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What Trump's New Cabinet and Administration Picks Have in Common

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What Trump's New Cabinet and Administration Picks Have in Common

A number of patterns have emerged among the people President-elect Donald J. Trump has indicated he wants to fill his cabinet and other senior-level positions in his administration.

Some points of commonality are historically typical among senior White House and cabinet officials — Harvard, Yale and Princeton are well represented among his selections’ alma maters, for instance. Other uniting factors are unprecedented: Many on the list have denied or questioned the results of the 2020 presidential election, often a prerequisite for gaining Mr. Trump’s favor. And some lack the traditional qualifications shared by their predecessors.

Indeed, it appears that the most important qualifier in Mr. Trump’s mind has been fealty to him, which many of his picks have demonstrated in various ways over the past few years.

See some of the links between more than 60 potential members (in some cases pending confirmation) of the incoming administration, below.


At least 5 are billionaires.

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Mr. Trump has picked two billionaires to lead key economic departments, raising questions about whether his administration will follow through on promises to boost the working class.

Scott Bessent, his choice for treasury secretary, is a hedge fund manager who invested money for George Soros, a liberal philanthropist, for more than a decade. Howard Lutnick, his pick for commerce secretary, is a Wall Street executive. Both Mr. Bessent and Mr. Lutnick have been vocal in their support for Mr. Trump’s plan to impose tariffs on imports, although they may prefer a more targeted approach.

Billionaire entrepreneurs Elon Musk and Vivek Ramaswamy will lead what Mr. Trump is calling the Department of Government Efficiency. Mr. Trump has said the new initiative would operate outside of the government and offer input to federal officials.


At least 8 have been major Trump donors.

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The president-elect has also selected major campaign donors for key positions, including four to lead cabinet agencies: Mr. Lutnick and Mr. Bessent, as well as Chris Wright to lead the Energy Department and Linda McMahon to lead the Education Department. (Ms. McMahon and Mr. Lutnick are also co-chairs of the Trump transition.) As of the last federal filing, their contributions to support Mr. Trump during the 2024 election cycle ranged from $350,000 to $20 million.

John Phelan, Mr. Trump’s pick for Navy secretary, and his wife, Amy, donated more than $1 million to Mr. Trump’s joint fund-raising campaign committee.

Steven Witkoff, a billionaire real estate mogul who has given nearly $2 million to Mr. Trump’s political causes over the past decade, was named special envoy to the Middle East. He was on the golf course with Mr. Trump in September during a second assassination attempt.

Mr. Musk poured at least $75 million into a new pro-Trump super PAC and promised on Oct. 19 to award one voter $1 million every day through Election Day. The Justice Department warned Mr. Musk that the giveaway might be illegal, but a judge in Philadelphia refused to halt the sweepstakes.

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Charles Kushner, Mr. Trump’s pick for ambassador to France, is a real estate executive who gave at least $2 million to support Mr. Trump.


At least 12 hosted or co-hosted events at Mar-a-Lago.

After Mr. Trump left the White House, Mar-a-Lago became the headquarters of the MAGA movement. Events hosted by right-wing organizations and politicians there largely replaced traditional Palm Beach society galas on the resort’s calendar, as a visit became an essential rite for many Republican candidates.

Many of Mr. Trump’s recent picks were regular fixtures at Mar-a-Lago during this time. Some did more than visit, choosing to host expensive receptions on the property. As Mar-a-Lago’s owner, Mr. Trump is the beneficiary of its profits.

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Several of the proposed officials have held campaign fund-raisers or served on the host committee to support another candidate’s event. Others hosted or co-hosted larger events for organizations they lead or champion.


At least 13 made appearances at Trump’s criminal trial in New York.

Mr. Trump’s criminal trial in Manhattan was a staging ground for allies to prove their loyalty. Several of his recent picks traveled to New York in the spring to show support. Some were there in a professional context. Todd Blanche, Mr. Trump’s choice for deputy attorney general, was one of his trial lawyers, and Susie Wiles, Mr. Trump’s incoming chief of staff, was co-chair of his 2024 presidential campaign.

Others, like Vice President-elect JD Vance and Doug Burgum, Mr. Trump’s pick for interior secretary, attended the trial as spectators and attacked members of the presiding judge’s family on behalf of Mr. Trump, who was under a rule of silence. Both were considered potential running mates at the time.

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At least 17 are associated with the America First Policy Institute or Project 2025.

Mr. Trump spent much of the campaign distancing himself from Project 2025, a sprawling initiative spearheaded by the Heritage Foundation that included a “blueprint” document for a new conservative administration that was authored in part by former Trump staffers. But since winning the election, Mr. Trump has picked at least seven people with ties to the controversial conservative policy initiative to serve in his administration.

Project 2025 also includes a database of Heritage-vetted personnel intended to help a Republican president build rank-and-file staff. It remains to be seen to what extent those candidates will be hired in the new administration.

The America First Policy Institute, which like the Heritage Foundation is a pro-Trump think tank, is also heavily represented in his picks so far. At least 11 of the people among his picks have ties to the upstart policy group. Much like Project 2025, the think tank has prepared staffing plans and a policy agenda, and it reportedly has drafted nearly 300 executive orders ready for Mr. Trump’s signature.

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At least 11 are or have been Fox hosts or contributors.

Some of Mr. Trump’s appointees are closely linked to Fox as either hosts, former hosts or contributors. Pete Hegseth was a host on “Fox & Friends” until he became Mr. Trump’s pick for defense secretary. Mr. Hegseth’s co-host was Rachel Campos-Duffy, who is married to Sean Duffy, Mr. Trump’s cabinet pick for transportation secretary. Mr. Duffy also co-hosted a show on Fox Business.

Mr. Trump’s choice for ambassador to Israel, Mike Huckabee, hosted a show on Fox for seven years. More recently, Mr. Ramaswamy was tapped to host a five-part series on Fox Nation.

Many more figures in Mr. Trump’s orbit are frequent guests on Fox News, and several not counted here have contributed digital columns to the Fox News website. Mr. Wright caught Mr. Trump’s attention in part through his appearances on Fox News.

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At least 9 are or have been registered lobbyists.

The revolving door between lobbying and government is a tradition in Washington — and one of the practices Mr. Trump pledged to eliminate when he said he would “drain the swamp.” But some of the people Mr. Trump has tapped for his administration have deep ties to that very swamp.

Ms. Wiles was registered as a lobbyist until early this year. Pam Bondi, Mr. Trump’s choice for attorney general, joined a lobbying firm run by a prominent Florida fund-raiser after she finished her second term as Florida attorney general. Mr. Duffy lobbied for a coalition of airlines in 2020.

Some of Mr. Trump’s selections not shown here have acted as lobbyists without officially registering — another longstanding custom in the nation’s capital. Russell T. Vought, Mr. Trump’s choice to lead the Office of Management and Budget, noted in paperwork for his 2017 Senate confirmation hearing that he had “engaged in grassroots lobbying.”

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At least 28 served in or advised the previous Trump administration.

More than two dozen of Mr. Trump’s cabinet and other senior-level picks also served in some capacity in his first administration.

Some have been chosen for roles related to their previous jobs. Thomas Homan was the acting director of U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement during Mr. Trump’s first term and has been named the border czar, a position that does not require Senate confirmation, for the coming term.

Others have been tapped for roles less related to their previous positions. Ms. McMahon was the administrator of the Small Business Administration from 2017 to 2019, and she is now Mr. Trump’s choice for education secretary.

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Several on this list did not have official, full-time jobs during Mr. Trump’s last term, but they were chosen by him to sit on advisory boards. Those people include Mr. Witkoff, Mr. Huckabee and Mr. Musk.


Explore the members of Mr. Trump’s proposed senior staff below.

Scott Bessent
Potential role

Treasury secretary

Role in
first term

Billionare
Yes
Major donor
Yes
Hosted M.A.L.
event(s)
Attended
N.Y. trial
Ties to Proj. 2025 or AFPI
Ties
to Fox
Lobbyist
Jay Bhattacharya
Potential role

National Institutes of Health director

Role in
first term

Advertisement
Billionare
Major donor
Hosted M.A.L.
event(s)
Attended
N.Y. trial
Ties to Proj. 2025 or AFPI
Ties
to Fox
Lobbyist
James Blair
Potential role

White House deputy chief of staff

Role in
first term

Billionare
Major donor
Hosted M.A.L.
event(s)
Attended
N.Y. trial
Ties to Proj. 2025 or AFPI
Ties
to Fox
Lobbyist
Todd Blanche
Potential role

Deputy attorney general

Role in
first term

Billionare
Major donor
Hosted M.A.L.
event(s)
Attended
N.Y. trial
Yes
Ties to Proj. 2025 or AFPI
Ties
to Fox
Lobbyist
Pam Bondi
Potential role

Attorney general

Role in
first term

Member of board of trustees of the John F. Kennedy Center for the Performing Arts

Billionare
Major donor
Hosted M.A.L.
event(s)
Attended
N.Y. trial
Yes
Ties to Proj. 2025 or AFPI
Yes
Ties
to Fox
Lobbyist
Yes
Massad Boulos
Potential role

Senior adviser for Arab and Middle Eastern affairs

Role in
first term

Billionare
Major donor
Hosted M.A.L.
event(s)
Attended
N.Y. trial
Ties to Proj. 2025 or AFPI
Ties
to Fox
Lobbyist
James Braid
Potential role

White House legislative affairs director

Role in
first term

Deputy to the associate director for
legislative affairs

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Billionare
Major donor
Hosted M.A.L.
event(s)
Attended
N.Y. trial
Ties to Proj. 2025 or AFPI
Yes
Ties
to Fox
Lobbyist
Yes
Taylor Budowich
Potential role

White House deputy chief of staff

Role in
first term

Billionare
Major donor
Hosted M.A.L.
event(s)
Attended
N.Y. trial
Ties to Proj. 2025 or AFPI
Ties
to Fox
Lobbyist
Doug Burgum
Potential role

Interior secretary

Role in
first term

Billionare
Major donor
Hosted M.A.L.
event(s)
Attended
N.Y. trial
Yes
Ties to Proj. 2025 or AFPI
Ties
to Fox
Lobbyist
Brendan Carr
Potential role

F.C.C. chairman

Role in
first term

F.C.C. commissioner

Billionare
Major donor
Hosted M.A.L.
event(s)
Attended
N.Y. trial
Ties to Proj. 2025 or AFPI
Yes
Ties
to Fox
Lobbyist
Lori Chavez-DeRemer
Potential role

Labor secretary

Role in
first term

Billionare
Major donor
Hosted M.A.L.
event(s)
Attended
N.Y. trial
Ties to Proj. 2025 or AFPI
Ties
to Fox
Lobbyist
Steven Cheung
Potential role

White House communications director

Role in
first term

White House director of strategic response

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Billionare
Major donor
Hosted M.A.L.
event(s)
Attended
N.Y. trial
Yes
Ties to Proj. 2025 or AFPI
Ties
to Fox
Lobbyist
Doug Collins
Potential role

Veterans affairs secretary

Role in
first term

Billionare
Major donor
Hosted M.A.L.
event(s)
Yes
Attended
N.Y. trial
Ties to Proj. 2025 or AFPI
Yes
Ties
to Fox
Lobbyist
Yes
Sean Duffy
Potential role

Transportation secretary

Role in
first term

Billionare
Major donor
Hosted M.A.L.
event(s)
Attended
N.Y. trial
Ties to Proj. 2025 or AFPI
Ties
to Fox
Yes
Lobbyist
Yes
Tulsi Gabbard
Potential role

Director of national intelligence

Role in
first term

Billionare
Major donor
Hosted M.A.L.
event(s)
Attended
N.Y. trial
Ties to Proj. 2025 or AFPI
Ties
to Fox
Yes
Lobbyist
Sergio Gor
Potential role

White House director of personnel

Role in
first term

Billionare
Major donor
Hosted M.A.L.
event(s)
Attended
N.Y. trial
Ties to Proj. 2025 or AFPI
Ties
to Fox
Lobbyist
Sebastian Gorka
Potential role

Deputy assistant to the president and senior director for counterterrorism

Role in
first term

Deputy assistant to the president and strategist

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Billionare
Major donor
Hosted M.A.L.
event(s)
Yes
Attended
N.Y. trial
Yes
Ties to Proj. 2025 or AFPI
Ties
to Fox
Yes
Lobbyist
Jamieson Greer
Potential role

U.S. trade representative

Role in
first term

Chief of staff to trade representative

Billionare
Major donor
Hosted M.A.L.
event(s)
Attended
N.Y. trial
Ties to Proj. 2025 or AFPI
Ties
to Fox
Lobbyist
Vince Haley
Potential role

Director of the Domestic Policy Council

Role in
first term

Deputy assistant to the president

Billionare
Major donor
Hosted M.A.L.
event(s)
Attended
N.Y. trial
Ties to Proj. 2025 or AFPI
Ties
to Fox
Lobbyist
Kevin Hassett
Potential role

Director of White House National Economic Council

Role in
first term

Chair of the Council of Economic Advisers

Billionare
Major donor
Hosted M.A.L.
event(s)
Attended
N.Y. trial
Ties to Proj. 2025 or AFPI
Yes
Ties
to Fox
Lobbyist
Pete Hegseth
Potential role

Defense secretary

Role in
first term

Billionare
Major donor
Hosted M.A.L.
event(s)
Attended
N.Y. trial
Ties to Proj. 2025 or AFPI
Ties
to Fox
Yes
Lobbyist
Pete Hoekstra
Potential role

Ambassador to Canada

Role in
first term

Ambassador to the Netherlands

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Billionare
Major donor
Hosted M.A.L.
event(s)
Attended
N.Y. trial
Ties to Proj. 2025 or AFPI
Yes
Ties
to Fox
Lobbyist
Yes
Thomas Homan
Potential role

Border czar

Role in
first term

Acting director of U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement

Billionare
Major donor
Hosted M.A.L.
event(s)
Yes
Attended
N.Y. trial
Ties to Proj. 2025 or AFPI
Yes
Ties
to Fox
Yes
Lobbyist
Mike Huckabee
Potential role

Ambassador to Israel

Role in
first term

Member of board of trustees of the John F. Kennedy Center for the Performing Arts

Billionare
Major donor
Hosted M.A.L.
event(s)
Attended
N.Y. trial
Ties to Proj. 2025 or AFPI
Ties
to Fox
Yes
Lobbyist
Keith Kellogg
Potential role

Special envoy to Ukraine and Russia

Role in
first term

National security adviser to the vice president

Billionare
Major donor
Hosted M.A.L.
event(s)
Attended
N.Y. trial
Ties to Proj. 2025 or AFPI
Yes
Ties
to Fox
Yes
Lobbyist
Robert F. Kennedy Jr.
Potential role

Health and human services secretary

Role in
first term

Billionare
Major donor
Hosted M.A.L.
event(s)
Attended
N.Y. trial
Ties to Proj. 2025 or AFPI
Ties
to Fox
Lobbyist
Charles Kushner
Potential role

Ambassador to France

Role in
first term

Advertisement
Billionare
Major donor
Yes
Hosted M.A.L.
event(s)
Attended
N.Y. trial
Ties to Proj. 2025 or AFPI
Ties
to Fox
Lobbyist
Alex Latcham
Potential role

White House public liaison director

Role in
first term

Special assistant to the president

Billionare
Major donor
Hosted M.A.L.
event(s)
Attended
N.Y. trial
Ties to Proj. 2025 or AFPI
Ties
to Fox
Lobbyist
Karoline Leavitt
Potential role

White House press secretary

Role in
first term

Assistant White House press secretary

Billionare
Major donor
Hosted M.A.L.
event(s)
Attended
N.Y. trial
Yes
Ties to Proj. 2025 or AFPI
Yes
Ties
to Fox
Lobbyist
Howard Lutnick
Potential role

Commerce secretary

Role in
first term

Billionare
Yes
Major donor
Yes
Hosted M.A.L.
event(s)
Attended
N.Y. trial
Ties to Proj. 2025 or AFPI
Ties
to Fox
Lobbyist
Martin A. Makary
Potential role

F.D.A. commissioner

Role in
first term

Billionare
Major donor
Hosted M.A.L.
event(s)
Attended
N.Y. trial
Ties to Proj. 2025 or AFPI
Ties
to Fox
Yes
Lobbyist
Bill McGinley
Potential role

White House counsel

Role in
first term

White House cabinet secretary

Advertisement
Billionare
Major donor
Hosted M.A.L.
event(s)
Attended
N.Y. trial
Ties to Proj. 2025 or AFPI
Ties
to Fox
Lobbyist
Yes
Linda McMahon
Potential role

Education secretary

Role in
first term

Small business administrator

Billionare
Major donor
Yes
Hosted M.A.L.
event(s)
Yes
Attended
N.Y. trial
Ties to Proj. 2025 or AFPI
Yes
Ties
to Fox
Lobbyist
Stephen Miller
Potential role

White House deputy chief of staff

Role in
first term

Senior adviser

Billionare
Major donor
Hosted M.A.L.
event(s)
Attended
N.Y. trial
Ties to Proj. 2025 or AFPI
Ties
to Fox
Lobbyist
Elon Musk
Potential role

Co-lead, government efficiency

Role in
first term

Member of Great American Economic Revival industry group

Billionare
Yes
Major donor
Yes
Hosted M.A.L.
event(s)
Attended
N.Y. trial
Ties to Proj. 2025 or AFPI
Ties
to Fox
Lobbyist
Janette Nesheiwat
Potential role

U.S. surgeon general

Role in
first term

Billionare
Major donor
Hosted M.A.L.
event(s)
Attended
N.Y. trial
Ties to Proj. 2025 or AFPI
Ties
to Fox
Yes
Lobbyist
Kristi Noem
Potential role

Homeland security secretary

Role in
first term

Advertisement
Billionare
Major donor
Hosted M.A.L.
event(s)
Yes
Attended
N.Y. trial
Ties to Proj. 2025 or AFPI
Ties
to Fox
Lobbyist
Jim O’Neill
Potential role

Deputy secretary of health and human services

Role in
first term

Billionare
Major donor
Hosted M.A.L.
event(s)
Attended
N.Y. trial
Ties to Proj. 2025 or AFPI
Ties
to Fox
Lobbyist
Mehmet Oz
Potential role

Medicare and Medicaid administrator

Role in
first term

Member of president’s council on sports, fitness and nutrition

Billionare
Major donor
Hosted M.A.L.
event(s)
Attended
N.Y. trial
Ties to Proj. 2025 or AFPI
Ties
to Fox
Lobbyist
Kash Patel
Potential role

F.B.I. director

Role in
first term

Chief of staff to acting defense secretary

Billionare
Major donor
Hosted M.A.L.
event(s)
Attended
N.Y. trial
Yes
Ties to Proj. 2025 or AFPI
Yes
Ties
to Fox
Lobbyist
John Phelan
Potential role

Navy secretary

Role in
first term

Billionare
Major donor
Yes
Hosted M.A.L.
event(s)
Attended
N.Y. trial
Ties to Proj. 2025 or AFPI
Ties
to Fox
Lobbyist
Matt Brasseaux
Potential role

White House political affairs director

Role in
first term

Advertisement
Billionare
Major donor
Hosted M.A.L.
event(s)
Attended
N.Y. trial
Ties to Proj. 2025 or AFPI
Ties
to Fox
Lobbyist
Vivek Ramaswamy
Potential role

Co-lead, government efficiency

Role in
first term

Billionare
Yes
Major donor
Hosted M.A.L.
event(s)
Yes
Attended
N.Y. trial
Yes
Ties to Proj. 2025 or AFPI
Ties
to Fox
Yes
Lobbyist
John Ratcliffe
Potential role

C.I.A. director

Role in
first term

Director of national intelligence

Billionare
Major donor
Hosted M.A.L.
event(s)
Attended
N.Y. trial
Ties to Proj. 2025 or AFPI
Yes
Ties
to Fox
Lobbyist
Brooke Rollins
Potential role

Agriculture secretary

Role in
first term

Acting domestic policy adviser

Billionare
Major donor
Hosted M.A.L.
event(s)
Yes
Attended
N.Y. trial
Ties to Proj. 2025 or AFPI
Yes
Ties
to Fox
Lobbyist
Marco Rubio
Potential role

Secretary of state

Role in
first term

Billionare
Major donor
Hosted M.A.L.
event(s)
Yes
Attended
N.Y. trial
Ties to Proj. 2025 or AFPI
Ties
to Fox
Lobbyist
D. John Sauer
Potential role

U.S. solicitor general

Role in
first term

Advertisement
Billionare
Major donor
Hosted M.A.L.
event(s)
Attended
N.Y. trial
Ties to Proj. 2025 or AFPI
Ties
to Fox
Lobbyist
Dan Scavino
Potential role

White House deputy chief of staff

Role in
first term

White House deputy chief of staff

Billionare
Major donor
Hosted M.A.L.
event(s)
Attended
N.Y. trial
Yes
Ties to Proj. 2025 or AFPI
Ties
to Fox
Lobbyist
Will Scharf
Potential role

White House staff secretary

Role in
first term

Billionare
Major donor
Hosted M.A.L.
event(s)
Attended
N.Y. trial
Ties to Proj. 2025 or AFPI
Ties
to Fox
Lobbyist
Elise Stefanik
Potential role

U.N. ambassador

Role in
first term

Billionare
Major donor
Hosted M.A.L.
event(s)
Yes
Attended
N.Y. trial
Ties to Proj. 2025 or AFPI
Ties
to Fox
Lobbyist
Scott Turner
Potential role

Housing and urban development secretary

Role in
first term

Executive director of White House opportunity and revitalization council

Billionare
Major donor
Hosted M.A.L.
event(s)
Attended
N.Y. trial
Ties to Proj. 2025 or AFPI
Yes
Ties
to Fox
Lobbyist
JD Vance
Potential role

Vice president

Role in
first term

Advertisement
Billionare
Major donor
Hosted M.A.L.
event(s)
Attended
N.Y. trial
Yes
Ties to Proj. 2025 or AFPI
Ties
to Fox
Lobbyist
Russell T. Vought
Potential role

Office of Management and Budget director

Role in
first term

Office of Management and Budget director

Billionare
Major donor
Hosted M.A.L.
event(s)
Attended
N.Y. trial
Ties to Proj. 2025 or AFPI
Yes
Ties
to Fox
Lobbyist
Michael Waltz
Potential role

National security adviser

Role in
first term

Billionare
Major donor
Hosted M.A.L.
event(s)
Yes
Attended
N.Y. trial
Yes
Ties to Proj. 2025 or AFPI
Ties
to Fox
Yes
Lobbyist
Dave Weldon
Potential role

C.D.C. director

Role in
first term

Billionare
Major donor
Hosted M.A.L.
event(s)
Attended
N.Y. trial
Ties to Proj. 2025 or AFPI
Ties
to Fox
Lobbyist
Matthew Whitaker
Potential role

NATO ambassador

Role in
first term

Acting attorney general

Billionare
Major donor
Hosted M.A.L.
event(s)
Yes
Attended
N.Y. trial
Yes
Ties to Proj. 2025 or AFPI
Yes
Ties
to Fox
Lobbyist
Yes
Susie Wiles
Potential role

White House chief of staff

Role in
first term

Advertisement
Billionare
Major donor
Hosted M.A.L.
event(s)
Attended
N.Y. trial
Yes
Ties to Proj. 2025 or AFPI
Ties
to Fox
Lobbyist
Yes
Steven Witkoff
Potential role

Middle East envoy

Role in
first term

Member of Great American Economic Revival industry group

Billionare
Yes
Major donor
Yes
Hosted M.A.L.
event(s)
Attended
N.Y. trial
Ties to Proj. 2025 or AFPI
Ties
to Fox
Lobbyist
Alex Wong
Potential role

Assistant to the president and principal deputy national security adviser

Role in
first term

Deputy special representative for North Korea

Billionare
Major donor
Hosted M.A.L.
event(s)
Attended
N.Y. trial
Ties to Proj. 2025 or AFPI
Ties
to Fox
Lobbyist
Yes
Chris Wright
Potential role

Energy secretary

Role in
first term

Billionare
Major donor
Yes
Hosted M.A.L.
event(s)
Attended
N.Y. trial
Ties to Proj. 2025 or AFPI
Ties
to Fox
Lobbyist
Lee Zeldin
Potential role

E.P.A. administrator

Role in
first term

Billionare
Major donor
Hosted M.A.L.
event(s)
Yes
Attended
N.Y. trial
Ties to Proj. 2025 or AFPI
Yes
Ties
to Fox
Lobbyist

Methodology

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This list reflects 61 cabinet and senior-level position picks that Mr. Trump had announced as of noon Eastern on Dec. 2.

To determine ties to Project 2025, The Times checked Mr. Trump’s proposed staff members against the authors, editors and contributors to the Project 2025 playbook, as well as the instructor lists in Project 2025’s training programs. Ties to the America First Policy Institute were determined by whether an individual had a listed role on the conservative group’s website or has served as a fellow for the group.

To determine ties to Fox News, The Times searched for each staff pick on Fox’s website, which lists individuals’ affiliations with Fox News. In instances where a biographical page was not available for a nominee, The Times attempted a further search on the Internet Archive and consulted news articles that described other relationships between the potential nominees and appointees and Fox News. In many cases, nominees had a presence on the Fox News website in the form of submitted opinion articles, but were not described as Fox contributors, so The Times did not classify them as being tied to Fox directly.

Accounts by Times reporters and photographers who covered Mr. Trump’s trial in New York were used to determine whether one of Mr. Trump’s picks attended the trial.

Those labeled billionaires have been referred to as such in other Times coverage.

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Major donors include people who gave at least $250,000 to support Mr. Trump during the 2024 election cycle.

The Times used congressional lobbying disclosure databases to determine whether an individual is or has ever been a registered lobbyist.

To determine whether one of Mr. Trump’s picks hosted or co-hosted an event at Mar-a-Lago, The Times used permits from the town of Palm Beach; federal, state and county campaign finance records; tax records; social media posts; and promotional materials from organizations that held events.

The Times used the official White House archive from the first Trump administration to determine whether people selected for the second administration also served in the first. Some held multiple positions during the course of the administration. In most cases, the chart reflects the last position they held.

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Trump renews bridge, power plant threat against Iran in push for deal, mocks ‘tough guy’ IRGC

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Trump renews bridge, power plant threat against Iran in push for deal, mocks ‘tough guy’ IRGC

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President Donald Trump mocked the Islamic Revolutionary Guard on Sunday morning for staking claim to a Strait of Hormuz “blockade” the U.S. military had already put in place.

“Iran recently announced that they were closing the Strait, which is strange, because our BLOCKADE has already closed it,” Trump wrote on Truth Social. “They’re helping us without knowing, and they are the ones that lose with the closed passage, $500 Million Dollars a day! The United States loses nothing. 

“In fact, many Ships are headed, right now, to the U.S., Texas, Louisiana, and Alaska, to load up, compliments of the IRGC, always wanting to be ‘the tough guy!’”

Trump declared Saturday’s IRGC fire was “a total violation” of the ceasefire.

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“Iran decided to fire bullets yesterday in the Strait of Hormuz — A Total Violation of our Ceasefire Agreement!” his post began.

“Many of them were aimed at a French Ship, and a Freighter from the United Kingdom. That wasn’t nice, was it? My Representatives are going to Islamabad, Pakistan — They will be there tomorrow evening, for Negotiations.”

Trump remains hopeful about diplomacy, but is not ruling out a return to force, where he once warned about ending “civilation” in Iran as they know it.

“We’re offering a very fair and reasonable DEAL, and I hope they take it because, if they don’t, the United States is going to knock out every single Power Plant, and every single Bridge, in Iran,” Trump’s stern warning continued. 

“NO MORE MR. NICE GUY! 

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“They’ll come down fast, they’ll come down easy and, if they don’t take the DEAL, it will be my Honor to do what has to be done, which should have been done to Iran, by other Presidents, for the last 47 years. IT’S TIME FOR THE IRAN KILLING MACHINE TO END!”

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Ordered free, still locked up: Judges fume as Trump administration holds ICE detainees

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Ordered free, still locked up: Judges fume as Trump administration holds ICE detainees

Judge Troy Nunley was fed up.

Federal immigration officials had once again flouted his authority by keeping a man locked up in a California City detention center after Nunley ordered him released. When he was finally set free, the man was booted onto the street with no passport, driver’s license or other personal effects. The judge’s demand that the items be returned were met with silence.

And so on Tuesday, Nunley, the chief judge of the Eastern District of California, slapped Department of Justice attorney Jonathan Yu with an official sanction and a $250 fine.

In a scathing order, Nunley laid out why he was compelled to take such a rare step. The fine may have been less than some traffic tickets, but it’s nearly unheard for a judge to formally admonish a government lawyer.

By Yu’s own admission, he was drowning in work. In his order, Nunley recounted the attorney’s claim he’d been assigned more than 300 nearly identical cases in the last three months, all of immigrants in detention who argued they were being held without cause.

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Court filings show many California cases involve longtime U.S. residents unexpectedly hauled off to jail after routine check-ins with immigration officials. One was an Afghan who’d helped the American war effort. Another a Cambodian grandmother of eight who fled Pol Pot’s killing fields as a girl nearly 50 years ago.

Until last year, most would have fought deportation on bond after a brief hearing with an immigration judge. Now, their only hope of release is to file a petition for writ of habeas corpus — a legal maneuver once typically reserved for death row inmates and suspected terrorists — inundating the country’s busiest federal courts with thousands of emergency suits.

The Trump administration attorney said he was trying to “triage” the situation, but Nunley found he repeatedly failed to comply, leaving people with the right to walk free stuck behind bars.

“The Court is not persuaded,” he wrote, issuing the sanctions.

The order came days after Nunley took the unusual step of announcing a “judicial emergency” in the district, which covers nearly half of California, stretching from the Oregon border to the Mojave Desert in the inland part of the state, including Fresno, Bakersfield and Sacramento.

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In the last year, the Eastern District has received more petitions from immigration detainees than almost any other jurisdiction in the United States: More than 2,700 since January, compared to fewer than 500 last year and just 18 in 2024. Similar crises are playing out elsewhere, with federal courts in Minnesota briefly paralyzed amid the Trump administration’s enforcement blitz there last winter.

People detained are seen behind fences at an ICE detention facility in Adelanto, California on July 10, 2025.

(Patrick T. Fallon/AFP via Getty Images)

In an interview with The Times, Nunley said dealing with the surge of activity since last summer has been “like being hit over the head with a bat.”

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“We’re up all night doing these cases,” he said.

So far this year, the Eastern District’s six active judges have ordered almost people 2,000 freed.

“The majority of the cases that we see are cases where people should not be detained,” Nunley said. “They should be receiving hearings to determine whether or not they are to remain in this country, and until they receive those hearings, they should be free.”

Since last July, the Department of Homeland Security has ordered that all immigrants it arrests are subject to “mandatory detention” — a policy that had previously only applied to those caught at the border.

The change came four days after President Trump signed a spending bill that earmarked $45 billion to expand the federal network of immigrant lockups.

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“This has been a sea change in the way the government has read the law,” said My Khanh Ngo, a senior staff attorney at the ACLU Immigrants’ Rights Project. “Almost every judge who has looked at this has agreed these people should get bond, and yet thousands of people are still sitting in detention.”

high school students protest immigration raids

Elizabeth Vega, 15, right, and Darlene Rumualdo, 15, from Torres High School join labor organizers, clergy leaders and immigrant rights groups to protest immigration raids nationwide at La Placita Olvera in downtown Los Angeles on January 23, 2026.

(Genaro Molina/Los Angeles Times)

Longtime U.S. residents who might once have fought removal from home — where they can more easily gather evidence to support their case and confer with lawyers — are instead being held indefinitely.

Many have no criminal record. Some have been in the U.S. so long that the countries they came from no longer exist.

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“People are locked up in the same facilities as people accused of crimes, people who’ve been convicted of crimes … and then you’re telling people, you have no shot of getting out,” Ngo said. “Detaining people and not giving them the chance to get out of detention is a way of coercing people to give up their claims.”

The habeas process can take weeks or months depending on the judge and the district.

“When the immigration cases dropped on our district, we got hit harder than any other outside West Texas,” Nunley said. “Initially we had more cases than anyone else.”

Today, data compiled by ProPublica and legal activist groups including the Immigration Justice Transparency Initiative show almost a quarter of the roughly 30,000 active habeas petitions in the United States are in California courts. Nunley’s own tabulations show half the California cases are in his district, where a perfect storm of stepped-up enforcement, a large population of immigrant workers and a concentration of detention centers produced a flash flood of habeas petitions.

The cases rely on the Constitution’s guarantee of due process before being deprived of life, liberty or property. But according to court filings, in some instances the government has argued “the Fifth Amendment does not apply” to detained immigrants.

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DOJ lawyers responding to the bids for freedom now regularly complain they’re being crushed under paperwork.

Judges accustomed to having government lawyers comply with their orders have been left fuming.

In California’s Central District, which includes L.A. and surrounding areas, Judge Sunshine Sykes wrote a fiery decision earlier this year that said the Trump administration is inflicting “terror against noncitizens.”

Sykes is one of several federal judges across the country that have tried to compel the government to resume bond hearings. The 9th U.S. Circuit Court of Appeals blocked that decision in March, leaving the habeas system in place for now. But with challenges or recent decisions across multiple circuits, experts say the fight is fated for the Supreme Court.

“ICE has the law and the facts on its side, and it adheres to all court decisions until it ultimately gets them shot down by the highest court in the land,” a Homeland Security spokesperson said in an email to The Times.

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A woman holds a "ICE not welcome here!" sign at a vigil in San Pedro in January.

A woman holds a “ICE not welcome here!” sign at a vigil in San Pedro in January.

(Gina Ferazzi/Los Angeles Times)

The lawyers fighting to free those jailed under the Trump administration’s mandatory detention policy say they were not initially equipped for these legal battles because they used to be exceedingly rare.

Most federal judges had only seen a handful of habeas petitions before last summer — then suddenly they had hundreds of requests for urgent relief, according to Jean Reisz, co-director of the USC Immigration Clinic.

Reisz said there are efforts to get pro bono law groups trained on how to effectively argue habeas cases, “but it takes a while to get up to speed.”

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A Federal agent asks residents to move back at the scene of a shooting

A federal agent asks residents to move back after a shooting during an immigration enforcement operation in Willowbrook on January 21, 2026.

(Genaro Molina/Los Angeles Times)

At the same time, Reisz said, lawyers are pushing judges who oversee the cases to act swiftly, since interminable procedural delays ensure people remain incarcerated.

“Most of the habeas petitions include a motion for temporary restraining orders, and that requires emergency decisions from the courts, which requires the courts to act very fast,” Reisz said.

In California’s federal district courts, the backlog remains thousands deep. Nunley said the system is struggling to keep up with the crush of cases.

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“There’s nothing that says that noncitizens should not be entitled to due process,” Nunley said. “These are our people, they reside in our district. They’re entitled to the same due process that you and I are entitled to.”

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Rubio targets Nicaraguan official over alleged torture tied to ‘brutal’ Ortega regime

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Rubio targets Nicaraguan official over alleged torture tied to ‘brutal’ Ortega regime

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Secretary of State Marco Rubio announced Saturday that the Trump administration is sanctioning a senior Nicaraguan official over alleged human rights violations.

Rubio said the U.S. is designating Vice Minister of the Interior Luis Roberto Cañas Novoa for his role in “gross violations of human rights” under the government of President Daniel Ortega and Vice President Rosario Murillo, marking what he said was the latest effort to hold the regime accountable.

“The Trump administration continues to hold the Murillo-Ortega dictatorship accountable for brutal human rights violations against Nicaraguans,” Rubio said in a post on X. “I’m designating Nicaraguan Vice Minister of the Interior Luis Roberto Cañas Novoa for his role in human rights violations.”

RUBIO TESTIFIES IN TRIAL OF EX-FLORIDA CONGRESSMAN ALLEGEDLY HIRED BY MADURO GOVERNMENT TO LOBBY FOR VENEZUELA

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Secretary of State Marco Rubio speaks at the State Department, April 14, 2026. The U.S. announced sanctions on a Nicaraguan official tied to alleged human rights abuses under the Ortega-Murillo government. (Andrew Harnik/Getty Images)

The designation was made under Section 7031(c), which allows the State Department to bar foreign officials and their immediate family members from entering the United States due to involvement in significant corruption or human rights abuses.

The State Department has said the Ortega-Murillo government has engaged in arbitrary arrests, torture and extrajudicial killings following mass protests that began in April 2018.

“Nearly eight years ago, the Rosario Murillo and Daniel Ortega dictatorship unleashed a brutal wave of repression against Nicaraguans who courageously stood against the regime’s increased tyranny, corruption, and abuse,” the statement reads.

The State Department said that the sanction marked the anniversary of the 2018 protests, after which more than 325 protesters were murdered in the aftermath.

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A panel of U.N.-backed human rights experts previously accused Nicaragua’s government of systematic abuses “tantamount to crimes against humanity,” following an investigation into the country’s crackdown on political dissent, according to The Associated Press.

The experts said the repression intensified after mass protests in 2018 and has since expanded across large parts of society, targeting perceived opponents of the government.

TRUMP ADMIN ANNOUNCES EXPANSION OF VISA RESTRICTION POLICY IN WESTERN HEMISPHERE

Nicaragua President Daniel Ortega delivers a speech during a ceremony to mark the 199th Independence Day anniversary, in Managua, Nicaragua Sept. 15, 2020.   (Nicaragua’s Presidency/Cesar Perez/Handout via Reuters)

Nicaragua’s government has rejected those findings.

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The designation follows a series of recent U.S. actions targeting the Ortega-Murillo government. In February, the State Department sanctioned five senior Nicaraguan officials tied to repression, citing arbitrary detention, torture, killings and the targeting of clergy, media and civil society.

Earlier this week, the department also announced sanctions on individuals and companies linked to Nicaragua’s gold sector, including two of Ortega and Murillo’s sons, accusing the regime of using the industry to generate foreign currency, launder assets and consolidate power within the ruling family.

The State Department said the move is part of ongoing efforts to hold the Nicaraguan government accountable for its actions.

Fox News Digital reached out to the Nicaraguan government and its embassy in Washington for comment but did not immediately receive a response.

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A man waves a Nicaraguan flag during a demonstration to commemorate Nicaragua’s national Day of Peace, which is celebrated in the country on April 19, and to protest against the government of Nicaraguan President Daniel Ortega in San Jose, Costa Rica on April 16, 2023. (Jose Cordero/AFP)

The Trump administration has taken an increasingly aggressive posture in the Western Hemisphere in recent months, including a Jan. 3, 2026, operation that resulted in the capture of Venezuelan leader Nicolás Maduro and his wife, Cilia Flores.

The U.S. has also carried out a series of strikes targeting suspected drug-trafficking vessels in the region, part of a broader crackdown tied to regional security and narcotics enforcement efforts.

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