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What Trump's New Cabinet and Administration Picks Have in Common

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What Trump's New Cabinet and Administration Picks Have in Common

A number of patterns have emerged among the people President-elect Donald J. Trump has indicated he wants to fill his cabinet and other senior-level positions in his administration.

Some points of commonality are historically typical among senior White House and cabinet officials — Harvard, Yale and Princeton are well represented among his selections’ alma maters, for instance. Other uniting factors are unprecedented: Many on the list have denied or questioned the results of the 2020 presidential election, often a prerequisite for gaining Mr. Trump’s favor. And some lack the traditional qualifications shared by their predecessors.

Indeed, it appears that the most important qualifier in Mr. Trump’s mind has been fealty to him, which many of his picks have demonstrated in various ways over the past few years.

See some of the links between more than 60 potential members (in some cases pending confirmation) of the incoming administration, below.


At least 5 are billionaires.

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Mr. Trump has picked two billionaires to lead key economic departments, raising questions about whether his administration will follow through on promises to boost the working class.

Scott Bessent, his choice for treasury secretary, is a hedge fund manager who invested money for George Soros, a liberal philanthropist, for more than a decade. Howard Lutnick, his pick for commerce secretary, is a Wall Street executive. Both Mr. Bessent and Mr. Lutnick have been vocal in their support for Mr. Trump’s plan to impose tariffs on imports, although they may prefer a more targeted approach.

Billionaire entrepreneurs Elon Musk and Vivek Ramaswamy will lead what Mr. Trump is calling the Department of Government Efficiency. Mr. Trump has said the new initiative would operate outside of the government and offer input to federal officials.


At least 8 have been major Trump donors.

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The president-elect has also selected major campaign donors for key positions, including four to lead cabinet agencies: Mr. Lutnick and Mr. Bessent, as well as Chris Wright to lead the Energy Department and Linda McMahon to lead the Education Department. (Ms. McMahon and Mr. Lutnick are also co-chairs of the Trump transition.) As of the last federal filing, their contributions to support Mr. Trump during the 2024 election cycle ranged from $350,000 to $20 million.

John Phelan, Mr. Trump’s pick for Navy secretary, and his wife, Amy, donated more than $1 million to Mr. Trump’s joint fund-raising campaign committee.

Steven Witkoff, a billionaire real estate mogul who has given nearly $2 million to Mr. Trump’s political causes over the past decade, was named special envoy to the Middle East. He was on the golf course with Mr. Trump in September during a second assassination attempt.

Mr. Musk poured at least $75 million into a new pro-Trump super PAC and promised on Oct. 19 to award one voter $1 million every day through Election Day. The Justice Department warned Mr. Musk that the giveaway might be illegal, but a judge in Philadelphia refused to halt the sweepstakes.

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Charles Kushner, Mr. Trump’s pick for ambassador to France, is a real estate executive who gave at least $2 million to support Mr. Trump.


At least 12 hosted or co-hosted events at Mar-a-Lago.

After Mr. Trump left the White House, Mar-a-Lago became the headquarters of the MAGA movement. Events hosted by right-wing organizations and politicians there largely replaced traditional Palm Beach society galas on the resort’s calendar, as a visit became an essential rite for many Republican candidates.

Many of Mr. Trump’s recent picks were regular fixtures at Mar-a-Lago during this time. Some did more than visit, choosing to host expensive receptions on the property. As Mar-a-Lago’s owner, Mr. Trump is the beneficiary of its profits.

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Several of the proposed officials have held campaign fund-raisers or served on the host committee to support another candidate’s event. Others hosted or co-hosted larger events for organizations they lead or champion.


At least 13 made appearances at Trump’s criminal trial in New York.

Mr. Trump’s criminal trial in Manhattan was a staging ground for allies to prove their loyalty. Several of his recent picks traveled to New York in the spring to show support. Some were there in a professional context. Todd Blanche, Mr. Trump’s choice for deputy attorney general, was one of his trial lawyers, and Susie Wiles, Mr. Trump’s incoming chief of staff, was co-chair of his 2024 presidential campaign.

Others, like Vice President-elect JD Vance and Doug Burgum, Mr. Trump’s pick for interior secretary, attended the trial as spectators and attacked members of the presiding judge’s family on behalf of Mr. Trump, who was under a rule of silence. Both were considered potential running mates at the time.

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At least 17 are associated with the America First Policy Institute or Project 2025.

Mr. Trump spent much of the campaign distancing himself from Project 2025, a sprawling initiative spearheaded by the Heritage Foundation that included a “blueprint” document for a new conservative administration that was authored in part by former Trump staffers. But since winning the election, Mr. Trump has picked at least seven people with ties to the controversial conservative policy initiative to serve in his administration.

Project 2025 also includes a database of Heritage-vetted personnel intended to help a Republican president build rank-and-file staff. It remains to be seen to what extent those candidates will be hired in the new administration.

The America First Policy Institute, which like the Heritage Foundation is a pro-Trump think tank, is also heavily represented in his picks so far. At least 11 of the people among his picks have ties to the upstart policy group. Much like Project 2025, the think tank has prepared staffing plans and a policy agenda, and it reportedly has drafted nearly 300 executive orders ready for Mr. Trump’s signature.

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At least 11 are or have been Fox hosts or contributors.

Some of Mr. Trump’s appointees are closely linked to Fox as either hosts, former hosts or contributors. Pete Hegseth was a host on “Fox & Friends” until he became Mr. Trump’s pick for defense secretary. Mr. Hegseth’s co-host was Rachel Campos-Duffy, who is married to Sean Duffy, Mr. Trump’s cabinet pick for transportation secretary. Mr. Duffy also co-hosted a show on Fox Business.

Mr. Trump’s choice for ambassador to Israel, Mike Huckabee, hosted a show on Fox for seven years. More recently, Mr. Ramaswamy was tapped to host a five-part series on Fox Nation.

Many more figures in Mr. Trump’s orbit are frequent guests on Fox News, and several not counted here have contributed digital columns to the Fox News website. Mr. Wright caught Mr. Trump’s attention in part through his appearances on Fox News.

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At least 9 are or have been registered lobbyists.

The revolving door between lobbying and government is a tradition in Washington — and one of the practices Mr. Trump pledged to eliminate when he said he would “drain the swamp.” But some of the people Mr. Trump has tapped for his administration have deep ties to that very swamp.

Ms. Wiles was registered as a lobbyist until early this year. Pam Bondi, Mr. Trump’s choice for attorney general, joined a lobbying firm run by a prominent Florida fund-raiser after she finished her second term as Florida attorney general. Mr. Duffy lobbied for a coalition of airlines in 2020.

Some of Mr. Trump’s selections not shown here have acted as lobbyists without officially registering — another longstanding custom in the nation’s capital. Russell T. Vought, Mr. Trump’s choice to lead the Office of Management and Budget, noted in paperwork for his 2017 Senate confirmation hearing that he had “engaged in grassroots lobbying.”

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At least 28 served in or advised the previous Trump administration.

More than two dozen of Mr. Trump’s cabinet and other senior-level picks also served in some capacity in his first administration.

Some have been chosen for roles related to their previous jobs. Thomas Homan was the acting director of U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement during Mr. Trump’s first term and has been named the border czar, a position that does not require Senate confirmation, for the coming term.

Others have been tapped for roles less related to their previous positions. Ms. McMahon was the administrator of the Small Business Administration from 2017 to 2019, and she is now Mr. Trump’s choice for education secretary.

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Several on this list did not have official, full-time jobs during Mr. Trump’s last term, but they were chosen by him to sit on advisory boards. Those people include Mr. Witkoff, Mr. Huckabee and Mr. Musk.


Explore the members of Mr. Trump’s proposed senior staff below.

Scott Bessent
Potential role

Treasury secretary

Role in
first term

Billionare
Yes
Major donor
Yes
Hosted M.A.L.
event(s)
Attended
N.Y. trial
Ties to Proj. 2025 or AFPI
Ties
to Fox
Lobbyist
Jay Bhattacharya
Potential role

National Institutes of Health director

Role in
first term

Advertisement
Billionare
Major donor
Hosted M.A.L.
event(s)
Attended
N.Y. trial
Ties to Proj. 2025 or AFPI
Ties
to Fox
Lobbyist
James Blair
Potential role

White House deputy chief of staff

Role in
first term

Billionare
Major donor
Hosted M.A.L.
event(s)
Attended
N.Y. trial
Ties to Proj. 2025 or AFPI
Ties
to Fox
Lobbyist
Todd Blanche
Potential role

Deputy attorney general

Role in
first term

Billionare
Major donor
Hosted M.A.L.
event(s)
Attended
N.Y. trial
Yes
Ties to Proj. 2025 or AFPI
Ties
to Fox
Lobbyist
Pam Bondi
Potential role

Attorney general

Role in
first term

Member of board of trustees of the John F. Kennedy Center for the Performing Arts

Billionare
Major donor
Hosted M.A.L.
event(s)
Attended
N.Y. trial
Yes
Ties to Proj. 2025 or AFPI
Yes
Ties
to Fox
Lobbyist
Yes
Massad Boulos
Potential role

Senior adviser for Arab and Middle Eastern affairs

Role in
first term

Billionare
Major donor
Hosted M.A.L.
event(s)
Attended
N.Y. trial
Ties to Proj. 2025 or AFPI
Ties
to Fox
Lobbyist
James Braid
Potential role

White House legislative affairs director

Role in
first term

Deputy to the associate director for
legislative affairs

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Billionare
Major donor
Hosted M.A.L.
event(s)
Attended
N.Y. trial
Ties to Proj. 2025 or AFPI
Yes
Ties
to Fox
Lobbyist
Yes
Taylor Budowich
Potential role

White House deputy chief of staff

Role in
first term

Billionare
Major donor
Hosted M.A.L.
event(s)
Attended
N.Y. trial
Ties to Proj. 2025 or AFPI
Ties
to Fox
Lobbyist
Doug Burgum
Potential role

Interior secretary

Role in
first term

Billionare
Major donor
Hosted M.A.L.
event(s)
Attended
N.Y. trial
Yes
Ties to Proj. 2025 or AFPI
Ties
to Fox
Lobbyist
Brendan Carr
Potential role

F.C.C. chairman

Role in
first term

F.C.C. commissioner

Billionare
Major donor
Hosted M.A.L.
event(s)
Attended
N.Y. trial
Ties to Proj. 2025 or AFPI
Yes
Ties
to Fox
Lobbyist
Lori Chavez-DeRemer
Potential role

Labor secretary

Role in
first term

Billionare
Major donor
Hosted M.A.L.
event(s)
Attended
N.Y. trial
Ties to Proj. 2025 or AFPI
Ties
to Fox
Lobbyist
Steven Cheung
Potential role

White House communications director

Role in
first term

White House director of strategic response

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Billionare
Major donor
Hosted M.A.L.
event(s)
Attended
N.Y. trial
Yes
Ties to Proj. 2025 or AFPI
Ties
to Fox
Lobbyist
Doug Collins
Potential role

Veterans affairs secretary

Role in
first term

Billionare
Major donor
Hosted M.A.L.
event(s)
Yes
Attended
N.Y. trial
Ties to Proj. 2025 or AFPI
Yes
Ties
to Fox
Lobbyist
Yes
Sean Duffy
Potential role

Transportation secretary

Role in
first term

Billionare
Major donor
Hosted M.A.L.
event(s)
Attended
N.Y. trial
Ties to Proj. 2025 or AFPI
Ties
to Fox
Yes
Lobbyist
Yes
Tulsi Gabbard
Potential role

Director of national intelligence

Role in
first term

Billionare
Major donor
Hosted M.A.L.
event(s)
Attended
N.Y. trial
Ties to Proj. 2025 or AFPI
Ties
to Fox
Yes
Lobbyist
Sergio Gor
Potential role

White House director of personnel

Role in
first term

Billionare
Major donor
Hosted M.A.L.
event(s)
Attended
N.Y. trial
Ties to Proj. 2025 or AFPI
Ties
to Fox
Lobbyist
Sebastian Gorka
Potential role

Deputy assistant to the president and senior director for counterterrorism

Role in
first term

Deputy assistant to the president and strategist

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Billionare
Major donor
Hosted M.A.L.
event(s)
Yes
Attended
N.Y. trial
Yes
Ties to Proj. 2025 or AFPI
Ties
to Fox
Yes
Lobbyist
Jamieson Greer
Potential role

U.S. trade representative

Role in
first term

Chief of staff to trade representative

Billionare
Major donor
Hosted M.A.L.
event(s)
Attended
N.Y. trial
Ties to Proj. 2025 or AFPI
Ties
to Fox
Lobbyist
Vince Haley
Potential role

Director of the Domestic Policy Council

Role in
first term

Deputy assistant to the president

Billionare
Major donor
Hosted M.A.L.
event(s)
Attended
N.Y. trial
Ties to Proj. 2025 or AFPI
Ties
to Fox
Lobbyist
Kevin Hassett
Potential role

Director of White House National Economic Council

Role in
first term

Chair of the Council of Economic Advisers

Billionare
Major donor
Hosted M.A.L.
event(s)
Attended
N.Y. trial
Ties to Proj. 2025 or AFPI
Yes
Ties
to Fox
Lobbyist
Pete Hegseth
Potential role

Defense secretary

Role in
first term

Billionare
Major donor
Hosted M.A.L.
event(s)
Attended
N.Y. trial
Ties to Proj. 2025 or AFPI
Ties
to Fox
Yes
Lobbyist
Pete Hoekstra
Potential role

Ambassador to Canada

Role in
first term

Ambassador to the Netherlands

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Billionare
Major donor
Hosted M.A.L.
event(s)
Attended
N.Y. trial
Ties to Proj. 2025 or AFPI
Yes
Ties
to Fox
Lobbyist
Yes
Thomas Homan
Potential role

Border czar

Role in
first term

Acting director of U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement

Billionare
Major donor
Hosted M.A.L.
event(s)
Yes
Attended
N.Y. trial
Ties to Proj. 2025 or AFPI
Yes
Ties
to Fox
Yes
Lobbyist
Mike Huckabee
Potential role

Ambassador to Israel

Role in
first term

Member of board of trustees of the John F. Kennedy Center for the Performing Arts

Billionare
Major donor
Hosted M.A.L.
event(s)
Attended
N.Y. trial
Ties to Proj. 2025 or AFPI
Ties
to Fox
Yes
Lobbyist
Keith Kellogg
Potential role

Special envoy to Ukraine and Russia

Role in
first term

National security adviser to the vice president

Billionare
Major donor
Hosted M.A.L.
event(s)
Attended
N.Y. trial
Ties to Proj. 2025 or AFPI
Yes
Ties
to Fox
Yes
Lobbyist
Robert F. Kennedy Jr.
Potential role

Health and human services secretary

Role in
first term

Billionare
Major donor
Hosted M.A.L.
event(s)
Attended
N.Y. trial
Ties to Proj. 2025 or AFPI
Ties
to Fox
Lobbyist
Charles Kushner
Potential role

Ambassador to France

Role in
first term

Advertisement
Billionare
Major donor
Yes
Hosted M.A.L.
event(s)
Attended
N.Y. trial
Ties to Proj. 2025 or AFPI
Ties
to Fox
Lobbyist
Alex Latcham
Potential role

White House public liaison director

Role in
first term

Special assistant to the president

Billionare
Major donor
Hosted M.A.L.
event(s)
Attended
N.Y. trial
Ties to Proj. 2025 or AFPI
Ties
to Fox
Lobbyist
Karoline Leavitt
Potential role

White House press secretary

Role in
first term

Assistant White House press secretary

Billionare
Major donor
Hosted M.A.L.
event(s)
Attended
N.Y. trial
Yes
Ties to Proj. 2025 or AFPI
Yes
Ties
to Fox
Lobbyist
Howard Lutnick
Potential role

Commerce secretary

Role in
first term

Billionare
Yes
Major donor
Yes
Hosted M.A.L.
event(s)
Attended
N.Y. trial
Ties to Proj. 2025 or AFPI
Ties
to Fox
Lobbyist
Martin A. Makary
Potential role

F.D.A. commissioner

Role in
first term

Billionare
Major donor
Hosted M.A.L.
event(s)
Attended
N.Y. trial
Ties to Proj. 2025 or AFPI
Ties
to Fox
Yes
Lobbyist
Bill McGinley
Potential role

White House counsel

Role in
first term

White House cabinet secretary

Advertisement
Billionare
Major donor
Hosted M.A.L.
event(s)
Attended
N.Y. trial
Ties to Proj. 2025 or AFPI
Ties
to Fox
Lobbyist
Yes
Linda McMahon
Potential role

Education secretary

Role in
first term

Small business administrator

Billionare
Major donor
Yes
Hosted M.A.L.
event(s)
Yes
Attended
N.Y. trial
Ties to Proj. 2025 or AFPI
Yes
Ties
to Fox
Lobbyist
Stephen Miller
Potential role

White House deputy chief of staff

Role in
first term

Senior adviser

Billionare
Major donor
Hosted M.A.L.
event(s)
Attended
N.Y. trial
Ties to Proj. 2025 or AFPI
Ties
to Fox
Lobbyist
Elon Musk
Potential role

Co-lead, government efficiency

Role in
first term

Member of Great American Economic Revival industry group

Billionare
Yes
Major donor
Yes
Hosted M.A.L.
event(s)
Attended
N.Y. trial
Ties to Proj. 2025 or AFPI
Ties
to Fox
Lobbyist
Janette Nesheiwat
Potential role

U.S. surgeon general

Role in
first term

Billionare
Major donor
Hosted M.A.L.
event(s)
Attended
N.Y. trial
Ties to Proj. 2025 or AFPI
Ties
to Fox
Yes
Lobbyist
Kristi Noem
Potential role

Homeland security secretary

Role in
first term

Advertisement
Billionare
Major donor
Hosted M.A.L.
event(s)
Yes
Attended
N.Y. trial
Ties to Proj. 2025 or AFPI
Ties
to Fox
Lobbyist
Jim O’Neill
Potential role

Deputy secretary of health and human services

Role in
first term

Billionare
Major donor
Hosted M.A.L.
event(s)
Attended
N.Y. trial
Ties to Proj. 2025 or AFPI
Ties
to Fox
Lobbyist
Mehmet Oz
Potential role

Medicare and Medicaid administrator

Role in
first term

Member of president’s council on sports, fitness and nutrition

Billionare
Major donor
Hosted M.A.L.
event(s)
Attended
N.Y. trial
Ties to Proj. 2025 or AFPI
Ties
to Fox
Lobbyist
Kash Patel
Potential role

F.B.I. director

Role in
first term

Chief of staff to acting defense secretary

Billionare
Major donor
Hosted M.A.L.
event(s)
Attended
N.Y. trial
Yes
Ties to Proj. 2025 or AFPI
Yes
Ties
to Fox
Lobbyist
John Phelan
Potential role

Navy secretary

Role in
first term

Billionare
Major donor
Yes
Hosted M.A.L.
event(s)
Attended
N.Y. trial
Ties to Proj. 2025 or AFPI
Ties
to Fox
Lobbyist
Matt Brasseaux
Potential role

White House political affairs director

Role in
first term

Advertisement
Billionare
Major donor
Hosted M.A.L.
event(s)
Attended
N.Y. trial
Ties to Proj. 2025 or AFPI
Ties
to Fox
Lobbyist
Vivek Ramaswamy
Potential role

Co-lead, government efficiency

Role in
first term

Billionare
Yes
Major donor
Hosted M.A.L.
event(s)
Yes
Attended
N.Y. trial
Yes
Ties to Proj. 2025 or AFPI
Ties
to Fox
Yes
Lobbyist
John Ratcliffe
Potential role

C.I.A. director

Role in
first term

Director of national intelligence

Billionare
Major donor
Hosted M.A.L.
event(s)
Attended
N.Y. trial
Ties to Proj. 2025 or AFPI
Yes
Ties
to Fox
Lobbyist
Brooke Rollins
Potential role

Agriculture secretary

Role in
first term

Acting domestic policy adviser

Billionare
Major donor
Hosted M.A.L.
event(s)
Yes
Attended
N.Y. trial
Ties to Proj. 2025 or AFPI
Yes
Ties
to Fox
Lobbyist
Marco Rubio
Potential role

Secretary of state

Role in
first term

Billionare
Major donor
Hosted M.A.L.
event(s)
Yes
Attended
N.Y. trial
Ties to Proj. 2025 or AFPI
Ties
to Fox
Lobbyist
D. John Sauer
Potential role

U.S. solicitor general

Role in
first term

Advertisement
Billionare
Major donor
Hosted M.A.L.
event(s)
Attended
N.Y. trial
Ties to Proj. 2025 or AFPI
Ties
to Fox
Lobbyist
Dan Scavino
Potential role

White House deputy chief of staff

Role in
first term

White House deputy chief of staff

Billionare
Major donor
Hosted M.A.L.
event(s)
Attended
N.Y. trial
Yes
Ties to Proj. 2025 or AFPI
Ties
to Fox
Lobbyist
Will Scharf
Potential role

White House staff secretary

Role in
first term

Billionare
Major donor
Hosted M.A.L.
event(s)
Attended
N.Y. trial
Ties to Proj. 2025 or AFPI
Ties
to Fox
Lobbyist
Elise Stefanik
Potential role

U.N. ambassador

Role in
first term

Billionare
Major donor
Hosted M.A.L.
event(s)
Yes
Attended
N.Y. trial
Ties to Proj. 2025 or AFPI
Ties
to Fox
Lobbyist
Scott Turner
Potential role

Housing and urban development secretary

Role in
first term

Executive director of White House opportunity and revitalization council

Billionare
Major donor
Hosted M.A.L.
event(s)
Attended
N.Y. trial
Ties to Proj. 2025 or AFPI
Yes
Ties
to Fox
Lobbyist
JD Vance
Potential role

Vice president

Role in
first term

Advertisement
Billionare
Major donor
Hosted M.A.L.
event(s)
Attended
N.Y. trial
Yes
Ties to Proj. 2025 or AFPI
Ties
to Fox
Lobbyist
Russell T. Vought
Potential role

Office of Management and Budget director

Role in
first term

Office of Management and Budget director

Billionare
Major donor
Hosted M.A.L.
event(s)
Attended
N.Y. trial
Ties to Proj. 2025 or AFPI
Yes
Ties
to Fox
Lobbyist
Michael Waltz
Potential role

National security adviser

Role in
first term

Billionare
Major donor
Hosted M.A.L.
event(s)
Yes
Attended
N.Y. trial
Yes
Ties to Proj. 2025 or AFPI
Ties
to Fox
Yes
Lobbyist
Dave Weldon
Potential role

C.D.C. director

Role in
first term

Billionare
Major donor
Hosted M.A.L.
event(s)
Attended
N.Y. trial
Ties to Proj. 2025 or AFPI
Ties
to Fox
Lobbyist
Matthew Whitaker
Potential role

NATO ambassador

Role in
first term

Acting attorney general

Billionare
Major donor
Hosted M.A.L.
event(s)
Yes
Attended
N.Y. trial
Yes
Ties to Proj. 2025 or AFPI
Yes
Ties
to Fox
Lobbyist
Yes
Susie Wiles
Potential role

White House chief of staff

Role in
first term

Advertisement
Billionare
Major donor
Hosted M.A.L.
event(s)
Attended
N.Y. trial
Yes
Ties to Proj. 2025 or AFPI
Ties
to Fox
Lobbyist
Yes
Steven Witkoff
Potential role

Middle East envoy

Role in
first term

Member of Great American Economic Revival industry group

Billionare
Yes
Major donor
Yes
Hosted M.A.L.
event(s)
Attended
N.Y. trial
Ties to Proj. 2025 or AFPI
Ties
to Fox
Lobbyist
Alex Wong
Potential role

Assistant to the president and principal deputy national security adviser

Role in
first term

Deputy special representative for North Korea

Billionare
Major donor
Hosted M.A.L.
event(s)
Attended
N.Y. trial
Ties to Proj. 2025 or AFPI
Ties
to Fox
Lobbyist
Yes
Chris Wright
Potential role

Energy secretary

Role in
first term

Billionare
Major donor
Yes
Hosted M.A.L.
event(s)
Attended
N.Y. trial
Ties to Proj. 2025 or AFPI
Ties
to Fox
Lobbyist
Lee Zeldin
Potential role

E.P.A. administrator

Role in
first term

Billionare
Major donor
Hosted M.A.L.
event(s)
Yes
Attended
N.Y. trial
Ties to Proj. 2025 or AFPI
Yes
Ties
to Fox
Lobbyist

Methodology

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This list reflects 61 cabinet and senior-level position picks that Mr. Trump had announced as of noon Eastern on Dec. 2.

To determine ties to Project 2025, The Times checked Mr. Trump’s proposed staff members against the authors, editors and contributors to the Project 2025 playbook, as well as the instructor lists in Project 2025’s training programs. Ties to the America First Policy Institute were determined by whether an individual had a listed role on the conservative group’s website or has served as a fellow for the group.

To determine ties to Fox News, The Times searched for each staff pick on Fox’s website, which lists individuals’ affiliations with Fox News. In instances where a biographical page was not available for a nominee, The Times attempted a further search on the Internet Archive and consulted news articles that described other relationships between the potential nominees and appointees and Fox News. In many cases, nominees had a presence on the Fox News website in the form of submitted opinion articles, but were not described as Fox contributors, so The Times did not classify them as being tied to Fox directly.

Accounts by Times reporters and photographers who covered Mr. Trump’s trial in New York were used to determine whether one of Mr. Trump’s picks attended the trial.

Those labeled billionaires have been referred to as such in other Times coverage.

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Major donors include people who gave at least $250,000 to support Mr. Trump during the 2024 election cycle.

The Times used congressional lobbying disclosure databases to determine whether an individual is or has ever been a registered lobbyist.

To determine whether one of Mr. Trump’s picks hosted or co-hosted an event at Mar-a-Lago, The Times used permits from the town of Palm Beach; federal, state and county campaign finance records; tax records; social media posts; and promotional materials from organizations that held events.

The Times used the official White House archive from the first Trump administration to determine whether people selected for the second administration also served in the first. Some held multiple positions during the course of the administration. In most cases, the chart reflects the last position they held.

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‘Shadow government’: Trump claims intel community bragged about hiding Chinese meddling

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‘Shadow government’: Trump claims intel community bragged about hiding Chinese meddling

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President Donald Trump accused members of the U.S. intelligence community Thursday night of operating a “shadow government” to allegedly conceal evidence of China’s efforts to influence U.S. elections, seizing on newly declassified emails that he says reveal a bitter internal dispute about how Beijing’s activities should be characterized.

Trump did not claim China changed votes or altered election results. Instead, he argued Beijing engaged in an influence campaign aimed at shaping U.S. public perceptions.

Trump claimed intelligence officials kept significant reporting out of his presidential briefings and highlighted an email in which a National Security Agency analyst allegedly wrote, “We have deliberately massaged our one pending (presidential daily brief) to avoid any direct links to the election.”

TRUMP RELEASES DECLASSIFIED ELECTION INTELLIGENCE, SAYS IT REVEALS ‘SHOCKING VULNERABILITIES’

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“Those responsible for sounding the alarm instead kept the information secret and hidden,” Trump claimed. “They did not disclose (it) to me as president or to anyone else.”

Trump gives an address to the nation about elections on July 16, 2026.  (Saul Loeb/Pool via Reuters)

Trump used the disclosures to press Congress to pass the SAVE America Act, casting the newly released intelligence as evidence that lawmakers must tighten federal election rules before the midterms.

“Most importantly, addressing this crisis of election security demands that Congress must pass the SAVE America Act,” Trump said. “These reforms are urgently needed to stop the vulnerabilities that I’ve mentioned.”

The SAVE America Act passed the House in February but stalled in the Senate in March, when a 53–47 vote fell short of the 60 votes needed to advance it. Trump urged Americans to call their senators and representatives and demand its passage “without delay.”

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President Donald Trump used the disclosures to press Congress to pass the SAVE America Act, casting the newly released intelligence as evidence that lawmakers must tighten federal election rules before the midterms. (Kylie Cooper/Reuters )

REPUBLICAN SAYS TRUMP’S TOP ELECTION PRIORITY ‘DEAD’ IN SENATE AS GOP FRACTURES AHEAD OF MIDTERMS

The legislation would require documentary proof of citizenship to register for federal elections, photo identification to vote and ongoing state efforts to identify and remove noncitizens from voter rolls. Absentee voters would be required to submit a copy of an eligible photo ID when requesting a ballot and again when returning it.

Trump also called for eliminating mail-in voting except in cases of illness, disability, military deployment or travel. The current text of the SAVE America Act does not include that prohibition — it permits absentee voting subject to identification requirements.

Trump urged Americans to call their representatives and demand the bill’s passage “without delay.”

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The newly released emails show that analysts disagreed over whether any alleged Chinese influence operations and intelligence collection should be explicitly linked to elections. After the NSA analyst described “massaging” the President’s Daily Brief, other intelligence officials questioned the decision, with one writing that “the mind boggles” and another calling the approach “highly irregular.”

Sen. Mark Warner, D-Va., said in response to the address: “Americans heard the president once again repeat claims about our elections that have been investigated for years and repeatedly rejected by the Intelligence Community.”

One official alleged the intelligence community was “deliberately avoiding mentioning a connection to elections for non-substantive reasons,” according to a November 2020 email. That official sought to reconnect the intelligence to the election-security assessment and prevent what another described as an “analytic objectivity mistake.”

The documents, however, do not establish Trump’s broader allegation of a politically motivated conspiracy. Instead, they portray competing intelligence assessments over whether China’s actions amounted to an effort to influence the presidential contest or a broader campaign focused on U.S. policies, public opinion and issues important to Beijing.

Trump went further Thursday, claiming an FBI official wrote that she was running a “shadow government” to prevent the China intelligence from becoming public.

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China denied any interference in U.S. elections.

“China has all along adhered to the principle of non-interference in other’s internal affairs,” Chinese embassy spokesperson  Liu Chang told Fox News Digital. “The U.S. election is an internal matter of the U.S. Its outcome is determined by the votes of the American people. China has never and will never interfere in the presidential elections of the U.S.” 

Trump is still expected to meet with Chinese President Xi Jinping in September, a senior White House official told Fox News. 

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Trump directed the Office of the Director of National Intelligence, Justice Department, FBI and CIA Thursday to investigate why the intelligence was withheld, fire anyone found to have participated in a cover-up and pursue criminal charges “if appropriate.”

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Sen. Mark Warner, D-Va., said in response to the address: “Americans heard the president once again repeat claims about our elections that have been investigated for years and repeatedly rejected by the Intelligence Community.”

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Trump repeats debunked claims about voting vulnerabilities in prime-time speech

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Trump repeats debunked claims about voting vulnerabilities in prime-time speech

President Trump used a rare prime-time address Thursday night to renew his attacks on the security of U.S. elections, telling Americans that the nation’s voting system is “so broken” that “no one can possibly defend it,” a striking effort by a sitting president to undermine public confidence in domestic elections.

Trump asserted that the U.S. election system was “dangerously” exposed to potential foreign hacking, including by China, and said he had directed the White House to release a tranche of heavily redacted documents that purport to show “vulnerabilities” in the nation’s voting system.

But many of his claims, which echo his assertions after losing the 2020 election, have been debunked by investigations, audits or court proceedings. His warnings that the nation’s elections could be vulnerable to foreign influence have long been made by members of both parties, and he made no claims Thursday that foreign actors had changed vote counts or hacked election systems.

Trump amplified his assertions in an apparent effort to cast fresh doubt over what he said was a “stolen” and “rigged” election and renew calls for Congress to pass a federal voting law ahead of the November election.

“This evidence shows that the election system we have dangerously exposes and really exposes levels never thought possible to hacking, exploitation, and foreign interference,” Trump claimed.

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The 26-minute address to the nation — a platform traditionally reserved for rare moments of national importance — comes after a series of steps by Trump in his second term to assert more federal control over elections before the November midterm elections, which are less than four months away.

Last week, Trump fired all remaining members of the bipartisan U.S. Elections Assistance Commission, a federal agency that helps states improve their voting systems and distributed election security grants to help protect state elections from foreign and domestic cyberattacks, among other things.

The Justice Department has also attempted to force states to turn over their voter rolls, an effort that more than a dozen courts have now ruled against, and said it would send election monitors to some states. Trump claimed states are refusing to turn over their voter rolls because he alleged noncitizens are registered to vote in their elections.

The president used California, a favorite target, to hint that Democrats were cheating. He cast doubt on California’s vote count in June’s primary election, saying, “It took a month to count the votes. I wonder what they were doing.”

The state’s vote count takes multiple weeks under the current system; it is not a sign of fraud.

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Trump delivered the address with his approval rating stagnating at 37%, according to a Washington Post-Ipsos poll released Thursday, and with weakening enthusiasm among Republicans.

Democrats swiftly condemned Trump’s claims as baseless and a rehash of ideas that have little to do with actual election administration.

“Donald Trump is releasing unverified, meaningless documents to appease his own delusions about an election he lost resoundingly, all while continuing to withhold 3 million pages of the Epstein files,” Senate Minority Leader Chuck Schumer said on X.

Multiple reviews of the 2020 election have concluded that Joe Biden won legitimately, and election experts say there is no evidence that widespread fraud affected the outcome of the election. Trump’s own attorney general in his first term, William Barr, said at the time that his department found no evidence of widespread voter fraud that could have changed the outcome of the election.

“It’s been more than half a decade, with numerous audits, recounts, and more than 60 court cases, each finding no evidence of widespread voter fraud,” Sen. Alex Padilla (D-Calif.) said of the 2020 election in a statement. “Clearly, this is no longer about an election Donald Trump lost six years ago. It’s about him laying the groundwork to try to ‘take over the voting’ in the upcoming midterm elections.”

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Sue Gordon, who served as principal deputy director of national intelligence during Trump’s first term, said most of the data Trump will release has already been assessed by the intelligence community.

“Since 2016, the intelligence community has been saying that foreign actors intended to influence our election for the purpose of undermining democracy — not undermining a president, undermining democracy,” Gordon told CNN’s Kaitlan Collins after the address.

“This is not a new threat. It was one he certainly knew of. He had an entire term to deal with it,” Gordon said, “and I don’t know how you can believe that the same community who told him about it … then somehow didn’t tell him about further attempts.”

Major broadcast networks declined to air Trump’s speech in full, instead reporting on it. Trump complained about NBC and ABC as he spoke, saying they should lose their broadcasting licenses. He falsely claimed that “they and others in the media are part of a plot” to “continue this fraud.”

In his remarks, Trump alleged China carried out what is believed to be the “largest compromise of election data history” starting during the 2020 election cycle and claimed that “members of the deep state” in the American intelligence community covered it up.

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Trump said China had accessed voter data of 220 million people in 18 states, but that information is generally publicly available and does not contain information that would allow a bad actor to change votes or hack into an election system.

He directed the FBI, the director of national intelligence and other agencies led by some of his loyalists to investigate and prosecute the people responsible for the alleged cover-up.

Foreign adversaries have made known attempts to influence election outcomes, but there is no evidence that adversaries have ever breached voting systems or altered votes, something that would be extraordinarily difficult to do without notice, elections experts told The Times this week.

Trump did not mention Russia, which has made attempts to influence U.S. elections through social media or disinformation. In 2016, Russia interfered in the presidential election in an attempt to sway the contest in Trump’s favor, multiple U.S. assessments found in the years following the election.

China was not found to have interfered with election processes or infrastructure in an intelligence report released in March 2021, and the information Trump provided Thursday did not appear to contradict that.

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The idea that China may have attempted to influence voters via social media or public statements is not new. In April 2020, an intelligence assessment determined that Chinese intelligence officials analyzed voter registration data from multiple states, according to a report that was declassified in 2022.

After the 2020 election, whether China attempted influence was the subject of debate. The intelligence report concluded it had only considered trying to influence voters, but the national intelligence officer for cyber issues took a “minority view” in the report, assessing that China took “at least some steps to undermine” Trump’s reelection chance.

“Trump’s shocking ‘bombshells’ about China are totally bogus,” Sen. Mark Warner (D-Va.), vice chairman of the Senate Intelligence Committee, said on X. “The fact is our intelligence agencies unanimously agreed that China did not even try to change a single vote in the 2020 election.”

Obtaining a list of voter data alone does not enable someone to change votes, said David Becker, executive director of the nonpartisan Center for Election Innovation and Research. The data are largely public and often used by campaigns and researchers; a bad actor would have to take further steps to affect an election.

“If anyone got into our voter databases and altered data on a scale that could change the election outcome, it would be obvious … because we would get reports of tens or hundreds of thousands of people having trouble voting,” Becker said.

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The president also used the address to pressure Republican lawmakers to pass a voter ID law that has stalled in Congress and that voting rights advocates have warned could make it harder for millions of Americans to register to vote or cast a ballot. Democrats oppose the legislation, but it also has not gained enough support among Senate Republicans to pass.

“Addressing this crisis of elections security demands that Congress will pass the SAVE America Act,” Trump said. “How easy is that to do? Unless you want to cheat.”

Some congressional Republicans praised Trump on social media and echoed his claims to pass the legislation.

“It is more important than ever to crush foreign election interference,” Rep. Mike Lee (R-Utah) said on X. “It is more important than ever to pass the SAVE AMERICA ACT.”

Ahead of the speech, elections and democracy experts had cautioned that the president may attempt to sow doubt about the security of the nation’s election system or bolster debunked fraud claims.

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Some experts said Thursday’s address could be interpreted as a sign that Trump is running out of moves in the lead-up to the midterm elections, where Republican control of the House is at stake.

“The fact that they’re throwing everything up on the walls at this point demonstrates panic,” Becker said. “They are not operating from strength right now. They are operating from weakness.”

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Inside Trump’s Swift Construction of a White House Helipad

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Inside Trump’s Swift Construction of a White House Helipad

President Trump, a former real estate mogul who knows a few things about construction projects, says there is “no harder zoning thing to get” than a helipad. But he is building one at the White House, and building it fast.

Such projects usually require a developer to navigate a complex web of zoning laws, airspace regulations and environmental impact studies, while negotiating with town councils and fighting off community pushback. Construction at the White House can often face additional hurdles.

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But Mr. Trump has encountered no such difficulties as he quickly proceeds with construction of a black granite helipad on the South Lawn. He has not asked Congress or any review panel, such as the Commission of Fine Arts, to approve the project.

Past presidents have involved Congress and review panels in changes to the White House grounds, though Mr. Trump has asserted that he has the right to undertake major construction projects, such as a new 90,000-square-foot ballroom, without congressional approval. That project is currently the subject of litigation.

A White House spokesman said in an email that “operational upgrades to the White House grounds, such as the helipad installation, do not require commission reviews.”

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Workers at the construction site of the new helipad on July 15. Salwan Georges for The New York Times

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Work on the helipad — which will be 100 feet in diameter and feature a presidential seal — started last month, shortly after a makeshift stadium built to host an Ultimate Fighting Championship fight significantly damaged the South Lawn.

Dana White, the U.F.C. president, said that his organization had set aside $700,000 to repair the lawn after the June 14 event. But Mr. Trump instead decided to forge ahead immediately with a helipad he had long wanted.

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Before any construction started. Doug Mills/The New York Times

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The U.F.C. stage being set up. Mark Schiefelbein/Associated Press

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The U.F.C. stage, fully assembled. Pool photo by Win McNamee

The helipad as work was underway. Annabelle Gordon/Reuters

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Why Trump is building a helipad

The helipad would allow Mr. Trump to use the latest generation of Sikorsky helicopters as Marine One on White House grounds — a move multiple administrations had avoided because the new, more powerful helicopters were likely to damage the South Lawn during landing.

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The Navy began the search in 2010 for helicopters to replace the two models that have been used to transport the president and vice president for more than four decades — the VH-3D and the VH-60N. It purchased 23 VH-92A helicopters, including two test aircraft, at about $215 million apiece, with a total cost estimated at $5 billion, according to the Government Accountability Office.

Sources: U.S. Navy, Lockheed Martin and the Naval Helicopter Association Historical Society. The New York Times

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The new helicopters are produced by Sikorsky, a subsidiary of Lockheed Martin, which is building the helipad as a donation. They joined the fleet between 2014 and 2021 and underwent a period of testing. The new generation of helicopters has occasionally been known to scorch the grass with engine exhaust while landing — an issue found during a training session in September 2018.

President Joseph R. Biden Jr. was the first president to fly on a VH-92A, on his way to the Democratic National Convention in Chicago in August 2024. But no new helicopter has yet transported a president to and from the South Lawn.

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Marine One landed on the South Lawn grass for decades, and portable aluminum pads were rolled out to catch the wheels.

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A worker placing a landing pad on the South Lawn. Nicholas Kamm/Agence France-Presse

Pilots maneuver to land the wheels on the pads. PHC C.M. Fitzpatrick, via National Archives

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Mr. Trump said the new helicopters were “more powerful than the old ones. And when you land on the grass, it’s not that the grass gets discolored, it gets ripped out.”

The VH-92A has two engines with more than three times the capacity of those of the VH-3D, the current Marine One model, pushing more heat to the ground.

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Sources: U. S. Army Aeroflightdynamics Directorate and Lockheed Martin. The New York Times

Lockheed Martin, a major defense contractor, is paying for the helipad project, which Mr. Trump estimated would cost between $5 million and $6 million.

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“They didn’t tell us how powerful these helicopters were, and they felt a little bit guilty,” Mr. Trump said.

According to a spokesperson for Lockheed Martin, the company has a “long history of supporting projects in both the Washington, D.C., area and across the country. This specific contribution was made to the National Park Service. Our engagement with the federal government is guided by rigorous ethics and compliance standards and conducted in full accordance with all applicable laws and regulations.”

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More red tape for a Mar-a-Lago helipad

Mr. Trump is also trying to build a helipad at his Mar-a-Lago resort in Palm Beach, Fla. But that project is moving much more slowly than the one at the White House.

The Mar-a-Lago project has been the subject of local historic preservation commission review, multiple public hearings, negotiations with town lawyers and votes by the Town Council.

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Because Mar-a-Lago is a historic property, any changes there must be approved by the Palm Beach Landmarks Preservation Commission, said Joanne O’Connor, the town attorney for Palm Beach.

Mr. Trump had installed a helipad at the resort during his first administration, but it was dismantled after he left office.

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Marine One landing at Mar-a-Lago in 2019. Alamy

The town is allowing Mr. Trump to build a new helipad at Mar-a-Lago but has placed limits on its use after his presidency. Any helicopter trips to or from Mar-a-Lago after he leaves office can be carried out only if approved by the Secret Service and in the event of an emergency, Ms. O’Connor said. The helipad cannot be used, for instance, to facilitate a golf outing.

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“The concern was balancing the health, safety and welfare of the president with the interests of the town residents and the quiet enjoyment of their residential property,” Ms. O’Connor said.

No such review is taking place for the changes Mr. Trump is making at the White House.

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Mr. Trump spoke recently about the difficulty most people encounter when trying to have helipads approved at their properties.

“I always was lucky, I always got helipads,” he said in remarks from the Oval Office. “Other people don’t. Very hard to get. The hardest thing to get is a helipad, OK?”

The South Lawn’s future

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The helipad would significantly reshape the South Lawn, which has historically hosted events and ceremonies, including the annual White House Easter Egg Roll.

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An orchestra playing on the South Lawn. Robert Knudsen/The White House, via John F. Kennedy Presidential Library and Museum

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President Gerald Ford welcoming Queen Elizabeth II. Gerald R. Ford Presidential Library, via National Archives

A ceremony during the Obama administration commemorating the Sept. 11 attacks. Stephen Crowley/The New York Times.

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Children participating in a White House Easter Egg Roll hosted by President Trump. Haiyun Jiang for The New York Times

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A White House official said events on the South Lawn would not be affected by the new helipad and would continue as usual.

“It can be used for other things when helicopters aren’t landing,” Mr. Trump said this month. “You can have other things out there like events. You could have news conferences literally on it because it’s the right size. So by doing this, we solved the problem, and we’ll be able to finally retire 45-year-old helicopters.”

Previous administrations have prioritized preservation of the White House property over permanent changes to the South Lawn. During the Biden administration, building a helipad was not high on the president’s priority list, said Andrew Bates, who served as a White House spokesman.

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