Massachusetts
580,000 in Massachusetts live in ‘pharmacy deserts,’ new report shows – The Boston Globe
Pharmacy shortages can be detrimental to both customers and the broader health system. Pharmacy closures are associated with older adults skipping heart medications and increased use of hospital and emergency department services.
“Without access to this source of care, residents may turn to higher-cost care settings like emergency departments, which further burdens our health care workforce, drives up spending, and leads to worse health outcomes,” David Seltz, executive director of the Health Policy Commission, said in a statement. “It is imperative for the Commonwealth to increase and sustain pharmacy access.”
The loss of nearby pharmacies affects access not only to drugs, but also to primary care. In Massachusetts, where the shortage of primary care providers has become acute, pharmacists can step in to provide some services, including administering vaccines.
Under contracts with prescribers called Collaborative Practice Agreements, pharmacists can answer patients’ questions, order labs, and even adjust medication doses, said Dr. Kaley Hayes, associate director of pharmacoepidemiology at Brown University’s Center for Gerontology and Healthcare Research.
“We are living in a very strained system that is getting more strained by the day, and we are running out of levers to pull to make sure that people still have access to care,” Hayes said. “Pharmacy deserts compound that issue by removing one more health care professional.”
Since 2019, the number of pharmacies in Massachusetts has shrunk by nearly 200, or about 17 percent. Small chain and independent drug stores and pharmacies operating in grocery stores saw the highest proportions of losses.
Some of the hit to independent pharmacies can be blamed on the consolidation of retail pharmacy chains and pharmacy benefit managers, the middlemen that negotiate drug costs between insurers and pharmacies, the Health Policy Commission said.
The report pointed to mergers, such as the 2007 combination of CVS and pharmacy benefit manager Caremark, as disadvantaging smaller pharmacies, since Caremark could give CVS preferred prices and steer customers to the large chain.
CVS and Walgreens are also cutting back, as they come under pressure from pharmacy benefit managers to control drug costs and retail profits decline. The number of Massachusetts stores owned by large chains fell to 578 from 630 to over the past year, according to the report.
The Health Policy Commission considered several factors in defining pharmacy deserts. Rural areas were considered a desert if they did not have a pharmacy within five miles. Urban areas were considered a desert if they lacked a pharmacy within one mile. Those distances were halved for areas with below-average vehicle ownership or more than 20 percent of households sitting below the federal poverty level.
Overall, the Health Policy Commission found that pharmacy deserts tended to be in neighborhoods with lower population density and a slightly higher proportion of residents over the age of 65.
New pharmacy deserts are appearing in Massachusetts’ largest cities. Springfield, for example, added six new deserts, while New Bedford added five.
Worcester was able to rid of two pharmacy deserts, but six others appeared after drug stores closed. Boston removed two pharmacy deserts, but five others popped up.
The report is the first by the Health Policy Commission to specifically evaluate pharmacy deserts. The next phase of the research will focus on understanding the factors that contribute to pharmacy closures, said Yue Huang, associate director for the Office of Pharmaceutical Policy and Analysis at the commission.
Huang said that different types of pharmacies face different kinds financial pressures and incentives, which her team is considering as they evaluate ways to combat the creation of deserts.
“It’s important that when we’re thinking about potential policy recommendations, we avoid painting with broad strokes,” Huang said.
Marin Wolf can be reached at marin.wolf@globe.com.
Two Plymouth, Massachusetts teens were saved from the summit of Mount Washington after a leg injury stranded them.
Khang Nguyen,17, said he and his friend, 18-year-old Vaughn Webb, thought they were well prepared for their hike on Saturday. They brought trekking poles, layers, microspikes for their boots and more.
But halfway up the trail, Nguyen feared the worst when his leg began to hurt.
“It was just incredibly painful to lift up my right leg,” he explained. “I told [Vaughn] to leave me behind so I could go on my own pace and for him to reach the summit to get help at first.”
The pair managed to reach the top of the mountain but had to seek shelter next to a building as wind gusts increased, and the air temperature reached 38 degrees. Nguyen said they also ran out of food and water. The New Hampshire Fish and Game Department received the 911 call around 7:30 p.m. and quickly alerted a State Park employee who began to search for the two teens.
“Conservation Officers then began responding in four-wheel-drive pickup trucks to try and get to the summit and back ahead of incoming snow,” the game department said in a statement.
After around 30 minutes of reaching both Webb and Nguyen were found. They were taken inside a building and Nguyen was being treated for his injury.
“The worker that was up there, [said] that they came in record time, and we appreciate their help a lot. It saved our lives potentially,” Nguyen explained.
The pair was successfully taken off the mountain by 10 p.m. The two teens are now safely back in Massachusetts and are incredibly grateful to their rescuers.
As libraries across western Massachusetts celebrate National Library Week from April 19 to April 25, they are honoring “the last real third space where everyone is welcome,” in the words of Greenfield Public Library Assistant Director Lisa Prolman.
According to the American Library Association, National Library Week is “an annual celebration highlighting the valuable role libraries and library professionals play in transforming lives and strengthening our communities.” This year, several libraries in the region will be hosting events to highlight the roles they play in their communities.
The Athol Public Library is among the venues engaging in National Library Week festivities, with a whole host of events starting on Tuesday, April 21, with Silly Goose Story Time at 10:30 a.m. The library will hold multiple events each day, including “Free Book Friday” on April 24, which Assistant Director Robin Shtulman said is “really fantastic.”
Shtulman said the week celebrates and emphasizes the “freedom to read, community outreach and celebrating the staff, without whom nothing would happen.”
The Athol Public Library said in an event announcement that “whatever brings you joy, the library has something for everyone,” and that aspect is being emphasized this National Library Week. To name a few of the events on tap, on Tuesday, April 21, from 3:30 to 5:30 p.m., there’s a volunteer opportunity where teens will make greeting cards for senior citizens; “A Minecraft Movie” will be shown at the same date and time; and on Thursday, April 23, the library will host Scavenger Hunt Bingo for all ages. For a full list of events at the Athol Public Library, visit atholpubliclibrary.com.
In Shelburne Falls, the Arms Library will feature a gallery from the Carlos Heiligmann Collection, a series of photos of public libraries across western Massachusetts. Also in collaboration with the Arms Library, Pothole Pictures and the Shelburne Falls Area Women’s Club will partner for a screening of “Free For All: The Public Library” on Saturday, April 25, at 2 p.m. at the Shelburne Falls Theater at Memorial Hall.
The documentary focuses on the evolution of the public library from its origins in the 19th century and the challenges it faces today, with modern-day issues such as book bans, funding cuts and debates over censorship.
It also explores the role that women’s clubs, like the one in Shelburne Falls, played in creating the modern library system. To serve their communities, women’s clubs took the lead in fundraising, collecting books and advocating for library legislation.
“Our women’s club in this town started with a group of 60 women who were gathering for lessons. … Because of the support of women in the U.S., we established over 80% of the public libraries [in the country],” said Christin Couture, program chair for the Shelburne Falls Area Women’s Club. “This film … I hear it’s so fascinating.”
Following the film’s screening, there will be a panel of local librarians who will engage in “lively conversation” about the history and future of public libraries. Tickets are $6, though school-age children will be admitted for free.
In Charlemont, Tyler Memorial Library will host an open house on Saturday, April 25, from noon to 2 p.m. featuring refreshments, a tour of the library and sun catcher crafting.
The Greenfield Public Library, meanwhile, is taking National Library Week in a bit of a different direction, as it is offering a book repair demonstration with Tom Hutcheson on Thursday, April 23, at 3:30 p.m. The day marks William Shakespeare’s birthday.
Although the book repair session required registration and is currently full, those who are interested may be placed on a waiting list at greenfieldpl.libcal.com/event/16460179.
Greenfield Public Library Director Anna Bognolo recognized the hard work that everyone has put into making the library a success, offering a “huge thank you” to the volunteers and staff who make its varied offerings possible.
“Stop by and support your library,” Bognolo said.
“Libraries, especially in this economy, are more important than ever,” Prolman said. Referencing the library’s role as a place where community members can go that is not work or home, she added, “They are the last real third space where everyone is welcome, and we don’t charge you for being here.”
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