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Instruction about race may be under siege across the US, but this course is empowering students at a Southern high school | CNN

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Instruction about race may be under siege across the US, but this course is empowering students at a Southern high school | CNN


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CNN
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Within the early 2000s, once I was a scholar at Ridge View Excessive College, in Columbia, South Carolina, I cherished to parse the legacies of sure historic figures: W.E.B. Du Bois, in AP US Historical past; Malcolm X, in AP English Language and Composition.

On the similar time, I wished extra. Too typically, Superior Placement curricula appeared to present consideration to only a handful of Black heavyweights and, consequently, neglect the numerous methods Black Individuals have formed US society. Solely hardly ever had been Black college students like me mirrored in classes. (I keep in mind studying about “A Raisin within the Solar,” Lorraine Hansberry’s jewel of a play a few Black household in south Chicago, from my mother and questioning, Why aren’t we learning this at school?)

However issues are starting to alter. Ridge View is one in all about 60 excessive faculties throughout the nation piloting AP African American Research in 2022. The interdisciplinary course would be the latest addition to the Faculty Board’s panoply of AP choices and delve into the historical past of the African continent and Black contributions to music, literature, science, politics and arithmetic, amongst different fields. Mere weeks into the pilot course, college students and college at Ridge View already see AP African American Research as one thing of a salve. The course arrives at a second when instruction about race is beneath siege: Academic gag orders abound, and “essential race concept” has change into a lightning rod for the appropriate.

Given the meager illustration I noticed as a highschool scholar, I used to be surprised – and thrilled – to study that Ridge View, which is majority Black, is piloting AP African American Research. It will’ve been so welcome, I believed, to see myself on this context, to probe questions of identification and inheritance.

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Plus, it’s no small factor to check out the course in South Carolina, which didn’t banish the Accomplice battle flag from statehouse grounds till 2015, within the heartrending aftermath of a White supremacist bloodbath.

The importance of the second isn’t misplaced on Ridge View college students.

“It actually makes me joyful to be on this class – to know that I’m part of historical past,” Nacala McDaniels, a senior, informed CNN.

In August, the Harvard College professor Henry Louis Gates Jr., one of many architects of the AP African American Research curriculum, confused the course’s academic worth.

“Nothing is extra dramatic than having the Faculty Board launch an AP course in a area – that signifies final acceptance and supreme educational legitimacy,” he informed Time journal. “It’s a mainstream, rigorously vetted, educational method to a vibrant area of research, one-half a century outdated within the American academy, and far older, in fact, in traditionally Black faculties and universities.”

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Like so many within the Ridge View group, McDaniels needs AP African American Research to assist not solely different Black college students however all college students change into well-versed in under-told histories and cultures and incubate significant discussions about race.

“I hope that the course shall be provided to different individuals who appear to be me and to different individuals who simply wish to find out about historical past that’s been coated up and historical past that’s been ignored,” she mentioned. “And I hope that the course makes room for extra dialog. A lot of individuals are scared to speak about race, however with extra dialog comes higher understanding.”

Excessive faculties had been hungry for an AP African American Research course for years. Nonetheless, when the Faculty Board requested universities a few decade in the past in the event that they’d give credit score for a corresponding examination, they mentioned no.

However the uprisings of 2020 triggered a long-overdue shift.

“The occasions surrounding George Floyd and the elevated consciousness and a focus paid towards problems with inequity and unfairness and brutality directed towards African Individuals triggered me to surprise, ‘Would faculties be extra receptive to an AP course on this self-discipline than they had been 10 years in the past?’” Trevor Packer, who heads the Faculty Board’s AP program, informed Time.

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Sure, was the reply.

Perhaps essentially the most thrilling factor about instructing AP African American Research is the truth that educators get to speak about folks, topics and slices of historical past college students don’t know a lot about, in keeping with Daniel Soderstrom, who leads the course at Ridge View.

“Over the previous few a long time, we, as a society, have completed a greater job of instructing Black historical past and African American Research. However I’d argue that many lecturers nonetheless fall quick,” he informed CNN. “What I imply is that our youngsters hear the identical tales yearly. And that’s to not diminish the contributions of Rosa Parks or Martin Luther King Jr. But when these are the one folks our college students are studying about at school, they’re lacking a whole lot of what’s actually there.”

The primary a part of the course examines early African kingdoms and a few of their foundational figures, together with Queen Nzinga of Ndongo, positioned in present-day Angola.

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“She was a really sturdy girl – a heroine – and fought on the entrance strains along with her troopers,” Soderstrom mentioned of Nzinga, celebrated for pushing again in opposition to Portuguese colonization and the commerce of enslaved folks in Central Africa within the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries. “However we are inclined to skip the tales of individuals from Africa.”

Thus far, the teachings look like resonating with the youngsters.

“I didn’t even know that there have been any queens in Africa in any time interval. Like, in any respect,” Ashton Walker, a junior, informed CNN. “We bought to find out about Queen Nzinga and Idia. They’re each very attention-grabbing as a result of they had been highly effective ladies leaders who did superb issues for his or her kingdoms.”

Walker, who’s White, sees AP African American Research as a way towards visibility for her Black friends, who get to be members of their historical past.

“It issues that we get to study all these items as a society. We don’t ever actually get to listen to about any of those figures or what they went via,” she mentioned. “And my (Black) classmates deserve to listen to this historical past. It’s superior that Ridge View is a majority-Black college and will get to assist create this course.”

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Her mom, Nicole Walker, who was concerned in bringing the pilot course to Ridge View and is the director of the varsity’s Students Academy Magnet for Enterprise and Legislation (she additionally was my ninth grade English instructor), echoed a few of these sentiments.

“We all know that what’s finest for teenagers is for them to see themselves mirrored within the curriculum, for them to have a good time their cultures, for them to really feel valued,” she informed CNN. “We all know {that a} child who feels protected and valued goes to do higher at school.”

Martin Luther King Jr. addresses crowds during the March On Washington, August 28, 1963.

Jacynth Tucker, a senior, is intimately aware of the ability of inclusivity. She mentioned that at a earlier college, she and different Black college students felt invisible.

“I can’t even keep in mind a time after we actually explored Africa – talked concerning the historical past and the tradition,” she informed CNN. “Being in a category the place that’s extra of a spotlight could be very particular to me.”

Additional, the course provides Black Individuals extra dimension, per Clementine Jordan, a senior.

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“One exercise I actually preferred was when our instructor confirmed us a collage and requested, ‘What do all these folks have in widespread?’” she informed CNN. “Their commonality was that they’re all Black. However the level of that dialogue was that, sure, they’re all Black, however there’s a lot range inside the Black group, inside my group: numerous religions, gender expressions, sexualities, issues like that.”

Crucially, Soderstrom famous that AP African American Research isn’t a standard-issue historical past course, although it proceeds in a comparatively chronological style and can finally make its method to the US.

“We’re learning Black excellence and African American success via artwork, via literature, via tradition, via dance, via arithmetic, via science, via lawyering,” he mentioned. “It’s attention-grabbing that someday we’re an artwork piece, the subsequent day we’re listening to music, the subsequent day we’re studying a poem after which the day after that we’re listening to a mathematician converse.”

In different phrases, whereas the course charts struggles – together with the mid-century civil rights motion – it additionally underscores Black excellence in quite a lot of disciplines.

It’s just about unimaginable to separate the debut of the AP African American Research pilot course from the Republican-led racial panic looming over many colleges.

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In keeping with an August evaluation by PEN America, a literary and free expression group, legislators in 36 states have launched 137 legal guidelines this yr limiting discussions about race, US historical past and gender in Ok-12 faculties and better training. This determine is a 250% improve over 2021.

And final month, the American Library Affiliation predicted that the variety of makes an attempt this yr to censor books in Ok-12 faculties, universities and public libraries grappling with race, gender and sexuality will exceed 2021’s report rely. The ALA tallied 681 makes an attempt between January 1 and August 31; the 2021 complete was 729.

These assaults search to find out what content material is and isn’t reputable in a tutorial context; they’re a part of a wider counter-mobilization in opposition to efforts to topple racial and social hierarchies.

“We’re not seeing completely different political conflicts. We’re seeing one large political battle – one large reactionary political challenge,” as Thomas Zimmer, a visiting professor at Georgetown College, the place his analysis focuses on the historical past of democracy and its discontents, informed CNN in July.

But Soderstrom minced no phrases: AP African American Research is an important course, no matter anybody’s political affiliation.

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“Henry Louis Gates Jr. is likely one of the senior minds after we’re speaking about American research and African American historical past. He was quoted just lately explaining that the course isn’t political,” Soderstrom mentioned. “We’re instructing factual info, and all the things is verifiable.”

Lylou, a sophomore, shared this conviction.

“I’m a White individual, and I wished to take this class as a result of I don’t know that a lot about Black historical past,” she informed CNN. “The course needs to be within the curriculum. As a result of why would we wish to ignore this historical past?”

(Lylou’s mom requested that her daughter’s final identify not be included, given the extraordinary political local weather hovering over classes about race within the US.)

The pilot course is anticipated to develop to incorporate further excessive faculties subsequent yr after which be obtainable to all faculties the next yr, per the Faculty Board.

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Ridge View children, for his or her half, appear wanting to see how the remainder of the yr unfolds.

“The category is a studying alternative for everyone. I take each interplay I’ve with anyone as a studying expertise,” McDaniels mentioned.

Then, mirroring the identical basic curiosity I had as a highschool scholar practically twenty years in the past, she added, “I’m simply excited to see what’s subsequent.”

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Shari Redstone ends talks with Skydance Media over deal to control Paramount

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Shari Redstone ends talks with Skydance Media over deal to control Paramount

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Shari Redstone has ended talks with Skydance Media over a deal that would have handed control of entertainment empire Paramount from her family to billionaire scion David Ellison.

The decision closes the books on talks with Ellison’s Skydance that have dragged on for months and left the future of Paramount hanging in the balance.

Skydance had offered about $2bn to acquire Redstone’s National Amusements (NAI), and then planned to merge Paramount into Ellison’s company through a stock deal.

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Skydance had offered to buy out about half of Paramount’s common shareholders at $15 a share, while also injecting about $1.5bn to help pay off the company’s debt.

NAI on Tuesday said the groups “have not been able to reach mutually acceptable terms” and that it “is grateful to Skydance for their months of work in pursuing this potential transaction”.

A Skydance representative did not immediately respond to a request for comment. Shares in Paramount closed down 8 per cent at $11.04 on the news, which was first reported by The Wall Street Journal.

Redstone’s decision came as a shock to Ellison’s camp, which included private equity backers RedBird and KKR, as the two sides appeared close to a deal in recent weeks.

Paramount’s special committee, which was in charge of representing the interests of all of the media company’s shareholders, including those without voting rights, supported the bid in a non-binding endorsement earlier this month, said people briefed about the matter.

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Redstone changed her mind in recent days, in part because Skydance lowered the amount of cash that would have gone to holding company NAI as it increased the payout to other shareholders, said a person close to her.

People close to Redstone added they were baffled by her decision to pull the plug. These people added the Ellison consortium had agreed to “pretty much” everything NAI and Paramount had asked for over multiple months of negotiations.

Redstone is now weighing potential offers from other suitors.

Billionaire Edgar Bronfman Jr, the heir of the Seagram drinks business, has signalled his interest in acquiring NAI for more than $2bn, according to two people familiar with the matter. His bid is backed by private equity group Bain. But that group would require weeks to complete due diligence before making a formal offer, these people cautioned.

Redstone has also received interest from film producer Steven Paul, one person said.

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However, one person involved in the discussions said there was no real alternative to Skydance’s at the moment.

NAI controls about 80 per cent of Paramount’s voting rights despite only owning about 10 per cent of the company’s shares. Whoever buys NAI could technically control Paramount without having to buy the entire company, although non-voting shareholders could challenge such a move in the courts.

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Virginia NAACP sues school board that restored Confederate names

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Virginia NAACP sues school board that restored Confederate names

A new lawsuit seeks to prevent Mountain View High School in western Virginia from going back to its former name, Stonewall Jackson High School. The Shenandoah County School Board voted in May to restore the Confederate general’s name to the school.

Google Maps/Screenshot by NPR


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Google Maps/Screenshot by NPR

Mountain View High School will soon be known by its former name, Stonewall Jackson High School. The Shenandoah County School Board voted 5-1 to once again honor the Confederate general, whose name was originally attached to the school during the battle over racial segregation.

A new lawsuit seeks to prevent Mountain View High School in western Virginia from going back to its former name, Stonewall Jackson High School. The Shenandoah County School Board voted in May to restore the Confederate general’s name to the school.

Google Maps/Screenshot by NPR

When the Shenandoah County School Board voted last month to revert several school names to honor Confederate leaders like Stonewall Jackson and Robert E. Lee, it created “an unlawful and discriminatory” environment for Black students, according to Virginia’s NAACP chapter — which is now suing to rename the schools.

Plaintiffs in the federal lawsuit, filed in U.S. District Court for the Western District of Virginia, include five students who say they don’t want to be forced to glorify or represent historical figures who fought to maintain slavery and white supremacy.

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“There’s a cold wind blowing in America and it has especially chilled Shenandoah County,” the Rev. Cozy Bailey, the Virginia NAACP president, said at a news conference Tuesday. The board’s recent decision, he said, echoed the Jim Crow era of injustice and intimidation.

The controversial May 9 decision returned the names of Confederate generals Thomas “Stonewall” Jackson, Robert E. Lee and Turner Ashby to two local schools. The names had been removed nearly four years earlier, as part of a widespread re-examination of U.S. monuments and landmarks.

“This backward move has received a negative reaction all over the world,” Bailey said, “and the world is watching to see if this variety of the seeds of hate and disenfranchisement will take root and return Shenandoah County and the Commonwealth of Virginia to the days when racial exclusion was the law of the land.”

The schools’ names are steeped in controversy

The Shenandoah school board voted last month to revert Mountain View High School to its former name, Stonewall Jackson High School, and to revert Honey Run Elementary School to Ashby-Lee Elementary School. Both schools are in Quicksburg, Va.

In a contentious board meeting, opponents of the move — including some current students — noted that the 1959 decision to name the schools after Confederate generals came at a time when Virginia’s leaders were fighting to keep the state’s schools racially segregated, despite the Supreme Court’s landmark 1954 decision in the case of Brown v. the Board of Education of Topeka, Kansas. By embracing the Confederate names now, they said, the board would brand their county as a haven for backward and racist thinking.

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Supporters of undoing the 2020 change said that taking Confederate figures’ names off the schools was a “knee-jerk” reaction to protests of George Floyd’s murder by police. The removal, they said, looked to erase the region’s history and silence its majority. Some also said the change had been adopted after little debate and notice. In the end, the board approved changing back to the Confederate names by a 5-1 vote.

On Tuesday, a student who spoke at the NAACP news conference said that the decision made her feel “unwelcome in a place that I go every day, which should never be the case.”

Officials from the Shenandoah County School Board did not immediately respond to NPR’s request for comment. The board is slated to hold its monthly meeting on Thursday.

Lawsuit calls for a new change

The federal lawsuit seeks to keep the schools’ recent names, Mountain View High School and Honey Run Elementary School, and to prevent any future discriminatory names or symbols.

“Plaintiffs are not seeking damages in this case,” said attorney Ashley Joyner Chavous, of the Covington & Burling law firm, at Tuesday’s news conference. “They are seeking change — in the right direction.”

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In the lawsuit, the Virginia NAACP argues that restoring the Confederate names violates four laws: the First and Fourteenth Amendments; Title VI of the Civil Rights Act of 1964; and the Equal Education Opportunities Act.

Another attorney involved in the suit, Marja Plater of the Washington Lawyers’’ Committee for Civil Rights and Urban Affairs, said the Confederate names pose dire problems for students of color.

“A Black high schooler who wants to play on the soccer team must wear the Stonewall Jackson ‘Generals’ uniform,” she said in a statement. “The student must honor a Confederate leader who fought to keep Black people in chains as slaves. Exposing children to this persistent racism and hate harms their self-worth and long-term health.”

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EU secures 40mn doses of bird flu vaccine as cases rise

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EU secures 40mn doses of bird flu vaccine as cases rise

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The European Commission has signed a deal for more than 40mn doses of a vaccine against bird flu for 15 countries across the continent, as member states grapple with a rise in cases of the respiratory virus.

The EU’s executive arm announced the contract on Tuesday, procuring up to 665,000 vaccine doses — which can be adapted to any bird flu strain — from Australia-based manufacturer CSL Seqirus. The deal includes a provision for a further 40mn vaccines over the next four years.

The deal comes as governments monitor an increase in bird flu cases in animals after 10 US states reported outbreaks in cattle in recent months, with three cases in humans following exposure to dairy cows.

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Last week, the World Health Organization reported that a farmworker in Mexico had died after contracting the H5N2 variant, a strain that had previously not been detected in humans but has been reported in Mexican poultry. There have been no recorded cases of human-to-human transmission of the virus.

The outbreaks have increased concerns over the safety of dairy and meat products. Strains of the virus have been detected in US milk, although pasteurisation kills the pathogen. The tissue of one dairy cow was also reported to be infected but meat from the animal did not enter food supply chains, the US agriculture department said last month.

Stella Kyriakides, European commissioner for health and food safety, said: “While the threat of avian influenza to the general population remains low, we need to protect people at higher risk, such as poultry and farm workers or certain veterinarians.”

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Monitoring by the EU reference laboratory for avian influenza shows there have been 522 outbreaks of bird flu detected in wild and captive birds in 27 countries since the start of the year.

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According to the European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control, the risk of transmission from animals to humans is considered low in Europe. A commission spokesperson said on Tuesday there were “no reported active cases” in EU citizens.

The doses will go to people most exposed to the virus, including farm workers and veterinarians, with the first shipment heading to Finland. Outbreaks of bird flu in the Nordic country’s mink farms last year raised concerns of transmission to humans.

“This agreement will help in Europe’s resolve to maintain robust preparedness and rapid response capabilities for this potential threat,” said Raja Rajaram, head of global medical strategy at CSL Seqirus.

The jabs are being made in CSL Seqirus factories in the Netherlands and England using egg-based manufacturing, a traditional method for developing vaccines.

The US has a stockpile of flu vaccines from GSK, Sanofi and CSL Seqirus that can provide immunity against bird flu. It is considering funding a late-stage trial of Moderna’s mRNA-based avian flu vaccine, which could be scaled up more quickly.

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UK drugmaker GSK and German biotech CureVac are also jointly developing an mRNA-based avian flu vaccine in early trials.

The European Commission did not immediately respond when asked if it was pursuing a similar deal.

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