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A Hong Kong court has sentenced 45 leading pro-democracy activists to up to 10 years in prison in a landmark security case as authorities stamp out dissent in the Chinese territory.

Legal scholar Benny Tai received 10 years in prison, the heaviest sentence. The court, in its ruling on Tuesday, said that Tai was a “principal offender” in organising an unofficial primary election in 2020.

The other defendants received sentences of between four and eight years. Joshua Wong, a former leading student protest organiser, was sentenced to more than four years in prison, while Gordon Ng, an Australian national, received more than seven years.

“One day in prison is too many,” said Chan Po-ying, wife of former lawmaker Leung Kwok-hung, 68, who was sentenced to 81 months.

The trial of the Hong Kong 47, as the case was known, was the largest national security trial in Hong Kong, which has been struggling to restore its reputation as an international financial centre in the wake of Beijing’s political crackdown and coronavirus pandemic restrictions.

“This case is unprecedented in Hong Kong’s history of democratic movement,” said Eric Lai, a research fellow at Georgetown University’s Center for Asian Law. “Hong Kong’s pro-democracy movement will suffer for many years due to the vacuum of leaders and outstanding activists.”

The defendants — who were arrested in sweeping dawn raids in January 2021 — represented some of the city’s most prominent pro-democracy politicians, activists, union officials, journalists, academics and student leaders.

Thirty-one, including Tai and Wong, had pleaded guilty in hopes of receiving reduced sentences, while 14 were convicted in May. Two were previously acquitted, though prosecutors have filed an appeal against one of the acquittals.

Most of the defendants have been in detention for more than three years after being denied bail. The charges carried a maximum penalty of life imprisonment.

This is a developing story

Source: Election results are from The Associated Press.

By The New York Times election results team: Michael Andre, Emma Baker, Neil Berg, Andrew Chavez, Michael Beswetherick, Matthew Bloch, Lily Boyce, Irineo Cabreros, Nico Chilla, Nate Cohn, Alastair Coote, Annie Daniel, Saurabh Datar, Leo Dominguez, Tiff Fehr, Andrew Fischer, Martín González Gómez, Joyce Ho, Will Houp, Jon Huang, Junghye Kim, K.K. Rebecca Lai, Jasmine C. Lee, Joey K. Lee, Vivian Li, Alex Lemonides, Ilana Marcus, Alicia Parlapiano, Jaymin Patel, Dan Simmons-Ritchie, Charlie Smart, Jonah Smith, Urvashi Uberoy, Isaac White and Christine Zhang

Additional contributions by Grace Ashford, Luke Broadwater, Mathew Brownstein, Amanda Cordero Kenan Davis, Karoun Demirjian, Robert Draper, Catie Edmondson, Nick Fandos, Lalena Fisher, Patrick Hays, Robert Jimison, Annie Karni, Maya Miller, Julie Walton Shaver, Jaime Tanner, Tracey Tully, Lisa Waananen Jones and Jessica White

Edited by Wilson Andrews, Lindsey Rogers Cook, William P. Davis, Jonathan Ellis, Thomas Gaffney, Amy Hughes, Ben Koski, Allison McCartney and Rachel Shorey

Source: Election results are from The Associated Press.

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Sir Keir Starmer has declined to rule out allowing Ukraine to use UK-made Storm Shadow cruise missiles for strikes inside Russia, after President Joe Biden authorised the use of US-supplied long-range weapons.

The UK prime minister said he did not want to get into “operational details” about the proposal, arguing the only beneficiary would be Russian president Vladimir Putin.

His intervention came amid a flurry of diplomatic activity as British defence secretary John Healey spoke to his American counterpart Lloyd Austin on Sunday and prepared to speak with his Ukrainian opposite number on Monday.

Starmer called on allies to “double down” on support for Kyiv as he arrived at a G20 summit in Rio.

The UK prime minister has faced questions whether Ukraine would receive approval to use the UK-supplied missiles inside Russia’s border, after it emerged on Sunday that Biden had greenlit US long-range missiles for such use.

Healey on Monday told MPs he would “not compromise operational security” by commenting on long-range systems. Their comments indicate the UK would not necessarily confirm publicly any change in permissions surrounding the use of Storm Shadows by Ukraine.

Starmer has been pushing Biden to allow the use of the long-range missiles for several months and argued ahead of the G20 summit that the deployment of North Korean troops had marked an escalation in the conflict.

Biden has authorised Kyiv to launch limited strikes into Russia’s Kursk region using US-made long-range Atacms, in a major policy shift two months before president-elect Donald Trump re-enters the White House.

Storm Shadow missiles, which have a range of about 250km (150 miles), partly rely on US navigational data and other technology, which has meant their use inside Russia has required sign-off from Washington. 

On Monday, UK junior defence minister Maria Eagle was asked whether the country would align with the US in permitting Ukraine to use the missile defence systems that Britain has supplied “as it sees fit in its own defence”. She replied: “Absolutely”.

She added: “We intend to align with our allies in making sure that Ukraine can make use of the capability that has been offered by those who have committed support to that country in its fight.”

Matthew Savill, director of military sciences at the Royal United Services Institute think-tank, said: “It stands to reason that relaxation of the Atacms criteria will similarly lead to some relaxation on both Storm Shadow and [France’s] Scalp.”

He added: “From the Ukrainian perspective it would be preferable for this to take place privately and not be announced until after first use, though the Russians already have some advance warning.”

Savill cautioned that, even if Kyiv does get French and British permissioning, it would take time for Ukraine’s military to put together a cruise missile strike package that could penetrate Russian air defences successfully by using decoys and electronic jamming. As such, “we shouldn’t expect to immediately see a high volume of . . . strikes”, he added.

There are not believed to be large numbers of Storm Shadows left in allied stocks, and western officials have warned that the lengthy discussions between Nato partners about whether to grant Kyiv permission to use these or equivalent US or French weapons inside Russia has allowed Moscow the ability to move key kit and other targets, such as bomber planes, back outside of their range.

The Kremlin on Monday said the US decision to let Ukraine launch limited strikes inside Russia with Atacms marked a “new turn of escalation” in the nearly three-year conflict, and said Moscow would react “appropriately”.

Dmitry Peskov, the Russian president’s spokesperson, said the outgoing Biden’s administration was trying “to keep pouring fuel on the fire and provoke an escalation of tensions”, according to Interfax.