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The Morgan Library's quest to honor a matriarch in archiving : Consider This from NPR

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The Morgan Library's quest to honor a matriarch in archiving : Consider This from NPR

Belle da Costa Greene in 1929.

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Belle da Costa Greene in 1929.

Library of Congress

Imagine yourself in Gilded Age New York, as you witness a glamorous, self-possessed young woman become an influential figure in wealthy social circles.

Known throughout the city, photographed by the press, she works with one of the richest men in the country collecting some of the world’s rarest books and manuscripts, for his personal collection.

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Though it may sound like the plot of a movie, this story is taken from history. Referred to as one of the most fascinating librarians in American history, Belle da Costa Greene is the figure who is responsible for the depth and legacy of the Morgan Library’s collection, to this day.

You may have never heard of her — but the Morgan Library and Museum in New York is trying to change that.

You’re reading the Consider This newsletter, which unpacks one major news story each day. Subscribe here to get it delivered to your inbox, and listen to more from the Consider This podcast.

The Morgan Library

The library was founded by J. Pierpont Morgan, one of the richest and most powerful bankers in the early 20th century.

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While it was originally intended to house J.P. Morgan’s personal collection, today, it houses a one-of-a-kind collection of medieval writings, rare books and illuminated manuscripts. That’s thanks in large part to Belle da Costa Greene.

She became the librarian for the collection in 1905 — and in 1924 was appointed director of the Morgan Library.

Erica Ciallela is a curator for “A Librarian’s Legacy” — a new exhibit that is part of the Morgan’s 100th anniversary celebrations. She says it’s hard to find an area of the study that Greene hasn’t influenced, telling NPR: “We could go on forever with everything she touched and created.”

The exhibit traces Greene’s life and her lasting impact on the role of libraries as public spaces for everyone, not just the educated elite.

“Our exhibition programs, our lecture programs, our collections that we do today, we can trace it all back to her becoming director and believing that this institution could be one of a kind in the world and a place for scholars everywhere to come and look at these amazing materials.”

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Greene’s vision was also a key factor in defining the scope of this collection.

“She really was looking for one of a kind items, which is what sets our collection apart, because she really was like, ‘I want the best of the best.’ And that sometimes meant looking outside of what was popular. And she knew exactly what would make this collection and this building become a site.”

Passing to survive

Heading a library was an unusually prominent role for a woman at the turn of the last century, particularly for a Black woman. But this woman chose to pass as white to survive in a highly segregated America.

Ciallela says the decision was a family choice, spearheaded by her mother, Genevieve, who not only made the decision for all of Greene and her siblings to pass, but did it fairly early on, when Greene was still in school.

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Da Costa Greene’s personal struggles with race and gender were lost to time and her own hand, as she burned her 10-volume set of diaries before her death.

“But we do have a letter she wrote to the art historian, Bernard Berenson, where she said that that is where she wrote things down that she dare not even think to herself. So what that means, unfortunately we’re never going to know. But, I mean, it’s got to have been a struggle. And, I mean, it’s actually incredible that she was made director as a woman,” Ciallela said.

This episode was produced by Jordan-Marie Smith and Kathryn Fink. It was edited by Jeanette Woods. Our executive producer is Sami Yenigun.

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Sunday Puzzle: Cyber Monday categories!

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Sunday Puzzle: Cyber Monday categories!

Sunday Puzzle

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On-air challenge: Tomorrow is Cyber Monday. I’ve brought a game of Categories based on the word CYBER. For each category I give, name something in it starting with each of the letters C-Y-B-E-R.

For example, if the category were “Two-Syllable Girls’ Names,” you might say Connie, Yvette, Betty, Ellen, and Rachel. Any answer that works is OK, and you can give the answers in any order.

  1. Colors
  2. Garden Vegetables
  3. Mammals with Three-Letter Names
  4. Popular Websites

Last week’s challenge: Last week’s challenge comes from listener Greg VanMechelen, of  Berkeley, Calif. Name a state capital. Inside it in consecutive letters is the first name of a popular TV character of the past. Remove that name, and the remaining letters in order will spell the first name of a popular TV game show host of the past. What is the capital and what are the names?

Challenge answer: Montgomery (Ala.) –> Gomer (Pyle), Monty (Hall)

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Winner: Greg Felton of Stateline, Nev.

This week’s challenge:  This week’s challenge comes from the crossword constructor and editor Peter Gordon. Think of a classic television actor — first and last names. Add a long-E sound at the end of each name and you’ll get two things that are worn while sleeping. What are they?

Submit Your Answer

If you know the answer to the challenge, submit it here by Thursday, December 5th, 2024 at 3 p.m. ET. Listeners whose answers are selected win a chance to play the on-air puzzle. Important: include a phone number where we can reach you.

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Downsizing, decluttering, Swedish death cleaning — why we're obsessed with clearing out our stuff

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Downsizing, decluttering, Swedish death cleaning — why we're obsessed with clearing out our stuff

When I asked my mother what she might like for her birthday this year, she quickly texted back: Nothing. We are downsizing.

My parents already live in a small house — a former fishing cabin on the edge of a lake. Our family moved a few times when my brothers and I were growing up, our childhood belongings pared down at each step. My parents relocated after we graduated from college, stripping their belongings down further and shipping what furniture was left to each of us kids. I got the Sellers Hoosier, a wooden hutch with a built-in tin flour bin and a metal bread kneading shelf, now more than 100 years old, that my great-grandmother used to bake on.

I wondered what was left for them to downsize. And then it hit me: Were they doing the Swedish death clean? “Döstädning: The Gentle Art of Swedish Death Cleaning” is the bestselling book that sparked a TV show and popularized a decluttering technique that has people clean up their belongings before they die, so their friends and family won’t have to. My mother will be 80 this year, my father 82 — was there something they weren’t telling me?

It turned out that my parents hadn’t seen the show or read the book. The real problem was that they had just inherited a bunch of “stuff” from my aunt, who has dementia and was moving into assisted living. My mom told me about all the things my aunt had treasured and saved that now sat in cardboard boxes: plates and linen dish towels commemorating the British Royals; Hummel figurines (and some fakes); newspaper clippings. There were also letters, photos, notes and journals. Birthday cards. Those personal items we save, private and special only to us. Our “stuff.” My aunt had never intended for anyone else to see it or have to deal with it.

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My mother didn’t think it was appropriate to throw any of it away, not while my aunt was still alive. “She asked that some of the Princess Diana things be sent to you,” Mom confessed. “But,” she whispered, “I don’t think you’d want it.” She’s right, I don’t, but the larger question is: Who does?

The idea of döstädning (and the fact that my aunt clearly didn’t get around to it) made me think about all the stuff I’ve collected over the years. When I moved from New York to Los Angeles more than 20 years ago, I couldn’t afford to ship most of my books, so I sent only the most precious, signed editions I had. I also sent the journals I’d written in for years, stuffed with the small details of my life in New York City. What I wore on a first date. A promotion. An unrequited crush. I was moving to Los Angeles for love, but I couldn’t part with these chronicles of all my previous relationships.

Now those journals live in the garage of my family’s Los Feliz house. I know exactly which plastic bin they’re in, even though I haven’t read them since I left New York. If I were to die tomorrow, how would I feel about someone else reading them — my parents, my son, my husband? And if I don’t want anyone reading them after I’m gone, why have I kept them?

This led me to ask my friends and family: Is there anything that you would want automatically destroyed after your death, before your loved ones found it? Most of the answers revolved around sex: naked photos, sex toys, pornography, dirty notes and sexts. Other answers were more comical: A pot stash they didn’t want kids to find; specifically, weed butter in the freezer. The secret family in New Jersey (I think he was joking).

Some people revealed that they had pacts with a friend or relative to destroy certain items after their death. I loved the idea of a trusted friend tossing all my buried secrets, until I remembered what happened to Franz Kafka. His friend and literary executor, Max Brod, had been entrusted to burn all of Kafka’s letters and manuscripts after his death — a wish Kafka put in writing, even though Brod told him he wouldn’t do it. Indeed, Brod published the material, and we would not have “The Trial,” “The Castle” or other great works had he followed Kafka’s instructions.

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Did Brod have the right to overrule his friend? Perhaps it’s better to ask if Kafka had the right to ask that the manuscripts be destroyed. As an artist, do you owe the world your work, even after death?

My friend Cecil, a novelist, says: “As artists, it’s our gig to keep the embarrassing things that inspire us around. We are complex, and hopefully everyone gets that.” She says her journals would make a “boring read” — but if she asked me to destroy all her works after her death and I found some beautiful piece of writing among them, I would be torn about how to proceed.

Even though I’ve published a memoir and works of fiction that allow readers a glimpse into my life, I still have parts of myself that I don’t want anyone to see. In this age of over-sharing, talking about what I would want wiped out after my death has given me a better understanding of döstädning and its appeal. It’s less about saving our families from having to do the cleaning-up work, and more about applying some small measure of control over how we are remembered by those we loved. Perhaps it’s also a nudge to live a life worthy of remembering — sex toys and all — while we still can.

Cylin Busby is an author and screenwriter. Her latest book is “The Bookstore Cat.”

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'Wait Wait' for November 30, 2024: A Cornucopia of Guests!

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'Wait Wait' for November 30, 2024: A Cornucopia of Guests!

Mary Theisen Lappen of Team United States competes during the Women’s +81kg, Gold Medal Event on day sixteen of the Olympic Games Paris 2024 at South Paris Arena on August 11, 2024 in Paris, France. (Photo by Lars Baron/Getty Images)

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This week, Wait Wait celebrates Thanksgiving with a cornucopia of incredible guests, including Maya Hawke, blind mountaineer Erik Weihenmayer, and Olympic weightlifter Mary Theissen Lappen.

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