Health
Vaccine protection against moderate illness waned among adolescents, new C.D.C. data suggest.
5 months after immunization, two doses of the Pfizer-BioNTech vaccine appeared to supply just about no protection in opposition to reasonable sickness brought on by the Omicron variant — as measured by visits to emergency departments and pressing care clinics — amongst adolescents aged 12 to 17 years, in accordance with knowledge revealed on Tuesday by the Facilities for Illness Management and Prevention.
However booster photographs drastically elevated the safety, lending help to the company’s advice of booster photographs for everybody 12 and older.
The findings have to be interpreted with warning. The company’s research didn’t exclude unvaccinated adolescents who had some immunity from a previous an infection, which can have made vaccination appear much less efficient than it was.
And the researchers provided solely restricted knowledge on hospitalizations, a extra dependable proxy for extreme illness than emergency room and pressing care visits.
“One limitation of this knowledge is that folks might convey their youngsters to an pressing care or emergency division for quite a lot of causes, and vaccine effectiveness by immunocompromised standing, underlying well being standing, or vaccine product haven’t but been examined,” the C.D.C. stated in an announcement.
A number of research have proven that despite the fact that vaccine efficacy in opposition to an infection wanes over time, the immune response stays extremely protecting in opposition to hospitalization and demise, even in opposition to the extremely contagious Omicron variant.
A separate evaluation of knowledge from 29 jurisdictions posted on the C.D.C.’s web site reported 9 Covid-associated deaths amongst vaccinated youngsters and adolescents aged 5 to 17 between early April 2021 and January 2022, in contrast with 121 deaths in unvaccinated youngsters of these ages.
Nonetheless, the findings counsel that scientists should rigorously monitor the vaccine’s efficiency over time in youngsters and adolescents, making an allowance for that boosters could also be wanted.
“We have to see extra of those research to see if that is constant,” stated Deepta Bhattacharya, an immunologist on the College of Arizona. “However I do assume it’s possible, and we must be ready as dad and mom, that it’s going to take one other shot.”
The outcomes tackle specific import for fogeys as college districts nationwide contemplate ending masks mandates. The C.D.C. final week revealed new steerage suggesting that about 70 p.c of Individuals can safely drop their masks in public indoor areas.
Vaccine uptake amongst younger youngsters has been gradual; fewer than one in 4 youngsters aged 5 to 11 are actually totally vaccinated. Greater than half of adolescents 12 to 17 have been totally vaccinated, with two photographs, and about 12 p.c have obtained a 3rd booster dose.
The findings comply with knowledge revealed on Monday exhibiting that two doses provided little safety in opposition to an infection with the Omicron variant in youngsters aged 5 to 11 after only one month. The vaccine has been proven to supply diminishing safety in opposition to an infection even in adults, significantly in opposition to the Omicron variant. New knowledge revealed by the C.D.C. on its web site replicate this development.
Within the new research, the researchers analyzed knowledge on 39,217 visits to emergency departments and pressing care clinics and 1,699 hospitalizations amongst youngsters aged 5 to 17 years in 10 states, from April 9, 2021, to Jan. 29, 2022.
In youngsters aged 5 to 11, the vaccine’s skill to stop reasonable sickness dropped to 46 p.c about two months after full vaccination (two weeks after the second shot). A lot of the visits to emergency rooms and pressing care clinics occurred in the course of the Omicron surge, when older youngsters and adults additionally had been extra susceptible than that they had been earlier within the pandemic.
The vaccine’s effectiveness in opposition to reasonable sickness in adolescents held regular in the course of the Delta period. However 150 days after full vaccination, effectiveness dropped sharply to 38 p.c in adolescents aged 12 to fifteen years, and to 46 p.c in these aged 16 and 17 years.
When the researchers analyzed knowledge particularly for defense within the Omicron period, safety in opposition to reasonable sickness all however disappeared in adolescents who had been vaccinated greater than 150 days earlier. However a 3rd vaccine dose restored effectiveness to 81 p.c.
The findings are in keeping with these from research of adults exhibiting that the vaccine’s effectiveness in opposition to an infection and delicate sickness declined sharply over time, significantly after the arrival of the Omicron variant.
Effectiveness is a comparability between safety in vaccinated and unvaccinated teams of individuals. However as extra of the inhabitants good points immunity by means of an infection, it turns into tougher to realize a real image of vaccine effectiveness, stated Paul Offit, director of the Vaccine Training Heart at Youngsters’s Hospital of Philadelphia and an adviser to the Meals and Drug Administration.
“Are we evaluating apples to apples after we say that the vaccine efficacy goes down?” he stated.
Safety in opposition to extreme sickness was nonetheless tougher to parse. There have been too few hospitalizations within the youthful youngsters to attract agency conclusions. Amongst adolescents who had been vaccinated greater than 150 days earlier, effectiveness in opposition to extreme sickness remained robust, at 70 p.c or larger.
However most of these hospitalizations occurred in the course of the Delta period, so the info don’t present a window into the effectiveness in opposition to hospitalization because the Omicron variant arrived and unfold.
The C.D.C. recommends booster photographs for Individuals aged 12 and older. Pfizer and BioNTech are evaluating the advantage of a 3rd dose in youthful youngsters.
Health
Elton John’s vision loss: How an eye infection can cause blindness
World-renowned singer-songwriter Elton John confirmed he has lost sight in his right eye after suffering from a severe infection.
On the opening night of his musical adaptation of “The Devil Wears Prada” in London, John shared, “I haven’t been able to come to many of the previews because, as you know, I have lost my eyesight.”
“So, it’s hard for me to see it, but I love to hear it and, boy, it sounded good tonight,” he said.
ELTON JOHN HAS ‘LOST MY EYESIGHT’ FOLLOWING SEVERE INFECTION
John first posted to his Instagram account in September that he had been dealing with a “severe eye infection” over the summer that has “unfortunately left me with only limited vision in one eye.”
“Since Sir Elton John did not state what type of eye infection he has, it is unclear whether he has complete blindness in his right eye or if there is still some partial vision,” Dr. Thuy Tran, optometrist and founder of Oculist in New York City, told Fox News Digital.
“It is possible that he may still be able to perceive light and motion, but is unable to discern enough details to read letters or musical notes,” added Tran, who did not treat the singer.
“He may also be experiencing other signs and symptoms, such as thick mucous discharge, pain, irritation, excessive tearing and redness.”
Types of eye infections
The most common types of eye infections are viral conjunctivitis and bacterial conjunctivitis, according to Tran.
“Viral conjunctivitis, caused by adenovirus, are like common colds and typically resolve on their own within a few weeks,” he said.
“When caused by herpes simplex virus, varicella zoster virus (same virus that is responsible for chicken pox and shingles), or cytomegalovirus (seen in immunocompromised individuals i.e. those with HIV/AIDS), more serious complications, such as corneal scarring, retinal damage and vision loss, may result.”
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Bacterial eye infections usually resolve within a week with proper antibiotic treatment, usually eyedrops or ointment, the doctor noted.
“A hyperacute bacterial eye infection, however, can be severe and rapidly progressive,” Tran warned. “If not treated immediately, it can lead to corneal ulcers, scarring and blindness.”
“This condition is most commonly caused by Neisseria gonorrhoeae, a type of bacteria that can be transmitted through sexual contact.”
Fungal eye infections are often caused by fungi that are naturally present in our environment, according to Tran.
“Common risk factors include trauma to the eye with plant material, extended contact lens wear and diabetes,” he said.
Fungal infections are usually treated with topical or oral antifungal therapies.
“Rarely, they can lead to a medically-urgent condition known as endophthalmitis, which often requires hospitalization for administration of intravenous medications.”
Potential for permanent damage
Dr. Derek Cunningham, eye doctor and director of Dell Laser Consultants in Austin, Texas, also spoke with Fox News Digital about the dangers of both internal and external infections in the eyes.
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An internal infection can be caused by a virus, said Cunningham, who also did not treat Elton John. If it reaches the retina, or the back of the eye, permanent vision loss can occur.
More commonly, eye infections are the result of external triggers and trauma to the front of the eye, like scratches, chemical splashes or the misuse of contact lenses, he noted.
These incidents then allow bacteria and other foreign organisms to “colonize in the eye,” Cunningham said.
“Because [the eye] is specifically designed to transmit light, the cellular structure of all the tissues is very precise, and it cannot be altered.”
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“So, any amount of immune response or even bacterial or viral infection is going to cause not only a disruption in the cells, but it could potentially cause scarring – and that is going to reduce vision, very often on a permanent level,” he went on.
While the eye is sensitive and may have a harder time warding off infection since it’s a “compartmentalized” system, Cunningham said, the cornea is also the “fastest-healing tissue in the human body.”
But as people age, the body heals more slowly – so someone like John, who is 77 years old, will be at a higher risk of elongated infection compared to those who are younger.
“A little kid can scratch their eye and within hours be completely healed,” Cunningham said. “In an elderly person, [injury] can last for days, and that’s where the chance of infection builds up – every minute that the tissue is still compromised.”
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Some eye complications can be spotted and addressed early on during routine eye exams.
Cunningham recommends paying attention to visual function – and if vision is compromised, symptoms should be evaluated by a doctor.
“If there is … anything really infectious in the eye, the potential for vision loss is extremely high — and it’s permanent. It very often doesn’t ever come back.”
Representatives for John did not return Fox News Digital’s immediate request for comment.
Fox News Digital’s Elizabeth Stanton contributed to this report.
Health
Doctor and cancer survivor gears up to run 7 marathons on 7 continents in 7 days
A Wisconsin doctor is gearing up for the feat of a lifetime in order to spread awareness about the most pervasive cancer impacting young men.
Dr. T. Clark Gamblin, a surgeon in Milwaukee, spoke with Fox News Digital about his upcoming participation in the World Marathon Challenge. The competition involves running seven marathons on seven continents – seven days in a row.
The first marathon will take place in Antarctica on Jan. 31, 2025. From there, Gamblin and other participants will travel to Cape Town, South Africa; Perth, Australia; and Dubai, UAE.
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From there, Gamblin will jet to Madrid, Spain, and Fortaleza, Brazil, before running a final race in Miami. He and his fellow marathon runners will have logged 183 miles over the course of a week.
The fast-paced nature of the competition means that it won’t exactly be a relaxing vacation for the participants.
“Over the course of the seven days, we’ll spend about 60 hours on the plane,” Gamblin said. “So it’s running, and it’s plane, and it’s running, and then it’s plane.”
“If you’re prepared and you train correctly, it’s not some Herculean feat.”
While it may seem physically impossible for a human to run seven marathons in seven consecutive days, the World Marathon Challenge has taken runners across the world for nearly a decade. Gamblin began training for the race a year ago.
“It’s a physical challenge, there’s no doubt about it, but there are much more physically demanding things that people have done,” he said. “If you’re prepared and you train correctly, it’s not some Herculean feat.”
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Gamblin has a whole team behind him. The World Marathon Challenge organization handles the logistics of all participants’ flights and hotels. A cancer surgeon, Gamblin also enlisted the help of a dietitian at his hospital to help him meet his protein and fluid goals.
He also has a physical trainer to help with injury prevention — but the person who has helped Gamblin the most, he said, is his wife.
“She’s like my No. 1 cheerleader,” Gamblin said. “She’s not a big runner, but she’s a huge part of helping me get ready for this and preparing me for it.”
“But then right behind her would be my running coach, a dietitian and a physical therapist. So it does take a team to get ready for something like this.”
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Gamblin, who specializes in liver and bile duct cancer, became interested in running marathons as a medical school student. During the World Marathon Challenge, he will be running for the Testicular Cancer Awareness Foundation.
The cause is near to his heart, as Gamblin is a cancer survivor himself – he was diagnosed with testicular cancer in 2018 after noticing a lump.
“I thought it was probably nothing, but I was really diligent about it and checked it out very quickly and discovered it was testicular cancer,” he explained. “And testicular cancer is the No. 1 cancer that affects males aged 15 to 45.”
One out of every 250 men will develop testicular cancer in their lifetime, according to the Testicular Cancer Awareness Foundation.
“I went from being a cancer surgeon and giving all this advice, to having to take the advice I had been giving and apply it in my own life,” Gamblin noted.
“The most intriguing one is the Antarctica race … it’s going to be such a unique environment and climate to run in.”
After going through chemotherapy and two operations, he has now been cancer-free for four years.
Gamblin’s desire to spread awareness has fueled the long and arduous training he has gone through to prepare for the 168-hour-long feat.
Despite the challenges, he said he looks forward to the simple pleasures of the race, such as getting to know his fellow runners.
“It’ll be such a unique group of people, too,” he said. “I’m prepared to make some lifetime friendships and hear other people’s stories.”
Gamblin is documenting his marathon journey through his Instagram account, @tclarkgamblin. He’s most excited about running through Antarctica.
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“So few people have run marathons there,” he said. “It’s going to be such a unique environment and climate to run in.”
In Miami, Gamblin will get to see his family at the finish line.
“I think that far too often, we don’t set our goals high enough in life,” the doctor said. “We don’t risk enough …This is a risk, it is a reach for me.”
The doctor said he aims to inspire other people to also set their sights higher than they normally would.
“Your body will in many cases do what the mind tells it to do,” Gamblin added.
“And so I think we can challenge ourselves and push ourselves far beyond … the limits that we set.”
Health
Brush, floss, mouthwash: Dentists reveal what they believe is the correct order
Your dentist may remind you to brush, floss and mouthwash – but what is the “right” order to do it?
While all steps of oral hygiene can benefit dental health, Dr. Mike Wei, DDS, of New York City, shared with Fox News Digital that he’d recommend the below order.
1. Floss
2. Brush
3. Mouthwash
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Starting with floss helps to remove food debris and plaque between the teeth and along the gumline, which a toothbrush “may not reach effectively,” according to Wei.
“By flossing first, you can dislodge particles and bacteria from these tight spaces, making it easier for the toothbrush and mouthwash to clean the remaining surfaces of your teeth,” he said.
Next, brushing with a fluoride toothpaste can help remove plaque, bacteria and food particles from the surface of the teeth, the dentist advised.
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“By brushing after flossing, you are able to remove any particles that were loosened during flossing and ensure that all visible surfaces of your teeth are thoroughly cleaned,” Wei said.
Following up with an antimicrobial mouthwash can help further kill bacteria and reduce plaque buildup.
Mouthwashing at the end can also help freshen the breath and reach areas that brushing or flossing may have missed, Wei noted.
“Overall, following this order of flossing, brushing and using mouthwash can help to ensure a comprehensive cleaning of your teeth and gums, leading to better oral hygiene and a reduced risk of dental issues, such as cavities and gum disease,” he said.
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This recommended sequence is common practice among dental professionals to achieve optimal oral health, including reduced risk of cavities and gum disease, Wei added.
Dr. Ellie Phillips, DDS, an oral health educator based in Austin, Texas, took it a step further, noting that a mouth rinse can act as a “cleanser” for the teeth before brushing.
Rinsing with salt water or alternative mouthwashes like chlorine dioxide helps to remove any acidity from food and drink particles and prevent them from being brushed into the teeth, she told Fox News Digital.
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After brushing with toothpaste and “massaging” the gums with a toothbrush to stimulate circulation, then it’s time to floss, Phillips said.
Flossing after brushing “will get toothpaste between your teeth,” she cautioned.
But the expert also warned that “a lot of floss contains PFAS chemicals,” which people should avoid pushing into their gums.
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After flossing, Phillips recommends rinsing with a traditional mouthwash, which studies have shown can be “five times more effective than flossing” just by swishing it through the teeth for a few seconds.
Rinsing with water, especially with natural fluoride, at the end of an oral care routine can help absorb minerals into the teeth, according to Phillips, author of the upcoming second edition of her book “Kiss Your Dentist Goodbye.”
While there are “minimal risks” to basic oral care, Wei warned that excessive use of mouthwash containing alcohol could lead to dry mouth and irritation.
“It’s important to choose products recommended by dental professionals and follow instructions for proper use,” he said.
“Remember to consult with your dentist for personalized recommendations based on your oral health needs.”
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