Health
Ozempic could help reduce Alzheimer’s risk for some, study suggests: ‘Shifting the paradigm’
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Fox News medical contributor Dr. Marc Siegel joined ‘Fox & Friends’ to discuss his take on Ozempic being used to cure arthritis pain and why some doctors are warning some medications can affect heat sensitivity.
Semaglutide medications — such as Ozempic, the popular diabetes drug — have been linked to a reduced risk of Alzheimer’s disease for certain groups.
A new study, which was led by researchers at Case Western Reserve University in Cleveland, Ohio, revealed that patients who were prescribed semaglutide had a “significantly lower risk” of developing Alzheimer’s compared to those taking other types of anti-diabetic medications, according to a press release.
The researchers analyzed three years of medical records for nearly one million type 2 diabetes patients in the U.S.
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The findings were published in Alzheimer’s & Dementia: The Journal of the Alzheimer’s Association on Thursday.
Semaglutide medications have been linked to a reduced risk of Alzheimer’s disease for certain groups. (iStock)
“Our study provides promising real-world evidence suggesting that semaglutide could be beneficial in preventing or slowing down the development of AD,” lead author and biomedical informatics professor Rong Xu told Fox News Digital.
“The underlying mechanisms remain unknown, and future mechanistic studies and clinical trials are necessary to confirm the effects.”
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Alzheimer’s is the seventh-leading cause of death in the U.S., according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, taking around 120,000 lives each year.
Unlocking potential benefits
Semaglutide, the active ingredient in Novo Nordisk’s Ozempic, is a GLP-1 molecule that regulates blood sugar in diabetes patients.
It is also the active ingredient in Wegovy, Ozempic’s counterpart that is used to treat obesity.
Semaglutide, the active ingredient in Novo Nordisk’s Ozempic, is a GLP-1 molecule that regulates blood sugar in diabetes patients. (REUTERS/Hollie Adams/File Photo)
The findings suggest that there could be potential beneficial effects of semaglutide in preventing or slowing down the development of Alzheimer’s in high-risk populations, such as patients with type 2 diabetes, Xu noted.
“This can provide some guidance in the choice of anti-diabetic medications for diabetes management and, at the same time, for preventing Alzheimer’s disease,” she said.
MEAT CONSUMPTION LINKED TO HIGHER TYPE 2 DIABETES RISK IN OBSERVATIONAL STUDY
Dr. Sue Decotiis, MD, a New York City weight-loss doctor, said she was not surprised by the study’s discovery of the extra GLP-1 benefits.
“We know that GLP-1 drugs treat insulin resistance, which has a positive impact on the whole body – cardiovascular health, neurovascular health, decreased risk of stroke and better cognitive function,” Decotiis, who was not involved in the research, told Fox News Digital.
Semaglutide is also the active ingredient in Wegovy, Ozempic’s counterpart that is used to treat obesity. (Michael Siluk/UCG/Universal Images Group via Getty Images)
Dr. Brett Osborn, a Florida neurosurgeon and longevity doctor who often prescribes Ozempic to his patients, said this study reinforces how metabolic health influences neurodegeneration.
“The connection becomes even more apparent when considering the links between obesity, chronic inflammation and conditions like Alzheimer’s disease, often referred to as ‘type 3 diabetes’ due to its association with insulin resistance in the brain,” Osborn, who also was not involved in Case Western’s research, told Fox News Digital.
“GLP-1s treat insulin resistance, which has a positive impact on the whole body – including better cognitive function.”
In people with diabetes, a byproduct of insulin resistance is an increase in inflammation, Osborn noted, which is a “key driver” of neurodegeneration and cognitive decline.
“This suggests that effective management of insulin resistance and systemic inflammation reduction may be pivotal in slowing or preventing neurodegenerative diseases,” he said.
‘Shifting the paradigm’
Osborn agrees that the preventive effects of GLP-1 drugs will likely extend across various conditions.
“These drugs will ultimately be employed not just for diabetes, but as preventative and therapeutic agents for nearly all non-infectious age-related diseases, as well as conditions like alcoholism and drug addiction,” he said.
In people with diabetes, a byproduct of insulin resistance is an increase in inflammation, which is a “key driver” of neurodegeneration and cognitive decline, according to a doctor. (iStock)
While the study doesn’t claim that GLP-1s are a cure for Alzheimer’s, Osborn said, “It shifts the paradigm by addressing the underlying risk factors for Alzheimer’s rather than just its symptoms.”
“It suggests a more comprehensive approach — one that tackles insulin resistance, obesity and inflammation,” he went on.
By improving insulin sensitivity and reducing inflammation, these medications could provide direct benefits for not only the brain, but the entire body, he suggested.
“After all, most age-related conditions share common underpinnings and vary only by which part of the body is affected,” Osborn said. “It’s simply a matter of geography.”
Alzheimer’s is the seventh-leading cause of death in the U.S., according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, taking around 120,000 lives each year. (iStock)
Decotiis said she expects to see “more and more widespread benefits” from using this category of drugs, but that more studies are needed to prove that they slow the progression of Alzheimer’s.
“There needs to be a clear indication from the FDA to use these drugs for Alzheimer’s specifically in order for them to be covered by insurance,” she added.
“Most age-related conditions share common underpinnings — it’s simply a matter of geography.”
Xu reiterated that these findings “cannot be used to justify off-label prescription of semaglutide for Alzheimer’s disease prevention and treatment.”
“For this to happen, randomized clinical trials are necessary,” she said.
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The researcher also acknowledged that the study had some limitations.
“This is a retrospective cohort study with inherent limitations related to uncontrolled or unmeasured confounding and biases,” she said.
“These drugs will ultimately be employed not just for diabetes, but as preventative and therapeutic agents for nearly all non-infectious age-related diseases, as well as conditions like alcoholism and drug addiction,” a doctor predicted. (iStock)
“Further research into semaglutide’s use will need to be further investigated through randomized clinical trials so alternative drugs can be tested as potential treatment for this debilitating illness.”
The study received funding from the National Institute on Aging and the National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences.
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When contacted by Fox News Digital, Ozempic maker Novo Nordisk issued the following statement.
“Novo Nordisk welcomes independent research investigating the safety, efficacy and clinical utility of our products.”
A company spokesperson also stated that Novo Nordisk is conducting its own research into the effectiveness of oral semaglutide in early Alzheimer’s disease, with expected completion in 2025.
Health
Doctor shares 3 simple changes to stay healthy and independent as you age
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Living longer isn’t just about making it to 100 anymore, experts say. It’s about feeling your best once you get there.
Dr. Mary Claire Haver, a certified menopause specialist and founder of The ‘Pause Life, said it’s possible to optimize health for a longer life with simple lifestyle changes.
“Hormone therapy can be a tool in the toolkit, but we can’t ignore nutrition, strength training and getting adequate sleep,” she told Fox News Digital. “Focusing on those core pillars of health will provide the whole package so she can age well.”
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The expert, who is also an associate professor of obstetrics and gynecology at the University of Texas Medical Branch, dove into the following three adjustments to improve energy, weight and overall well-being.
No. 1: Prioritize sleep
Sleep is Haver’s top priority for improving well-being and energy.
“If you’re not sleeping, everything else tends to fall apart,” she said.
“If you’re not sleeping, everything else tends to fall apart,” the expert told Fox News Digital. (iStock)
The health expert recommends sleeping in a cool, dark room and using an eye mask or blackout curtains if necessary.
It’s also best to stop using phones and other electronics before bed, including the TV. “Your bed should be for intimacy and for sleeping — that’s it,” Haver said.
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Sleep is a “core pillar of health,” she noted, adding research has shown that inconsistent rest can exacerbate certain neurological conditions like dementia.
“If you’re not sleeping, everything else tends to fall apart.”
“We cycle in and out of different sleep stages, so we have REM sleep where we’re dreaming, [and] we have deep sleep,” Haver said. “Deep sleep is when your brain, it’s like a washing machine … It’s washing out all those negative proteins.
“So, if you’re not hitting that deep sleep, you’re missing that opportunity for your brain to reset, and that is where we see the increasing risk of dementia.”
No. 2: Eat a nutritious diet
Following a nutritious diet is another essential component of good health. In particular, Haver’s “top tip” is to add fiber to a balanced diet.
“Most women get 10 to 12 grams per day,” she said. “You need 25 plus, 35 plus [grams] for heart health.”
“Fibermaxxing” has become a popular nutrition trend, which encourages the addition of more fiber into a daily diet.
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Nutrition experts agree this approach can boost gastrointestinal and heart health, while helping with weight management and the prevention of diabetes and certain cancers. More fiber can also help people feel fuller throughout the day, while minimizing cravings.
Experts recommend introducing fiber slowly because, for some people, adding too much right away can cause cramping, bloating and constipation.
“Fibermaxxing” has become a popular nutrition trend, encouraging the addition of more fiber into the daily diet. (iStock)
No. 3. Incorporate regular movement
Moving your body throughout the day and getting intentional exercise is key to living longer and staying healthy, per various research and experts.
While walking is a great way to boost wellness and help with weight loss, Haver noted that it may not be enough for some individuals with certain conditions.
“A lot of women, most of my patients, are walking,” she said. “I love walking, but you really need to protect your bones and muscles, and strength training is the quickest and easiest way to do that.”
Haver encourages women to hit the gym and lift heavy weights, as it’s “actually going to serve you as you age.”
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The independence gap
Although lifespan has been increasing, Haver noted that women tend to struggle more as they age.
“Women by and large are having a rougher go in that last decade and losing their independence,” she told Fox News Digital.
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The doctor, who only sees menopausal patients, shared that “not one woman” has come into her office saying she wants to live to be 120 years old.
As many women have witnessed their mothers and aunts lose their own independence with age, Haver said her patients’ priorities have shifted from “help me live longer” to “keep me out of a nursing home.”
Many women have witnessed their mothers and grandmothers lose their independence with age, the expert shared. (iStock)
Women are being diagnosed more often with conditions that hinder their ability to care for themselves at home. The two most common drivers of that, Haver said, are dementia and frailty.
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“Loss of muscle mass leads to such weakness that you can’t do your activities of daily living, [and] loss of cognitive ability [means] you cannot take care of yourself,” she said.
“What’s the point of living to 120 if you are in a bed and can’t take care of yourself?”
“That’s what is driving women to make these changes — not to look a certain way or weigh a certain weight,” Haver said. “They care about staying as healthy and independent as long as possible. … I mean, what’s the point of living to 120 if you are in a bed and can’t take care of yourself?”
Stimulating the brain and getting regular movement can boost overall well-being. (iStock)
The expert reiterated the importance of stimulating the brain for longevity, perhaps by reading a book, learning a new skill or playing a challenging game rather than watching TV or scrolling on a phone.
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“Do something fun with your time when your brain is constantly being interactive,” she suggested. “Also, don’t isolate yourself. So often, we see the older generation tend to become more isolated.
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“Be active in your community. Join a cooking class. Do something that is going to foster your relationships so that you have a higher chance of being happier, healthier and more active as you age.”
Health
Certain bitter foods may trigger a brain response similar to working out, study finds
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The dry, puckering sensation you get from dark chocolate, red wine, tea or berries could actually be activating your brain in a way similar to exercise, according to a new study.
New research from Japan suggests that flavanols — plant compounds found in these foods — may stimulate the brain not by being absorbed into the bloodstream, but by triggering a sensory response tied to their bitter taste.
“The key finding of this experiment is that it first demonstrated how flavanol intake stimulation — likely the bitter taste — is transmitted to the central nervous system, triggering a stress response reaction that enhances short-term memory and produces beneficial effects on the circulatory system,” professor Naomi Osakabe of Shibaura Institute of Technology in Japan told Fox News Digital.
EXERCISE AFFECTS THE HEART IN A HIDDEN, POWERFUL WAY BY REWIRING NERVES, STUDY FINDS
“It was surprising that flavanol’s brain activity-enhancing effect occurred at a very low dose,” she added.
Flavanols found in cocoa, red wine and berries may stimulate sensory nerves that enhance focus and alertness. (iStock)
In experiments on mice, a single dose of flavanols increased spontaneous activity and improved performance on memory tests, according to the study, published in Current Research in Food Science.
Researchers also observed rapid activation of brain regions involved in attention, arousal and stress regulation.
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Because very little of the flavanols people consume actually enter the bloodstream, researchers believe they may instead influence the brain and heart by stimulating sensory nerves.
The researchers describe the concept as part of an emerging field known as sensory nutrition, the idea that the taste and physical sensations of food may directly regulate biological functions. This could eventually lead to new types of foods that combine appealing taste and beneficial physiological effects.
Berries are a natural source of flavanols, plant compounds being studied for potential cognitive and cardiovascular benefits. (iStock)
The response resembles what happens during mild exercise, which is a temporary activation of the sympathetic nervous system sometimes described as a fight-or-flight response. This type of short-term stress can sharpen focus and alertness.
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“While it is clear that healthy foods contribute to maintaining and enhancing homeostasis, the mechanisms remain largely unclear,” Osakabe said. “Notably, this study identified the potential for the taste of food components to regulate biological functions.”
The study does have limitations, as the research was conducted on animals and foods are complex mixtures of many compounds that may interact with one another.
The brain’s response to flavanols resembles the temporary “fight-or-flight” activation seen during mild exercise. (iStock)
Larger, human studies are needed to determine whether the effects seen in mice also occur in people.
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“I do not believe people, including most doctors, are aware that a taste of a specific molecule or compound can rapidly trigger major changes in the brain,” Dr. Johnson Moon, a neurologist at Providence St. Jude Medical Center in California, previously told Fox News Digital regarding sensory nutrition.
More data is needed before foods like dark chocolate can be recommended, especially because calories, sugar and fat could outweigh the benefits, Moon said.
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Still, Osakabe noted that previous long-term human studies on cocoa flavanols have suggested cardiovascular and cognitive benefits. For now, she recommends a balanced, plant-forward diet.
Experts say more research is needed before flavanol-rich foods can be recommended specifically for cognitive benefits. (iStock)
“I believe consuming plant-based foods like cocoa, berries, and red wine, along with fruits and vegetables, can help maintain health,” she said.
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Major health organizations say that if adults choose to drink alcohol, they should do so in moderation — up to one drink per day for women and two for men — and emphasize that no amount of alcohol is completely risk-free.
Fox News Digital’s Melissa Rudy contributed to this report.
Health
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