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N.I.H. Bans New Funding From U.S. Scientists to Partners Abroad

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N.I.H. Bans New Funding From U.S. Scientists to Partners Abroad

The National Institutes of Health will no longer allow American scientists to direct its funding to research partners overseas, casting doubt on the future of studies on subjects including malaria and childhood cancer.

Dr. Jay Bhattacharya, the new director of the N.I.H., announced the policy on Thursday, the same day Dr. Matthew J. Memoli, the principal deputy director, blasted these so-called subawards in an email obtained by The New York Times.

“If you can’t clearly justify why you are doing something overseas, as in it can’t possibly be done anywhere else and it benefits the American people,” Dr. Memoli wrote, “then the project should be closed down.”

The new restrictions, which will apply to domestic subawards as well in the future, come amid deep reductions in N.I.H. funding and the freezing of federal grants at many top universities, along with executive orders seeking to reshape the nation’s scientific agenda.

On Monday, President Trump signed an executive order restricting a type of experimentation that can make pathogens more dangerous to humans, and ending support for the so-called gain-of-function research in countries like China.

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Researchers funded by N.I.H. grants have historically used subawards to facilitate international collaborations, which are essential for studying conditions like childhood cancer or illnesses like malaria and tuberculosis that are not prevalent in the United States.

The subawards are legal and financial agreements made between the grant recipients and their overseas partners. The practice is used throughout the federal government and is not unique to the N.I.H.

But it has come under fire in recent years because of lax reporting and tracking of funds. After a critical report by the Government Accountability Office in 2023, the N.I.H. put stricter monitoring requirements in place.

Advocates for scientific and medical research said that as science has become more complex, collaborative initiatives that draw participants and scientists from around the world have become more critical.

“Competitive science requires a team approach,” said Dr. E. Anders Kolb, chief executive of the Leukemia & Lymphoma Society. “There’s no one lab or institution or investigator that has all of the tools necessary to solve the very complex questions that we’re asking.”

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Many of these studies require a large number of subjects. For example, as scientists are able to define types of childhood cancers more precisely, Dr. Kolb said, “you get into increasingly smaller and smaller subsets of disease.”

“So if you want to run a clinical trial of a new therapy that may benefit those children, it could take decades to complete a trial if you only enroll children in the U.S.,” he added. “When we collaborate with our international partners, we can finish these trials much more quickly and get the therapies to children as soon as possible.”

In announcing the new directive, Dr. Bhattacharya cited recent Government Accountability Office reports that have been critical of funding given to international universities and laboratories, as well as businesses.

The issues highlighted by the G.A.O. reports “can lead to a breakdown in trust and potentially the security of the U.S. biomedical research enterprise,” Dr. Bhattacharya added.

N.I.H. spending on these international groups is difficult to track, one of the faults noted by the G.A.O. The journal Nature, which first reported the new policy, estimated the total at approximately $500 million a year.

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Dr. Monica Gandhi, a professor of medicine at the University of California, San Francisco, has N.I.H. funding to study H.I.V. prevention and treatment in Kenya and South Africa, work that will be affected by the new policy.

Researchers like her must provide detailed information about international subawards when they apply for their grants, she said, including justifications for using a foreign entity and for each aspect of the budget.

International partners must now provide access to their lab notebooks, data and other documentation at least once a year, Dr. Gandhi noted. All of the expenditures are tracked on a system called the Foreign Award and Component Tracking System, or FACTS, she said.

“It’s very rigorous, as it should be when you’re using taxpayer dollars,” Dr. Gandhi said.

“Every year when you put in your progress report, you account for every penny that was spent at the foreign site — where it went, how much to lab tests, how much was paid investigators, every aspect.”

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It wasn’t immediately clear how the new policy would be implemented. The N.I.H. did not respond to requests for additional information.

The N.I.H. will not retroactively halt foreign subawards already in place “at this time” and will continue to make awards directly to international groups, the agency’s statement said.

But the new policy will forbid new competing awards and noncompeting awards to be reissued if they propose subawards to foreign institutions.

“If a project is no longer viable without the foreign subawards, N.I.H. will work with the recipient to negotiate a bilateral termination of the project,” the statement said.

The new policy appeared to be somewhat less draconian than the summation put forth by Dr. Memoli in his internal email, which threatened immediate action to shut down or pause international sites.

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“Subawards to foreign sites can’t continue,” he wrote. “This has been horribly mismanaged for years and it has been completely irresponsible. We must take immediate action. If a study has a foreign site we need to start closing it down or finding a different way to fund it that can be tracked properly.”

G.A.O. reports that had criticized various federal departments for lax reporting had called for improving oversight. But the office did not recommend terminating such funding altogether.

In 2023, a G.A.O. report reviewed $2 million in direct awards and subawards, most of it from the N.I.H., given to three Chinese research institutions, including the Wuhan Institute of Virology, between 2014 and 2021.

The virology institute received subawards from the University of California, Irvine, and from the nonprofit group EcoHealth Alliance. The alliance’s work with Chinese scientists led former President Joseph R. Biden Jr. to suspend its funding last year. The Trump administration recently changed the government portal for Covid information with a website suggesting that the new virus originated in a lab in Wuhan.

The G.A.O. report said that N.I.H. oversight didn’t always ensure that the foreign institutions complied with terms and conditions, including biosafety requirements.

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One reason expenditures were hard to track was because of a federal government policy that required reporting subawards only of $30,000 or more, another G.A.O. report said.

That report examined some $48 million in N.I.H. and State Department funding that went to Chinese businesses and research institutions between 2017 and 2021, including one project to study diseases that are transmitted by insects, like malaria.

It found that “the full extent of these subawards is unknown,” and that data was incomplete and sometimes inaccurate, because so many expenditures were exempt from reporting.

Apoorva Mandavilli contributed reporting.

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Eating more fruits and vegetables linked to surprising effect on sleep

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Eating more fruits and vegetables linked to surprising effect on sleep

NEWYou can now listen to Fox News articles!

Your daily meal selections could influence the quality of your sleep, new research says.

A study from the University of Chicago Medicine and Columbia University found that increasing your intake of fruits and vegetables could help promote more restful sleep.

Previous research has shown that people who lack quality sleep may be more likely to indulge in unhealthy foods that are high in fat and sugar — and now this new finding sheds more light on how consumed foods impact sleep.

COUPLES WHO CUDDLE BEFORE SLEEP REAP KEY HEALTH BENEFITS, STUDY REVEALS

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In the small study — which was published in “Sleep Health: The Journal of the National Sleep Foundation” — 34 healthy young adults reported their daily food consumption and wore a tracker to measure how often they woke up or changed sleep patterns during the night, according to a press release.

Those who reported eating more fruits and vegetables during the day were found to have “deeper, more uninterrupted sleep.” 

A study from the University of Chicago Medicine and Columbia University found that increasing your intake of fruits and vegetables could help promote more restful sleep. (iStock)

Greater amounts of healthy carbohydrates, like whole grains, were found to have that same benefit, the study found.

“Dietary modifications could be a new, natural and cost-effective approach to achieve better sleep,” said co-senior author Esra Tasali, MD, director of the UChicago Sleep Center, in the release. 

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HOW TO CHOOSE THE BEST SLEEPING POSITION FOR YOU, ACCORDING TO THE EXPERTS

“The temporal associations and objectively-measured outcomes in this study represent crucial steps toward filling a gap in important public health knowledge.”

Based on the study findings, the researchers concluded that people who eat at least five cups of fruits and veggies per day could have a 16% increase in quality of sleep compared to those who eat none of those foods.

“Small changes can impact sleep. That is empowering — better rest is within your control.”

“16 percent is a highly significant difference,” Tasali said in the release. “It’s remarkable that such a meaningful change could be observed within less than 24 hours.”

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“Based on current data, the experts confidently advise that regularly eating a diet rich in complex carbohydrates, fruits and vegetables is best for long-term sleep health,” the release stated.

A woman sleeping in bed

Those who reported eating more fruits and vegetables during the day were found to have “deeper, more uninterrupted sleep.”  (iStock)

The American Heart Association provides the following examples of fruit and veggie servings that equate to 1 cup of produce.

  • 8 large strawberries
  • 1 large bell pepper
  • 1 medium potato
  • 22 grapes
  • 2 medium carrots or 12 baby carrots
  • 1 medium apple, orange, pear, peach, grapefruit or nectarine

Dr. Chelsie Rohrscheib, head sleep expert at Wesper in Michigan, said that most sleep professionals recognize that a healthy diet supports overall well-being, including sleep quality — “so the findings of this study are not entirely unexpected.”

“However, it’s important to note that this was a relatively small study composed primarily of young adult male participants, which limits generalizability,” Rohrscheib, who was not involved in the study, told Fox News Digital.  

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“While the results were statistically significant, the overall reduction in sleep fragmentation was modest, about 16%.”

The study was also observational in nature, she noted, which means it lacked the control of a randomized trial. 

salads served to guests

“Based on current data, the experts confidently advise that regularly eating a diet rich in complex carbohydrates, fruits and vegetables is best for long-term sleep health,” the researchers wrote. (iStock)

“Ideally, future research would compare a group consuming a fruit- and vegetable-rich diet to a control group with limited intake to better establish causality,” the doctor added.

The researchers plan to conduct more studies to confirm that eating produce causes better sleep and to determine the “underlying mechanisms of digestion, neurology and metabolism” driving this impact, the release stated.

For more Health articles, visit www.foxnews.com/health

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“People are always asking me if there are things they can eat that will help them sleep better,” said co-senior author Marie-Pierre St-Onge, PhD, director of the Center of Excellence for Sleep & Circadian Research at Columbia, in the release. 

“Small changes can impact sleep. That is empowering — better rest is within your control.”

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Bill Gates reveals 'next phase of Alzheimer's fight' as he shares dad's personal battle

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Bill Gates reveals 'next phase of Alzheimer's fight' as he shares dad's personal battle

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Bill Gates is speaking out about his personal experience with Alzheimer’s — and his hope for progress in fighting the disease.

In an essay published this week on his blog at GatesNotes.com, the Microsoft co-founder and tech billionaire, 69, reflected on the difficulty of spending another Father’s Day without his dad, Bill Gates Sr.

The elder Gates passed away in 2020 at the age of 94 after battling Alzheimer’s.

RATES OF DEMENTIA ARE LOWER IN PEOPLE WHO EAT THIS SPECIFIC DIET, RESEARCH SHOWS

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“It was a brutal experience, watching my brilliant, loving father go downhill and disappear,” Gates wrote in the blog post.

Today, motivated by his own experience with the common dementia, Gates — who serves as chair of the Gates Foundation — is committed to working toward a cure for the common dementia, which currently affects more than seven million Americans, or one in nine people over 65.

Bill Gates and Bill Gates Sr. pose in a meeting room at the Seattle headquarters of the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation in 2008. (Gates Ventures)

In his blog, Gates expressed optimism about the “massive progress” being made in the fight against Alzheimer’s and other dementias.

Last year, Gates said he visited Indiana University’s School of Medicine in Indianapolis to tour the labs where teams have been researching Alzheimer’s biomarkers.

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BILL GATES LIKELY HAD AUTISM AS A CHILD, HE REVEALS: ‘WASN’T WIDELY UNDERSTOOD’

“I also got the opportunity to look under the hood of new automated machines that will soon be running diagnostics around the world,” he wrote. “It’s an exciting time in a challenging space.”

One of the biggest breakthroughs in Alzheimer’s research, according to Gates, is blood-based diagnostic tests, which detect the ratio of amyloid plaques in the brain. (Amyloid plaques, clumps of protein that accumulate in the brain, are one of the hallmarks of Alzheimer’s.)

Bill Gates Sr. and Jr.

Bill Gates Jr. (right) poses with his father at his graduation ceremony in 1973. (Gates family)

“I’m optimistic that these tests will be a game-changer,” Gates wrote. 

Last month, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved the first blood-based test for patients 55 years and older, as Fox News Digital reported at the time.

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“A simple, accurate and easy-to-run blood test might one day make routine screening possible.”

Traditionally, Gates noted, the primary path to Alzheimer’s diagnosis was either a PET scan (medical imaging) or spinal tap (lumbar puncture), which were usually only performed when symptoms emerged.

The hope is that blood-based tests could do a better job of catching the disease early, decline begins.

Gates family in 1965

The Gates family poses for a photo in 1965. The elder Gates passed away in 2020 at the age of 94 after battling Alzheimer’s. (Gates family)

“We now know that the disease begins 15 to 20 years before you start to see any signs,” Gates wrote. 

“A simple, accurate and easy-to-run blood test might one day make routine screening possible, identifying patients long before they experience cognitive decline,” he stated.

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Gates said he is often asked, “What is the point of getting diagnosed if I can’t do anything about it?”

To that end, he expressed his optimism for the future of Alzheimer’s treatments, noting that two drugs — Lecanemab (Leqembi) and Donanemab (Kisunla) — have gained FDA approval.

“Both have proven to modestly slow down the progression of the disease, but what I’m really excited about is their potential when paired with an early diagnostic,” Gates noted.

Lupus awareness

Alzheimer’s disease currently affects more than seven million Americans, or one in nine people over 65. (iStock)

He said he is also hopeful that the blood tests will help speed up the process of enrolling patients in clinical trials for new Alzheimer’s drugs.

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To accomplish this, Gates is calling for increased funding for research, which often comes from federal grants.

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“This is the moment to spend more money on research, not less,” he wrote, also stating that “the quest to stop Alzheimer’s has never had more momentum.”

“There is still a huge amount of work to be done — like deepening our understanding of the disease’s pathology and developing even better diagnostics,” Gates went on. 

“I am blown away by how much we have learned about Alzheimer’s over the last couple of years.”

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Gates pointed out that when his father had Alzheimer’s, it was considered a “death sentence,” but that is starting to change.

“I am blown away by how much we have learned about Alzheimer’s over the last couple of years,” he wrote.

For more Health articles, visit www.foxnews.com/health

“I cannot help but be filled with a sense of hope when I think of all the progress being made on Alzheimer’s, even with so many challenges happening around the world. We are closer than ever before to a world where no one has to watch someone they love suffer from this awful disease.”

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This Tropical Fruit May Improve Your Skin, Heart Health and More

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This Tropical Fruit May Improve Your Skin, Heart Health and More


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Mango Benefits for Blood Sugar, Skin & Heart Health | Woman’s World




















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