Health
Heart disease risk higher for women who have these unhealthy lifestyle habits

It’s long been known that certain lifestyle and health factors increase the risk of heart disease — but a new study highlights that they could affect women more than men.
Eight specific habits — diet, sleep, physical activity, smoking, body mass index, blood glucose, lipids and blood pressure — appear to have twice the impact on heart health risk for women compared to men, found researchers at Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre in Toronto.
The findings will be presented at the American College of Cardiology’s Annual Scientific Session in Chicago on March 29-31, 2025.
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The study included data from over 175,000 Canadian adults without existing heart conditions who enrolled in the Ontario Health Study between 2009 and 2017, according to a press release.
The researchers analyzed the participants’ scores for the eight risk factors and then tracked the incidence of seven heart disease outcomes over an 11-year period.
Specific habits appear to have twice the impact on heart health risk for women compared to men, researchers in Toronto discovered. (iStock)
Those outcomes included heart attack, stroke, unstable angina (chest pain that results from restricted blood flow to the heart), peripheral arterial disease (narrowed blood vessels in the arms or legs), heart failure and coronary revascularization (procedures to open blocked arteries) and cardiovascular death, the release stated.
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Overall, more women were found to have ideal health (9.1% compared to 4.8% of men).
They were also less likely to have poor health (21.9% compared to 30.5% of men).
Women who had poor health, however, were shown to have nearly five times the risk of heart disease than women with ideal health, the study found.
“We found that women tend to have better health than men, but the impact on outcomes is different.”
In comparison, men with poor health had 2.5 times the risk of heart disease compared to men with ideal health.
Among women with intermediate health, there was a 2.3 times higher risk than for those with ideal health, compared to 1.6 times the risk for men with intermediate health.

Women who had poor health were shown to have nearly five times the risk of heart disease than women with ideal health, the study found. (iStock)
“For the same level of health, our study shows that the increase in risk [related to each factor] is higher in women than in men — it’s not one-size-fits-all,” said lead author Maneesh Sud, M.D., Ph.D., assistant professor in the department of medicine, interventional cardiologist and clinician scientist at Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre in Toronto, in the release.
“We found that women tend to have better health than men, but the impact on outcomes is different. The combination of these factors has a bigger impact in women than it does in men.”
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This is a new finding that hasn’t been seen in other studies, the researcher added.
Based on the study findings, the researchers concluded that “sex-specific screening or risk assessment approaches” could more accurately predict people’s heart disease risk.

“I think the reason women are being found to be more susceptible to heart disease is because of particular milestone stresses in their lives that men don’t share, which include dramatic hormonal shifts that can bear directly on cardiac function,” one doctor shared. (iStock)
Dr. Marc Siegel, clinical professor of medicine at NYU Langone Health and Fox News’ senior medical analyst, was not involved in the study, but shared his insights on the possible reasons for the findings.
“I think the reason women are being found to be more susceptible to heart disease is because of particular milestone stresses in their lives that men don’t share, which include dramatic hormonal shifts that can bear directly on cardiac function,” he told Fox News Digital.
Those milestones may include pregnancy, childbirth and menopause, the doctor noted.
“Keep in mind that estrogen is in some respects cardio-protective, and it drops dramatically with menopause,” Siegel said. “And at the same time, cholesterol (a cardiac risk factor) increases, as may weight.”

“Overall, women tended to have better health than men, with better diets, blood sugar, cholesterol and blood pressure,” the researchers stated. (iStock)
“Overall, women tended to have better health than men, with better diets, blood sugar, cholesterol and blood pressure, but those in intermediate health had a higher risk of heart problems,” he went on.
Due to the study’s limited population, “only certain conclusions can be drawn,” Siegel added.
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Dr. Bradley Serwer, a Maryland-based cardiologist and chief medical officer at VitalSolution, an Ingenovis Health company that offers cardiovascular and anesthesiology services to hospitals nationwide, said there has been a need for studies specifically designed to focus on women’s cardiovascular risk.
“We know that premenopausal women have a lower age-adjusted cardiovascular risk, but this catches up after menopause.”
“For many years, we have falsely assumed that traditional cardiovascular risk factors affected populations similarly,” Serwer, who was not involved in the study, told Fox News Digital.
“We know that premenopausal women have a lower age-adjusted cardiovascular risk, but this catches up after menopause.”
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More research is needed to understand the underlying reasons for this phenomenon, the cardiologist noted.
“Is it solely attributable to the protective effects of estrogen, or are there other unrecognized contributors? I commend the authors of this study for their contributions, as they further challenge our conventional approaches to primary prevention in women.”

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Paralyzed man with ALS is third to receive NeuraLink implant, can type with brain

Brad Smith, an Arizona husband and father with ALS, has become the third person to receive Neuralink, the brain implant made by Elon Musk’s company.
He is also the first ALS patient and the first non-verbal person to receive the implant, he shared in a post on X on Sunday.
“I am typing this with my brain. It is my primary communication,” Smith, who was diagnosed in 2020, wrote in the post, which was also shared by Musk. He went on to thank Musk.
Smith is completely paralyzed and relies on a ventilator to breathe. He created a video using the brain-computer interface (BCI) to control the mouse on his MacBook Pro, he stated.
“This is the first video edited with [Neuralink], and maybe the first edited with a BCI,” he said.
“Neuralink has given me freedom, hope and faster communication.”
The video was narrated by Smith’s “old voice,” he said, which was cloned by artificial intelligence from recordings before he lost the use of his voice.
“I want to explain how Neuralink has impacted my life and give you an overview of how it works,” he said.
An Arizona husband and father with ALS has become the third person to receive Neuralink, the brain implant made by Elon Musk’s company. (Getty Images)
ALS (amyotrophic lateral sclerosis), also known as Lou Gehrig’s disease, is a progressive neurodegenerative disease that affects nerve cells in the brain and spinal cord, according to The ALS Association.
Over time, the disease impairs muscle control until the patient becomes paralyzed. ALS is ultimately fatal, with an average life expectancy of three years, although 10% of patients can survive for 10 years and 5% live 20 years or longer.
HOW ELON MUSK’S NEURALINK BRAIN CHIP WORKS
It does not impact cognitive function.
Neuralink, which is about 1.75 inches thick, was implanted in Smith’s motor cortex, the part of the brain that controls body movement.
The implanted device captures neuron firings in the brain and sends a raw signal to the computer.

Neuralink is made by Elon Musk’s company of the same name. (Getty Images)
“AI processes this data on a connected MacBook Pro to decode my intended movements in real time to move the cursor on my screen,” Smith said.
“Neuralink has given me freedom, hope and faster communication,” he added. “It has improved my life so much. I am so happy to be involved in something big that will help many people.”
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Smith is also a man of faith, saying that he believes God has put him in this position to serve others.
“I have not always understood why God afflicted me with ALS, but with time, I am learning to trust His plan for me,” he said.
“God loves me and my family. He has answered our prayers in unexpected ways. He has blessed my kids and our family. So I’m learning to trust that God knows what he is doing.”

The wireless device was implanted in Smith’s motor cortex, the part of the brain that controls body movement. (iStock)
Smith also said he is grateful that he gets to work with the “brilliant people” at Neuralink and do “really interesting work.”
“Don’t get me wrong, ALS still really sucks, but I am talking about the big picture,” he said. “The big picture is, I am happy.”
Dr. Mary Ann Picone, medical director of the MS Center at Holy Name Medical Center in Teaneck, New Jersey, applauded Neuralink’s capabilities.
“This is an amazing development that now the third person to use Neuralink has gained the ability with the use of AI to type with neural thoughts,” Picone, who was not involved in Smith’s care, told Fox News Digital.
“The now-realized potential of Neuralink is to allow patients with quadriplegia to control computers and mobile devices with their thoughts.”

“For every Brad Smith out there, there are hundreds of thousands of other disabled patients awaiting access to this technology,” a neurologist said. (Kurt “CyberGuy” Knutsson)
There are some risks involved with the implant, Picone noted. These include surgical infection, bleeding and damage to the underlying brain tissue.
“But the benefits are that patients who are paralyzed would have the potential to restore personal control over the limbs by using their thoughts,” she said.
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Dr. Peter Konrad, M.D., Ph.D., chairman of the department of neurosurgery at WVU Rockefeller Neuroscience Institute in West Virginia, called Neuralink a “remarkable demonstration of the power of AI-driven technology.”
“Mr. Smith is an incredible hero for those who are severely disabled from diseases such as ALS,” Konrad, who also was not involved in Smith’s care, told Fox News Digital.
“Mr. Smith is an incredible hero for those who are severely disabled from diseases such as ALS.”
Konrad also spoke of the advancements that have occurred since the past generations of BCI technology.
“It is encouraging to see faster progress being made with neural devices reaching clinical trials in the past five to 10 years,” he said. “However, we are still awaiting development of a BCI device that does not require a team of engineers and experts to customize each and every severely disabled patient with this technology.”
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“For every Brad Smith out there, there are hundreds of thousands of other disabled patients awaiting access to this technology,” he said.
“This video demonstrates the safety of these types of devices — now it’s time to provide larger access to these devices through a new generation of educated physicians, engineers and manufacturers able to deploy this technology.”
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