An exercise intervention aimed at elderly women was successful at reducing falls, especially among those with polypharmacy, a new study from the University of Eastern Finland and Kuopio University Hospital shows. The results were published in Scientific Reports.
The researchers also found that polypharmacy was associated with poorer results in functional tests measuring physical fitness. Polypharmacy was defined as the regular use of four or more medications.
Our findings suggest that, in order to enhance fall prevention in the elderly population, efforts to increase physical activity should be targeted specifically at those using multiple medications.”
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Anna-Erika Tamminen, Researcher, Kuopio Musculoskeletal Research Unit, University of Eastern Finland
According to Research Director Toni Rikkonen, the effectiveness of the exercise intervention was, as expected, largely dependent on the initial fitness level: “Those with the poorest physical fitness initially benefitted the most.”
The researchers conducted a secondary analysis of the Kuopio Fall Prevention Study data. The randomized controlled trial included 914 women, with the median age being 76.5 years at the onset of the study. Half of the women were randomized into an exercise intervention group and half into a control group. All participants underwent fitness tests at the beginning of the study, and again one and two years later. Medication use was assessed with a baseline questionnaire, and participants were divided into six groups based on the number of medications used. Falls were monitored for about two years through biweekly SMS queries sent to participants.
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The exercise intervention included guided exercise sessions twice a week for the first six months, with tai chi on one day and circuit training on the other. For the following six months, participants had free access to the city’s recreational sports facilities.
During the follow-up, 1,380 falls were reported, of which 739 resulted in an injury and pain, and 63 in a fracture. The lowest risk of fall was among women with polypharmacy who participated in the exercise intervention. Their risk was 29% lower than that of the control group using zero to one medications and not participating in the intervention.
Previous studies have associated polypharmacy with an increased the risk of fall; however, in this study, polypharmacy did not affect the number of falls in the control group. Furthermore, no association was observed between the number of medications used and the number of fractures. Fitness test results were best among those who used zero to one medications both in the control and intervention groups, and poorest among those using multiple medications throughout the follow-up.
Source:
University of Eastern Finland (UEF Viestintä)
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Journal reference:
Tamminen, A.-E., et al. (2025). Exercise reduces the risk of falls in women with polypharmacy: secondary analysis of a randomized controlled trial. Scientific Reports. doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-88205-y.
Books are getting Australians into the gym and keeping them there longer, and the benefits of this emerging health trend aren’t just physical – they’re mental too.
Listening to audiobooks and podcasts helped Yvonne Kong, 41, and her husband get back into fitness after becoming parents and lose a combined 50 kilos.
Yvonne Kong, 41, used podcasts to get back into exercise and stay motivated. Yvonne Kong
It also helped them broaden their minds and carve out a bit of “me time” in our busy modern world.
Audiobooks and podcasts have given Aussies the chance to turn exercise into a vehicle for learning, training their minds and bodies simultaneously. Some are even taking their e-readers and paperbacks to the gym (more on that later).
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“Listening to a story while working out actually helped me stay motivated and more consistent,” Kong told nine.com.au.
Like many Aussies, she used to dread hitting the treadmill and constantly found herself counting down the minutes until her session was over.
That changed when she hit play on a true-crime podcast during a workout.
Kong got so caught up in the story she forgot about the timer on her treadmill until her workout was over.
“I did an hour treadmill course and actually finished it without noticing,” she said.
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Have you got a story? Contactreporter Maddison Skipper atmleach@nine.com.au
Since then, she’s found herself looking forward to exercising because it gives her an hour of dedicated listening time.
Her husband does the same while running; he took up listening to audiobooks because it motivated him to run longer and more often so he could get through the story.
The benefits of reading/listening while exercising
About one in three Aussies now listen to audiobooks when they exercise, according to data from Audible.
More than a third of them exercise for longer because of it, one quarter work out more often, and half experience better mood during exercise.
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Data released exclusively to nine.com.au revealed both men and women reported these positive experiences at an almost identical rate, despite often having different workout routines and attitudes towards exercise.
Audiobooks are particularly popular with runners, more than a third of whom say they feel more focused on their run while listening.
Personal trainer Ben Lucas is one of them; he started listening while running to make time pass quickly and train his mind as well as his body.
“You’re out there anyway, so you may as well be learning something valuable while you do it,” he told nine.com.au.
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What the experts think
Mindfulness expert Luke McLeod told nine.com.au there has even been some research into how exercise increases blood flow to the brain, which helps information retention.
Lucas devours business and personal development audiobooks like Atomic Habits by James Clear while working out, a trend which has become known as ‘personal development/PD stacking’.
The goal is to “double-up of some type of personal development like listening to an e-book, which works out the mind, while also working out the body,” McLeod said.
‘PD stacking’ is the new health optimisation trend, according to Luke McLeod. Luke McLeod
It’s all about optimising time in our busy world, which is particularly appealing to Aussies who are time-poor; like new parents trying to juggle work and a baby.
“When I’m with [my daughter], I’m trying to be present for her, so I’m not going to be listening to podcasts or anything,” Kong said.
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“When I exercise, that’s my time.”
Personal trainer Ben Lucas has been using audiobooks to stay on track with his running. Ben Lucas
McLeod agreed that reading or listening while working out can be a great form of self-care for some Aussies.
The only pitfall is that not every workout is suited to it.
It’s hard to keep up with an audiobook or podcast if you’re trying to count reps while strength training, and there’s no way to read an e-book on a rowing machine.
“I find podcasts and audiobooks work best during longer, slower cardio sessions,” Lucas said.
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“Whether it’s an easy run, walk, or long ride, you can relax into the session, tune out a little, and focus on what you’re listening to while still getting the work done.”
He also warned Aussies to stay aware of their surroundings and hazards like traffic, cyclists, other pedestrians, or uneven paths if they listen while exercising outdoors.
McLeod added that stacking habits like exercise and reading isn’t worth it if one interrupts the other.
Road testing reading at the gym
I’ve been in and out of the gym a lot over the last decade, jumping from strength training, to reformer Pilates, and other programs in between.
But my favourite way to exercise is to hop on a treadmill with my Kindle.
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I rest it on the console, set a slight incline and a moderate speed and lose myself for an hour. No workout has ever felt faster or easier.
My Kindle fits perfectly into the little divot on the treadmill console meant for a phone or tablet. Maddison Skipper
The pros: Focusing on what I’m reading takes my mind off the clock and get through an hour of cardio without getting bored or losing motivation.
Reading at the gym also helps me stay consistent because it’s one of the few places I can just switch off and focus on my book without interruptions, so I want to keep coming back.
That hour of dedicated reading time has also been great for my mental health because it forces me to slow down and focus on something completely removed from any stress in my own life.
The cons: It did take a few sessions to get used to reading while moving, but raising the brightness on my Kindle and setting it to a larger font really helped.
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Those who prefer to listen don’t have to worry about any of that though; just download an audiobook and you’re good to go.
I also invested in a pair of noise-cancelling headphones to muffle the dance music that plays over my gym’s loudspeakers, which made it much easier to focus.
Reading at the gym allows Aussies like me to work on my physical and mental fitness simultaneously. Maddison Skipper
Now the only downside to reading at the gym that I sometimes hit a slump after I finish a really good book because I don’t want to hit the gym again until I find something new to read.
The verdict: It’s not for everyone, but I have found that reading at the gym has been the best way for me to stay motivated and consistent.
I feel good about taking the time to work on both my body and my mind a few times a week, and I’ve been able to check some amazing books off my ‘to be read’ list while working out.
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Audiobooks make it even easier for Aussies who want to exercise without the hassle of a physical book or e-reader, or who have different accessibility needs.
RICHMOND, Va. (WRIC) — 8News got a visit from two special guests Friday to learn about the benefits of Pilates and try out some beginner moves.
8News anchors Autumn Childress and Delaney Hall were joined by Laura Mae Harper and Angie Madison with Point and Flex Pilates. The studio, which opened on Sept. 3 last year, offers a variety of classes, ranging from beginner to intermediate and advanced.
“We went through years of teaching at other places and developed this beautiful studio for them and this community, and we’re super excited about it,” Harper said.
For more information, visit Point and Flex Pilates.
Like every piece of gear you wear on your body day in and day out, fitness trackers are incredibly personal. The right tracker for you should be comfortable, accurate, and tailored to your lifestyle, including your preferred workouts and health goals. Do you bike, row, or strength train? Do you run on trails for hours at a time, or do you just want a reminder to stand up every hour? Do you want to wear it on your wrist or your finger, or tuck it into your sports bra?
No matter what your needs are, there’s never been a better time to find a powerful, sophisticated tool to help optimize your workouts or jump-start your routine. We test dozens of fitness trackers every year while running, climbing, hiking, or just doing workout videos on our iPads at night, to bring you these picks.
Our top choice for most people is the Garmin Vivoactive 6 ($300), which works well with Android and iOS, but we also vouch for the latest Oura Ring 5 ($399) and the budget-friendly Google Fitbit Air ($100). For more wearables, check out our guides to the Best Smartwatches, Best Smart Rings, and Best Sleep Trackers.
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Best Fitness Tracker Overall
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Garmin makes some of the most accurate fitness trackers on the market, and the Vivoactive 6 is the best midrange option for most people. It strikes a solid balance between smartwatch features and fitness tracking, with support for both iPhone and Android users.
Why WIRED recommends: The Vivoactive 6 is accurate, comfortable, and packed with useful wellness features without feeling overwhelming. It uses Garmin’s proprietary algorithms to power features like Morning Report and Body Battery, which provide daily insights into your sleep, recovery, and readiness. It also has built-in satellite connectivity and GPS, so you can track outdoor workouts without bringing your phone along. There’s also incident detection, which alerts emergency contacts if it detects a serious fall.
Garmin’s biggest advantage remains its free Connect platform, which enables health and fitness tracking without requiring a subscription. The company also continues to add new software features through regular updates without putting them behind a paywall.
The trade-offs: Garmin launched Connect+, a $70-per-year subscription with extras like live tracking and access to Garmin’s AI-powered Active Intelligence. Former editor Adrienne So doesn’t think most people need it, but it’s worth noting if you’re looking for a completely subscription-free experience. The Vivoactive 6 may also feel like overkill for casual users who only want basic activity and sleep tracking.