Finance
Stadium Debt? Concert Fiasco? Here’s the Truth About Real Madrid’s Finances

Where does the club stand on the financial front? Search online and you’ll find very different narratives. One camp headlines the record‑breaking €1 billion in revenue and the near‑zero net debt once you strip out the stadium loan. The other camp warns about a stadium renovation bill that has swelled past €1 billion, a concert‑noise fiasco, and the stringent transfer policy means the club is in a more precarious position than they let on pubilcly. The reality? Real Madrid’s finances are as solid as they have ever been. The groundwork laid since 2020 has left the club with ample headroom to invest this summer—if the board decides to pull the trigger.
Post‑COVID, Real Madrid’s front office has quietly built one of the sturdiest balance sheets in all of sport. To gauge the club’s true health, focus on three core metrics:
Player Salaries as a Percentage of Revenue
Call it discipline, “strategic restrain”, “hyper-selective recruitment” — however you want to spin it, Madrid have been laser focused on maintaining a rigid and hierarchical wage structure that grows in tandem with revenue. This was no easy feat, particularly during the pandemic, where revenues declined 15-20% and wages remained flat or increased. This put tremendous pressure on all clubs, including Madrid:
A critical financial benchmark in football is the salary-to-revenue ratio—essentially, how much of a club’s total revenue is spent on player salaries. During the COVID seasons, Real Madrid hit alarmingly high levels, surpassing 70%, well above the recommended maximum threshold set by the European Club Association.
But following the 2021/2022 season, stadium revenues returned to normal and hefty contracts for Bale, Hazard, and Marcelo dropped off the books. Since then, Real Madrid have consistently remained at or below the gold-standard 50% mark. Today, the club spends around 45% of its revenue on wages—an impressive figure, especially considering Kylian Mbappé’s arrival. This disciplined approach ensures financial health and flexibility as the club’s revenues continue to climb.
Player Amortization (I.E. Transfer Fees) as a Percentage of Revenue
Maintaining a healthy wage structure is important, but clubs must also carefully manage how they spend on transfers. That brings us to the concept of amortization—which is just a fancy way of spreading a player’s transfer fee evenly over the length of their contract. For example, if Madrid signs a player for €100 million on a five-year contract, the cost booked per financial year is €20 million.
In practical terms, this means that if Real Madrid has a €100 million “war chest” for summer signings, spending that entire sum on one player doesn’t use up the entire summer budget immediately. Instead, the critical factor is how that signing impacts the club’s amortization expenses over multiple years. Like salaries, amortization costs are typically measured as a percentage of a club’s overall revenue, helping gauge long-term financial stability.
In 2020‑21, heavy spending on Hazard, Jovic, Militao, Mendy, and Reinier pushed amortisation to 23 % of revenue, flirting with the 25 % red line. At its peak, amortization in both 2020 and 2021, was considered unsustainable in the long run. Five seasons of measured deals have cut that figure to ~14 %, again beating the industry benchmark.
The Key to Sucess: Growing Revenues
Every revenue stream within Real Madrid’s control—matchday, sponsorships, commercial partnerships—has grown 2 to 3 times over the past four years. The one area that’s remained relatively flat? Broadcasting revenue, or in simpler terms, TV rights (cue frustration with UEFA and La Liga).
The club understands its global value and has consistently found ways to monetize it—hence the ongoing tension with those governing bodies. At the end of the day, revenue growth has been the single biggest driver behind Madrid’s financial strength. The more the club earns, the more it can responsibly invest in wages and transfers without surpassing the metrics mentioned above.
Now for the elephant in the room: What about the stadium costs? What about the concert mess and the lost revenue? Didn’t the club just spend over a billion euros and now risk losing hundreds of millions in return?
Let’s keep it simple: No, the lost concert revenue isn’t even a blip on the radar. If you zoom in on the 2024/25 season in the revenue breakdown, you’ll find a red dotted line marked at €10 million—that’s the estimated impact from the paused concerts. It accounts for less than 4% of projected stadium revenue.
The bigger hit falls on Legends, the events company Madrid partnered with to host non-sporting events. There’s a chance the club renegotiates that deal to be a good partner, or even adds to its loan to fund noise-cancellation infrastructure—but neither option would meaningfully affect the broader revenue outlook. The stadium remains a revenue driver, not a drag. The club never expected concerts to be the primary revenue driver of the stadium—sponsorships, VIP hospitality, and matchday enhancements are the key levers.
Cash Flow and Coverage on Debt Payments
So, Madrid’s revenues are growing rapidly, the wage bill is under control, and spending on transfers has been carefully managed through balanced amortization. With those pillars in place, the next big question naturally shifts to debt—how much is owed, and how well is it being managed?
The stadium renovation required a €1.2 billion loan, split into three tranches—all secured at below 3% interest, an incredibly favorable rate, especially by today’s standards. Despite the size of the loan, Madrid locked in 30-year terms and makes annual payments of around €40 million.
On the other side of the ledger, the club generates €100–300 million in annual cash flow (think of this like your checking account: money coming in and out), and keeps a healthy cash reserve of €85–250 million (a safety buffer, or savings account).
Importantly, Madrid carries virtually no debt outside of the stadium loan, which means its debt coverage ratio—how easily the club can make its payments—is extremely strong.
Bottom line: The stadium is not a financial burden. Quite the opposite—it’s a long-term revenue engine and a major catalyst behind Madrid’s ongoing financial growth.
Summer 2025
Despite the doom-and-gloom headlines—and the inevitable recycled line about “injured players returning as new signings”—Real Madrid have more than enough room to invest in the squad this summer.
- Salary-to-Revenue Ratio: ~45% (target
- Amortization-to-Revenue Ratio: ~14% (target
- Cash Flow: €100–300M per year
- Stadium Debt Service: €40M per year, secured at
- Concert Revenue Impact: ~€10M,
- Net Debt (Excluding Stadium): Essentially zero
If revenue climbs to the projected €1.3 billion (barring unforeseen economic headwinds), the club could spend €100 million in transfer fees (assuming a standard five-year contract for amortization) and still remain within the ideal 15% amortization-to-revenue ratio. On top of that, Madrid could add €30 million in annual wages and comfortably stay under the 50% salary-to-revenue threshold.
And that’s without factoring in potential player sales, which would only add more flexibility.
The bottom line? Madrid’s financial house is in order. The club has executed exceptionally well over the past five years and now has the tools—financial and structural—to strengthen the sporting project. The internal metrics they aim to stay within still leave plenty of room for meaningful reinforcements this summer

Finance
Dividend Stability and Regional Strength: The Case for Truist Financial (TFC)
Truist Financial Corporation (NYSE:TFC) is included among the 11 Best Bank Dividend Stocks to Buy.
Photo by Annie Spratt on Unsplash
Truist Financial Corporation (NYSE:TFC) is a prominent American commercial bank with a strong footprint in the Southeast and Mid-Atlantic regions. Ranking among the top ten banks in the country, it enjoys a solid market position in high-growth states like Florida and Georgia. Recently, the bank has prioritized digital innovation and technology development to improve service delivery and remain competitive against fintech firms.
Regulatory compliance remains a key focus for Truist Financial Corporation (NYSE:TFC), as it operates under enhanced prudential standards and capital requirements as a Category III banking organization. Adhering to these standards is essential for sustaining its operations and long-term strategies. At the same time, Truist’s disciplined approach to capital management allows it to maintain financial stability while pursuing strategic growth opportunities, including potential mergers and acquisitions.
Truist Financial Corporation (NYSE:TFC) is also popular among investors because of its dividend policy. The company has been making regular payments to shareholders since 1997. Currently, it offers a quarterly dividend of $0.52 per share and has a dividend yield of 4.53%, as of September 24.
While we acknowledge the potential of TFC as an investment, we believe certain AI stocks offer greater upside potential and carry less downside risk. If you’re looking for an extremely undervalued AI stock that also stands to benefit significantly from Trump-era tariffs and the onshoring trend, see our free report on the best short-term AI stock.
EAD NEXT: 12 Best Stocks to Buy Now for Passive Income and 12 Best Retail Dividend Stocks to Buy Now
Disclosure: None.
Finance
Financing opportunity: Q&A with Harold Pettigrew on the future of the CDFI Sector – Kresge Foundation

As the community finance field enters a new era—shaped by economic uncertainty, shifting capital flows, and growing calls for accountability—how can CDFIs prepare for what’s ahead? The Kresge Foundation spoke with Harold Pettigrew, the president and CEO of the Opportunity Finance Network (OFN) to help answer that question. This article is part of a series highlighting the impact of CDFIs and how the sector is adapting to the current environment.
MD: CDFIs play a unique role in our financial ecosystem, often serving communities that mainstream banks overlook. Why are CDFIs so critical for advancing economic growth and creating opportunities in underserved communities?
HP: In every corner of America, CDFIs show that impact and financial performance aren’t at odds—they reinforce each other. We address market gaps and go where traditional capital doesn’t: listening first, solving for need, and providing capital to people and financing projects that strengthen families and communities. Whether it’s a small business on Main Street or a housing development in a rural town, CDFIs make investments that build wealth and create opportunities that reach people and communities that need it most.
MD: CDFIs seem to have broad support in Congress, even when some administrations have looked to reduce funding or support. Is bipartisan support materially different today? What role has OFN played in telling the CDFI story and maintaining that support?
HP: Bipartisan support for CDFIs remains strong because our work cuts across political divides — we’re about creating jobs, building businesses and revitalizing communities. What’s different today is the urgency and scale of the need, and the growing recognition that CDFIs are essential partners in solving some of our nation’s toughest challenges. OFN and CDFIs tell real stories of impact—stories of people across the country whose lives and livelihoods have changed thanks to the capital provided by CDFIs. Through advocacy, research, and direct engagement with policymakers, we’ve elevated a clear, consistent message: For over 30 years, CDFIs have delivered results addressing market gaps in providing access to capital to communities across the country.
MD: Beyond federal funding concerns, what are the current challenges and needs CDFIs are facing in their day-to-day efforts to support communities?
HP: CDFIs are navigating a complex economic environment— rising interest rates, tighter capital markets, and growing community needs are stretching our resources like never before. Many CDFIs are being asked to do more with less, while also investing in their own operations to scale effectively and sustainably. OFN is working to develop diverse pools of flexible capital, make deeper investments in talent and technology, and new policy frameworks that support and recognize the unique value CDFIs bring. The demand is clear — what’s needed now is bold investments to meet the moment and craft new solutions for the future.
MD: Philanthropies and community development departments of banks and insurance companies have always been crucial partners for CDFIs — how can they best support and invest in CDFIs right now?
HP: Our partners in philanthropy and financial services have been critical to the success of CDFIs, and now they have a critical opportunity to strengthen the CDFI industry for the future. That means moving beyond transactional grantmaking to long-term, trust-based partnerships. It means offering flexible, risk-tolerant capital that lets CDFIs innovate and expand, and it means investing in the infrastructure — people, systems, data — that helps us operate at scale.
MD: What keeps you optimistic about the future of the CDFI sector?
HP: What keeps me optimistic is the impact and commitment I see every day, from the entrepreneurs we finance, to the communities we serve, to the CDFI leaders innovating with courage and conviction. The sector is growing, diversifying and deepening its impact. We’re not just responding to the moment — we’re helping define the future of expanded access to finance and financial services. And with every new loan, every new partnership, every life changed, we’re proving that when we expand access to opportunity — we don’t just finance projects, we shape the future of communities across the country.
Harold Pettigrew is the President and CEO of Opportunity Finance Network (OFN)
Finance
Reimagining Finance: Derek Kudsee on Coda’s AI-Powered Future

Derek Kudsee is a veteran of the enterprise software industry, with senior leadership roles at industry giants such as SAP, Salesforce, and Microsoft under his belt. So, when he took the helm as the new Managing Director for Unit4 Financials by Coda, ERP Today sat down with Kudsee to discuss his vision for Coda, the promise of agentic AI to make work feel lighter for finance teams, and his mission to transform the classic system of record into a dynamic system of intelligence for the Office of the CFO.
What was it about the opportunity at Unit4, and specifically the challenge of modernizing Coda, that convinced you to take this role?
A rare combination of having a deeply trusted platform and a clear opportunity to reimagine the finance function drew me to Unit4, and specifically the Coda business. Some of the largest enterprise customers have been running on this platform for decades. I’ve been brought in to help these finance teams run more efficiently and provide greater insight through agent-driven automation. We live in a world where technology has converged in our consumer and professional lives. Therefore, modernization is not only about addressing complex systems, but also about enhancing the user experience. This combination of running a deeply trusted platform, reimagining its capabilities in an AI-driven world, and modernizing the user experience was attractive.
Unit4 Financials by Coda’s goal is to deliver an “AI-fueled office for the CFO” using agentic AI. How will a finance team using Coda experience this in their day-to-day work?
When one thinks of an AI-fueled Office of the CFO, it’s about having agents deep inside those finance processes that will suggest, explain, and act within guardrails that finance teams can set. The work should feel like the machine is performing tasks that were previously done manually or laboriously.
A simple example is in an accounts payable department. An agent can automate everything from invoice capture using AI-driven OCR, verify that the invoices are within policy, queue them for approval, send them to the respective individuals, and flag exceptions along the way. Users can see how the work feels lighter because the machine handles everything from capture to the final stage, including payment release.
How do the AI functionalities offered by Coda differ from what competitors are offering right now?
Many vendors today have a finance module. However, we aim to be the best standalone financial management system, not a generic suite. We’re not trying to be finance because we want to sell an HR or CRM system. That means we need to embed intelligence deeply within the finance processes so that the software acts, takes action, and performs activities for the finance function. For that, the agentic AI needs to operate with autonomy, understand financial context, and learn from user behavior.
Moreover, fundamentally, Coda has always been built on a unified financial model. We’ve never had Accounts Payable separate from Accounts Receivable that needed to be consolidated. Our AI works on clean, structured data from day one, and that’s the foundation for accuracy. We don’t need to chase hype to incorporate AI. We’re going to redefine the finance function with AI at its core.
How do you plan to balance the introduction of these cutting-edge innovations without disrupting the core stability that Coda is known for?
The safest way to modernize finance is to add certainty around the core, rather than disrupting it. Our core is why customers have been running Coda for 20-30 years. Thus, stability is not a nice-to-have; it’s non-negotiable. Our customers run mission-critical processes, and that trust is sacred to us. Therefore, every innovation we deliver, whether it’s UX modernization or AI, will be built on one simple principle: if it compromises stability, we don’t build it. We don’t ship it.
With that rock-solid foundation in place, we can layer intelligence and usability on top. While some software providers are still determining the stability of their platform, we can offer customers the best of both worlds. They’ll have the reliability they’ve counted on for decades, and now we bring them the innovation they need to stay ahead.
What This Means for ERP Insiders
Your biggest enemy is decision latency. According to Kudsee, the primary challenge for modern finance is the gap between a business event occurring and the ability to respond intelligently. This decision latency, caused by fragmented data, batch processes, and manual workarounds that are standard in traditional ERP environments, prevents finance from being a proactive and strategic partner. Coda’s goal is to shrink that gap from weeks or days to near-real-time.
Shift the ERP mindset from system of record to system of intelligence. For decades, the primary function of ERP finance modules has been to record transactions accurately. This is no longer sufficient, as Kudsee notes. A modern financial platform must function as a system of intelligence that not only records data but also analyzes, predicts, and automates actions within core financial processes, effectively acting as the intelligent brain of the CFO’s office.
Prioritize financial depth over suite breadth. Kudsee suggests that the single ERP for everything strategy can result in a finance module that is a jack-of-all-trades but master of none. The alternative approach is to prioritize depth and best-in-class functionality for the critical finance function. Instead of settling for the generic finance module within a larger suite, consider how a dedicated platform like Unit4 Financials for Coda, focused on deep financial control, insight, and automation, can deliver more agility and tackle core challenges, such as decision latency, more effectively.
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