Finance
Making a business case for AI
Good morning. If you’re a CFO, you’ve been in a board meeting—or will be very soon—communicating your plan to invest in AI. For some insight into that process, I sat down with veteran tech CFO Mark Hawkins. His first piece of advice? “Clearly and unambiguously define the use case.”
“The less difficult it is to understand, the more credible the opportunity,” he explained. “When people can’t explain it, as a seasoned executive, it creates a yellow flag for me.”
Hawkins spent more than 40 years in corporate finance, most recently as president and CFO of Salesforce, which then appointed him president and CFO Emeritus, a position he held through November 2021. He’s also been CFO at Autodesk and Logitech, and he held various positions at Dell and Hewlett-Packard (HP).
Bringing it back to AI, it’s important for CFOs to share with board members “the math, the ROI, the metrics of success” to help build credibility but also be transparent about any risks, and work on building trust, Hawkins said. “It would be wise to really articulate the governance framework for technology,” he added.
It’s also important to make clear the opportunities and potential outcomes—and how those align with the company’s overarching goals and principles.
“When you’re presenting to a super-sophisticated group of technologically advanced people, and most of them could have deep engineering and science backgrounds, it’s a different level of dialogue,” Hawkins continued. Use cases often require additional details, for example.
By 2027, spending on AI software likely will grow to $297.9 billion, with a compound annual growth rate of 19.1%, according to Gartner. The firm’s research also found that boards are asking about AI more than three times as often as considerations tied to cloud computing.
During our conversation, I asked him his personal thoughts on AI, which he compared to electricity, also “a big paradigm.” Artificial intelligence, he said, is going down the path of augmenting people’s abilities and productivity, a journey that potentially includes significant value creation and a chance to create business models that don’t yet exist.
Hawkins also took a moment to reflect a bit on his own journey, including when, at age 21, he joined HP—at the time, a $3.1 billion company. In 2023, its annual revenue was $53.7 billion.
“It was the beginning of my journey into technology,” Hawkins said, “and I’ve been there ever since.”
Sheryl Estrada
sheryl.estrada@fortune.com
Leaderboard
Matt Lesmeister was promoted to CFO at flyExclusive, Inc. (NYSE American: FLYX), a private charter jet company, effective June 25. He will succeed interim CFO Billy Barnard. Lesmeister joined the company on May 30 as EVP and chief of staff and has 14 years of public company experience across various finance roles. Most recently, he served as VP of transformation and strategy at Fox Factory Holding Corp., Before that, Lesmeister served in various roles of increasing responsibility at United Technologies Corporation.
Kevin Nihill was named CFO at Rhinebeck Bancorp and Rhinebeck Bank (Nasdaq: RBKB). Nihill replaced former CFO, Michael McDermott, who retired from the bank after 23 years. Nihill most recently served as EVP and CFO at St. Mary’s Bank. He also served as SVP and treasurer at Berkshire Bank.
Big Deal
Mercer recently published new research about the impact of AI on productivity. The findings, created in partnership with Oxford Analytica, suggest that AI may boost developed markets’ GDP growth up 0.5%, with emerging markets potentially seeing a 0.2% boost in GDP growth.
Another key finding is sectors will experience different AI-enabled productivity boosts: finance and insurance (14%), information and technology (13.4%), manufacturing (6.9%), health care and social assistance (6.3%), transportation and warehousing (5.7%), and hospitality and food service (3.1%, according to Mercer.
Going deeper
“Federal Reserve governor says AI is ‘not going to replace’ central bankers—at least not yet,” is a new Fortune report by Michael del Castillo. He writes: “Lisa Cook, a Federal Reserve governor, isn’t afraid of losing her job to robots anytime soon. Speaking at an Economic Club of New York event on Tuesday, Cook said that when you’re a central bank governor every word counts in a way that not only caught her off guard at first but that likely will catch AI off guard for quite some time.”
Overheard
“By taking a human-first approach and developing AI tools that solve problems everyday people experience, businesses can reach a global audience with broad demographics.”
—Matthieu Rouif, CEO and cofounder of Photoroom, an AI-powered photo-editing app, writes in a new Fortune opinion piece.
Finance
Holyoke City Council sends finance overhaul plan to committee for review
HOLYOKE — The City Council has advanced plans to create a finance and administration department, voting to send proposed changes to a subcommittee for further review.
The move follows guidance from the state Division of Local Services aimed at strengthening the city’s internal cash controls, defining clear lines of accountability, and making sure staff have the appropriate education and skill level for their financial roles.
On Tuesday, Councilor Meg Magrath-Smith, who filed the order, said the council needed to change some wording about qualifications based on advice from the human resources department before sending it to the ordinance committee for review.
The committee will discuss and vote on the matter before it can head back to the full City Council for a vote. It meets next Tuesday. The next council meeting is scheduled for Jan. 20.
On Monday, Mayor Joshua Garcia said in his inaugural address that he plans to continue advancing his Municipal Finance Modernization Act.
Last spring, Garcia introduced two budget plans: one showing the current $180 million cost of running the city, and another projecting savings if Holyoke adopted the finance act.
Key proposed changes include realigning departments to meet modern needs, renaming positions and reassigning duties, fixing problems found in decades of audits, and using technology to improve workflow and service.
Garcia said the plan aims to also make government more efficient and accountable by boosting oversight of the mayor and finance departments, requiring audits of all city functions, enforcing penalties for policy violations, and adding fraud protections with stronger reporting.
Other steps included changing the city treasurer from an elected to an appointed position, a measure approved in a special election last January.
Additionally, the city would adopt a financial management policies manual, create a consolidated Finance Department and hire a chief administrative and financial officer to handle forecasting, capital planning and informed decision-making.
Garcia said that the state has suggested creating the CAFO position for almost 20 years and called on the City Council to pass the reform before the end of this fiscal year, so that it can be in place by July 1.
In a previous interview, City Council President Tessa Murphy-Romboletti said nine votes were needed to adopt the financial reform.
She also said past problems stemmed from a lack of proper systems and checks, an issue the city has dealt with since the 1970s.
The mayor would choose this officer, and the City Council will approve the appointment, she said.
In October, the City Council narrowly rejected the finance act in an 8-5 vote.
Supporters ― Michael Sullivan, Israel Rivera, Jenny Rivera, Murphy-Romboletti, Anderson Burgos, former Councilor Kocayne Givner, Patti Devine and Magrath-Smith ― said the city needs modernization and greater transparency.
Opponents ― Howard Greaney Jr., Linda Vacon, former Councilors David Bartley, Kevin Jourdain and Carmen Ocasio — said a qualified treasurer should be appointed first.
Vacon said then the treasurer’s office was “a mess,” and that the city should “fix” one department before “mixing it with another.”
The City Council also clashed over fixes, as the state stopped sending millions in monthly aid because the city hadn’t finished basic financial paperwork for three years.
The main problem came from delays in financial reports from the treasurer’s office.
Holyoke had a history of late filings. For six of the past eight years, the city delayed its required annual financial report, and five times in the past, the state withheld aid.
Council disputes over job descriptions, salaries and reforms also stalled progress.
In November, millions in state aid began flowing back to Holyoke after the city made some progress in closing out its books.
The state had withheld nearly $29 million for four months but even with aid restored, Holyoke still faces big financial problems, the Division of Local Services said.
Finance
Military Troops and Retirees: Here’s the First Financial Step to Take in 2026
Editor’s note: This is the fourth installment of New Year, New You, a weeklong look at your financial health headed into 2026.
You get your W-2 in January and realize you either owe thousands in taxes or get a massive refund. Both mean your withholding was wrong all year.
Most service members set their tax withholding once during in-processing and never look at it again. Life changes. You get married, have kids, buy a house or pick up a second job. Your tax situation changes, but your withholding stays the same.
Adjusting your withholding takes five minutes and can save you from owing the IRS or giving the government an interest-free loan all year.
Use the IRS Tax Withholding Estimator First
Before changing anything, run your numbers through the IRS Tax Withholding Estimator at www.irs.gov/individuals/tax-withholding-estimator. The calculator asks about your filing status, income, current withholding, deductions and credits. It tells you whether you need to adjust.
The calculator considers multiple jobs, spouse income and other factors that affect your tax bill. Running it takes about 10 minutes and prevents you from withholding too much or too little.
Read More: The Cost of Skipping Sick Call: How Active-Duty Service Members Can Protect Future VA Claims
Changing Withholding in myPay (Most Services)
Army, Navy, Air Force, Space Force and Marine Corps members use myPay at mypay.dfas.mil. Log in and click Federal Withholding. Click the yellow pencil icon to edit.
The page lets you enter information about multiple jobs, change dependents, add additional income, make deductions or withhold extra tax. You can see when the changes take effect on the blue bar at the top of the page.
Changes typically show up on your next pay statement. If you make changes early in the month, they might appear on your mid-month paycheck. If you make them later, expect them on the end-of-month check.
State tax withholding works differently. DFAS can only withhold for states with signed agreements. Changes require submitting DD Form 2866 through myPay or by mail. Not all states allow DFAS to withhold state tax.
Changing Withholding in Direct Access (Coast Guard)
Coast Guard members use Direct Access at hcm.direct-access.uscg.mil. The system processes changes the same way as myPay. Log in, navigate to tax withholding and update your information.
Coast Guard members can also submit written requests using IRS Form W-4. Mail completed forms to the Pay and Personnel Center in Topeka, Kansas, or submit them through your Personnel and Administration office.
Read More: Here’s Why January Is the Best Time to File Your VA Disability Claim
When to Adjust Withholding
Check your withholding when major life events happen. Marriage or divorce changes your filing status. Having kids adds dependents. Buying a house affects deductions. A spouse starting or stopping work changes household income.
Military-specific events matter, too. Deploying to a combat zone makes some pay tax-free. PCS moves change state tax situations. Separation from service means losing military income but potentially gaining civilian income.
Check at the start of each year, even if your circumstances seemingly stayed the same. Tax laws change. Brackets adjust for inflation. Your situation might be different even if it seems the same.
The Balance
Withholding too little means owing taxes in April plus potential penalties. Withholding too much means getting a refund but losing access to that money all year.
Some people like big refunds and treat it like forced savings. Others would rather have the money in each paycheck to pay bills, invest or set aside in normal savings.
Neither approach is wrong. What matters is that your withholding matches your tax situation and your preference for how you receive your money.
Run the estimator. Adjust your withholding. Check it annually. This simple process prevents tax surprises.
Previously In This series:
Part 1: 2026 Guide to Pay and Allowances for Military Service Members, Veterans and Retirees
Part 2: Understanding All the Deductions on Your 2026 Military Leave and Earnings Statements
Part 3: Should You Let the Military Set Aside Allotments from Your Pay?
Part 4: This Is the Best Thing to Do With Your 2026 Military Pay Raise
Stay on Top of Your Veteran Benefits
Military benefits are always changing. Keep up with everything from pay to health care by subscribing to Military.com, and get access to up-to-date pay charts and more with all latest benefits delivered straight to your inbox.
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