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2025 NFL mock draft: Browns land Travis Hunter, Mason Graham cracks top three

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2025 NFL mock draft: Browns land Travis Hunter, Mason Graham cracks top three

Read Dane Brugler’s 2025 ‘The Beast’ NFL Draft guide.

The NFL Draft features 32 first-round picks. It does not, however, necessarily feature 32 prospects with a first-round grade.

Most drafts don’t sniff that number. And though the 2025 NFL Draft definitely features depth of talent at several positions, the number of players in this class with a consensus first-round grade is likely in the low teens. That’s especially important when discussing the top two quarterbacks, Miami’s Cam Ward and Colorado’s Shedeur Sanders. Both are very good prospects, but I’m not sure we can objectively call either “elite.”

A first-round grade means the player has almost no scouting holes, no serious questions about whether or not he’ll be able to handle a starting workload for an NFL team (likely a bad one) tomorrow. A year ago, there were three quarterbacks who fit that bill: Caleb Williams, Jayden Daniels and Drake Maye. This year, quite frankly, there are zero.

It’s still possible Ward and Sanders land in the top 10. But it’s also possible one of those players — more likely Sanders — takes a tumble.

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With that in mind, here’s my latest three-round mock draft:

1. Tennessee Titans: Cam Ward, QB, Miami

To be clear, I would not do this. Same time, there’s too much smoke to ignore that first-year GM Mike Borgonzi’s priority is a quarterback, and if you’re going to take one this high, it’s absolutely Ward. I do not think he’d have gone higher than Caleb Williams, Jayden Daniels or Drake Maye last season, but it’s possible — given the QB desperation league wide — he’d have been a top-10 pick in 2024.

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2. Cleveland Browns: Travis Hunter, CB/WR, Colorado

The best football player in this draft class and one of the most unique talents we’ve seen in years, Hunter will make an impact wherever he goes — and wherever he lines up — immediately next year. If he sticks at CB he’ll arguably have the best ball skills of any DB in the NFL. He’s that good. This could also be Shedeur Sanders, though I’m decidedly less sure about him than I am Ward.

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3. New York Giants: Mason Graham, DT, Michigan

The Giants have spent the entire offseason trying to find veteran quarterbacks in the face of this rookie class, so this, too, could be a Sanders landing spot. But I have zero questions about Graham’s ability to help the Giants immediately.

4. New England Patriots: Abdul Carter, edge, Penn State

Carter’s foot situation certainly complicates matters, though I wouldn’t rule him out as a top-three selection here. If he’s healthy, Carter has a chance to be the best pro in this class. Foot injuries are very scary, however.

5. Jacksonville Jaguars: Will Campbell, OT, LSU

Campbell’s arms are a bit short — if he wasn’t so good with his hands and feet, that might be an issue. But Campbell, one of the hardest workers in this draft class, is a terrific athlete. Like when the Chargers drafted Rashawn Slater, nobody should overthink this.

6. Las Vegas Raiders: Ashton Jeanty, RB, Boise State

Jeanty is the NFL Draft’s best running back prospect since at least Bijan Robinson/Jahmyr Gibbs. He might be the best we’ve seen since Saquon Barkley. Regardless of where he fits in that tier, though, he absolutely should be a top-10 pick.

7. New York Jets: Armand Membou, OT, Missouri

At the very least, the Jets have a bridge QB in Justin Fields. It’s also possible Fields turns a corner and becomes the team’s long-term starter. Either way, New York’s new regime is not in position to roll the dice on a QB.

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Aaron Glenn should remember when Detroit passed on QB talent in 2021 to draft Penei Sewell. Start your rebuild there.

8. Carolina Panthers: Tetairoa McMillan, WR, Arizona

The tape tells the story with McMillan — and part of that story is that his less-than-stellar 40 time isn’t that big a deal. McMillan was a man among children at times in college and has the ability to help Bryce Young and this young Panthers offense immediately.

9. New Orleans Saints: Tyler Warren, TE, Penn State

The 2025 draft class features another great tight end group, and Warren — a true three-down player with the potential to be a dominant run blocker — is leader of the pack. The tight end position has evolved so much in the last 10 years, and Warren has the talent worthy of a top-10 pick.

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10. Chicago Bears: Shemar Stewart, edge, Texas A&M

The No. 2 edge in this class is a tough call, especially if we’re lumping Jihaad Campbell and/or Jalon Walker in with that group. A case certainly could be made for Georgia’s Mykel Williams here. But Stewart (6-5, 267) is actually bigger than Williams, and nearly as long (34 1/8 arms). He’s the most athletic edge in this class not named Abdul Carter.

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11. San Francisco 49ers: Jihaad Campbell, LB, Alabama

It’s hard to compare people to Micah Parsons. Campbell isn’t as fast as the Cowboys’ dynamic superstar, but he’s not that far off — and he’s probably at least as explosive. As was the case with Parsons when he came out of college, Campbell hasn’t scratched the surface with regard to all the things he can do on a football field.

12. Dallas Cowboys: Will Johnson, CB, Michigan

It’s not nothing that Johnson has avoided athletic testing at all costs this offseason. It’s also not nothing he more or less sat the 2024 season out after getting dinged up early. But the tape doesn’t lie — Johnson’s confidence is off-the-charts good, as is his football IQ. He definitely could tumble, but he’s a worthy top-15 prospect.

13. Miami Dolphins: Nick Emmanwori, S, South Carolina

The most complete athlete in this draft, Emmanwori has versatility that knows nearly no limit — he’s 6-foot-3, 220 pounds with a 4.38-second 40 time, 43-inch vertical and 11 foot, 6 inch broad jump. He’s still learning how to be consistent, but Emmanwori has the potential to be a defensive coordinator’s best friend.

14. Indianapolis Colts: Colston Loveland, TE, Michigan

There are days when I think Loveland might be right there with Warren as a legit top-10 prospect. An outstanding receiver who terrorized linebackers and has the ability to beat safeties (and some corners), Loveland is also a better blocker than people realize and one of the most dependable talents on the board. He’d be a perfect fit in Indianapolis.

15. Atlanta Falcons: Mykel Williams, edge, Georgia

Williams’ scouting profile almost could be used to explain most of this class: He’s a terrific athlete (at 6-5, 260) and has limitless potential as a do-it-all edge with interior rush potential, but he’s also really never put everything together. Though it could take a minute for him to develop, he has true star potential at an incredibly valuable position.

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16. Arizona Cardinals: Derrick Harmon, DT, Oregon

It wouldn’t be a shock if Harmon winds up going higher than this. At 6-4, 313, he’s bigger than Graham and probably comes with more versatility — he’s already proven he can walk outside and handle himself as a big edge.

17. Cincinnati Bengals: Mike Green, edge, Marshall

Like Carter, Campbell and Walker, Green is a phenomenal athlete who gives off Parsons-like vibes in terms of versatility. There also are serious off-field questions here teams will have to investigate before making a decision.

18. Seattle Seahawks: Tyler Booker, G, Alabama

Booker’s not a perfect prospect. Scouts wanted to see more consistency from him as a junior, but they also understand that Booker’s been one of the SEC’s most physically impressive offensive linemen since the first game of his true freshman season. It feels like Seattle has been looking for a prospect like this for at least five years.

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19. Tampa Bay Buccaneers: Jalon Walker, edge, Georgia

This might be the floor for Walker, whose testing may have caused him to slip behind Campbell and Green on some boards. Still, he’s a legit playmaker anywhere he lines up — a hell-on-wheels front-seven defender who’d be perfect for Todd Bowles.

20. Denver Broncos: Emeka Egbuka, WR, Ohio State

One of my favorite players in this class, Egbuka is this year’s version of Amon-Ra St. Brown — a fearless competitor who was a difference-maker from Day 1 inside one of the country’s best programs. As far as I’m concerned, he’d qualify as the “Joker” weapon Sean Payton wants.

21. Pittsburgh Steelers: Shedeur Sanders, QB, Colorado

Even if Pittsburgh signs Aaron Rodgers, and even if Rodgers has some gas left in the tank we simply haven’t seen over the past three years, the Steelers have to devise a long-term plan for the most important position on the field. I cannot get there on Sanders as a top-10 pick, and I don’t think he’s ready to help fix a truly bad team. He’ll be a much better fit if he lands somewhere that can give him a supporting cast.

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22. Los Angeles Chargers: Omarion Hampton, RB, North Carolina

Jim Harbaugh’s backfield needs thunder and lightning. And Hampton, a 221-pound hammer with speed and wiggle, can be both at the same time. Not only did he rush for more than 3,000 combined yards the last two years, but also he had more than 60 catches.

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23. Green Bay Packers: Jahdae Barron, CB, Texas

A tough, smart, dependable competitor, Barron reminds me of a bigger version of Washington’s Mike Sainristil. He can play anywhere in the defensive backfield, and you’re going to get everything he has on every snap. He’d be perfect for the physical and talented NFC North.

24. Minnesota Vikings: Grey Zabel, G/C, North Dakota State

Zabel was a true five-tool offensive lineman in college. He’s not long enough to be an every-day tackle in the NFL, but his ability to make things happen inside is undeniable. Zabel is a powerful, explosive, flexible athlete with elite football IQ.

25. Houston Texans: Joshua Simmons, OT, Ohio State

After suffering a knee injury early during the 2024 season, Simmons expects to be ready for the start of his rookie year. If he hadn’t suffered that injury, it’s fair to wonder if Simmons might have been OT1 in 2025. And the Texans have to find people who can keep C.J. Stroud off the ground.

26. Los Angeles Rams: Josh Conerly Jr., OT, Oregon

Consistency is lacking, but Conerly is a young prospect with elite athletic traits and equally exciting flashes. His potential fit inside an offense that needs run blockers capable of being dangerous on the move and in space could be terrific.

27. Baltimore Ravens: Donovan Ezeiruaku, edge, Boston College

It’s possible Ezeiruaku is long gone by the late 20s, as the depth of his pass-rush arsenal and his attention to detail are arguably better than any other rusher in this class. He’s also one of the most agile (sub-7-second three-cone at the combine).

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28. Detroit Lions: Kelvin Banks Jr., OT, Texas

The Lions’ biggest need is edge, and it also wouldn’t shock me should Brad Holmes try to get younger at receiver — Jameson Williams’ long-term future on the roster is anything but certain. But Detroit also has uncertainty at guard. Banks, a college tackle, should translate well to a guard spot in the NFL and could potentially be a long-term answer opposite Sewell.

29. Washington Commanders: Matthew Golden, WR, Texas

Of all the draft-eligible offensive talent at Texas last season, Golden might’ve made the biggest leap. He displayed true difference-making speed and has an ability to win in any area of the field. He flashed WR1 ability, to go along with his 4.29 speed.

30. Buffalo Bills: Kenneth Grant, DT, Michigan

Grant’s talent (at 6-4, 331) is undeniable, but almost nothing about his game is consistent. He also did not test anywhere near where scouts anticipated he would. Still, he’s an explosive, powerful presence with high-end potential as a nose and/or a big 3-tech. There’s enough raw ability here to bet on.

31. Kansas City Chiefs: Donovan Jackson, G/OT, Ohio State

A balanced, explosive athlete with very good length, Jackson spent most of his Ohio State career at guard before moving out to tackle in the wake of Simmons’ injury — a critical move during Ohio State’s title run. Jackson can be inconsistent with his hands but has the look of a possible long-term starter at guard or tackle.

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32. Philadelphia Eagles: Malaki Starks, S, Georgia

One of the smartest football players in this draft, Starks feels a lot like this year’s version of Brian Branch. He’s probably not fast enough to hold up as an outside corner, but he can play either safety spot or be a capable NFL nickel. He and Cooper DeJean together would be a lot of fun.


Round 2

33. Cleveland Browns: Tyler Shough, QB, Louisville

This, to me, makes much more sense for the Browns than reaching for a QB at No. 2. It’s possible Cleveland will have to trade back into the bottom of the first round for either Shough or Ole Miss’ Jaxson Dart, but this would give the Browns a young quarterback and a premium talent at the top of the second.

34. New York Giants: Jaxson Dart, QB, Ole Miss

Personally, I prefer Shough to Dart but it’s very close. Dart’s biggest challenge will be proving he wasn’t simply a product of a very college-y offense the way ex-Ole Miss QB Matt Corral was. However, Dart’s a better prospect in just about every area. To me: Shough and Dart are closer to Sanders on the board than Sanders is to Ward.

35. Tennessee Titans: Luther Burden III, WR, Missouri

36. Jacksonville Jaguars: Walter Nolen, DT, Ole Miss

37. Las Vegas Raiders: Carson Schwesinger, LB, UCLA

38. New England Patriots: Aireontae Ersery, OT, Minnesota

39. Chicago Bears (from CAR): Kaleb Johnson, RB, Iowa

40. New Orleans Saints: Shavon Revel Jr., CB, East Carolina

41. Chicago Bears: Darius Alexander, DT, Toledo

42. New York Jets: Jalen Milroe, QB, Alabama

If there’s a QB other than Ward or Sanders who might surprise people with how high he’s picked, it’s Milroe. Every physical trait he owns is worth betting on, though the gamble here is considerable given how inconsistent he was as a passer during every season at Alabama.

43. San Francisco 49ers: Tyleik Williams, DT, Ohio State

44. Dallas Cowboys: Quinshon Judkins, RB, Ohio State

45. Indianapolis Colts: Demetrius Knight Jr., LB, South Carolina

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Feldman’s 2025 NFL mock draft: How coaches view Ward, Sanders, Hunter, Carter and more

46. Atlanta Falcons: Benjamin Morrison, CB, Notre Dame

47. Arizona Cardinals: James Pearce Jr., edge, Tennessee

48. Miami Dolphins: Shemar Turner, DT, Texas A&M

49. Cincinnati Bengals: Tate Ratledge, G/C, Georgia

50. Seattle Seahawks: Jaylin Noel, WR, Iowa State

51. Denver Broncos: TreVeyon Henderson, RB, Ohio State

52. Seattle Seahawks (from PIT): Maxwell Hairston, CB, Kentucky

53. Tampa Bay Buccaneers: Nic Scourton, edge, Texas A&M

54. Green Bay Packers: Jayden Higgins, WR, Iowa State

55. Los Angeles Chargers: Mason Taylor, TE, LSU

I’m not ruling out the possibility of someone at the bottom of the first taking a swing at Taylor, the athletic, sure-handed son Pro Football Hall of Famer Jason Taylor (and nephew of Zach Thomas). Few coaches in the NFL have better eyes for TE talent than Jim Harbaugh.

#LSU TE Mason Taylor

Garrett Nussmeier is going to miss him quite a bit.

[image or embed]

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— Nick Baumgardner (@nickbaumgardner.bsky.social) February 11, 2025 at 7:29 AM

56. Buffalo Bills (from MIN): Azareye’h Thomas, CB, Florida State

57. Carolina Panthers (from LAR): Kevin Winston Jr., S, Penn State

58. Houston Texans: T.J. Sanders, DT, South Carolina

59. Baltimore Ravens: Omarr Norman-Lott, DT, Tennessee

60. Detroit Lions: JT Tuimoloau, edge, Ohio State

61. Washington Commanders: Darien Porter, CB, Iowa State

62. Buffalo Bills: Jack Bech, WR, TCU

63. Kansas City Chiefs: Dylan Sampson, RB, Tennessee

64. Philadelphia Eagles: Jordan Burch, edge, Oregon


Round 3

65. New York Giants: Landon Jackson, edge, Arkansas

66. Kansas City Chiefs (from TEN): Jack Sawyer, edge, Ohio State

67. Cleveland Browns: Ozzy Trapilo, OT, Boston College

68. Las Vegas Raiders: Tre Harris, WR, Ole Miss

69. New England Patriots: Quincy Riley, CB, Louisville

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Jordan Palmer wants to change how we evaluate QBs. Kyle McCord is his 2025 NFL Draft test case.

70. Jacksonville Jaguars: Oluwafemi Oladejo, edge, UCLA

71. New Orleans Saints: Joshua Farmer, DT, Florida State

72. Chicago Bears: Danny Stutsman, LB, Oklahoma

73. New York Jets: Jalen Royals, WR, Utah State

74. Carolina Panthers: Kyle Kennard, edge, South Carolina

75. San Francisco 49ers: Cameron Williams, OT, Texas

76. Dallas Cowboys: Kyle Williams, WR, Washington State

One of the more underrated players in this class, Williams is a small receiver, and his hands could be more consistent — but he’s one of the best YAC players in the class and an outstanding route runner with the ball skills to win in any area on the field. Very exciting player.

#Wazzu WR Kyle Williams is a problem.

He’s not big, could be more consistent with hands, but he’s one of the smoothest route runners in the country.

🏈4.42 speed
🏈10 contested catches at just 5-10, 190
🏈70-1196-14 last season
🏈Nearly 600 YAC yards

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This is a top 100 player IMO

[image or embed]

— Nick Baumgardner (@nickbaumgardner.bsky.social) April 5, 2025 at 9:34 AM

77. New England Patriots (from ATL): Elic Ayomanor, WR, Stanford

78. Arizona Cardinals: Anthony Belton, OT, NC State

79. Houston Texans (from MIA): Jared Wilson, C, Georgia

80. Indianapolis Colts: Marcus Mbow, G/OT, Purdue

81. Cincinnati Bengals: Xavier Watts, S, Notre Dame

82. Seattle Seahawks: Elijah Arroyo, TE, Miami

83. Pittsburgh Steelers: Alfred Collins, DT, Texas

84. Tampa Bay Buccaneers: Andrew Mukuba, S, Texas

85. Denver Broncos: Terrance Ferguson, TE, Oregon

86. Los Angeles Chargers: Jonah Savaiinaea, G/OT, Arizona

87. Green Bay Packers: Jordan Phillips, DT, Maryland

88. Jacksonville Jaguars (from MIN): Trey Amos, CB, Ole Miss

89. Houston Texans: Tai Felton, WR, Maryland

90. Los Angeles Rams: Harold Fannin Jr., TE, Bowling Green

91. Baltimore Ravens: Jacob Parrish, CB, Kansas State

92. Seattle Seahawks (from DET): Charles Grant, OT, William & Mary

93. New Orleans Saints (from WAS): Isaiah Bond, WR, Texas

94. Cleveland Browns (from BUF): Jaydon Blue, RB, Texas

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95. Kansas City Chiefs: Vernon Broughton, DT, Texas

96. Philadelphia Eagles: Miles Frazier, G, LSU

97. Minnesota Vikings*: Deone Walker, DT, Kentucky

98. Miami Dolphins*: Emery Jones Jr., OT, LSU

99. New York Giants*: Jackson Slater, G/OT, Sacramento State

100. San Francisco 49ers*: Princely Umanmielen, edge, Ole Miss

101. Los Angeles Rams*: Savion Williams, WR, TCU

102. Detroit Lions*: Josaiah Stewart, edge, Michigan

The Lions double-dipped at CB last season, and don’t be surprised if they do the same this year while searching for pass-rush help opposite Aidan Hutchinson. Bringing an Ohio State (Tuimoloau) or Michigan (Stewart) player to Detroit always makes for a good time. These two would complement each other well.

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(* = compensatory pick)

(Illustration: Demetrius Robinson / The Athletic; Photos: Michael Miller / ISI Photos, Ed Zurga / Getty Images, Mark J. Rebilas and Rich Barnes / Imagn Images)

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Match These Books to Their Movie Versions

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Match These Books to Their Movie Versions

Welcome to Great Adaptations, the Book Review’s regular multiple-choice quiz about books that have gone on to find new life as movies, television shows, theatrical productions, video games and more. With the summer-movie season here, this week’s challenge is focused on novels that went on to become big-screeen adventures. Just tap or click your answers to the five questions below. And scroll down after you finish the last question for links to the books and their filmed versions.

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Book Review: “The Möbius Book, by Catherine Lacey

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Book Review: “The Möbius Book, by Catherine Lacey

THE MÖBIUS BOOK, by Catherine Lacey


The first thing to know about “The Möbius Book,” by Catherine Lacey, is that it is actually two books. One is a novella with a hint of murder mystery. Start from the opposite side, flipping upside down — how will this work on a Kindle? — and you’ll find the other: a memoir of breakup and friendship during the pandemic, interspersed with musings on religion.

Where will bookstores put this loopy blue thing? Amazon, with unusual resourcefulness, has nested it for now under Self-Help/Relationships/Love & Loss (though I’d wager the author’s core audience avoids Amazon).

One has come to expect such formal experiments from Lacey, especially after her bravura “Biography of X”: not a biography of anyone real, but a footnoted, name-dropping, time-melting fourth novel that made many best lists in 2023.

There are plenty of names pelted into “The Möbius Book,” too — author friends like Heidi Julavits and Sarah Manguso, and many others — but one notably missing in the memoir part is that of Lacey’s ex, which gentle Googling reveals is yet another writer, Jesse Ball. Here he is referred to as The Reason: the literary-circle equivalent, maybe, of The Weeknd.

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He is the “reason” why she has become a visitor to, rather than a resident of, the house they bought together, after receiving an email he sent from another room, composed on his phone, telling her he’d met another woman. (At least not a Post-it?) He is also, or so she believed, a pillar of masculine rationality. With tattoos.

The Reason has control and anger issues. He noticed when Lacey, or her memoiristic avatar, put on weight and advised her how to take it off. After they split she found it hard to eat for a time.

The Reason, unreasonably, refused to use a laptop, so she had done most of his paperwork, participating “in the long lineage of women licking stamps for their geniuses.” He once called her “a crazy, sexist autocrat” when she wanted to leave a light on in a stairwell for a female guest. Sometimes he would surprise her — “playfully,” he insisted; unpleasantly, she felt — with a smack on the rear. When not threatening or cold, he seems a little absurd in this telling, playing funeral hymns on a shakuhachi.

There was a time when such narratives were lightning bolts cast down on the world of letters, causing considerable shock waves. (I’m thinking of Catherine Texier’s 1998 “Breakup,” about the dissolution of her marriage to Joel Rose, and even Rachel Cusk’s 2012 divorce memoir “Aftermath.”) But Lacey isn’t scorching earth — she’s sifting it, flinging fistfuls of dirt and thought at us.

With characteristic keenness she notes how “The Reason’s name had burrowed into everything, like glitter in shag carpet.” How mundane language pops out with new meaning in the fog of post-relationship grief (“Even the copy on a jar of peanut butter tried to offer advice — Separation is natural”). She reflects on her religious childhood and her once-authoritarian, now-infirm father. She consults — and sometimes curses — Simone Weil, Seneca and William Gass. She hooks up with a new fellow she dubs, naturally, The Bad Idea.

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Lacey runs the same list of acknowledgments and credits at the end of both novella and memoir. There are similar themes, but also an element of “Hey, you got your chocolate in my peanut butter!” in their juxtaposition. The fiction is shorter, noirish and elliptical. Was yoking it to the fiction an organic, creative act — whatever that is, we’re maybe meant to consider — or a clever packaging solution for two not-quite stand-alones?

A woman named Marie welcomes a friend, Edie, into her grim apartment on Christmas, noticing — is this a nightmare? — a pool of blood spreading outside a neighbor’s door. They both write it off as “just paint” so they can sip mezcal, eat crustless sandwiches and talk about failed relationships, some mediated or complicated through another, friend, Kafkaesquely called K.

They are both reputed in their circle to be in some kind of “crisis.” (Marie’s Crisis happens to be an excellent piano bar in the West Village of Manhattan, but, as Lacey writes, “no one cares about anyone else’s coincidences.”) Their interlocked stories drip with aphorism (“it is a fact that when one living thing rests its chin on another living thing, everything is fine”), defy summary and might all be a fever dream anyway.

“The Möbius Book” invites the reader to consider the overlaps between its two parts, an exercise both frustrating — all that turning back, forth and upside down — and exhilarating, because Lacey is imaginative and whimsical when considering reality, and sees truth in make-believe. The curving strip is like Lewis Carroll’s looking glass. Both halves share a broken teacup. Twins! A violent man. Bursts of sarcastic laughter. A dying dog (God?) with important spiritual wisdom to share.

Depending on how you twist, this book — defying the linear story, homage to the messy middle — is either delightfully neo-Dada or utterly maddening.

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Or, as Lacey puts it: “Symbolism is both hollow and solid, a crutch, yes, but what’s so wrong with needing help to get around?”

THE MÖBIUS BOOK | By Catherine Lacey | Farrar, Straus & Giroux | 240 pp. | $27

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Slow and Steady, Kay Ryan’s “Turtle” Poem Will Win Your Heart

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Slow and Steady, Kay Ryan’s “Turtle” Poem Will Win Your Heart

You can hear a reading of this poem, and play our game, at the bottom of the page.

Poetry teems with charismatic beasts, from Shelley’s skylark to “Aunt Jennifer’s Tigers.” A comprehensive anthology of zoological verse would be fat with doggerel and birdsong, limericks and nursery rhymes, nightingales, foxes and toads.

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But let’s slow down and take it one creature — and one poem — at a time. Consider the turtle, as captured by Kay Ryan.

Turtles may not have the charm or charisma of other beasts — they don’t dominate the human imagination like eagles or lions, or domesticate it like dogs or cats — but they have a notable presence in literature and myth. They are symbols of wisdom and longevity; their shells are sturdy enough to hold up the world. The cosmos, in one famous account, consists of “turtles all the way down.”

In Aesop’s fable, the turtle (traditionally called a tortoise, which is a type of turtle) is a winner, a perpetual underdog who defeats the arrogant hare. The tortoise’s slowness turns out to be a virtue.

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Aesop’s fable of the tortoise and the hare, as illustrated by Milo Winter.

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Ivy Close Images/Alamy

In Ryan’s poem, the turtle’s physical attributes — her cumbersome shell and short legs, above all — seem only to be liabilities. That armor may have evolved as protection against predators, but it’s a lot of baggage for a poor, halting herbivore to lug around. Her patience isn’t going to win her any races: It’s her best response to a tough break; a way of making light of a heavy situation.

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But at the same time, the poem’s mood and manner, its sense and sound, defy the constraints of turtleness. To read it a second time — or aloud — is to note how nimbly and swiftly it moves.

Want to learn this poem by heart? We’ll help.

Hearing a poem can make it more memorable. Listen to A.O. Scott read this one:

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Who would be a turtle who could help it? 

A barely mobile hard roll, a fouroared helmet, 

she can ill afford the chances she must take 

in rowing toward the grasses that she eats. 

Her track is graceless, like dragging 

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a packing case places, and almost any slope 

defeats her modest hopes. Even being practical, 

shes often stuck up to the axle on her way 

to something edible. With everything optimal, 

she skirts the ditch which would convert 

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her shell into a serving dish. She lives 

below lucklevel, never imagining some lottery 

will change her load of pottery to wings. 

Her only levity is patience, 

the sport of truly chastened things. 

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Get to know the poem better by filling in the missing words below. Start on easy mode, and
when you’re ready, try hard mode.

Question 1/7

We’ll take it one step at a time.

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Who would be a turtle who could help it? 

A barely mobile hard roll, a fouroared helmet, 

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Tap a word above to fill in the highlighted blank.

Question 1/7

Strap in.

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Who would be a turtle who could help it? 

A barely mobile hard roll, a fouroared helmet, 

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Tap a word above to fill in the highlighted blank.

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