Business
Despite Blocked US Steel Bid, Japan Won’t Stop Seeking American Deals
As signs emerged that President Biden was gearing up to stop the Japanese steel maker Nippon Steel from acquiring Pittsburgh-based U.S. Steel, top Japanese officials repeatedly warned that quashing the merger would hinder economic ties between the allies.
Japan’s biggest business lobby, Keidanren, said in September that America’s investability would be tarnished if Nippon Steel’s $15 billion bid was blocked. Prime Minister Shigeru Ishiba of Japan reached out to Mr. Biden asking him to approve the deal during what he called a critical juncture.
In the United States, during a heated presidential campaign, both Mr. Biden and his opponent, Donald J. Trump, came out against the Japanese acquisition of U.S. Steel, an iconic American company in a key electoral state. Mr. Biden on Friday stopped the merger from going forward, arguing that foreign control of U.S. Steel would jeopardize America’s national security.
Nippon Steel and U.S. Steel assailed Mr. Biden’s decision, calling the deal’s review “deeply corrupted by politics” and its rejection “shocking.” The companies said on Friday they would consider taking legal action to try to revive the deal.
But while Mr. Biden’s decision sends a worrying sign to Japanese leaders about the perils of American politics, it is not expected to stop other companies from seeking to do deals in the United States.
Japanese businesses have had little choice but to move significantly toward the United States in recent years, as they have had a harder time investing in China. Now, in anticipation of a second Trump administration, executives are even more busily lining up fresh investments in America.
For decades, Japanese companies have sought growth opportunities outside the country, where the population is aging and declining, and currency fluctuations have imperiled export activities. Much of that expansion has been aimed at the United States and China, which have long vied to be Japan’s biggest trade partner.
But it has gotten more difficult for Japanese firms to operate in China because of less-friendly regulations and competition from state-backed rivals. China’s share of Japanese foreign direct investment has declined steadily over the past half-decade, while it has climbed in the United States. Japan became the top investor in America in 2019 — a position it has maintained each year since.
While the volume of Japanese-led deals in the United States stalled slightly last year, trade experts expect investments to pick up again when President-elect Trump takes office. That is because the risk of increased tariffs gives Japanese and other foreign companies a greater incentive to invest and produce in the United States over other countries, especially China.
Japanese power companies are eyeing a number of potential investments in natural gas and other energy projects promoted by Mr. Trump. At a Trump news conference last month, Masayoshi Son, the chief executive of the Japanese technology company SoftBank, pledged to invest $100 billion in the United States over the next four years.
“Business leaders will not look at a unique case like Nippon Steel and make decisions to withhold investment in the United States,” said Masahiko Hosokawa, a professor at Meisei University and former senior official at Japan’s trade ministry. “This is not a case that will cause damage, especially in the mid- to long term.”
Japan’s biggest business publication, Nikkei, wrote on Saturday that Nippon Steel’s crushed bid was a result of a mistaken calculation that “economic rationality” would prevail even in a presidential election year.
In December 2023, when Nippon Steel announced its plans to acquire U.S. Steel, executives at the company thought the deal would proceed quickly. As the Committee on Foreign Investment in the United States reviewed the deal, Nippon Steel doubled down on its bet on the United States, withdrawing from a longstanding joint venture in China that might have elicited suspicion from regulators.
Nippon Steel’s bid instead drew intense backlash from some politicians and union leaders, who said the purchase of a storied American manufacturer by a foreign entity would undermine national security and local industry. Early on, both President Biden and President-elect Trump said they were against the deal.
As part of its bid, Nippon Steel offered a large premium on U.S. Steel shares and promised to invest billions in the American company’s plants. Takahiro Mori, the Nippon Steel executive in charge of the deal, traveled repeatedly to the United States to hold meetings with over 1,000 employees, local officials and others with a stake in the deal.
Late last month, the review committee, known as CFIUS, sent a letter to the White House saying it was unable to decide whether Nippon Steel should be allowed to buy U.S. Steel. That paved the way for President Biden to terminate the transaction.
China, at the same time, has been trying to bolster relations with Japan. Some speculate the moves were made in anticipation of a trade war between the United States and China that is expected to worsen when Mr. Trump takes office.
In November, Beijing restarted a policy allowing Japanese nationals to make short-term visits without visas. Japan has been working to ease visa requirements for Chinese visitors. In September, China said it would gradually resume Japanese imports of seafood after banning them in response to Japan’s release of treated radioactive water into the ocean.
William Chou, the deputy director of the Japan policy center at the Hudson Institute, a Washington think tank, said he viewed the Nippon Steel case as a “one-off.”
“The U.S. has a long history of being a stable environment, and China is not an attractive place to increase investments at the moment,” Mr. Chou said. “But that’s not to say Japan won’t feel the inclination to hedge its bets.”
In July, as signs emerged that Nippon Steel’s acquisition might not be approved, one of its distributors, Marubeni-Itochu Steel, said it would purchase a stake in a Spanish steel company.
A person with knowledge of the purchase said Nippon Steel was eager for Marubeni-Itochu Steel to expand its presence in Europe, an increasingly important market since hopes were fading that Nippon Steel would gain a bigger toehold in the United States.
Business
California-based company recalls thousands of cases of salad dressing over ‘foreign objects’
A California food manufacturer is recalling thousands of cases of salad dressing distributed to major retailers over potential contamination from “foreign objects.”
The company, Irvine-based Ventura Foods, recalled 3,556 cases of the dressing that could be contaminated by “black plastic planting material” in the granulated onion used, according to an alert issued by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration.
Ventura Foods voluntarily initiated the recall of the product, which was sold at Costco, Publix and several other retailers across 27 states, according to the FDA.
None of the 42 locations where the product was sold were in California.
Ventura Foods said it issued the recall after one of its ingredient suppliers recalled a batch of onion granules that the company had used n some of its dressings.
“Upon receiving notice of the supplier’s recall, we acted with urgency to remove all potentially impacted product from the marketplace. This includes urging our customers, their distributors and retailers to review their inventory, segregate and stop the further sale and distribution of any products subject to the recall,” said company spokesperson Eniko Bolivar-Murphy in an emailed statement. “The safety of our products is and will always be our top priority.”
The FDA issued its initial recall alert in early November. Costco also alerted customers at that time, noting that customers could return the products to stores for a full refund. The affected products had sell-by dates between Oct. 17 and Nov. 9.
The company recalled the following types of salad dressing:
- Creamy Poblano Avocado Ranch Dressing and Dip
- Ventura Caesar Dressing
- Pepper Mill Regal Caesar Dressing
- Pepper Mill Creamy Caesar Dressing
- Caesar Dressing served at Costco Service Deli
- Caesar Dressing served at Costco Food Court
- Hidden Valley, Buttermilk Ranch
Business
They graduated from Stanford. Due to AI, they can’t find a job
A Stanford software engineering degree used to be a golden ticket. Artificial intelligence has devalued it to bronze, recent graduates say.
The elite students are shocked by the lack of job offers as they finish studies at what is often ranked as the top university in America.
When they were freshmen, ChatGPT hadn’t yet been released upon the world. Today, AI can code better than most humans.
Top tech companies just don’t need as many fresh graduates.
“Stanford computer science graduates are struggling to find entry-level jobs” with the most prominent tech brands, said Jan Liphardt, associate professor of bioengineering at Stanford University. “I think that’s crazy.”
While the rapidly advancing coding capabilities of generative AI have made experienced engineers more productive, they have also hobbled the job prospects of early-career software engineers.
Stanford students describe a suddenly skewed job market, where just a small slice of graduates — those considered “cracked engineers” who already have thick resumes building products and doing research — are getting the few good jobs, leaving everyone else to fight for scraps.
“There’s definitely a very dreary mood on campus,” said a recent computer science graduate who asked not to be named so they could speak freely. “People [who are] job hunting are very stressed out, and it’s very hard for them to actually secure jobs.”
The shake-up is being felt across California colleges, including UC Berkeley, USC and others. The job search has been even tougher for those with less prestigious degrees.
Eylul Akgul graduated last year with a degree in computer science from Loyola Marymount University. She wasn’t getting offers, so she went home to Turkey and got some experience at a startup. In May, she returned to the U.S., and still, she was “ghosted” by hundreds of employers.
“The industry for programmers is getting very oversaturated,” Akgul said.
The engineers’ most significant competitor is getting stronger by the day. When ChatGPT launched in 2022, it could only code for 30 seconds at a time. Today’s AI agents can code for hours, and do basic programming faster with fewer mistakes.
Data suggests that even though AI startups like OpenAI and Anthropic are hiring many people, it is not offsetting the decline in hiring elsewhere. Employment for specific groups, such as early-career software developers between the ages of 22 and 25 has declined by nearly 20% from its peak in late 2022, according to a Stanford study.
It wasn’t just software engineers, but also customer service and accounting jobs that were highly exposed to competition from AI. The Stanford study estimated that entry-level hiring for AI-exposed jobs declined 13% relative to less-exposed jobs such as nursing.
In the Los Angeles region, another study estimated that close to 200,000 jobs are exposed. Around 40% of tasks done by call center workers, editors and personal finance experts could be automated and done by AI, according to an AI Exposure Index curated by resume builder MyPerfectResume.
Many tech startups and titans have not been shy about broadcasting that they are cutting back on hiring plans as AI allows them to do more programming with fewer people.
Anthropic Chief Executive Dario Amodei said that 70% to 90% of the code for some products at his company is written by his company’s AI, called Claude. In May, he predicted that AI’s capabilities will increase until close to 50% of all entry-level white-collar jobs might be wiped out in five years.
A common sentiment from hiring managers is that where they previously needed ten engineers, they now only need “two skilled engineers and one of these LLM-based agents,” which can be just as productive, said Nenad Medvidović, a computer science professor at the University of Southern California.
“We don’t need the junior developers anymore,” said Amr Awadallah, CEO of Vectara, a Palo Alto-based AI startup. “The AI now can code better than the average junior developer that comes out of the best schools out there.”
To be sure, AI is still a long way from causing the extinction of software engineers. As AI handles structured, repetitive tasks, human engineers’ jobs are shifting toward oversight.
Today’s AIs are powerful but “jagged,” meaning they can excel at certain math problems yet still fail basic logic tests and aren’t consistent. One study found that AI tools made experienced developers 19% slower at work, as they spent more time reviewing code and fixing errors.
Students should focus on learning how to manage and check the work of AI as well as getting experience working with it, said John David N. Dionisio, a computer science professor at LMU.
Stanford students say they are arriving at the job market and finding a split in the road; capable AI engineers can find jobs, but basic, old-school computer science jobs are disappearing.
As they hit this surprise speed bump, some students are lowering their standards and joining companies they wouldn’t have considered before. Some are creating their own startups. A large group of frustrated grads are deciding to continue their studies to beef up their resumes and add more skills needed to compete with AI.
“If you look at the enrollment numbers in the past two years, they’ve skyrocketed for people wanting to do a fifth-year master’s,” the Stanford graduate said. “It’s a whole other year, a whole other cycle to do recruiting. I would say, half of my friends are still on campus doing their fifth-year master’s.”
After four months of searching, LMU graduate Akgul finally landed a technical lead job at a software consultancy in Los Angeles. At her new job, she uses AI coding tools, but she feels like she has to do the work of three developers.
Universities and students will have to rethink their curricula and majors to ensure that their four years of study prepare them for a world with AI.
“That’s been a dramatic reversal from three years ago, when all of my undergraduate mentees found great jobs at the companies around us,” Stanford’s Liphardt said. “That has changed.”
Business
Disney+ to be part of a streaming bundle in Middle East
Walt Disney Co. is expanding its presence in the Middle East, inking a deal with Saudi media conglomerate MBC Group and UAE firm Anghami to form a streaming bundle.
The bundle will allow customers in Bahrain, Kuwait, Oman, Qatar, Saudi Arabia and the UAE to access a trio of streaming services — Disney+; MBC Group’s Shahid, which carries Arabic originals, live sports and events; and Anghami’s OSN+, which carries Arabic productions as well as Hollywood content.
The trio bundle costs AED89.99 per month, which is the price of two of the streaming services.
“This deal reflects a shared ambition between Disney+, Shahid and the MBC Group to shape the future of entertainment in the Middle East, a region that is seeing dynamic growth in the sector,” Karl Holmes, senior vice president and general manager of Disney+ EMEA, said in a statement.
Disney has already indicated it plans to grow in the Middle East.
Earlier this year, the company announced it would be building a new theme park in Abu Dhabi in partnership with local firm Miral, which would provide the capital, construction resources and operational oversight. Under the terms of the agreement, Disney would oversee the parks’ design, license its intellectual property and provide “operational expertise,” as well as collect a royalty.
Disney executives said at the time that the decision to build in the Middle East was a way to reach new audiences who were too far from the company’s current hubs in the U.S., Europe and Asia.
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