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Garnet Blows Up, and Making California Forestry More Wildfire Resilient. – The Lookout

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Garnet Blows Up, and Making California Forestry More Wildfire Resilient. – The Lookout


The Garnet Fire has gobbled about 20 square miles in the past 12 hours. We’ll catch you up on where this new growth is happening.

Also, a meandering conversation about the complicated world of California forestry, and the many economic obstacles of pivoting the industry to more wildfire resilient practices.

Lookout Livestream

AI Summary, edited by Zeke.

The Garnet fire in Fresno expanded by 20 square miles, crossing Dinkey Creek and threatening McKinley Grove. The fire is being driven by extreme fuel loading, inaccessible terrain, and long-range spotting. The fire’s intensity is attributed to the lack of recent fire history, and heavy drought-induced tree mortality, which has left extremely loading of dead and down fuels. The fire’s progression was monitored via Delilah and Fence Meadow cameras, and by IR mapping of the fire from the night of 9/6, an IR satelliteimage taken at noon on 9/7, and IR flights at 13:30 and 16:30 on 9/7.

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The discussion also covered the broader implications of fire management, including the role of private timberland owners, the impact of climate change, and the challenges of prescribed fire implementation. The conversation highlighted the need for comprehensive forest management strategies that are focused on what the fuels look like after the logging is complete. Zeke Lunder discusses the complexities of forestry and biomass energy, highlighting the economic challenges of financing new power plants, and the need for long-term sources of fuels to keep the plants running over the life of the investment in the plant. He notes that biomass power plants don’t pencil out without subsidies being paid to the operators. Lunder emphasizes the need for sustainable logging practices to manage fuel loads and reduce fire hazards. He mentions the historical role of logging in creating today’s overstocked forests, and how the removal of the largest trees has created more fire-prone forest structures. Lunder also highlights the need for community involvement in forest management and advocates for better education on sustainable practices. He promotes his website for more in-depth discussions on forest management and ecology.

Garnet Fire Overview and Initial Discussion

  • Zeke Lunder introduces the Lookout Sunday edition, focusing on the Garnet Fire in Fresno.
  • The Garnet fire has significantly increased in size, adding about 20 square miles today.
  • Zeke discusses the geography of the central and southern Sierra, including the Kings River and Dinkey Creek.
  • The fire has been active near Dinky Creek, with significant burning observed from the Delilah camera.

Fire Operations and Geographic Context

  • Zeke explains the firing operations along the road and the north end of the fire.
  • The current fire spread is aided by long-range spotting. The biggest obstacle to containment of the fire is the lack of access.
  • The fire has made a significant run into the area below McKinley Grove.

Fire Behavior and Contingency Lines

  • The fire crossed Dinkey Creek and a large area has burned burn up the slope towards and around Oak Flat campground.
  • The fire has been dramatic to watch on the Fence Meadow camera, with significant burning observed.
  • A contingency line has been built to try to hold the fire, with infrared flights showing the fire hasn’t crossed it in a big way.
  • The fire is likely to burn all the way to Camp Fresno, with no significant structures in the immediate area.

Private Industry and Fire Management

  • Zeke discusses the role of private industry in managing forests and the challenges they face.
  • The timber industry has been doing significant work in salvage logging and replanting after large fires in the past 15 years.
  • The industry is facing challenges in managing forests due to the impact of climate change and their inability to use fire as a management tool.
  • The industry is receiving more grant money to do fuel breaks and replanting in recently burned areas.

Historical Context and Legal Challenges

  • The Moonlight Fire in 2007 led to significant legal wrangling between Sierra Pacific Industries and Federal government.
  • The fire started on private land and burned federal land, leading to a $100 million fine for Sierra Pacific Industries.
  • The legal precedent has made private timber companies hesitant to burn on their land.
  • The industry has been largely-focused on cutting dead trees killed by the fires of the past decade, leaving limited capacity to actively manage unburned lands, especially on smaller landholdings.

Prioritizing Suppression over Land Management

Zeke argues that firefighting receives far more resources, flexibility, and funding compared to hazard mitigation. Specifically, he points out:

  1. Suppression Budget
  • Firefighting never has to justify its budget during an active incident
  • Agencies spend massive amounts (like $5 million in retardant in a single day on a large fire)
  • No environmental documentation required for emergency actions – bulldozers can do whatever they want.
  1. Regulatory Constraints on Mitigation
  • Prescribed fire and forest thinning require:- Years of studies and environmental surveys – Extensive rare plant reviews – Strict regulatory hurdles
  1. Resource Allocation
  • During wildfires, agencies get:- Unlimited resources – Flexible regulations – Catering – Full contractor support
  1. Mitigation Challenges
  • Prescribed fire and thinning face significant bureaucratic obstacles
  • Limited funding and regulatory support
  • Difficult to implement large-scale projects

His key argument is: “Until we give prescribed fire and fuels management the same leeway, environmentally, budget-wise, and resources as suppression, we’re just talking.” Zeke suggests agencies should “take off the gloves” and apply the same aggressive, well-resourced approach to forest management that they use during firefighting.

Future of Fire Management and Prescribed Fire

  • Zeke discusses the need for prescribed fire and thinning to manage forests, he posits that one of the only good reasons to do large fuel breaks in remote areas is to be able to burn the lands adjacent to them.

On ‘Environmentalism’

Zeke strongly criticizes national environmental groups like Sierra Club and Natural Resources Defense Council (NRDC) for their simplistic approach to forest policy. He argues they:

  1. Pander to donors with oversimplified messaging like “logging is bad”
  2. Lack understanding of regional forest management nuances
  3. Want sound-bite management strategies
  4. Aim to stop commercial timber sales without considering local complexities
  5. Equate logging with tropical deforestation, and little else
  6. Are not interested in nuanced forest management solutions

He specifically advises people to stop donating to these national groups and instead support local organizations like prescribed burn associations that understand local forest management needs.

Biomass Power Plants and Carbon Emissions

According to Zeke, national environmental groups like NRDC oppose biomass thinning primarily because they argue it’s not carbon neutral, and contributes to global warming. Zeke disagrees with this stance, suggesting that biomass harvesting can actually help preserve healthy forests by creating economic incentives for thinning and removing sub-merchantable wood that could fuel wildfires.
He criticizes these groups for taking a blanket position against biomass without considering the potential forest management benefits, especially in areas which are exposed to extreme fire hazards that still have green forests.

  • Zeke Lunder discusses the survival of certain plants post-Dixie and the need for a comprehensive plan.
  • He mentions the environmental impact of biomass power plants, which emit carbon dioxide.
  • Zeke highlights the economic challenges of building and maintaining biomass power plants.
  • The discussion includes the reliance on sub-merchantable wood and the impact of natural disasters like the Dixie fire on biomass plant operations.

Economic Feasibility of Biomass Plants

  • Zeke explains that large biomass-energy plants in California were initially subsidized by utilities to make them economically viable.
  • He emphasizes the high costs of moving and processing wood for biomass plants.
  • The conversation touches on the need for subsidies to support biomass energy production.
  • Zeke mentions the role of local plants in creating local power and reducing the need for high-voltage transmission lines.

Zeke highlights several key economic constraints for building biomass power plants:

  1. High Initial Cost
  • Costs $50-200 million to build a biomass plant
  • Requires long-term investment (40-50 years)
  1. Fuel Supply Challenges
  • Requires consistent supply of sub-merchantable wood
  • Fires or forest destruction can disrupt local wood supply
  • May require expensive wood transportation from distant areas
  1. Lack of Economic Viability
  • Without government subsidies, plants are not financially sustainable
  • Cost of moving, chipping, and hauling wood is prohibitively expensive
  • Utilities need financial incentives to purchase biomass-generated energy
  1. Market Uncertainty
  • Climate change and mega fires create unpredictability in wood supply
  • Investors are hesitant to commit to long-term infrastructure with uncertain future forest conditions
  1. Operational Risks
  • A major fire destroying local forests can quickly make a biomass plant’s wood supply unsustainable
  • High operational costs compared to traditional energy generation

Zeke suggests that without consistent government subsidies and a stable wood supply, biomass power plants are economically challenging to develop and maintain.

Logging and Fire Management

  • Zeke Lunder discusses the historical role of logging in reducing fire hazards.
  • He explains the impact of climate change and fire suppression on modern fire risks on lands which were heavily logged in the 20th century.
  • The conversation includes the need for sustainable logging practices to manage fuel loads.
  • Zeke highlights the high costs of cleaning up slash and the reluctance of timber companies to invest in this process.

Community Involvement in Forest Management

  • Zeke suggests encouraging public participation in forest management through activities like cutting small trees around campgrounds.
  • He discusses the potential for community members to manage small-scale forest thinning.
  • The conversation includes the need for basic knowledge and guidelines for public forest management.
  • Zeke emphasizes the importance of active forest management to prevent fire hazards.
  • Zeke suggests bringing back the Civilian Conservation Corps (CCC) or similar programs for forest management.

Promoting Forest Management Knowledge

  • Zeke encourages people to visit the Lookout website for more information on forest management.
  • He highlights the various topics covered on the website, including forest ecology and management history.
  • The conversation includes a call for subscribers to support the Lookout’s work.
  • Zeke mentions upcoming interviews and projects focused on forest management and ecology.

 



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Two girls, 9 and 11, awarded $31.5m after sister’s California torture death

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Two girls, 9 and 11, awarded .5m after sister’s California torture death


A lawsuit over the death of an 11-year-old California girl who was allegedly tortured and starved by her adoptive family reached a settlement on Friday totaling $31.5m from the city and county of San Diego as well as other groups.

The suit was brought on behalf of the two younger sisters of Arabella McCormack, who died in August 2022. The girls were ages six and seven at the time. Their adoptive mother, Leticia McCormack, and McCormack’s parents, Adella and Stanley Tom, are facing charges of murder, conspiracy, child abuse and torture. They pleaded not guilty to all charges, and their criminal case is ongoing.

Arabella McCormack. Photograph: San Diego county sheriff’s office

The lawsuit alleged a systemic failure across the city and several agencies and organizations to not report Arabella McCormack’s abuse.

The settlement includes $10m from the city of San Diego, $10m from San Diego county, $8.5m from the Pacific Coast Academy and $3m from the Rock church, the sisters’ attorney, Craig McClellan, said. The school oversaw Arabella McCormack’s home schooling, and her adoptive mother was an ordained elder at the church.

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“The amount is going to be enough to take care of the girls for the rest of the lives,” McClellan said. But it “isn’t going to be enough and never could be enough … to replace their sister, nor is it going to erase the memories of what they went through”.

The lawsuit said county social workers did not properly investigate abuse claims and two teachers at the Pacific Coast Academy failed to report the girl’s condition. It also said a San Diego police officer, a friend of the girl’s adoptive mother, gave the family a wooden paddle that they could use to hit their children.

San Diego sheriff’s deputies responded to a call of a child in distress at the McCormack home 30 August 2022. They found Arabella McCormack severely malnourished with bruises, authorities said. She was taken to a hospital, where she died.

Her sisters are now nine and 11 and living with a foster mother. They are in good health and “doing pretty well considering all things”, McClellan said.



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California High School Wrestlers To Watch – FloWrestling

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California High School Wrestlers To Watch – FloWrestling


California consistently produces an incredible amount of high school wrestling talent. The current crop of high schoolers from The Golden State has piled up a massive collection of accolades and has major next-level potential. Here’s a look at some of the top wrestlers to watch this year in California. 

Michael Bernabe (Fresno) — Freshman, 106 pounds

Bernabe is one of the top freshmen in the country and is currently ranked second nationally at 106 pounds. Bernabe had a productive offseason, placing sixth in Fargo and third at the Super 32. He will be looking to run the table and win a California state title as a freshman, but it will not come easily. He will likely have #3 Luke Loren and #5 Thales Silva, both of whom are also incredible freshmen who finished fourth and fifth, respectively, at Super 32, as well as #4 Eli Mendoza. 

Rocklin Zinkin (Buchanan) — Senior, 120 pounds

Zinkin is one of the nation’s fastest-rising prospects. The two-time California state finalist won his first state championship last season at 113 pounds and followed that up with an eye-popping summer, finishing third at U17 World Team Trials, winning Fargo in the Junior division and looking incredible at Super 32 on his way to the 120-pound belt. Those showings propelled Zinkin from #100 on the 2026 Big Board up to #11. The Oklahoma State commit is currently ranked #2 in the country at 120 pounds and could have a showdown with two-time U17 World Champion Sammy Sanchez this season in his quest to close his career with a second state title. 

Watch Zinkin dominate in the Super 32 finals

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Samuel Sanchez (Esperanza) — Sophomore, 120 pounds

The #1 prospect in the Class of 2028 Big Board is the truth. After winning the U17 World Championships in 2024, Sanchez won a state title as a freshman last season at 106 pounds and then one-upped himself by going back-to-back with his second U17 World title at 51 kg this summer in Athens, helping lead Team USA to the team championship. Sanchez is so much fun to watch, and if we were to get a matchup between him and Zinkin, it could be one of the nation’s most anticipated high school matches of the season. 

Watch Sanchez win his second U17 World Championship

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Moses Mendoza (Gilroy) — Senior, 132 pounds

Mendoza is another Californian who has made big jumps heading into his senior campaign. The returning state champion for Daniel Cormier’s Gilroy High School team placed third at the state tournament in 2024. He has a lengthy list of freestyle accolades. The Michigan recruit defeated his former high school teammate, Isaiah Cortez, for the Fargo Junior freestyle title at 132 pounds this summer and won Super 32 in October. The nation’s second-ranked 132-pounder could have a big test in front of him for his second state title in #3 Ashton Besmer. 

Watch Mendoza win his Super 32 belt

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Ashton Besmer (Buchanan) — Senior, 132 pounds

Besmer put together an incredible run to make the U17 World Team at 60 kilograms, punctuated by a sweep of U17 World champion Paul Kenny in the best-of-three championship series. Besmer also notched wins against Moses Mendoza and Manuel Saldate on his way to a Doc B title last season before finishing third at the state tournament. The Army West Point commit has worked his way up to #3 in the national rankings at 132 pounds and could be looking at a rubber match with Mendoza this season. Last year in the Doc B semifinals, Besmer defeated Mendoza 22-15 in a crazy match, but just two weeks later Mendoza got his revenge in the Five Counties finals with a 16-1 tech fall in two periods. 

Watch Besmer defeat Saldate for the 2025 Doc B title

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Joseph Toscano (Buchanan) — Senior, 144 pounds

The third and final Buchanan wrestler on this list, Toscano is a three-time California state runner-up, He won a Doc B title as a freshman back in 2023, followed by two runner-up finishes, and has also been fourth at Super 32 the last two years. The Cornell commit is looking to get over the final hurdle on his way to a state championship, but it won’t be easy. Along the way,  Toscano could match up with the likes of #7 Ivan Arias and #17 Arseni Kikiniou. 

Arseni Kikiniou (Poway) — Junior, 144 pounds

Arseni Kikiniou is an interesting prospect and a guy to watch this season. Kikiniou’s father was a Greco-Roman World bronze medalist and Olympian for Belarus before their family moved to the United States, and his influence is evident in Arseni’s wrestling. Arseni claimed a bronze medal in Greco and a silver in freestyle at the U17 World Championships this summer. Arseni has placed second and fifth, respectively, in his first two state tournament appearances. He recently made his commitment to Cornell and will be making a big jump up in weight this season to 144 pounds. It’ll be intriguing to see if his international success translates to even more folkstyle success this season, especially with a possible showdown with future Cornell teammate Toscano on the horizon. 

Watch Kikiniou win his U17 Greco-Roman World bronze medal

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Mason Ontiveros (Pitman) — Senior, 175 pounds

Ontiveros has had an impressive 2025, finishing second at the state tournament, taking third at NHSCAs, and placing second in Fargo in the Junior division at 175 pounds. This has vaulted Ontiveros up to #6 in the country at the weight. Ontiveros is an Oklahoma recruit who will be looking to close out his career with a state title in what could be an interesting weight class in California. As it currently stands, we could see #7 Mario Carini, #9 Travis Grace, #12 Isai Fernandez and #14 Slava Shahbazyana, along with Ontiveros, all battling it out for the 175-pound California state championship this season.

Watch Ontivero’s win in the 2025 Fargo Junior semifinals

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Coby Merrill (JW North) — Senior, 285 pounds 

Coby Merrill is one of the most physical wrestlers in the country at any weight class. After state runner-up finishes as a freshman and sophomore, Merrill dominated the 285-pound field last season, finishing 48-0 with 44 falls. Merrill finished sixth at the U20 World Team Trials this summer and finished second in Fargo. The second-ranked heavyweight in the country is a heavy favorite to win his second state title this season. 





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Dramatic explosion caught on video destroys homes, injures six, officials say

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Dramatic explosion caught on video destroys homes, injures six, officials say


A natural gas line leak triggered a dramatic explosion that destroyed a Bay Area home on Thursday, injuring six people and damaging several other properties.

At least one person was inside the home before it was leveled in the blast. The individual managed to escape without injury, but six others were hurt, including three who suffered serious injuries, Alameda County Fire Department spokesperson Cheryl Hurd said.

“It was a chaotic scene,” Hurd said. “There was fire and debris and smoke everywhere, power lines down, people self-evacuated from the home. … Someone was on the sidewalk with severe burns.”

The leak started after a third-party construction crew working Thursday morning in the 800 block of East Lewelling Boulevard in Hayward struck a Pacific Gas and Electric underground natural gas line, according to a statement from the utility.

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Fire crews were first dispatched to the scene at 7:46 a.m. after PG&E reported a suspected natural gas leak, Hurd said. PG&E officials were already on scene when fire engines arrived, and reportedly told firefighters their assistance was not needed, Hurd said.

Utility workers attempted to isolate the damaged line, but gas was leaking from multiple locations. Workers shut off the flow of gas at about 9:25 a.m. About ten minutes later an explosion occurred, PG&E said in a statement.

Fire crews were called back to the same address, where at least 75 firefighters encountered heavy flames and a thick column of smoke. Surrounding homes sustained damage from the blast and falling debris. Three buildings were destroyed on two separate properties and several others were damaged, according to fire officials.

Six people were taken to Eden Medical Center, including three with severe injuries requiring immediate transport. Officials declined to comment on the nature of their injuries.

Video captured from a Ring doorbell affixed to a neighboring house showed an excavator digging near the home moments before the explosion. The blast rattled nearby homes, shattered windows and sent construction crews running.

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Initially, authorities suspected that two people were missing after the blast. That was determined not to be the case, Hurd said.

“They brought in two cadaver dogs looking to see if anyone was still trapped under the rubble, and the dogs cleared everything,” Hurd said.

Brittany Maldonado had just returned from dropping off her son at school Thursday morning when she noticed a PG&E employee checking out her gas meter. He informed her that there was an issue and they had to turn off the gas to her home.

She didn’t think twice about it.

“About 45 minutes later, everything shakes,” she told reporters at the scene. “It was a big boom…first we think someone ran into our house—a truck or something—and then we look outside and it’s like a war zone.”

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The house across the street was leveled, Maldonado said. When she watched the footage from her Ring camera she said it looked as though a bomb inside the home had gone off.

“I’m very glad that no one lost their lives,” she said.

Officials with the Sheriff’s Office, PG&E and the National Transportation Safety Board are continuing to investigate the circumstances that led to the explosion.

In 2010, a PG&E pipeline ruptured in a San Bruno neighborhood, destroying 38 homes and killing eight people. California regulators later approved a $1.6-billion fine against the utility for violating state and federal pipeline safety standards.

Staff writer Hannah Fry contributed to this report

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