Health
A common killer bug is endangering Americans: ‘Pandemic in plain sight’
Five years after the worldwide hyperfocus on COVID-19 began, some are concerned about the next pandemic — whether it could be caused by influenza, bird flu or another pathogen.
Too easily overlooked are non-influenza, non-COVID viruses and bacteria that are burgeoning and spreading unchecked — both in the U.S. and around the world. While they may not cause the next pandemic, they do cause a lot of illness and death.
One such bacteria is Streptococcus Group A, an old enemy that colonizes the throat and tonsils of close to 20% of U.S. children, according to Dr. Joshua Osowicki, team leader and senior research fellow at the Murdoch Children’s Research Institute in Melbourne, Australia.
CDC WARNS OF INCREASE IN INVASIVE STRAIN OF STREP THROAT IN US
This problematic bacterial strain is easily treated with penicillin drugs when it causes a clinical infection, Osowicki told Fox News Digital in an on-camera interview. (See the video at the top of this article.)
But the problem, he said, is that because the bacteria may be harbored, the diagnosis isn’t always found early enough.
The Streptococcus Group A bacteria has been on the rise around the world, doctors warn. (iStock)
Scarlet fever and rheumatic fever/rheumatic heart disease can result from recurrent or untreated strep — and they are on the increase again in areas without adequate medical care, including parts of the U.S.
“Rheumatic heart disease is a chronic, non-infectious illness that occurs after untreated group-based streptococcal infections — and almost certainly after multiple untreated, group-based streptoococcus infections,” Osowicki said.
STREP THROAT INFECTIONS HAVE SPIKED ABOVE PRE-COVID HIGHS, SAYS REPORT: ‘WE’VE MISSED CASES’
His research reveals that the prevalence of a life-threatening invasive version of strep Group A — which can include deep-rooted skin infections, sepsis, meningitis and deadly pneumonia — is on the rise around the world.
The aggressive skin infections, which are associated with intravenous drug use, can lead to the need for repeated surgeries, along with antibiotics.
A life-threatening invasive version of strep Group A can include deep-rooted skin infections, sepsis, meningitis and deadly pneumonia. (iStock)
In the U.S., there have been more than double the annual incidents of invasive Group A strep in 10 states, affecting about 35 million Americans between 2013 and 2022, with 21,000 cases and about 2,000 deaths, according to Osowicki.
“In many ways, it’s a pandemic in plain sight,” he said of Group A strep, adding that close to a billion people likely experience symptomatic disease from the bacteria each year.
“It actually does its damage in severe, life-threatening cases before the patient receives antibiotics.”
The important thing with group A strep, according to the doctor, is that antibiotic resistance isn’t the primary issue.
“Group A strep is reliably killed by penicillin — and has been since 1941 when penicillin was introduced,” Osowicki noted.
Strep A colonizes the throat and tonsils of close to 20% of U.S. children, according to the researcher. (iStock)
“The point is that it actually does its damage in severe, life-threatening cases before the patient receives antibiotics. There’s this period where it is too hard to diagnose and treatment comes too late.”
In those cases, he said, the patients need ICUs, surgery and “the most intensive treatment we have to offer.”
Among patients over the age of 65 or so, a quarter of them will die with this form of the disease, according to Osowicki.
Need for a vaccine
There is not currently a vaccine for Group A strep.
While the more common form of strep throat and minor skin infections are “less scary,” Osowicki warned of the dangers of overlooking the more invasive version of the disease.
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“We look away sometimes from the life-threatening infections that we struggle to prevent, diagnose and treat, (until) these become the front-page sepsis cases that you see in the newspaper many weeks of the year,” he said.
“They’re headline-catching cases. They’re the cases like Rory Staunton in New York, whose tragic death (in 2012 from sepsis) really triggered the state census mandates across the U.S.”
There are up to 10 different group-based strep vaccines in development, ranging from entirely pre-clinical vaccines that have never seen a person to vaccines that have been tested in phase 1 trials. (iStock)
The need for an effective vaccine is clear — both for invasive strep and the more common variety. Osowicki and others in his group are working hard on developing them.
“The current thrust of my research is all vaccine-related,” he shared. “We do what are called human challenge trials, where we deliberately infect healthy adult volunteers with group A strep, painting it on their tonsils. And we do that in a very careful way, in an inpatient environment.”
The researchers also provide early antibiotic treatments and collect throat swabs, blood and saliva to study how the human-only pathogen works and to explore ways to stop it.
“The ultimate goal is that it becomes a really high-powered platform to establish the efficacy of vaccines,” said Osowicki.
There are many vaccine candidates in various stages of development, from the protein-adjuvant kind (like Shingrix or the Novavax COVID vaccine) to the MRNA platform and various other kinds, the researcher said.
“We’re working with every vaccine company that has a group-based streptococcal vaccine candidate in development,” he said.
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There are up to 10 different group-based strep vaccines in development, ranging from entirely pre-clinical vaccines that have never seen a person to vaccines that have been tested in phase 1 trials, Osowicki noted.
The goal, the researcher said, is to “create a vaccine that the world wants, that the world accepts, that the world says is safe, and that will help our children.”
He said he is concerned about vaccine skepticism, particularly after the COVID pandemic, which can keep people from trusting the emerging science.
Still, the researcher is excited about the future of the strep A vaccine and others, though he expects it could take at least five to 10 years before a worthy candidate reaches doctors’ offices.
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The new vaccine will be geared toward adults with skin infections, as well as the many millions of children who are at risk of both mild and severe disease.
The goal, Osowicki said, is to “create a vaccine that the world wants, that the world accepts, that the world says is safe, and that will help our children.”
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Health
Doctor shares 3 simple changes to stay healthy and independent as you age
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Living longer isn’t just about making it to 100 anymore, experts say. It’s about feeling your best once you get there.
Dr. Mary Claire Haver, a certified menopause specialist and founder of The ‘Pause Life, said it’s possible to optimize health for a longer life with simple lifestyle changes.
“Hormone therapy can be a tool in the toolkit, but we can’t ignore nutrition, strength training and getting adequate sleep,” she told Fox News Digital. “Focusing on those core pillars of health will provide the whole package so she can age well.”
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The expert, who is also an associate professor of obstetrics and gynecology at the University of Texas Medical Branch, dove into the following three adjustments to improve energy, weight and overall well-being.
No. 1: Prioritize sleep
Sleep is Haver’s top priority for improving well-being and energy.
“If you’re not sleeping, everything else tends to fall apart,” she said.
“If you’re not sleeping, everything else tends to fall apart,” the expert told Fox News Digital. (iStock)
The health expert recommends sleeping in a cool, dark room and using an eye mask or blackout curtains if necessary.
It’s also best to stop using phones and other electronics before bed, including the TV. “Your bed should be for intimacy and for sleeping — that’s it,” Haver said.
INSUFFICIENT SLEEP LINKED TO MAJOR HIDDEN HEALTH RISK, STUDY REVEALS
Sleep is a “core pillar of health,” she noted, adding research has shown that inconsistent rest can exacerbate certain neurological conditions like dementia.
“If you’re not sleeping, everything else tends to fall apart.”
“We cycle in and out of different sleep stages, so we have REM sleep where we’re dreaming, [and] we have deep sleep,” Haver said. “Deep sleep is when your brain, it’s like a washing machine … It’s washing out all those negative proteins.
“So, if you’re not hitting that deep sleep, you’re missing that opportunity for your brain to reset, and that is where we see the increasing risk of dementia.”
No. 2: Eat a nutritious diet
Following a nutritious diet is another essential component of good health. In particular, Haver’s “top tip” is to add fiber to a balanced diet.
“Most women get 10 to 12 grams per day,” she said. “You need 25 plus, 35 plus [grams] for heart health.”
“Fibermaxxing” has become a popular nutrition trend, which encourages the addition of more fiber into a daily diet.
POPULAR ‘FIBERMAXXING’ DIET TREND NOT RIGHT FOR EVERYONE, NUTRITIONIST SAYS
Nutrition experts agree this approach can boost gastrointestinal and heart health, while helping with weight management and the prevention of diabetes and certain cancers. More fiber can also help people feel fuller throughout the day, while minimizing cravings.
Experts recommend introducing fiber slowly because, for some people, adding too much right away can cause cramping, bloating and constipation.
“Fibermaxxing” has become a popular nutrition trend, encouraging the addition of more fiber into the daily diet. (iStock)
No. 3. Incorporate regular movement
Moving your body throughout the day and getting intentional exercise is key to living longer and staying healthy, per various research and experts.
While walking is a great way to boost wellness and help with weight loss, Haver noted that it may not be enough for some individuals with certain conditions.
“A lot of women, most of my patients, are walking,” she said. “I love walking, but you really need to protect your bones and muscles, and strength training is the quickest and easiest way to do that.”
Haver encourages women to hit the gym and lift heavy weights, as it’s “actually going to serve you as you age.”
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The independence gap
Although lifespan has been increasing, Haver noted that women tend to struggle more as they age.
“Women by and large are having a rougher go in that last decade and losing their independence,” she told Fox News Digital.
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The doctor, who only sees menopausal patients, shared that “not one woman” has come into her office saying she wants to live to be 120 years old.
As many women have witnessed their mothers and aunts lose their own independence with age, Haver said her patients’ priorities have shifted from “help me live longer” to “keep me out of a nursing home.”
Many women have witnessed their mothers and grandmothers lose their independence with age, the expert shared. (iStock)
Women are being diagnosed more often with conditions that hinder their ability to care for themselves at home. The two most common drivers of that, Haver said, are dementia and frailty.
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“Loss of muscle mass leads to such weakness that you can’t do your activities of daily living, [and] loss of cognitive ability [means] you cannot take care of yourself,” she said.
“What’s the point of living to 120 if you are in a bed and can’t take care of yourself?”
“That’s what is driving women to make these changes — not to look a certain way or weigh a certain weight,” Haver said. “They care about staying as healthy and independent as long as possible. … I mean, what’s the point of living to 120 if you are in a bed and can’t take care of yourself?”
Stimulating the brain and getting regular movement can boost overall well-being. (iStock)
The expert reiterated the importance of stimulating the brain for longevity, perhaps by reading a book, learning a new skill or playing a challenging game rather than watching TV or scrolling on a phone.
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“Do something fun with your time when your brain is constantly being interactive,” she suggested. “Also, don’t isolate yourself. So often, we see the older generation tend to become more isolated.
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“Be active in your community. Join a cooking class. Do something that is going to foster your relationships so that you have a higher chance of being happier, healthier and more active as you age.”
Health
Certain bitter foods may trigger a brain response similar to working out, study finds
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The dry, puckering sensation you get from dark chocolate, red wine, tea or berries could actually be activating your brain in a way similar to exercise, according to a new study.
New research from Japan suggests that flavanols — plant compounds found in these foods — may stimulate the brain not by being absorbed into the bloodstream, but by triggering a sensory response tied to their bitter taste.
“The key finding of this experiment is that it first demonstrated how flavanol intake stimulation — likely the bitter taste — is transmitted to the central nervous system, triggering a stress response reaction that enhances short-term memory and produces beneficial effects on the circulatory system,” professor Naomi Osakabe of Shibaura Institute of Technology in Japan told Fox News Digital.
EXERCISE AFFECTS THE HEART IN A HIDDEN, POWERFUL WAY BY REWIRING NERVES, STUDY FINDS
“It was surprising that flavanol’s brain activity-enhancing effect occurred at a very low dose,” she added.
Flavanols found in cocoa, red wine and berries may stimulate sensory nerves that enhance focus and alertness. (iStock)
In experiments on mice, a single dose of flavanols increased spontaneous activity and improved performance on memory tests, according to the study, published in Current Research in Food Science.
Researchers also observed rapid activation of brain regions involved in attention, arousal and stress regulation.
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Because very little of the flavanols people consume actually enter the bloodstream, researchers believe they may instead influence the brain and heart by stimulating sensory nerves.
The researchers describe the concept as part of an emerging field known as sensory nutrition, the idea that the taste and physical sensations of food may directly regulate biological functions. This could eventually lead to new types of foods that combine appealing taste and beneficial physiological effects.
Berries are a natural source of flavanols, plant compounds being studied for potential cognitive and cardiovascular benefits. (iStock)
The response resembles what happens during mild exercise, which is a temporary activation of the sympathetic nervous system sometimes described as a fight-or-flight response. This type of short-term stress can sharpen focus and alertness.
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“While it is clear that healthy foods contribute to maintaining and enhancing homeostasis, the mechanisms remain largely unclear,” Osakabe said. “Notably, this study identified the potential for the taste of food components to regulate biological functions.”
The study does have limitations, as the research was conducted on animals and foods are complex mixtures of many compounds that may interact with one another.
The brain’s response to flavanols resembles the temporary “fight-or-flight” activation seen during mild exercise. (iStock)
Larger, human studies are needed to determine whether the effects seen in mice also occur in people.
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“I do not believe people, including most doctors, are aware that a taste of a specific molecule or compound can rapidly trigger major changes in the brain,” Dr. Johnson Moon, a neurologist at Providence St. Jude Medical Center in California, previously told Fox News Digital regarding sensory nutrition.
More data is needed before foods like dark chocolate can be recommended, especially because calories, sugar and fat could outweigh the benefits, Moon said.
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Still, Osakabe noted that previous long-term human studies on cocoa flavanols have suggested cardiovascular and cognitive benefits. For now, she recommends a balanced, plant-forward diet.
Experts say more research is needed before flavanol-rich foods can be recommended specifically for cognitive benefits. (iStock)
“I believe consuming plant-based foods like cocoa, berries, and red wine, along with fruits and vegetables, can help maintain health,” she said.
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Major health organizations say that if adults choose to drink alcohol, they should do so in moderation — up to one drink per day for women and two for men — and emphasize that no amount of alcohol is completely risk-free.
Fox News Digital’s Melissa Rudy contributed to this report.
Health
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