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Increased Tax Credit Provides Welcome Relief to U.K. Independent Film Industry

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Increased Tax Credit Provides Welcome Relief to U.K. Independent Film Industry

The announcement of the U.K.’s new Independent Film Tax Credit (IFTC) back in March had a near instantaneous impact, at least in the case of one film production.

“Giant,” the biopic of boxer Naseem Hamed and starring Amir El-Masry, was in advanced pre-production when the news landed, with plans to shoot location work in Hamed’s home town of Sheffield and all the interiors — including the essential boxing rings — in Malta. Sets were already being built on the Mediterranean island, which has been courting numerous film productions in recent years thanks to a generous 40% tax rebate initiative.

But then the IFTC was unveiled and the U.K., when it came to producer’s all-important bottom line, was suddenly much more competitive. What had previously been a 20% tax break was now around 32.5% (it was initially billed as 40%, but is actually lower after corporation tax). Given the costs involved in shipping the film overseas, “Giant” didn’t need to pack up its bags.

“As soon as the tax credit came out, we did the analysis and immediately it made more economic sense, straight away, to keep it here,” explains Zygi Kamasa, the head of distributor and producer True Brit Entertainment. “So we pivoted within days of it coming through.”

“Giant” may have been the first, but just six months on from the announcement of the IFTC Kamasa says that it’s contributed enormously to the output of his nascent company — which was only launched in November 2023 with a focus on films for British cinemagoers. Where there was an initial aim to produce three films in its first year, True Brit will soon begin shooting its eighth. And while some — like “Giant” — would have happened regardless of the tax credit, he says “there were movies that were definitely expedited” because of it.

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The significant interest and optimism within the British film industry since the IFTC’s announcement, despite not yet being fully implemented, is a far cry from the dark days of 2022. A report commissioned by the British Film Institute (BFI) that year had the key and ironic takeaway that the overall boom in the country’s film and high-end TV sector had led to a corresponding negative impact on the independent sector. It found that the speed and volume of growth strained the sector so much that it couldn’t compete with larger budget international productions on several levels — from accommodating the rising cost of production to securing cast and crew, and ultimately to reaching audiences.

BFI statistics reveal that getting U.K. films budgeted under £15 million ($19.6 million) into production had become increasingly challenging. After plummeting by 31% in 2022, spend on independent U.K. film in 2023 fell a further 11% to just £150 million ($196.9 million).

Now, in 2024, post IFTC announcement, Harriet Finney, BFI deputy CEO and director of corporate and industry affairs, says, “We’ve seen a lot of positivity in the industry. It’s definitely changed the conversation for independent filmmakers in this country.”

The BFI is currently preparing for increased capacity once the statutory instrument and guidance notes are published later this year. Finney explains, “We’re making sure that we’re in the best possible position to deal with what is likely to be a flurry of activity. It feels like there’s a growing sense of confidence around domestic production.”

Simon Williams, managing partner at Ashland Hill Media Finance, reports seeing an uptick in projects considering filming in the U.K. “We’re getting lots of different projects coming to us, asking if they should be shot in the U.K.,” Williams says. He notes that some international producers are exploring the possibility of adapting their scripts to meet U.K. requirements. “The U.K. looks more attractive for film currently, because the tax credit, it’s probably bigger than pretty much anywhere else in the world, aside from maybe Australia. But Australia is far away and it’s costly to take people over there,” Williams said.

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However, Williams expresses concerns about potential cost increases. “We don’t want costs to increase by shooting in the U.K., which negates the benefit of the tax credit,” he cautions.

Ashland Hill-backed “The Magic Faraway Tree,” based on Enid Blyton’s beloved book, is currently in production. “The Scurry,” directed by Craig Roberts and starring Ella Purnell, Rhys Ifans and Antonia Thomas, has just finished shooting, which Ashland Hill funded against the increased tax credit. “That film would never have happened if it wasn’t for this increased tax credit. I think the only thing that may deter some lenders from putting money against it [is] if you are entering into a production now, you can’t put a claim in for your tax credit until April next year. Whereas in the current tax credit, you can make interim claims, which from a producer’s perspective, if you have a lender, you can make multiple claims and pay down the loan quicker, rather than doing one big claim in 18 months time,” Williams said.

Alex Ashworth, head of production at Anton, believes the IFTC will make a significant impact, particularly for films in the £5-15 million ($6.5-19.6 million) budget range. “I think it will really help independent film producers where we’ve lost that mid-budget section,” Ashworth says. “There was a long time where that was the U.K. sweet spot, films like ‘The King’s Speech,’ and I feel like the cost of production has gone up so that it’s very hard to make those at that level. Our incentives are good, but they aren’t necessarily comparable to some other territories. So by doing this, you’re offsetting basically the inflation that our production industry has experienced in the last five to seven years. I think it will really help those independent films who are probably struggling to get their finance plans to hit those higher budget levels.”

Ashworth estimates that Anton is currently working on four to five projects with the IFTC in mind for shooting in the next 12 to 18 months.

Producer Alastair Clark, whose recent film “Sister Midnight” premiered at Cannes, also sees the IFTC as a positive development for the industry. “The mood is great,” Clark says. He also points out that while the net benefit is around 32.5% after corporation tax, rather than the initially advertised 40%, it’s still a significant improvement over the previous system.

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Clark is already incorporating the IFTC into his project planning. “Certainly, one very solid project right now that we’re raising the finance for. It’s a big part of it,” he says. Clark believes the increased tax credit will reduce the need for riskier private financing in some cases. “Borrowing against the tax credit versus borrowing against an MG (minimum guarantee) or a sales advance, is cheaper, and therefore helps finance plan a budget,” Clark said.

While the industry awaits full implementation of the IFTC, the initial response suggests it could play a crucial role in bolstering the U.K.’s independent film sector and positioning it far more attractively on the global stage. For Phil Hunt at Head Gear Films, it’s certainly a very positive move after the “nightmare of Brexit,” which he claims “ripped the heart out of indie co-productions.” The veteran producer says he’s already noticed that producers in North America are “definitely now looking to put more productions in the U.K. and, when talking to folk in LA, there seems to be a drain away from the U.S.”

But that’s not to say that execs are seeing IFTC at the perfect solution, of course. As with most newly-launched financial incentives, there are hopes that it will be tweaked and changed along the way, especially with the U.K. under a new Labour government that has, traditionally, been more supportive of the arts. An ideal situation for many is that the 40% rebate actually does mean a full 40% for producers.

“I’d love the government to look at that,” says Kamasa. “I think it should be the full 40%, because then you’d be truly competitive with places like Malta and Italy.”

HOW THE IFTC WORKS

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The IFTC is calculated on “core expenditure” related to production activities, with qualifying companies able to claim up to 80% of their core expenditure or the amount of U.K. core expenditure, whichever is less. For a £15 million ($19.6 million) budget film, this could mean a maximum credit of £6.36 million before tax.

After corporation tax, which varies between 19% and 25%, the actual cash benefit could range from £4.77 million ($6.26 million) to £5.15 million ($6.76 million). This represents a substantial increase from the previous Audio-Visual Expenditure Credit (AVEC) system, which would have provided between £3.06 million ($4.01 million) and £3.30 million ($4.33 million) for the same budget.

The BFI will assess film budgets to ensure they meet the IFTC criteria. Productions that exceed the £15 million budget cap during filming will have the option to continue with the IFTC or switch to the AVEC system.

Claims for the IFTC can be submitted to HMRC (His Majesty’s Revenue & Customs) from April 1, 2025, for expenditure incurred from April 1, 2024, provided principal photography began after April 1, 2024.

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Pope Leo says remarks about world being ‘ravaged by a ​handful of tyrants’ were not aimed at Trump: report

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Pope Leo says remarks about world being ‘ravaged by a ​handful of tyrants’ were not aimed at Trump: report

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Pope Leo XIV said Saturday that remarks he made this week in which he said the “world is being ravaged by a handful of tyrants” were not directed at President Donald Trump, a report said. 

The pope, speaking onboard a flight to Angola during his 10-day tour of Africa, said reporting about his comments “has not been ‌accurate in all its aspects” and his speech “was ⁠prepared two weeks ago, well before the president ever commented on myself and on the message of peace that I am promoting,” according to Reuters.

The news outlet cited the pope as saying his comments were not aimed at Trump.

“As it happens, it was looked at as if I was trying to debate the president, which is not in ​my interest at all,” the pope reportedly said.

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’60 MINUTES’ ACCUSED OF USING LEFT-LEANING CARDINALS TO BAIT TRUMP INTO FEUD WITH VATICAN

Pope Leo XIV answers journalists’ questions during his flight from Yaoundé, Cameroon, to Luanda, Angola, Saturday, April 18, 2026. (Luca Zennaro/Pool Photo via AP)

Vice President JD Vance later took to X to thank the pope for clearing the record.

“While the media narrative constantly gins up conflict — and yes, real disagreements have happened and will happen — the reality is often much more complicated,” Vance wrote. “Pope Leo preaches the gospel, as he should, and that will inevitably mean he offers his opinions on the moral issues of the day.

“The President — and the entire administration — work to apply those moral principles in a messy world,” he continued. “He will be in our prayers, and I hope that we’ll be in his.”

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The vice president’s comments came days after he told Fox News’ Bret Baier on “Special Report” that it would be best for the Vatican to “stick to matters of morality.”

“Let the President of the United States stick to dictating American public policy,” Vance said Tuesday.

Trump last Sunday accused Pope Leo XIV of being “terrible” on foreign policy after the pontiff criticized the U.S.-Israeli war on Iran.

“He talks about ‘fear’ of the Trump Administration, but doesn’t mention the FEAR that the Catholic Church, and all other Christian Organizations, had during COVID when they were arresting priests, ministers, and everybody else, for holding Church Services, even when going outside, and being ten and even twenty feet apart,” Trump wrote in a Truth Social post. 

“I don’t want a Pope who thinks it’s OK for Iran to have a Nuclear Weapon.”

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POPE LEO SLAMS THOSE WHO ‘MANIPULATE RELIGION’ FOR MILITARY OR POLITICAL GAIN, TRUMP RESPONDS

Pope Leo XIV and President Donald Trump (Simone Risoluti/Vatican Media via Vatican Pool/Getty Images; Salwan Georges/Bloomberg via Getty Images)

During a speech in Cameroon on Thursday, the pope said, “We must make a decisive change of course — a true conversion — that will lead us in the opposite direction, onto a sustainable path rich in human fraternity.

“The world is being ravaged by a handful of tyrants, yet it is held together by a multitude of supportive brothers and sisters.

Pope Leo XIV speaks as he meets with the community of Bamenda at Saint Joseph’s Cathedral in Bamenda on the fourth day of an 11-day apostolic journey to Africa April 16, 2026. (Alberto Pizzoli/AFP via Getty Images)

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“Woe to those who manipulate religion and the very name of God for their own military, economic or political gain, dragging that which is sacred into darkness and filth.”

Fox News Digital has reached out to the White House for comment. 

Fox News Digital’s Landon Mion contributed to this report. 

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Bulgaria votes in eighth election in five years

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Bulgaria votes in eighth election in five years

Bulgarians headed to the polls Sunday for the eighth time in five years, with anti-corruption candidate and former president Rumen Radev’s bloc tipped to win.

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The European Union’s poorest member has been through a spate of governments since 2021, when large anti-graft rallies brought an end to the conservative government of long-time leader Boyko Borissov.

Eurostat data shows Bulgaria consistently ranks last in the EU by GDP per capita. In 2025, Bulgaria (along with Greece) was at 68% of the EU average.

Radev, who has advocated for renewing ties with Russia and opposes military aid to Ukraine, was president for nine years in the Balkan nation of 6.5 million people.

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He stepped down in January to lead newly formed centre-left grouping Progressive Bulgaria, with opinion polls before Sunday’s vote suggesting the bloc could gain 35% of the vote.

The former air force general has said he wants to rid the country of its “oligarchic governance model”, and backed anti-corruption protests in late 2025 that brought down the latest conservative-backed government.

“I’m voting for change,” Decho Kostadinov, 57, told reporters after casting his ballot at a polling station in the capital, Sofia, adding corrupt politicians “should leave — they should take whatever they’ve stolen and get out of Bulgaria”.

Polls are forecasting a surge in voter participation, with more than 3.3 million Bulgarians expected to cast ballots according to the Bulgarian News Agency.

Voting will close at 1700 GMT, with exit polls expected immediately afterwards. Preliminary results are expected on Monday.

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‘Preserve what we have’

Borissov’s pro-European GERB party is likely to come second, according to opinion polls, with around 20%, ahead of the liberal PP-DB.

“I’m voting to preserve what we have. We are a democratic country, we live well,” said Elena, an accountant of about 60, who did not give her full name, after casting her vote in Sofia.

Front-runner Radev has slammed the EU’s green energy policy, which he considers naive “in a world without rules”.

He also opposes any Bulgarian efforts to send arms to help Ukraine fight back Russia’s 2022 invasion, though he has said he would not use his country’s veto to block Brussels’ decisions.

Pushing for renewed ties with Russia, Radev denounced a 10-year defence agreement between Bulgaria and Ukraine signed last month – drawing fresh accusations from opponents of being too soft on Moscow.

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The ex-president also stoked outrage online for screening images at his final campaign rally of his meetings with world leaders including Russia’s Vladimir Putin.

“We need to close ranks,” he told around 10,000 cheering supporters at the rally, presenting his party as a non-corrupt “alternative to the perverse cartel of old-style parties”.

Borissov, who headed the country virtually uninterrupted for close to a decade, has dismissed suggestions that Radev brings something “new”.

At a rally of his party earlier this week, he insisted GERB had “fulfilled the dreams of the 1990s” with such achievements as the country joining the eurozone this year.

‘No one to vote for’

Radev is aiming for an absolute majority in the 240-seat parliament.

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A lack of trust in politics has affected voter turnout, which slumped to 39% in the last election in 2024.

But with Radev rallying voters, high turnout is expected this time, according to analyst Boryana Dimitrova from the Alpha Research polling institute.

Miglena Boyadjieva, a taxi driver of about 55, said she always votes, but the “problem is that there is no one to vote for”.

“You vote for one person and get others. The system has to change,” she told reporters.

Political parties have called on Bulgarians to show up for the polls, also to curb the impact of vote buying.

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In recent weeks, police have seized more than one million euros in raids against vote buying in stepped-up operations.

They have also detained hundreds of people, including local councillors and mayors.

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How Cheap Drones Are Changing Wars Like the Ones in Ukraine and Iran

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How Cheap Drones Are Changing Wars Like the Ones in Ukraine and Iran

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A 3-D rendering of an Iranian Shahed-136 drone, a device with two triangle-shaped wings attached to a central fuselage. It has an engine the size of a small motorcycle’s and carries 110 pounds of explosives.

Engine the size of a small motorcycle’s

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Carries 110 pounds of explosives

One of the biggest takeaways of the war with Iran is that it has proven itself to be a surprisingly capable adversary against the United States. In addition to its willingness to go on the offensive, Iran has forced the U.S. and its regional allies to confront the rise of cheap drones on the battlefield.

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Iranian drones, made with commercial-grade technology, cost roughly $35,000 to produce. That is a fraction of the cost of the high-tech military interceptors sometimes used to shoot them down.

Note: Estimated price of munitions per unit. In practice, multiple interceptors are fired when targeting a drone. For instance, with the $80 bullet fired by the Centurion Counter-Rocket, Artillery, and Mortar (C-RAM), 75 rounds are fired in a second. Sources: Department of Defense, Lockheed Martin, Northrop Grumman, Open Source Munitions Portal, SRC Inc, U.S. Army and U.S. Navy.

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Cheap drones changed the war in Ukraine, and they have enabled Iranians to exploit a gap in American defense investments, which have historically prioritized accurate but expensive solutions.

Countering drones has been a major priority for the Pentagon for years, according to Michael C. Horowitz, who was a Pentagon official in the Biden administration. “But there has not been the impetus to scale a solution,” he said.

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In just the first six days, the U.S. spent $11.3 billion on the war with Iran. The White House and Pentagon have not provided updated estimates, but the American Enterprise Institute, a conservative-leaning think tank, estimated in early April that the U.S. had spent approximately between $25 and $35 billion on the war, with interceptors driving much of the cost. Many missile defense experts also fear interceptor stockpiles are now running dangerously low.

Here is a breakdown of some of the ways the U.S. and its allies have countered Iran’s drones, and why it can be so costly.

Air-based strikes

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In an ideal scenario, an early warning aircraft spots a drone when it is still several hundred miles out from a target, and a fighter jet, like an F-16, is dispatched from a military base. The F-16 can then use Advanced Precision Kill Weapon System (APKWS) II rockets to shoot a drone from about six miles away.

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A 3-D rendering of an F-16 fighter jet firing an APKWS II rocket from under one wing. Two to three rockets are fired per drone, as per air defense protocol. Two APKWS II rockets and an hour of F-16 flight cost approximately $65,000, a little less than twice that of the Iranian Shahed-136.

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Two to three interceptors fired per drone

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Source: U.S. Navy, Department of Defense

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These types of defensive air patrols are cost-efficient, but haven’t always been available because of the vast scope of the conflict. Iran has also targeted early warning aircraft that the U.S. needs to detect a drone from that distance, according to NBC News.

The other option for detecting and shooting down drones is a variety of different ground-based detection systems, but these systems are all at a disadvantage, as their ability to spot low-flying drones is limited by the curvature of the earth.

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Anti-drone defense systems

One ground-based defense system the U.S. and its allies have built specifically to counter drones at a shorter range is the Coyote. It can intercept drones up to around nine miles away.

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A 3-D rendering of a Coyote Block 2 interceptor, which looks like a three-foot tube with small rockets at one end. Two Coyotes cost approximately $253,000 or about seven times that of the Iranian Shahed-136.

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The Coyote is significantly cheaper than many of the other ground-based defense systems available to the U.S. and its allies and historically effective at defending important assets. But despite being both effective and cost-efficient, relatively few Coyotes have been procured by the U.S. military in recent years.

When Iran-backed militias launched attacks on U.S. ground troops in the region in 2023 and 2024, there were so few Coyotes available that troops had to shuffle the systems between eight different bases in the region almost daily, according to a report from the Center for a New American Security, a Washington think tank.

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Ship-based anti-missile defenses

Many of the longer-range ground-based defense systems the U.S. and its allies can use to combat drones are more expensive, as they are designed to shoot down aircraft and ballistic missiles, not drones. A Navy destroyer’s built-in radar system, for instance, can detect drones from 30 miles away and shoot it down with Standard Missile 2 (SM-2) interceptors. As in the air-based strikes, military protocol stipulates that at least two missiles be fired.

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A 3-D rendering of the deck of a Navy destroyer firing an SM-2 missile from a built-in launcher, which looks like a 15-foot missile launching from a grid of openings on the ship’s surface. Two SM-2 missiles cost approximately $4.2 million, about 120 times that of the Iranian Shahed-136.

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This misalignment between America’s defense systems and current warfighting tactics started after the Cold War, when the anticipated threats were fewer, faster, higher-end projectiles, not mass drone raids.

Iran often launches multiple Shahed-136 drones at a time, given their low price tag. The drones are also programmed with a destination before launch and can travel roughly 1,500 miles, putting targets all across the Middle East within reach.

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“This category of lower-cost precision strike just didn’t exist at the time that most American air defenses were developed,” said Mr. Horowitz.

Ground-based anti-missile defenses

The Army’s standard air-defense system is the Patriot. Typically stationed at a military base, it can shoot down a drone from up to around 27 miles away with PAC-3 Missile Segment Enhancement interceptors. Military protocol stipulates that at least two missiles be fired.

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A 3-D rendering of a Patriot launcher loaded with 17-foot PAC-3 MSE missiles, which looks like a tilted shipping container with scaffolding. Two PAC-3 MSE missiles cost approximately $8 million, about 220 times that of the Iranian Shahed-136.

Patriot missile defense system

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Air defense training teaches service members to prioritize using longer-range defense systems first to “get as many bites at the apple as you can,” but those are the most expensive, said Stacie Pettyjohn, a senior fellow and director of the defense program at the Center for a New American Security.

But a costly defense can still make economic sense to protect a valuable target, especially those that are difficult to repair or replace, such as the nearly $1.1 billion radar at a military base in Qatar and the $500 million air defense sensor at a base in Jordan that were damaged early in the conflict.

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Ground-based guns

Finally, there is what one might call a last resort: a ground-based gun. When a drone is about a mile away or less than a minute from hitting its target, something like the Centurion C-RAM can begin rapidly firing to take down the drone.

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A 3-D rendering of a Centurion C-RAM, which looks like a gun mounted to a rotating, cylindrical stand. The gun fires 75 rounds of ammunition per second. Five seconds of firing the gun costs $30,000, slightly less than a single Iranian Shahed-136.

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Centurion Counter-Rocket, Artillery and Mortar

Fires 375 rounds of ammunition in 5 seconds

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Even though it is fairly cost-effective, the Centurion C-RAM is not the best option because it has such a short range.

Interceptor drones

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There’s also what one might call the future of fighting drones: A.I.-powered interceptor drones. Interceptor drones like the Merops Surveyor can theoretically hunt and take down enemy projectiles from a short range.

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A 3-D rendering of a Surveyor drone, which looks like a three-foot tube with wings and a tail. The Merops drone costs approximately $30,000, a little less than a single Iranian Shahed-136.

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Merops system: Surveyor drone

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Eric Schmidt, the former Google chief executive, founded a company to develop the Merops counter-drone system in conjunction with Ukrainian fighters, who have already been combatting Iranian drones in the war with Russia for years.

The U.S. sent thousands of Merops units to the Middle East after the conflict began, but it is unclear whether they have been deployed. The military set up training on the system in the middle of the war, as reported by Business Insider.

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Other attempts to lower the cost-per-shot ratio of taking out a drone have failed.

The Pentagon invested over a billion dollars in fiscal year 2024 researching directed energy weapons, or lasers, that would cost only $3 per shot and have a range of 12 miles. Those systems have yet to be used in the field.

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Despite the cost imbalance, the real fear for many in the defense community is the depleted stockpile of munitions.

“What scares me is that we will run out of these things,” said Tom Karako, the director of the Missile Defense Project at the Center for Strategic and International Studies in Washington. “Not that we can’t afford them, but that we’ll run out before we can replace them.”

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