Fitness
Benefits of regular exercise: How working out can impact your life
We’ve all heard it time and time again from friends, family, medical professionals and lifestyle influencers — regular exercise is crucial for overall well-being. And yet, according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, fewer than 50% of adults meet the weekly guidelines for aerobic physical activity, and that number drops to less than 25% when guidelines for muscle-building exercise are added to the equation. The reality is, between the time commitment and routine change of adding exercise to your schedule, it can feel like a serious chore.
Exercise is more than a task, though — it’s a powerful tool to enhance your body and mind. Experts across different fields agree that regular exercise offers undeniable benefits, from strengthening your heart and bones to reducing the risk of chronic diseases and boosting mental well-being and energy levels.
What is exercise?
To be clear, exercise and general physical activity are two separate things. Both are important to health, but planning and following a true fitness program is crucial if you want to reap the full benefits of exercise. So what’s the difference between exercise and activity? Rather than the casual steps to and from your car in the parking lot, exercise is structured, repetitive movement focused on improving at least one specific component of physical fitness: body composition, flexibility, muscular strength, muscular endurance or cardiorespiratory endurance.
Exercise comes in many forms and formats, and it can be tailored to suit your goals and needs. Whether you run, practice yoga, lift weights, dance or cycle, movement options are endless and when they’re pursued in a structured, repetitive way, they all can qualify as exercise.
The 10 top benefits of regular exercise
Improved cardiovascular health
Let’s get to the heart of it: Exercise is good for your heart. A 2024 study found that participants who met physical activity recommendations (accumulating at least 150 minutes a week of moderate-intensity cardiovascular exercise or 75-minutes a week of vigorous-intensity cardio) had a 23% lower risk of developing cardiovascular disease than those who didn’t meet these standards.
“Regular exercise can improve cardiovascular fitness by strengthening the heart muscle, increasing blood circulation and lowering blood pressure. This leads to a reduced risk of heart disease and improved overall cardiovascular health,” explains Nicholas Marion, CPT and PhD candidate in exercise and sport science working at Fit Athletic East Village in Southern California.
Furthermore, research also shows that regular exercise improves cholesterol levels, a factor linked to cardiovascular health.
Stronger bones
As you age, bone density becomes increasingly important in preventing conditions like osteoporosis. Weight-bearing exercises like walking, running or strength training can stimulate bone-forming cells by placing positive stress on your bones.
“Proper exercise can put beneficial stress on the bones, which triggers the body to build more bone tissue to adapt to the increased load. Ultimately, this can stimulate the release of hormones like growth hormone and testosterone, which play a role in bone formation and maintenance. This helps the bones become stronger and more resilient,” says Josh Holland, NASM-CPT and Vivobarefoot coach.
Exercise also helps mitigate bone breakdown. “Regular moderate exercise can lower cortisol levels, a hormone that breaks down bone tissue. This combined effect of increased bone formation and reduced bone breakdown helps maintain and improve bone health,” say Dr. Yousef Elyaman, MD and medical director at Humann in Austin, Texas.
Improved mental health
Beyond boosting physical fitness, regular physical activity positively impacts mood and mental well-being.
“Regular exercise has been extensively studied, and the consensus is always very similar: It boosts mood and helps alleviate anxiety, depression and stress. Physiologically, exercise increases endorphins, which are feel-good neurotransmitters that also can improve sleep quality and reduce the stress hormone cortisol. It also can help relieve somatic symptoms like stomach aches or headaches through increased blood flow,” say Rachel Goldberg, personal trainer and licensed psychotherapist.
Exercise can also improve body image, boost self-confidence and increase a sense of community through group fitness.
Increased energy
It seems counterintuitive that working out could boost your energy given all the sweat and energy you have to expend to do it, but hear us out!
When you exercise, you improve circulation, delivering more oxygen and nutrients to your tissues while simultaneously removing damaged mitochondria, which are responsible for creating the body’s source of energy. As your tissues function more efficiently with fresh oxygen and nutrients and less waste, you’ll feel an energy boost.
Plus, exercise can improve sleep quality, so you feel more rested too. “Exercise also helps with regular sleep patterns, which in turn increases with energy levels throughout the day,” notes Becky LaChance, RN, BSN, CPT.
Better sleep
Speaking of better sleep quality, regular physical activity helps you fall asleep faster and sleep deeper. According to arecent review study, the increase in body temperature that takes place during exercise may improve sleep quality by facilitating a subsequent drop in temperature as you rest post-workout. And when your body temperature drops, it’s easier to fall asleep and stay asleep.
Since aerobic exercise causes the body to release endorphins, try to exercise two hours before bed to give the brain time to wind down after the surge.
Better skin
Exercise could result in healthier skin. “Exercise increases blood flow, which helps deliver oxygen and nutrients to the skin cells, promoting a healthy, glowing complexion,” explains Dr. Hannah Kopelman, a dermatologist practicing in New York.
“Regular physical activity can reduce stress levels, which in turn can help manage conditions like acne, eczema and psoriasis that are often exacerbated by stress. I often tell my patients that sweating during exercise helps flush out toxins from the skin, potentially reducing the risk of clogged pores and breakouts,” continues Kopelman.
To reap these benefits, take proper precautions. “Stay hydrated while exercising — it will keep you and your skin from getting dehydrated. Also remember to protect your skin from the elements when you exercise outdoors. Protecting your skin from ultraviolet light is important year-round, rain or shine, summer or winter,” says Dr. Susan Massick, a dermatologist practicing in Ohio.
Improved brain function
When you exercise, you increase the oxygen supply to your brain, stimulating hormone production that encourages brain cell growth. This growth can help you think, learn and remember things better.
“Exercise significantly improves brain function, largely due to a substance called brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF). BDNF is like Miracle-Gro for the brain, helping to sustain and even grow new brain cells. Regular physical activity is one of the most powerful stimulators of BDNF, enhancing cognitive functions such as memory, learning and problem-solving. Additionally, exercise increases blood flow to the brain, delivering more oxygen and nutrients, which further supports brain health. By boosting BDNF levels and improving overall brain function, exercise keeps your mind sharp and resilient,” explains Elyaman.
Improved immunity
According to a 2021 study published in the journal Sports Medicine, when you exercise, immune cells more efficiently circulate throughout your body, strengthening your immune response against viruses. Not only can this help prevent you from getting sick, but there’s also evidence that it could strengthen the potency of vaccination.
Regular exercise has also been linked to lower chronic inflammation, a risk factor in various illnesses.
Weight management
One of exercise’s most-known benefits is weight management. Here’s how it works.
Exercise increases your metabolic rate and muscle mass. Muscle burns more calories at rest than other tissues. While the amount is minimal on a day-to-day basis, the cumulative effects of a more active metabolism and the additional calories burned during bouts of exercise can add up. Plus, after every workout, your metabolism remains revved at a higher rate as your muscles work to repair and recover from the stress you placed on them. The combined effect of these three factors can lead to weight loss, provided you’re not overcompensating by taking in additional calories.
The benefits of proper weight management go beyond the scale (and the mirror) — maintaining a healthy weight can help prevent chronic conditions like type 2 diabetes and heart disease.
How to add exercise to your schedule
The U.S. Department of Health and Human Services recommends 150 minutes of moderate-intensity aerobic activity, such as brisk walking or swimming, or 75 minutes of vigorous-intensity aerobic activity, like running or jumping rope, each week. That breaks down to between 15-30 minutes of exercise, five days a week, depending on your intensity level.
They also advise doing muscle-strengthening activities (like weight lifting or body-weight training) twice weekly and to include mobility and flexibility exercises as part of a well-rounded fitness regimen.
As with all broad health statements, 150 minutes is not a one-size-fits-all recommendation. Check with a health care professional if you are new to exercise, have chronic conditions or are injured.
Similarly, just because your friend or spouse loves a particular exercise or activity, that doesn’t mean it’s the right choice for you. It’s crucial to select activities that you can commit to, and that fit conveniently into your lifestyle.
“Mixing activities is also always a good idea to prevent boredom and to continue to challenge the body and mind differently. Group activities like fitness classes are ideal for someone who likes camaraderie and accountability. High-intensity exercise can increase the feel-good neurotransmitters, while slower and more mindful exercises, like yoga or qigong, can promote introspection and enhance feelings of self-efficacy,” says Goldberg.
FAQs
Should I really exercise every day?
Balance is key. LaChance explains that daily physical activity is beneficial, but balancing intensity and rest is essential to avoid burnout and injury. She adds, “It’s extremely important to incorporate active rest and recovery into your routine. Active rest days include lighter activities like walking, yoga or stretching, which can be really beneficial to help with overall muscle soreness and recovery.” She also emphasizes that it’s critical to listen to your body. She advises, “If you’re feeling overly tired and fatigued or experiencing persistent muscle soreness, it might be a sign to take a rest day.”
“Start small and build up gradually! If you’re working out one to two days a week, begin there and add more as you become consistent,” advises LaChance.
How long does it take to start seeing results from exercise?
The “feel-good” mental health benefits of regular exercise may appear immediately, but long-term mental and physical health benefits can take several weeks.
“Generally, noticeable changes, including increased strength, endurance and muscle tone, can be seen in a few weeks to a few months,” said Marion.
“Physical results really vary based on things like consistency, workout intensity and nutrition. Remember, health and fitness is a journey, so changes don’t happen overnight,” notes LaChance.
How does exercise change your body?
The evidence is clear: Exercise transforms your body. Exercise builds muscle, helps manage weight and improves mental well-being. These changes occur over time and depend on exercise intensity and other lifestyle factors.
Meet our experts
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Nicholas Marion, CPT at Fit Athletic East Village, San Diego, Calif.
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Josh Holland, NASM-CPT, a Vivobarefoot coach and co-author of The Awareness Shift: Unearth the Five Pillars of Optimal Health and Wellness, New York
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Dr. Yousef Elyaman, MD, Medical Director at Humann, Austin, Texas
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Rachel Goldberg, Licensed psychotherapist and personal trainer, Rachel Goldberg Therapy, Studio City, Calif.
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Becky LaChance, RN, BSN, CPT, Online fitness and nutrition coach, Hermosa Beach, Calif.
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Dr. Hannah Kopelman, Dual-trained dermatologist, Kopelman Aesthetic Surgery, New York
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Dr. Susan Massick, Dermatologist and Clinical Associate Professor of Dermatology at the Ohio State University Wexler Medical Center, Ohio
This article contains affiliate links; if you click such a link and make a purchase, we may earn a commission.
Fitness
The exercise more important than walking – especially if you’re older
Walking is brilliant. It’s accessible, affordable and enjoyable, plus it comes with many health benefits, which is why it forms the backbone of most government exercise guidance.
But it is strength that underpins all movement. If you don’t have the strength to get out of your chair and put one foot in front of the other, what good is being told to walk more?
This was the key takeaway from recent research led by Dr Michael LaMonte and his team at the University at Buffalo, which shows the immense value of building skeletal muscle with strength training. It found that, in more than 5,000 women aged 63 to 99, greater strength levels were strongly linked to a lower risk of death from any cause.
Maintaining muscle should be seen as a savvy investment. Muscle allows you to stand, move and remain independent, all while offering further perks that extend far beyond physical function. It powers our breath, regulates blood sugar levels, emits anti-inflammatory myokines and constantly chats with other bodily systems to keep things running smoothly. In short, muscle is the medical marvel you already own.
Here is how to maintain your body’s largest, and in some ways smartest, organ for decades to come.
Why strength training matters
There is a wealth of research on the merits of aerobic exercise, such as walking, running, swimming and cycling. This is a major reason why it dominates government physical activity guidelines. There is far less research into strength training, and much of the data available centres around young, fit men.
By looking at the impacts of strength training in previously understudied demographics, such as women aged 60 and above, studies like this one from the University at Buffalo could change future exercise recommendations for the better.
“When women go through menopause and lose their body’s own secretion of oestrogen, the loss of skeletal muscle mass increases rapidly,” says Dr LaMonte. “We typically see a change in their body composition, where they start losing muscle and holding fat in the belly area, particularly. That’s not healthy.”
Both men and women also tend to become less active as they grow older, which can contribute to sarcopenia – the age-related loss of strength and muscle. Both menopause and sarcopenia are inflammatory processes, Dr LaMonte says.
Read more: Sitting all day wreaks havoc on your hips and spine – here’s how to stop that from happening
This shift impacts fitness. “Muscle strength is fundamental for getting the body from point A to point B, especially when you’re working against gravity.” But it also throws off chemical signalling between skeletal muscle and other systems in the body, such as the heart.
“Fat tissue tends to secrete chemicals called cytokines that are pro-inflammatory,” Dr LaMonte explains. “There’s quite a bit of evidence to show that, when skeletal muscle contracts, it secretes counterbalancing cytokines that are anti-inflammatory.
“This was discovered by a scientist named Bente Pedersen in the 2000s. She published a compelling series of papers showing that these cytokines, which she called myokines, had regulatory functions outside the muscle itself.”
Exactly how skeletal muscle interacts with other crucial systems in our body is unclear, Dr LaMonte says. But it is constantly in deep discussions with them, and it is looking to help out where it can. For this reason, if you can keep your muscles strong and healthy, they can be a powerful force for good.
Read more: Expert warns why this daily habit is shortening your life – even if you exercise
3 simple ways to gauge your strength
Dr LaMonte’s research used a series of simple tests to assess the strength levels of 5,472 women aged 63 and above:
- Grip strength: a dynamometer was used to assess grip strength, with people asked to hold their upper arm at their side, elbow bent at a right angle, then squeeze the machine as hard as possible. This is an indication of upper-body strength.
- Sit-to-stand: people were timed to see how quickly they could stand up from a chair, then sit back down again five times with their arms across their chest. This is an indication of lower body strength.
- Gait speed: a timer was used to see how long it took subjects to walk 2.5m.
Women with greater grip strength – a good signifier of overall strength levels – and faster sit-to-stand times had a “significantly lower death risk over an eight-year follow-up”, the study discovered.
“Gait speed is another one of the most potent predictors of mortality,” Dr LaMonte adds.
“I’d like to see the health care profession embrace functional health as much as they do the things they can prescribe drugs for – because you can’t prescribe a drug for this. It’s a behaviour, and I think that’s why it probably doesn’t get the same kind of attention. Nobody makes money from this, but people do die from it.”
Dr LaMonte also suggests another bonus test anyone can use as a sign they need to work on their strength levels:
- The pickle jar test – this is a proxy for any everyday task. If you notice it starts to feel more difficult, this is a good indication that your fitness has decreased, and it would be beneficial to gain strength and muscle through exercise.
“When you can’t open the pickle jar any more, don’t just assume they’re making the jars harder to open,” Dr LaMonte says. “That’s a good indicator that you might be at a phase of life where your strength levels have changed unknowingly.
“The same applies when you go to pick up a grandchild or climb the stairs, and you find you’re huffing and puffing – it could simply be that you’re getting more out of shape, or in the worst case scenario, it could be indicative of disease.
“Be mindful of your body. It’s going to tell you where you’re at, and we don’t want an injury to be that indicator.”
Read more: Four things you can do to reduce inflammation and cut heart disease risk, according to the experts
How to start strength training at any age
The human body is a representation of the life it has lived, informed by genetics and altered by myriad interventions along the way. A robust life, filled with challenging physical tasks, often builds a robust body. As a result, someone who has always been active will likely find it easier to remain more active as they age.
“I wouldn’t want to convey a message that age becomes a constraint for people doing what they enjoy,” says Dr LaMonte. “I know people in their late, late years who still enjoy going to gyms and lifting weights. It’s effective for their strength goals, and the social aspect keeps them healthy in other ways.”
However, if you are new to strength training and exercise generally, you need to start more conservatively. As with any new skill, there is an obligatory learning curve that allows your mind and body to adapt to the fresh stimulus without being overwhelmed.
“You can use simple bodyweight exercises like press-ups against a wall or sit-to-stands – US adults in their 70s and 80s spend around nine-and-a-half hours each day sitting down, so you could break this up by doing a few sit-to-stands every hour, or each time there is an advert if you are watching television,” Dr LaMonte says.
“Resistance bands are another good option, or even using soup cans or books as a form of resistance provides stimulus to skeletal muscles.”
The common denominator behind these exercises is the act of overcoming resistance. That resistance needs to be slightly challenging, relative to your individual strength levels, to trigger an increase in muscle and strength levels. By consistently doing a task that requires you to be stronger, you are telling your body you want it to adapt to handle it better. If the task feels easy, the body has no reason to make any changes.
“If someone finds that lifting a soup can or book [for example, pressing it overhead 10 times] challenges them, that’s probably the level they should be working at, and they should not be trying to do more,” says Dr LaMonte. As you grow stronger, you can then gradually progress to slightly heavier items to continue to increase your strength levels.
“Older adults in particular should consult with their health care provider about the safety of beginning muscle-strengthening exercises,” Dr LaMonte adds.
In short, building and maintaining strength is important at any age. And if you do fall below this study’s 63-99 demographic, any strength and muscle you can develop now will likely serve you well for the rest of your life.
“We want to live as long as we can healthily, and I think resistance exercises are a part of that,” Dr LaMonte concludes. “When we can no longer get out of the chair and move around, we are in trouble.”
Read more: After 50, you need to train smarter – the eight rules for strength training in midlife, according to experts
Read more: The science-backed two-minute daily workouts for improving heart health
Fitness
How much exercise is enough? A local doctor says you only need 15 minutes a day – WTOP News
Exercise is part of a healthy lifestyle and its benefits are well known and have been for a long time. What is only recently proven by doctors is just how much exercise makes a difference for one’s longevity.
By now, most people understand that exercise is part of a healthy lifestyle; its benefits are well known and have been for a long time. What is only recently proven by doctors is just how much exercise makes a difference for one’s longevity.
For most people who sit at desks or behind the wheel all day, the problem is often finding time to work out. The good news, according to Dr. Julie Chen, an internal medicine and lifestyle medicine doctor at Kaiser Permanente in Gaithersburg, is that a daily exercise routine can be broken down into brief segments.
“The general recommendation is for 150 minutes of moderate activity per week,” Dr. Chen said. “So that is roughly about 30 minutes a day, five days a week. But the important point is it does not have to all be done at once. You can break it up into shorter segments of exercise and still get the same great benefits.”
And those benefits can be tremendous. Chen said that studies have shown going from no exercise a day to only 15 minutes of total exercise a day can “can actually decrease their risk of death, death from all causes, by about 14%.”
“Any movement is actually better than being sedentary,” she said.
Movement can be divided up into short segments throughout the day instead of in one long, strenuous workout and it can still offer the same reductions in the risk of certain diseases.
Now, you might understand there are benefits of exercising for short periods of time, several times per day; but you might be wondering how you can get in the gym several times a day.
Chen advocates for what she calls “exercise snacks” — “small bursts of physical activity that you can get in, two to three minutes at a time throughout the day.”
For example, taking the stairs or doing squats while putting groceries away, walking around the office on a phone call or planking while your dinner is in the microwave. Chen said try to do whatever it takes to get a few minutes of movement in a few times a day.
Chen is also a big fan of fitness apps, including the ones that come built into our smartphones and watches: “Studies have shown that that is really motivating that you can actually track your progress in your app. You can see your trends.”
“Consistency is a really big goal of this effort, and so if you look at your trends over time, that’s going to be a really rewarding aspect of trying to improve your health,” she added.
Beginning an exercise regimen doesn’t need to be complicated or time-consuming. You don’t need to splurge on workout clothes or a gym membership; you just need a few minutes, several times a day, to start reaping the benefits.
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Fitness
Adults hop on viral ‘rebounding’ trend to make exercise fun again — ‘I feel like a kid’
Forget boring home workouts, on-demand HITT classes and cold winter runs.
The latest wellness trend bouncing around TikTok involves a workout you might not even realize you’re doing, and that’s the point. It’s called rebounding. This low-impact exercise involves jumping on a mini fitness trampoline — called a rebounder — to get your heart pumping and support lymphatic drainage.
On Amazon, this best-selling model is currently on sale for just $129. It measures in at just 40 inches, making it ideal for small spaces while still offering room for an adult to jump, squat and jog in place. Users swear it gives them a seriously effective full-body workout, and many remark that it’s “so much fun” to use.
Clinical trials also back the benefits: a 12-week rebounding program for overweight women showed significant improvements in body composition as well as a decrease in diastolic blood pressure.
Ready to jump on the rebounding trend, too? You’d better hop on this Amazon deal fast.
This sleek rebounder by BCAN is sturdy and easy to set up, thanks to pre-assembled bungees and simpel video tutorial.
Reviewers say it’s completely changed their workouts, with one remarking they “feel like a little kid again.” Others have also noted it’s much easier on their joints than higher-impact exercises.
“It absorbs impact well and allows for a nice, smooth rebound that is gentle on the joints, making it perfect for a low-impact cardio workout,” one person explained. “Whether I’m doing high-intensity intervals or simply bouncing for fun, the movement feels fluid and responsive.
The BCAN model features an upgraded handlebar for added stability. It’s 8mm premium bungee — with a durable woven outer layer and a 350-strand natural latex core — delivers smooth, quiet bounces, so you can enjoy your workout without disturbing others.
This article was written by Miska Salemann, New York Post Commerce Writer/Reporter. As a health-forward member of Gen Z, Miska seeks out experts to weigh in on the benefits, safety and designs of both trending and tried-and-true fitness equipment, workout clothing, dietary supplements and more. Taking matters into her own hands, Miska intrepidly tests wellness products, ranging from Bryan Johnson’s Blueprint Longevity Mix to the viral Oura Ring to Jennifer Aniston’s favorite workout platform – often with her adorable toddler by her side. Before joining The Post, Miska covered lifestyle and consumer topics for the U.S. Sun and The Cannon Beach Gazette.
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