World
Who is Telegram CEO Pavel Durov? What to know about his arrest in France
Telegram co-founder Pavel Durov was detained at the Paris-Le Bourget airport on Saturday, after arriving by a private plane from Baku, Azerbaijan.
He is accused of having failed to moderate criminal activity on the platform.
Here is what we know about Durov, Telegram and the case:
Who is Durov and why was he detained?
Russian-born Durov, 39, co-founded what became one of Russia’s most popular social media networks, VKontakte, in his native St Petersburg, in 2007. He has been compared with Facebook co-founder Mark Zuckerberg.
In 2013, he grabbed global headlines by publicly offering a job to whistleblower and former National Security Agency contractor Edward Snowden.
In an interview with US journalist Tucker Carlson earlier this year, Durov claimed that he was under pressure to give Russian authorities access to data from accounts of Ukrainian pro-democracy activists in 2014 — and that he refused to do so.
As the Russian government tightened its grip on the internet and President Vladimir Putin’s allies started to take control of VKontakte, Durov sold his stake in the platform in 2014 and fled the country.
He then shifted his focus to Telegram, an app he co-founded with his brother Nikolai when he was 28.
Durov has been living in Dubai and is a citizen of the United Arab Emirates and France, according to Telegram. It is unclear whether he has given up his Russian citizenship.
Business magazine Forbes estimates his wealth at $15.5bn, as of Sunday morning.
Durov has maintained a hands-off stance on moderation, positioning the app as private and censorship. Nonetheless, some experts have cautioned that this approach has led to Telegram becoming a hotspot for illicit activity and extremism.
According to a report by the AFP news agency, he was detained “over offences alleged to have been conducted on Telegram, ranging from fraud, to drug trafficking, cyberbullying and organised crime, including promoting terrorism and fraud.”
While the European Union and the United States have fined other social media platforms for violations their rules and regulations, and their lawmakers have hauled up leaders of digital firms for public hearings, they are not known to have arrested major tech leaders.
In 2016, a senior Facebook executive was arrested in Brazil after the company didn’t give information from WhatsApp related to a drug trafficking investigation. The parent company of Facebook, which was renamed Meta in 2021, owns WhatsApp.
What is Telegram?
Launched in August 2013, Telegram is a cloud-based messaging app. The platform allows users to send messages, photos and large files as well as create groups for “up to 200,000 people or channels for broadcasting to unlimited audiences”.
These features, coupled with the app’s minimal moderation, made it an ideal venue for individuals and groups banned from other platforms such as Twitter and Facebook.
Since its creation, the platform has surged in popularity; it now has nearly one billion active users and has emerged as an important communication tool in conflict zones, including the Russia-Ukraine war.
The Telegram development team is currently based in Dubai, United Arab Emirates.
⚖️ Telegram abides by EU laws, including the Digital Services Act — its moderation is within industry standards and constantly improving.
✈️ Telegram’s CEO Pavel Durov has nothing to hide and travels frequently in Europe.
😵💫 It is absurd to claim that a platform or its owner…
— Telegram Messenger (@telegram) August 25, 2024
According to a report by Statista, Telegram is the third most downloaded messenger app globally following WhatsApp and Snapchat.
In 2023, India, Russia, and the US were the app’s top markets based on download figures. In 2021, it was the most downloaded app worldwide with one billion downloads.
Telegram says that Durov “supports Telegram financially and ideologically”. The platform specifically stays away from “politically motivated censorship”, however, it specifies that it does block “terrorist bots and channels”.
The platform makes money through revenue from advertising and a premium subscription programme launched two years ago.
“We are hoping to become profitable next year, if not this year,” Durov told the Financial Times in March.
“The main reason why we started to monetise is because we wanted to remain independent,” he said. “Generally speaking, we see value in [an IPO] as a means to democratise access to Telegram’s value.”
How has Russia responded to Durov’s arrest?
The relationship between Russia and Durov has been fraught with tension. After Durov left the country, Russia began blocking Telegram in 2018 when the app refused to provide state security services with access to users’ encrypted messages. The ban was lifted in 2020, though the app — like other online platforms in Russia — faces censorship and government scrutiny.
However, after the entrepreneur’s arrest, Russia was quick to respond, and its embassy in France demanded consular access to Durov and demanded that he have access to his rights.
Mikhail Ulyanov, Russia’s permanent representative to the United Nations in Vienna, accused France of acting as a “totalitarian” society — while also calling Durov “naive” for believing in Western claims to defend the freedom of speech.
“Some naive persons still don’t understand that if they play more or less visible role in international information space it is not safe for them to visit countries which move towards much more totalitarian societies,” Ulyanov wrote on X.
According to Ben Aris, Russia watcher and editor of the agency bne IntelliNews, Durov was flying from Azerbaijan where Putin has been for the last few days.
“The talk was that he was there wanting to lobby Putin in order to prevent having Telegram blocked or turned off inside Russia,” Aris told Al Jazeera.
Separately, former Russian President Dmitry Medvedev on Sunday wrote on his Telegram channel: “He thought his biggest problems were in Russia and left … he wanted to be a brilliant ‘citizen of the world’, living well without a homeland.”
“He miscalculated. To our common enemies, he is still Russian – unpredictable and dangerous, of different blood.”
What about other reactions to Durov’s arrest?
Elon Musk, the owner of X, posted #FreePavel on the platform.
“It’s 2030 in Europe and you are being executed for liking a meme,” he added.
POV: It’s 2030 in Europe and you’re being executed for liking a meme https://t.co/OkZ6YS3u2P
— Elon Musk (@elonmusk) August 24, 2024
“Durov’s arrest, aside from being incredibly unjust based on the current charges (it’s clear that Durov isn’t involved in terrorism or arms trafficking), is also a significant blow to freedom of speech,” Georgy Alburov, a Russian political activist with the late opposition leader Alexey Navalny’s Anti-Corruption Foundation, said on X.
“Freedom for Pavel Durov,” he added.
Edward Snowden called the arrest “an assault on the basic human rights of speech and association”.
The arrest of @Durov is an assault on the basic human rights of speech and association. I am surprised and deeply saddened that Macron has descended to the level of taking hostages as a means for gaining access to private communications. It lowers not only France, but the world.
— Edward Snowden (@Snowden) August 25, 2024
Former Fox News host Tucker Carlson also hit out at the French government.
Pavel Durov left Russia when the government tried to control his social media company, Telegram. But in the end, it wasn’t Putin who arrested him for allowing the public to exercise free speech. It was a western country, a Biden administration ally and enthusiastic NATO member,… https://t.co/F83E9GbNHC
— Tucker Carlson (@TuckerCarlson) August 24, 2024
Former US presidential candidate Robert F Kennedy Jr, who dropped out of the race last week to endorse Donald Trump for the November election, also backed Durov in a post on X.
France just arrested Pavel Durov, founder & CEO of the encrypted, uncensored Telegram platform. The need to protect free speech has never been more urgent.
— Robert F. Kennedy Jr (@RobertKennedyJr) August 25, 2024
World
‘Sentimental Value’ Writing Duo Joachim Trier and Eskil Vogt Still ‘Keep the Marriage Happy’: ‘He’s My Longest Relationship’
It wasn’t love at first sight for longtime collaborators Joachim Trier and Eskil Vogt, who met when they were both in their late teens.
“We were both camera assistants, taking care of the cables on a quiz show in Norway. Joachim was still skating and wearing the biggest pants I’d ever seen. They were as wide as they were tall. I was the black jeans and Dr. Martens type, so I was skeptical,” laughs Vogt, who co-wrote “Sentimental Value” with Trier.
Then they started talking about films.
“Suddenly, there was someone who’s seen more Fellini films than I had, and I had Hal Hartley films on VHS he wanted to borrow. This was the first time I met someone who shared my dream of making films, and that made the dream more tangible and real,” says Vogt.
Six features later, they are much more similar now, says Trier. Their way of working hasn’t really changed — they still start with ideas and develop the plot later on.
“We know it would be easier the other way around, but we still think of the plot quite late. Instead, we put notes up on the board and say: ‘Oh, I love this scene.’ And then we try to keep most of our darlings,” explains Vogt.
Trier agrees: “We don’t construct the story until very late. Instead of having scenes I don’t want to shoot and we don’t want to write, we try to make sure none of them just ‘tells the story.’ They all have to be about the characters or [present us] with an exciting visual situation.”
“We still have a phase when we entertain a lot of ideas, but we come to the core of it quicker now. I think we’re more honest with ourselves — and about what we want. We also have this silly rule that we shouldn’t think too much about production limitations and money when we write. When I become the director again, it bites me in the ass.”
How do they keep it fresh?
“I think we don’t,” laughs Vogt.
“There’s a lot of stuff going on when you make and release films, and we both like to go back to that safe space and rediscover that calm where it’s just our two voices. We are fortunate enough that our films generate more and more noise that we have to shut out, so when we work, we make it personal and small again.”
Following the success of 2021’s “The Worst Person in the World,” which earned them an Academy Award nomination for original screenplay — it also scored an Oscar nomination for international feature — expectations were high. Then again, they always are.
“Every film feels like that. The first one, ‘Reprise,’ was quite successful, so ‘Oslo, August 31st’ was made out of panic: ‘Let’s do what we want now, before we don’t sell out’,” says Trier with a laugh. “’Worst Person’ was this fun film that generated a lot of attention and we knew we were going to put [“Sentimental Value”’”] into a climate of expectation. We used that panic and that energy to go deep into something we cared about.”
In the film, which scored Grand Prix at Cannes, two sisters reunite with their absentee father, a movie director who wants to make a film about their family. It stars Stellan Skarsgård, “Worst Person” breakout star Renate Reinsve and Inga Ibsdotter Lilleaas, who seems to be on the same trajectory as Reinsve in terms of global recognition for her performance.
“A few months into that process, we thought: ‘We’re going to lose some of the people who loved ‘Worst Person’ for being so young and exuberant,’” says Vogt. Fast forward to November and the film is being embraced by an even younger audience and “spreading on TikTok,” says Trier with a hint of irony.
Their friendship allows them to get “very intimate and very personal super quickly” when they write.
“When I write alone, I procrastinate. When I’m procrastinating with Joachim, even if I haven’t done anything, at least I got to spend a day with my friend,” says Vogt. Trier adds: “It took me a long time to create a real family outside of art. I have one now, but Eskil is my longest relationship outside of my parents. We don’t need to be silly romantic about it, but we have to be honest: it’s a real gift.”
Trier continues: “If you look at our filmography, it becomes apparent we’ve been tracing the development of our life stages. I don’t think we could have made ‘Sentimental Value’ earlier in our collaboration.”
They say their relationship is “like every old marriage,” but having an open relationship isn’t an option just yet.
“I think we get enough excitement with other collaborators to keep the marriage happy,” says Trier.
“Eskil has always told me: ‘If you want to write with someone else, it’s OK’ We have those tough conversations, but it just hasn’t happened yet. I still call him during the shoot, so he’s used to me working with others and doing my own thing, and he allows that. I’m also happy to see Eskil making his own films without me at all.”
Vogt, who directed “The Innocents,” adds: “Maybe it would be interesting for you to make a film without me involved…”
“…And see how shitty I really am,” deadpans Trier. “I come from a family of artists — I love the team thing. Eskil can write alone — I would hate that. We get annoyed with each other, but that’s life: there’s still love at the end of the day. So, you know, touch wood. I hope it continues.”
World
Russia warns Western forces in Ukraine would be considered ‘legitimate combat targets’
Putin begins annual televised news conference
Russian President Vladimir Putin held his annual news conference on Friday, which featured questions from journalists and members of the public across the country. (Credit: Reuters)
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Russia on Thursday warned that any Western military forces deployed to Ukraine under a post-war security arrangement would be considered “legitimate combat targets,” sharply criticizing a newly signed Paris declaration outlining security guarantees for Kyiv.
In a statement posted on the Russian Foreign Ministry’s Telegram channel, spokeswoman Maria Zakharova said the declaration, backed by Ukraine, the United States and several European countries, was not aimed at peace but at further militarizing Ukraine and escalating the conflict.
She specifically objected to provisions calling for a multinational force and continued military support for Ukraine’s armed forces, warning that any foreign troops, military infrastructure or facilities on Ukrainian territory would be viewed by Moscow as direct foreign intervention.
UKRAINE, US NEAR 20-POINT PEACE DEAL AS PUTIN SPURNS ZELENSKYY CHRISTMAS CEASEFIRE OFFER
Russian Foreign Ministry spokesperson Maria Zakharova attends the annual press conference held by Foreign Minister Sergei Lavrov on Jan. 14, 2025, in Moscow. (Evgenia Novozhenina/Reuters)
“All such units and facilities will be considered as legitimate combat targets of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation,” Zakharova said.
“These warnings have been voiced more than once at the highest level and remain relevant.”
British Prime Minister Keir Starmer said on Monday the U.K. and France signed a declaration of intent to deploy forces to Ukraine in the event of a peace deal, including establishing military hubs and facilities to store weapons and equipment after a ceasefire.
A soldier fires a third-generation Javelin man-portable anti-tank missile system during a professional training session on Jan. 7, 2026, in Ukraine. (Ukrinform/NurPhoto via Getty Images)
“It paves the way for the legal framework under which British, French and partner forces could operate on Ukrainian soil – securing Ukraine’s skies and seas – and regenerating Ukraine’s armed forces for the future,” Starmer told reporters at a press conference after the Coalition of the Willing meeting in Paris.
RUSSIA ALLEGES ATTACK ON PUTIN RESIDENCE AS UKRAINE DENIES CLAIM AHEAD OF TRUMP TALKS
“We also have agreed [on] significant further steps. First, that we will participate in U.S.-led monitoring and verification of any ceasefire. Second, we will support the long-term provision of armaments for Ukraine’s defence. And third, we will work towards binding commitments to support Ukraine in the case of a future armed attack by Russia,” he added.
Germany’s Chancellor Friedrich Merz, Ukraine’s President Volodymyr Zelenskiy, France’s President Emmanuel Macron, Britain’s Prime Minister Keir Starmer, U.S. Special Envoy Steve Witkoff and U.S. businessman Jared Kushner speak at a press conference after signing a declaration at the Coalition of the Willing summit on Jan. 6, 2026, in Paris. (Ludovic Marin/Pool via Reuters)
U.S. special envoy Steve Witkoff said on X that negotiators made significant progress on a bilateral security guarantee framework and a prosperity plan for Ukraine, calling durable security guarantees essential to a lasting peace.
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Ukrainian President Volodymyr Zelenskyy on Thursday said the document on security guarantees for Ukraine is essentially “ready for finalization at the highest level with the President of the United States.”
“Complex issues from the basic framework for ending the war were also addressed, and the Ukrainian side presented possible options for finalizing this document,” he added. “We understand that the American side will engage with Russia, and we expect feedback on whether the aggressor is genuinely willing to end the war.”
World
Belgium open to housing foreign prisoners in other countries, minister says
Belgium’s Migration Minister Anneleen Van Bossuyt is looking at “every possible solution” to increase the number of irregular migrants returned from Belgium, including renting or building prison space abroad to house foreign prisoners.
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