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Alaska lawmakers seek public sector pension reform over persistent opposition

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Alaska lawmakers seek public sector pension reform over persistent opposition


The Alaska State Capitol in Juneau on January 21, 2025. (Marc Lester / ADN)

Alaska House Majority Leader Chuck Kopp says that if all goes as planned, the House will vote next month on a new public pension.

A bill to reinstate a defined benefit system for Alaska’s public workers — after nearly two decades without one — “will be over in the Senate’s possession before the end of March,” Kopp said this week.

Alaska’s public employees — including teachers, peace officers, local government workers and all state workers — have been without a pension since 2006, when the state instead adopted a 401(k) style retirement plan in an effort to save money.

Unions and groups representing the state’s public employees say that the change has reduced Alaska’s retention of experienced workers.

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“There is one constant theme, and that is high turnover, high vacancies, loss of institutional knowledge, loss of training dollars, and an inability to effectively deliver services because they’re constantly in a training mode,” Kopp, a South Anchorage Republican, told the House Finance Committee this month.

Kopp is working to advance legislation that was first passed by the Senate bipartisan majority more than a year ago. Last year’s Republican-led House majority refused to consider the bill, blocking its progress. But the change in House leadership this year has renewed hope that the measure could pass — despite persistent resistance from some Republican lawmakers.

Ketchikan Republican Rep. Jeremy Bynum, who previously managed the Ketchikan public utilities and served on the Ketchikan Borough Assembly, said that in his experience, retirement isn’t the driving factor in public-sector workers’ decisions to leave the state.

“There’s no doubt that retirement was part of the conversation about why somebody maybe took employment, why they might be leaving employment, but it wasn’t the primary factor. The biggest issues that drove employees where I was at away, was the cost of living in the community,” said Bynum. “It was the remoteness of being in Alaska.”

Opponents of the bill also cite its potential cost as a deterrent. They refer to the unfunded liability the state accrued before 2006, when bad actuarial information left the state with an underfunded retirement plan. The state is still paying off the liability. Though numerous measures were implemented to avoid similar situations moving forward, including requirements for additional actuarial analyses, the risk of future unfunded liabilities looms.

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The exact price of the new proposed plan isn’t known — a full actuarial analysis is underway — but Kopp said he expects the annual cost to be less than what the state currently spends on recruitment and retention efforts to fill critical vacancies, which amounts to tens of millions of dollars per year.

The state has kept critical positions filled, including corrections officers and troopers, in large part by approving annual retention bonuses on top of employees’ regular pay. Still, turnover has led to increased costs for training and filling positions.

“The lost training dollars to the state eclipse the cost of what we are going to be proposing here,” Kopp told lawmakers in a House hearing.

Opposition to defined benefits proposals in Alaska has been shaped in large part by the advocacy of Americans for Prosperity — a national conservative group funded by the billionaire Koch family — which has for years recommended shrinking or eliminating public spending on pension plans across the country.

Americans for Prosperity-Alaska has launched an ad campaign claiming that the cost of the plan could force the state to implement a broad income or sales tax. Lawmakers have said no such taxes are under consideration this year.

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Bethany Marcum, director of AFP-Alaska, previously worked for Gov. Mike Dunleavy when he was a state legislator. She said that “the expectation of savings to recruitment and retention is being greatly overestimated” and pointed to a recent analysis from the Reason Foundation that argued Alaska is “doing a better job at retaining public workers than most states.”

The Reason Foundation, which produces policy papers on retirement systems in various states, serves as AFP-Alaska’s “pension partner,” Marcum said — providing analysis to back the advocacy group’s campaigns.

Data recently compiled by the Reason Foundation showed that Alaska’s state employee turnover rate was lower than the national public sector average, but according to figures — provided to the writers by the Dunleavy administration — Alaska’s turnover rate rose rapidly between 2012 and 2022 — from 11.5% to 17.5%.

Ryan Frost, a researcher with the Reason Foundation, said it was possible that the sharp increase in Alaska’s turnover rate was due to the elimination of Alaska’s pre-2006 pension plan.

“That makes sense to me,” said Frost, who lives in Washington state. “I haven’t looked underneath the hood to see what the (defined benefit) turnover has looked like in Alaska.”

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In 2012, 36% of Alaska’s state workers were not eligible for a pension. By 2022, that figure had gone up to 73%. Recent data from the state shows that only 37% of employees who are ineligible for a pension remain employed by the state more than six years.

Kopp called AFP-Alaska’s messaging “propaganda.”

“They have a right to argue for their interest, but they are very focused on supporting the present annuity financial services industry,” said Kopp.

Marcum said AFP-Alaska’s opposition to the defined benefit plan is driven “purely from a principled policy perspective.”

Fairbanks Republican Rep. Frank Tomaszewski proposed this year alternate retirement legislation modeled after 2023 recommendations from the Reason Foundation.

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Tomaszewski’s bill would make the existing defined contribution plan more generous exclusively for public safety workers, who tend to have shorter careers. It would also expand access to the state’s Supplemental Benefit System, which is meant to replace Social Security income, and is not currently open to Alaska educators.

Tomaszewski said he favors a defined contribution plan because it allows beneficiaries to will their accrued retirement funds to their children. A defined benefit pension ensures that the beneficiary and their spouse continue to receive monthly retirement income for as long as they live, but once the beneficiary and their spouse die, funds cannot be transferred to their surviving descendants.

Tomaszewski said that he liked the idea of ensuring that children of public sector workers have access to an inheritance.

“That money is actually yours, in your account. You can take it with you, or you can will to your children,” he said.

In the Senate, Majority Leader Cathy Giessel, an Anchorage Republican, has already said she plans to take up the defined benefit bill once it is considered by the House.

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The bipartisan majority in the Senate is expected to support the bill, but one of its members has remained opposed. Sen. Bert Stedman, a Sitka Republican, instead favors expansion of the Supplemental Benefit System.

“If we want to improve the teachers’ retirement, number one is they should be in SBS,” said Stedman.

By his calculation, allowing teachers to contribute to SBS would give them hundreds of thousands of dollars in additional retirement income.

Alaska is the only state that offers teachers neither a defined benefit pension, nor access to Social Security income.

The system requires both employees and employers — meaning school districts and local governments — to contribute 6.13% of participating employees’ salaries to the system. If the proposal were adopted, the cost to local employers would be in the tens of millions.

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“We would have to increase the school districts’ funding to incorporate something like this,” said Tomaszewski.

In an effort to persuade reticent Republicans, proponents of the defined benefits plans repeatedly describe its lack of generosity. Unlike the pre-2006 system, employees’ retirement contributions could be raised in response to underfunding in the plan; employees would get a Health Savings Account instead of access to state-sponsored health insurance; and there would be no cost-of-living adjustment for retirees who choose to stay in Alaska.

“This is structurally so different that it’s barely recognizable. It would be like comparing a rotten apple on an old tree to a robust pear on a living tree. They’re both fruit, but it ends there,” Kopp told the House Finance Committee in a hearing for House Bill 78.

Still, Kopp said this “fiscally conservative” bill will be an improvement on the state’s current defined contribution system, which leaves most public sector workers ill-prepared for retirement and without any incentive to remain in the state beyond the initial five-year vesting period, according to an analysis conducted last year by the state’s retirement division.

“I’m actually glad that people recognize this bill is not generous,” said Kopp. “It’s almost incredible that our current system is so bad that our employee groups across the state uniformly support this bill as being better than what we have.”

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Daily News reporter Sean Maguire contributed to this report.





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Cruise companies to Alaska are avoiding a popular excursion to Tracy Arm after a massive landslide

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Cruise companies to Alaska are avoiding a popular excursion to Tracy Arm after a massive landslide


JUNEAU, Alaska (AP) — For years, a popular part of many cruises in southeast Alaska has been sailing up Tracy Arm, a long, narrow fjord marked by steep mountains, glittering waterfalls and calving glaciers.

But this season, major cruise lines are skipping it. A massive landslide last summer sent parts of a glacier crashing into the water, generated a tsunami and pushed a wave high up the opposite mountain wall. Several companies opting out cited safety concerns with the still-hazardous slopes.

“Tracy Arm is the majestic princess, you know, she is the queen of fjords,” said travel agent Nate Vallier.

The destination cruise and tour companies have chosen as an alternative — nearby Endicott Arm and Dawes Glacier — is “still beautiful by any means, but it’s just not the same,” he said.

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Tracy Arm, southeast of Juneau, is a roughly 30-mile (50-kilometer) fjord that features two tidewater glaciers — the North and South Sawyer — and wildlife, including seals and bears.

Early on Aug. 10, 2025, a landslide originating high on a slope above the toe of the South Sawyer, near the head of the fjord, sent water surging more than a quarter mile (more than half a kilometer) up the mountain wall opposite the slide and out Tracy Arm.

No ships were in the fjord, officials said, and no deaths or injuries were reported. But kayakers camped on an island near where Tracy and Endicott arms meet had much of their gear swept away by the rushing water.

Southeast Alaska, largely encompassed by a temperate rainforest, is no stranger to landslides. And while it’s long been known the fjord network in the Tracy Arm region has been susceptible, the slope that failed had not been identified as an active hazard before last summer’s collapse, said Gabriel Wolken, manager of the state’s climate and ice hazards program.

Scientists are working to understand not only what caused the slope to collapse but to understand what other hazards might exist in the fjord, he said.

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The area remains unstable, said Steven Sobieszczyk, a U.S. Geological Survey spokesperson. Steep landslide areas continue to change for years after an initial slide, he said by email.

“Continued rockfall and small-scale sliding from the exposed landslide scar are expected and could impact the water, potentially causing a future localized tsunami,” he said.

Major cruise companies, including Holland America, Carnival Cruise Line and Royal Caribbean said in response to inquiries from The Associated Press that they are replacing a Tracy Arm visit with Endicott Arm. MSC Cruises, Virgin Voyages and regional tour company Allen Marine also are doing Endicott and Dawes Glacier instead. Norwegian Cruise Line said it does not have voyages sailing by Tracy Arm.

Endicott already has been a stop for some ships previously and an alternative when conditions in Tracy Arm, such as excess ice, have been unsafe.

Vallier, who owns the Alaska Travel Desk, said he would have liked cruise companies to give travelers more advance notice about itinerary changes.

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After leaving Seattle, the first ships of the season are due April 21 in Ketchikan and in Juneau the following week.

Seeing a glacier — particularly a dynamic, calving glacier — is a bucket-list item for many tourists, and that’s what has made Tracy Arm so popular, he said. While the Mendenhall Glacier in Juneau is a major attraction for the capital city and cruise port, many visitors view it from across a large lake, and it has diminished or entirely retreated from view from some hiking overlooks.

Kimberly Lebeda of Wichita, Kansas, was excited when she booked tickets for a Tracy Arm excursion for her family last year. Lebeda, who researches areas she visits, said she was sold on the scenery.

But the night before the stop, they were told that due to ice in Tracy Arm, they would go up Endicott instead. Her family and others who’d booked the excursion got off the ship and onto a smaller boat with glass windows, abundant seating and snacks. They saw seals on ice floes, waterfalls and “a wall of ice” calve from Dawes Glacier, she said.

She called it “an amazing thing to witness.”

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“Was it worth it? Yes, because I don’t know if I’ll ever get to do that trip again,” she said. “Again, I haven’t ever been to Tracy Arm so I can’t really compare. But to me, was it worth it and was it exciting? Absolutely.”



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Editorial: Why has the Alaska Senate refused to raise the age of consent?

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Editorial: Why has the Alaska Senate refused to raise the age of consent?


The Alaska State Capitol building in Juneau. (Loren Holmes / ADN)

In a state with some of the highest rates of sexual abuse in the nation, why are Alaska’s lawmakers so slow to act on a bill aimed at protecting minors?

House Bill 101 unanimously passed the House last session but has since languished in the Senate Judiciary Committee, where it’s been shielded from any action. The reason for that? Senate Judiciary Committee Chair Matt Claman, an Anchorage Democrat who is running for governor, wants to use the bill as an anchor for an omnibus crime package that’s yet to be unveiled. The bill’s sponsor, Anchorage Rep. Andrew Gray, also a Democrat, wants to keep HB 101 a standalone item, arguing it has a better chance of becoming law on its own rather than being watered down in an omnibus package with who-knows-what legislation yet to be attached — and he’s right.

The crux of the bill itself is simple: Raise the age of consent from 16 to 18. It’s a no-brainer of a bill, and it should be passed on its own rather than be cobbled into an omnibus behemoth.

Omnibus bills have a track record of becoming legislative junk drawers — catch-all packages that often include legislators’ pet projects, broadly sweeping proposals or last-minute amendments that can sink legislation. What starts as a clear bill can quickly derail into a diluted version of itself, which benefits no one at the end of the day. It’s exactly for those reasons that some lawmakers — in this case Sen. Claman — build omnibus bills in the first place, and it’s bad governance.

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That offense is especially acute here. House Bill 101 didn’t just pass the House — it passed unanimously. That’s a rare feat in this age of partisan gridlock. Ensconcing it in a multi-layered package is pure politics, an attempt to create a prop on which to hang a gubernatorial campaign.

Rep. Gray has been correctly explicit about the danger. The more pieces you weld onto a bill, the more chances you create for opposition to form. A measure that could pass 20-0 in the Senate on its own today suddenly becomes vulnerable when tied to unrelated policies slated for tomorrow. And it’s not just that an omnibus package is harder to pass — the building of these mega-bills is expressly undemocratic. Voters and lawmakers should be able to clearly support initiatives that rise or fall on their own merits. When multiple laws are packaged together, lawmakers are forced to accept or deny the whole package rather than each individual proposal. This subverts a full debate and leads to broadly unpopular laws being passed against voters’ wishes.

There also is a time factor at play. With the legislative session rolling fast toward a scheduled May 20 close, pushing forth a yet-to-be-seen omnibus package is like hitting the emergency brake as the train pulls into the station. In a Legislature where time is short and priorities compete for attention, an omnibus rollout is a risk lawmakers should hesitate to embrace.

Alaska consistently ranks at or near the top in the nation for sexual assault and abuse. More than half of reported sex offenses in Alaska involve crimes against children. The current law leaves a gap that predators can and do exploit. At 16, a teenager in Alaska can legally consent to sex with someone of any age. That means when a 16- or 17-year-old is targeted by a much older adult, the burden often falls on the teen to prove in court that the encounter was not consensual — a high bar that can complicate prosecutions and discourage reporting.

House Bill 101 aims to fix that by shifting the legal framework in a way that better protects minors and gives law enforcement clearer tools. It puts the responsibility where it belongs — on the adult, not the child. Teens ages 13 to 15 could still legally engage with someone up to four years older, and 16- and 17-year-olds with someone up to six years older. The goal is not to police teenage relationships but to draw a clearer, more defensible line when adults prey on minors.

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Lawmakers can and should vet this and all bills thoroughly, including fiscal impacts and how the law would be enforced. But those debates belong in the open, on the record, with amendments if needed and votes taken accordingly. They are not a justification for keeping the bill parked in committee or folding it into a broader package that hasn’t even been introduced.

Alaskans deserve to know where their senators stand on this issue. Families, educators and advocates want clarity on whether lawmakers are willing to strengthen protections for minors. And despite Sen. Claman’s grandstanding, victims — past and future — deserve a system that doesn’t make accountability harder than it needs to be.

There is a simple path forward. Move House Bill 101 out of committee as a standalone bill, bring it to the floor and take the vote.





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Prosecutors clear troopers in fatal New Year’s Day shooting of Fairbanks man

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Prosecutors clear troopers in fatal New Year’s Day shooting of Fairbanks man


FAIRBANKS, Alaska (KTUU/KTVF) — State troopers who fatally shot and killed a 24-year-old Fairbanks man on New Year’s Day will face no criminal charges, Alaska prosecutors announced, after an independent review determined they were legally justified in their use of deadly force.

Content Warning: This article contains video and information that some readers might find disturbing.

Newly-released redacted Alaska Department of Public Safety incident records show troopers were called at about 11:28 a.m. Jan. 1 to a home on Gradelle Avenue after a report of a domestic disturbance involving Rexford. Rexford had been released that morning from Fairbanks Memorial Hospital’s behavioral health unit, where he had been admitted since Christmas Day.

According to the incident report, Rexford was sitting on a couch as troopers and family members talked with him about returning to the hospital for an involuntary mental health commitment.

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The report says Rexford suddenly ran into the kitchen, grabbed large kitchen knives and began making repeated stabbing motions at a trooper, ultimately forcing him to the ground.

The report also says the trooper sustained a small knife wound to his hand during the struggle, which was confirmed by body-worn camera footage.

Two troopers fired their service weapons during the struggle, the report says. Rexford was struck and pronounced dead at the scene. Rexford’s brother Adam — identified by the family at a January vigil — was also struck by gunfire during the shooting, the incident report says. He was transferred to Harborview Medical Center in Seattle, where he was treated for a gunshot wound to the head, according to the incident report.

Alaska State Troopers have identified the troopers who fired as Trooper John Faul and Trooper Wyatt Miller. According to AST, both troopers had about five and a half months of service at the time of the shooting. The incident report says Faul also had more than three years of prior law enforcement experience as a patrol deputy with the Broward County Sheriff’s Office in Florida.

The Alaska Bureau of Investigation investigated the shooting, and the findings were independently reviewed by the Office of Special Prosecutions, which has declined to file criminal charges against the troopers.

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Alaska’s News Source has reviewed body-worn camera footage and 911 audio released as part of the investigation.

Incident report details

The report says the first 911 call came from Rexford’s brother, who told dispatch his brother was having medical issues and was breaking items in the home and asked that two troopers respond.

The report says a second call came from Rexford’s father, who told dispatch his son was destroying property and had just been released from the hospital’s fourth floor. The father told dispatch no one had been hurt but that Rexford might need to be restrained, according to the report.

The report says troopers were talking with Rexford about a Title 47 — an involuntary mental health commitment — to return him to the hospital. During that conversation, Rexford said multiple times that he wanted to die, according to the report.

Investigators wrote that from the time Rexford stood up and rushed to the kitchen until the final shots were fired was about eight seconds, based on their review of body-worn camera video.

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Vigil held for Rexford

The decision comes nearly three months after family and friends gathered Jan. 26 at Golden Heart Plaza in downtown Fairbanks for a candlelight vigil to remember Rexford.

Rexford’s sister, Linda Rexford, read a statement from their parents.

“He liked to go biking, walking and fishing with his family. We were very proud of him buying his first brand new car this past summer by himself,” she said. “He was a kind, thoughtful, caring person who wanted to become a registered nurse. He was excited about being able to do the things he wanted to do and looked forward to working in the medical field in the future.”

Linda Rexford said her brother was born Nov. 7, 2001, in Fairbanks. She said he attended University Park Elementary School, Ryan Middle School and West Valley High School, and became a certified nursing assistant through the University of Alaska Community and Technical College.

Rexford’s uncle, Robert Kious, said at the vigil he wished troopers had used tasers.

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What’s next

DPS has said an administrative process can follow officer-involved shootings to review tactics, training and whether any policy violations occurred. AST has confirmed the next steps will be an administrative review to look at tactics, training and whether policies were followed.

The Alaska Department of Law said it was in the process of being released the Office of Special Prosecutions’ official review on Friday.

The Rexford family’s supporters are now calling for a rally at 2 p.m. on Saturday, April 11 at Geist and University in Fairbanks in support of William and Adam Rexford.

See a spelling or grammar error? Report it to web@ktuu.com

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