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How ‘Yahoo Boys’ use real-time face-swapping to carry out elaborate romance scams

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How ‘Yahoo Boys’ use real-time face-swapping to carry out elaborate romance scams

We’ve all heard of catfish scams – when someone pretends to be a lover on the other side of the screen, but instead, they aren’t who they say they are once their real face is revealed. Now, there’s a similar scam on the rise, and it’s much more sophisticated because scammers can fake the face, too. The scam is known as the “Yahoo Boys” scam, and it’s taking “catfishing” to a whole new level.

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Woman on laptop making a heart sign (Kurt “CyberGuy” Knutsson)

How does deepfake technology work?

Deepfake technology uses AI to allow people to impersonate others over audio or video. The technology is essentially able to replicate someone’s face, facial expressions, gestures, voice, etc., so that the scammer can pretend to be someone they aren’t with almost perfect accuracy. Although deepfake technology has some intentions for good – like in the film industry or advertising (though there are some debates regarding the ethics of this) – it’s generally used for more malicious purposes than anything else.

Because it’s very difficult to tell whether or not a deepfake is the real person or a deepfake (and also because deepfakes are relatively new), deepfakes can have the potential to do a lot of damage. From the larger implications of it being used to spread inaccurate news stories that can sway public opinion and political processes to it being used to inflict damage on individuals with scams, it’s important to know what to watch out for.

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Woman with a scan on her face (Kurt “CyberGuy” Knutsson)

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What is the ‘Yahoo Boys’ scam?

The “Yahoo Boys” scam involves a group of sophisticated cybercriminals, primarily based in Nigeria, who are using this technology to conduct what’s otherwise known as romance scams. Like some catfishing attempts, they first build trust with victims through personal and romantic interactions over messaging and, eventually, video calls, where they then manipulate their appearances in real time to match the description and profile they may have shared with them up until that point.

By doing this, they can trick the victim into trusting them even more. This is because most of us still use video as a way to verify a person’s identity, when messaging isn’t convincing enough. Finally, when the timing is right, the victims are often persuaded into transferring money based on various fabricated scenarios, leading to significant financial losses. In fact, the FBI reported over $650 million lost to romance scams like these.

Man on his cellphone (Kurt “CyberGuy” Knutsson)

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MORE: DON’T FALL FOR THESE SNEAKY TAX SCAMS THAT ARE OUT TO STEAL YOUR IDENTITY AND MONEY

How does it actually work?

In the case of the “Yahoo Boys” scam, the scammers do their dirty work by:

Step 1: The scammer will use two smartphones or a combination of a smartphone and a laptop. One device is used to conduct the video call with the victim, while the other runs face-swapping software.

Step 2: On a secondary device, the scammer activates face-swapping software. This device’s camera films the scammer’s face, and the software adds a digital mask over it. This mask is a realistic replica of another person’s facial features, which the scammer has chosen to impersonate. The software is sophisticated enough to track and mimic the scammer’s facial movements and expressions in real time, altering everything from skin tone and facial structure to hair and gender to match the chosen identity.

Step 3: For the video call, the scammer uses a primary device with its rear camera aimed at the secondary device’s screen. This screen shows the deepfake – the digitally altered face. The rear camera captures this and sends it to the victim, who sees the deepfake as if it’s the scammer’s actual face. To make the illusion more convincing, the devices are stabilized on stands, and ring lights provide even, flattering lighting. This setup ensures that the deepfake appears clear and stable, tricking the victim into believing they’re seeing a real person.

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Step 4: Throughout the call, the scammer speaks using their own voice, although in some setups, voice-altering technology might also be used to match the voice to the deep-faked face. This comprehensive disguise allows the scammer to interact naturally with the victim, reinforcing the illusion.

Though each deepfake scam is different, having a basic level of understanding in terms of how scams like these work can help you recognize them.

Scammer typing on a keyboard (Kurt “CyberGuy” Knutsson)

How to stay safe from deepfake scams

To protect yourself from deepfake scams like the “Yahoo Boys” scam, here’s what you can do:

Verify identities: Always confirm the identity of individuals you meet online through video calls by asking them to perform unpredictable actions in real time, like writing a specific word on paper and showing it on camera.

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Be skeptical of unusual requests: Be cautious if someone you’ve only met online requests money, personal information or any other sensitive details.

Enhance privacy settings: Adjust privacy settings on social media and other platforms to limit the amount of personal information available publicly, which can be used to create deepfake content.

Use secure communication channels: Prefer secure, encrypted platforms for communications and avoid sharing sensitive content over less secure channels.

Educate yourself about deepfakes: Stay informed about the latest developments in deepfake technology to better recognize potentially manipulated content.

Report suspicious activity: If you encounter a potential scam or deepfake attempt, report it to the relevant authorities or platforms to help prevent further incidents.

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By following these guidelines, you can reduce your risk of falling victim to sophisticated digital scams and protect your personal and financial information from falling into the hands of these scammers.

Woman talking on her cellphone (Kurt “CyberGuy” Knutsson)

MORE: CAN AI HELP SOMEONE STAGE A FAKE KIDNAPPING SCAM AGAINST YOUR FAMILY

Protecting your identity in the age of deepfakes

As deepfake technology becomes more accessible and convincing, the risk of identity theft increases. Scammers can use stolen personal information to create more believable deepfakes, making it harder for you to detect fraud. Furthermore, the sophistication of deepfakes may allow criminals to bypass biometric security measures, potentially granting them unauthorized access to your personal accounts and sensitive financial information. This is where identity theft protection services become invaluable.

Identity Theft companies can monitor personal information like your Social Security Number, phone number and email address and alert you if it is being sold on the dark web or being used to open an account. They can also assist you in freezing your bank and credit card accounts to prevent further unauthorized use by criminals.

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One of the best parts of using some services is that they might include identity theft insurance of up to $1 million to cover losses and legal fees and a white-glove fraud resolution team where a U.S.-based case manager helps you recover any losses. See my tips and best picks on how to protect yourself from identity theft.

By subscribing to a reputable identity theft protection service, you can add an extra layer of security, ensuring that your digital presence is monitored and protected against the ever-evolving tactics of cybercriminals like the “Yahoo Boys.”

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Kurt’s key takeaways

The main targets of the “Yahoo Boys” scam are individuals who establish online romantic relationships with the scammers. Because these victims are often emotionally invested and therefore more susceptible to manipulation, there’s not necessarily a specific age or demographic that can become a victim. And because we know the root of all these scams is the deepfake technology, truly anyone can become a target. So, we hope this helps, but also, be sure to spread the word to friends and family.

Have you heard of any other types of deepfake scams? Or do you know anyone who has been a victim of scams like this? Let us know by writing us at Cyberguy.com/Contact.

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Meta is adding ridiculous ‘rate limits’ and a soft paywall to its smart glasses

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Meta is adding ridiculous ‘rate limits’ and a soft paywall to its smart glasses

Would you pay $20 a month for access to AI hardware you already own? That appears to be one of Meta’s next bets. This week, it quietly announced that your glasses’ Conversation Focus feature will soon be limited to three hours of use per month, unless you pay for a $19.99 Meta One Premium subscription.

In a help article, the company insists that it won’t require a subscription to use your glasses, period; it’s merely erecting a “rate limit” for certain AI features. Even premium subscribers will only get 15 hours of Conversation Focus per month under that “rate limit,” it claims.

Problem is, Meta’s rate limit is ridiculous. The Conversation Focus feature, which amplifies the voice of the person you’re speaking to so you can hear better in noisy environments, is not something that should plausibly be rate-limited, because it doesn’t use Meta’s servers. It runs on-device, using the chips inside the glasses that you’ve already purchased. I turned off my internet, and it kept working.

Here’s how the company introduced it last year: “[C]onversation focus uses your AI glasses’ open-ear speakers, beamforming technology, and real-time spatial processing to dynamically amplify the voice of the person you’re talking to.”

Not only does it avoid Meta’s servers, but Conversation Focus doesn’t technically require an internet connection at all. I double-checked by turning off my phone’s Wi-Fi and cellular, turning on Airplane Mode, and I was still able to use Conversation Focus just fine by tapping a button on my phone.

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Does Meta have some secret licensing deal with another company that costs it money every time a person uses Conversation Focus? Failing that, the rate limit sounds utterly bogus.

We’ve asked if Meta can explain the move, and whether the company plans to put other on-device features behind a subscription. Meta didn’t immediately respond to a request for comment.

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Warehouse robots move packages without human handoff

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Warehouse robots move packages without human handoff

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A busy warehouse loading dock can be a grind. Trucks pull up. Packages pour in. Workers have to move fast, lift heavy boxes and keep everything flowing before the next trailer arrives. That part of the warehouse has always been one of the hardest places to automate. Every box can be a different size. Freight can shift in transit. Labels may face the wrong way. And when one system finishes a task, the next system still has to know what to do with the package.

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Now, Ambi Robotics and Pickle Robot Company say they have linked their robotic systems to help solve that handoff problem. The companies announced a commercial integration that connects Pickle Robot’s trailer-unloading robots with Ambi Robotics’ AmbiStack pallet-building system. In other words, one robot system unloads mixed freight from a trailer. Then a conveyor moves those cases downstream so another robotic system can scan and stack them for warehouse receiving.

If this works well in large facilities, it points to a future where robots can handle more of the work that happens between a truck and a warehouse floor.

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Ambi Robotics and Pickle Robot Company have integrated their warehouse robotics systems to automate the flow of freight from trailers to pallets. The companies say the setup can fit into existing warehouse operations. (Ambi Robotics and Pickle Robot Company )

How warehouse robots move packages from truck to pallet

The setup starts at the trailer. Pickle Robot’s system unloads boxes from trailers or containers. That matters because unloading mixed freight can be exhausting work. It also creates bottlenecks when warehouses do not have enough people on the dock. From there, the packages move by conveyor into AmbiStack. Ambi Robotics designed AmbiStack as a multipurpose stacking system. It reads package information and builds pallets for the next stage of the warehouse process.

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The key here is the handoff. Many warehouses already use automation. However, those systems often work in separate lanes. One machine may handle unloading. Another may handle sorting or stacking. Yet the warehouse still needs people or custom engineering to connect the pieces. This collaboration tries to make that connection smoother. The companies say the system can work with existing warehouse infrastructure. That means operators may avoid tearing apart a facility to use it.

Why Physical AI is important for warehouse automation

Physical AI means AI that controls machines doing physical work. That is important here because warehouse robots have to deal with moving boxes, shifting freight, conveyor timing and pallet stability. That creates a very different challenge from software that writes a paragraph or answers a question. A warehouse robot has to react to what sits in front of it. A box can arrive dented. A label can face the wrong way. A pallet can become unstable if the next case goes in the wrong spot.

This Ambi Robotics and Pickle Robot integration shows how that can work inside a warehouse. Pickle Robot handles the trailer unloading. AmbiStack takes over downstream by scanning and stacking cases for receiving. Together, the systems show how specialized robots can connect across a warehouse workflow.

“Warehouse operators shouldn’t have to choose between best-in-class technologies and seamless integration,” said Jim Liefer, CEO of Ambi Robotics. “As Physical AI transforms supply chains, interoperability will become increasingly important.”

AJ Meyer, founder and CEO of Pickle Robot Company, put the customer demand more directly: “Customers want automation that improves real-world throughput while fitting into existing operations.”

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A new warehouse automation system connects robotic trailer unloading with AI-powered pallet building, reducing manual handoffs on busy loading docks. (Ambi Robotics and Pickle Robot Company )

Why loading docks can slow warehouse operations

Anyone who has waited on a delayed package knows the supply chain can break down fast. Sometimes the problem starts long before a delivery truck reaches your home. Inbound logistics covers the work that happens when goods arrive at a warehouse. That includes getting boxes off trailers and moving them into the right workflow. It sounds pretty straightforward until you see the reality.

Trailers can be packed unevenly. Boxes can arrive in odd shapes. Warehouse teams also deal with tight schedules and physical strain. That is why loading docks have become such a major focus for automation. If robots can unload freight and pass it into a pallet-building system without constant human intervention, warehouses could move goods faster through one of the most labor-heavy parts of the operation.

How warehouse robots could change jobs

The big question is obvious. What happens to workers? Robots can take over repetitive and physically demanding tasks. That may reduce injuries and help warehouses handle labor shortages. It may also change which jobs companies need most.

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Instead of spending a full shift unloading trailers, some workers may monitor the unloading and stacking systems. Others may step in when a package jams, a label fails to scan or a pallet needs human attention.

Still, that shift can feel unsettling. Automation often comes with a promise of safety and efficiency. Workers want to know where they fit in next. That is very important. A robot may move a box, but people still handle judgment calls, customer issues and fast decisions when the workflow changes.

Why retailers want connected warehouse robots now

Retailers and logistics companies feel pressure from several directions. Consumers expect faster shipping. Warehouses face staffing challenges. Meanwhile, e-commerce keeps creating more package volume. That creates a hard math problem. Companies need to move more goods without slowing down at the dock.

This Ambi Robotics and Pickle Robot setup gives warehouse operators another option. Instead of buying one giant system from a single vendor, they can connect specialized robotic tools that handle different parts of the job. That could give operators more flexibility. It could also help them avoid major redesigns, which can be expensive and disruptive. In other words, the robots are getting smarter. They are also starting to work together in more useful ways.

What this means to you

Even if you never set foot in a warehouse, this kind of automation can affect your life. When warehouses move goods more efficiently, stores may restock faster. Online orders may move with fewer delays. Returns may get processed more quickly. There is another side, too. More automation can reshape job roles inside warehouses. That means workers may need new training as companies bring in more robotic systems.

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You may also hear fewer excuses when packages run late. If robots help warehouses operate with fewer bottlenecks, retailers may raise expectations for speed even more. That sounds convenient, but it also means the race for faster delivery keeps putting pressure on every part of the supply chain.

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Ambi Robotics and Pickle Robot Company say their integrated systems could help warehouses move inbound freight faster while easing physically demanding work. (Ambi Robotics and Pickle Robot Company )

Kurt’s key takeaways

What grabs me here is the handoff. One robot unloads packages from a trailer. Another scans and stacks them for the next part of the warehouse process. That is the piece that could change how loading docks operate. Warehouses are full of little delays that add up fast. If a package sits in the wrong place or waits for a person to move it to the next step, the whole process can slow down. This integration shows how warehouse robots may start taking over more of that middle work between the truck and the warehouse floor. Still, the human side deserves attention. These systems could reduce backbreaking work, which is a good thing. At the same time, they may change what warehouse workers are asked to do. The companies that make that transition clear, fair and useful for workers will be the ones to watch.

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If robots can unload the truck, build the pallet and keep the warehouse moving, what job inside the warehouse gets automated next? Let us know by writing to us at CyberGuy.com.

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Google’s NotebookLM can sum up your research in a TikTok-style clip

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Google’s NotebookLM can sum up your research in a TikTok-style clip

Google’s NotebookLM is adding a new way to catch up on your notes: TikTok-style AI videos. The new feature is rolling out to Google AI Ultra and Pro subscribers, allowing NotebookLM to generate 60-second vertical AI clips based on the sources you upload to the app.

The example shared by Google details Australia’s unsuccessful war on emus, pairing paper cutout-style AI art of emus with narration. It adds to some of the other ways NotebookLM lets you interact with your research, including by generating AI podcasts, cinematic videos, and visual explainers.

To generate a 60-second clip, head to NotebookLM on the web or app, select a notebook, and then choose “Video” from the Studio column on the right side of the screen. From there, select “Short,” choose the topic you’d like NotebookLM to focus on (or enter your own), and then hit the “Generate” button.

The feature is rolling out in English only for now, with support for free users coming “soon.”

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