Oklahoma
Catholic Church historian looking for ‘honest assessment’ of Indigenous boarding schools in Oklahoma

Catholic Church is conducting oral history interviews of people who attended Oklahoma Catholic boarding schools for Native Americans
Impacts of Catholic Indian boarding schools reach across generations
The Archdiocese of Oklahoma City and Diocese of Tulsa launched a program for healing and reconciliation surrounding the Native boarding schools.
Addison Kliewer, Oklahoman
An oral historian has begun conducting interviews with people whose family histories are intertwined with Oklahoma Catholic boarding schools for Native Americans.
The interviews of former boarding school students and their descendants are being conducted to glean information for the Oklahoma Catholic Native Schools Project, an ambitious effort launched in 2021 by the Archdiocese of Oklahoma City, the Diocese of Tulsa and St. Gregory’s Abbey.
Through the project, Oklahoma Catholic leaders said they hoped to gain an honest assessment of the history and legacy of boarding schools for Native Americans that were operated by the church from 1880 to 1965.
According to the archdiocese, 14 Catholic boarding schools for Native Americans existed in Oklahoma between 1880 and 1965. The first one opened in Konawa in 1880 and closed in 1926. The last boarding school, St. Patrick’s in Anadarko, closed in 1965. They were all overseen by various Catholic religious orders.
George Rigazzi, the archdiocese’s archivist, said about seven people showed up in Anadarko to share their histories with an independent historian.
But the oral history initiative hit a snag when a planned second set of interviews in the Fairfax/Pawhuska area was not as fruitful. Because of this, a third interview time in Hominy has been postponed as church leaders regroup to determine how to encourage more people to share their stories.
“I understand the reticence, believe me, because it’s a matter of trust,” Rigazzi said. “We know not everything that happened in the Catholic Indian schools was bad, but we also know there were some things that were not right.”
The interviews in Hominy were initially planned for the first week of January. Rigazzi said church leaders are working with various groups to spread the word to Indigenous communities around the state and a meal designed to open up the lines of communication may be held in February. He said the church is primarily targeting Indigenous people for the interviews, but other people who attended the schools or their descendants are welcome to share their stories, as well.
The Native Schools Project came in the wake of a reckoning that began in Canada after the May 2021 discovery of 215 unmarked graves of Indigenous children by Canada’s Tk’emlúps te Secwepemc First Nation at the Kamloops Indian Residential School in British Columbia. Shortly afterward, U.S. Interior Secretary Deb Haaland launched a comprehensive review of the federal government’s role with Indigenous boarding schools, aiming to discover and highlight the intergenerational effect of the schools and the trauma they created for hundreds of Indigenous children and families.
More: Deb Haaland visits Oklahoma ’12 years of hell’: Former students recount life at Native American boarding schools in OK
In May 2022, the Interior Department published a federal report based on its investigation, underscoring the wide-ranging forms of abuse that Native students were forced to endure at the boarding schools, all with the purported goal of helping them assimilate into white culture. In June 2022, Oklahoma — which had 76 of the schools, more than any other state ― was the first stop on Haaland’s “Road to Healing” listening tour to hear boarding school survivors talk about their experiences.
Oral histories versus ‘listening sessions’
Thus far, the project has included research being conducted in partnership with Marquette University in Milwaukee, Wisconsin, which holds the archives for the Bureau of Catholic Indian Missions. Specific collaboration is with Marquette professor Bryan Rindfleisch, who specializes in Native American history and studies.
More: Boarding school research Days of Native Americans at boarding schools are being brought to light with professor’s work
Notably, the project also has included “listening sessions” which were designed to draw former Indigenous boarding school students or their descendants to local churches to talk about their experiences with Deacon Roy Callison, with the archdiocese’s American Indian Catholic Outreach.
Callison, who facilitated the sessions with his wife, Susan, has said the listening sessions were generally informative and positive. At least one, a listening session held in early 2022 at Sacred Heart Catholic Church in Konawa was not as positive, after it ended abruptly when several Native American women spoke about the troubled history of some of the boarding schools. The session ended on a sour note when a priest asked the Native American women to leave because church members became upset about the women’s negative portrayal of the boarding schools.
Rigazzi said the listening sessions were helpful by providing the Callisons with opportunities to talk about the Native Schools Project with local church members. They also gave Indigenous people and others in the community opportunities to share their stories about the boarding schools with those who gathered for the sessions.
He said the oral history interviews are different because they are being conducted in private and in non-church settings. Also, the archivist said church leaders have ensured that people may share their stories privately with oral history interviewer Lisa Lynn Brooks, an educator who is Choctaw. Rigazzi said Brooks is an Oklahoman who currently lives in New Jersey and she is not Catholic.
He said another individual helping with this latest part of the project is Dana Attocknie, managing editor of the Sooner Catholic, the Oklahoma City archdiocese’s official news outlet. Rigazzi and the archdiocese’s chancellor, Michael Scaperlanda, said Attocknie, who is Comanche and Pueblo, has been helping spread the word about the oral history effort. Scaperlanda said she recommended that the initiative be advertised in tribal newspapers and that has been done.
Scaperlanda said church leaders had hoped to begin the oral history interviews sooner but encountered a few roadblocks. He said they knew the interviews needed to be conducted by someone with no church ties but also a person who has been trained to conduct such interviews, particularly because of the sensitive and personal nature of the topic.
He said Brooks was added to the project once they determined she was the right person for the task but the logistics of where the interviews would take place also slowed the process down.
“We also knew that time was of the essence because the last school closed in 1965 and a lot of these folks are getting older,” Scaperlanda said.
He said it’s important to note that the church will not publicize oral histories if people don’t want to make them public. The idea behind the effort is to record the histories for the project, but only publicize them if the individual grants permission.
“We want to capture that history and preserve their privacy,” Scaperlanda said.
Like Rigazzi, he said he’s hoping that people will see the advertisements or hear about the oral history effort through word of mouth and decide to share their stories “because we really do want to understand what our boarding school history is.”
For more information about the oral history interviews, go to https://archokc.org/oknativeschoolsproject.
More: Catholic Indian boarding schools Catholic leaders exploring history, legacy of Oklahoma Catholic Indian boarding schools

Oklahoma
Oklahoma legislators want to require schools to show controversial ‘Baby Olivia’ video
Oklahoma
Oklahoma State's Wyatt Hendrickson fires off faithful message after shocking NCAA title win in front of Trump

Oklahoma State wrestler Wyatt Hendrickson pulled off a stunning upset against Minnesota’s Gable Steveson on Saturday in front of President Donald Trump at the NCAA Wrestling Championships.
Hendrickson won the national title in the 285-pound division. Steveson is an Olympic gold medalist who took a year off from collegiate wrestling to pursue NFL and WWE careers. He returned to school this season to finish up his eligibility and made it as far as he could go.
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Oklahoma State’s Wyatt Hendrickson celebrates after defeating Minnesota’s Gable Steveson during a 285-pound match in the finals at the NCAA wrestling championships on Saturday, March 22, 2025 in Philadelphia. (AP Photo/Matt Rourke)
A day after the win, Hendrickson fired off a faithful message on X.
“That just happened. Nothing is impossible when you have God by your side!” he wrote.
Hendrickson, who is a second lieutenant in the U.S. Air Force, expounded more about his faith in the post-match media availability with reporters.
“I think it’s going to be a couple more days before the emotions settle down. But first, I just want to thank my family. I want to thank my Lord and Savior, Jesus Christ, for blessing me,” he said, via ASAP Sports. “In that last shot, I was in on that leg and there was a little extra push behind me to get that takedown. I don’t think that was by chance.
“At the beginning of the week, Brandon Mason, our doctor, we went to Life Church, and he was, like, ‘Hey, guys great sermon.’ I was listening to the sermon. He was talking about David and Goliath. And David had a vision of victory before he stepped on the mat.”
PENN STATE WRESTLERS SPEAK OUT ON TRUMP’S ATTENDANCE AT NCAA CHAMPIONSHIPS

President Donald Trump, right, greets Oklahoma State’s Wyatt Hendrickson after he defeated Minnesota’s Gable Steveson during a 285-pound match in the finals at the NCAA wrestling championships on Saturday, March 22, 2025 in Philadelphia. (AP Photo/Matt Rourke)
He said he focused on that biblical passage ahead of the final match against Steveson, who was believed to be the favorite.
“I kind of carried that with me all week. Even though he went after Goliath and everyone was, like, ‘This can’t be done,’ he had a mind of a champion, he had a vision of victory. Leading up to this tournament, I knew that my head had to be in the right place if I wanted to end up on top.
“Going out there, I was courageous. And my strength is – it worked out. I wrestled that match. I was patient. I went in with the right mindset. And off the bat I was, like, ‘This isn’t going to be an easy match.’ Right off the beginning it was scrambles on the out. I didn’t want to concede any points. That was the mindset I had to have, was to act like I wanted to be a champion and wrestle like I wanted to be a champion.
“He took me down once. But I took him down when it mattered.”
Hendrickson saluted Trump after the win and shook his hand.

Oklahoma State’s Wyatt Hendrickson, right, reacts after defeating Minnesota’s Gable Steveson during a 285-pound match in the finals at the NCAA wrestling championships on Saturday, March 22, 2025 in Philadelphia. (AP Photo/Matt Rourke)
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He added after the match that he planned to pursue a career in the U.S. Air Force.
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Oklahoma
PREVIEW: (6) Iowa WBB vs (3) Oklahoma (NCAA Tournament)
PREVIEW: (6) Iowa WBB vs (3) Oklahoma (NCAA Tournament)
WHO: 3-seed Oklahoma Sooners (26-7, 11-5 Big 12)
WHEN: 3:00 PM CT (Monday, March 24, 2025)
WHERE: Lloyd Noble Center (Norman, OK)
TV: ESPN (Kevin Fitzgerald, Kim Adams)
RADIO: Hawkeye Radio Network (Rob Brooks, Kathryn Reynolds)
MOBILE: espn.com/app
ONLINE: espn.com/watch
FOLLOW: @HawkeyeBeacon | @IowaWBB | @espnW | @IowaonBTN |
To advance to the Sweet 16 for the fourth time in the last five seasons, Iowa will need to do something on Monday that Lisa Bluder never did and that no Iowa team has done since 1993: win a second round game on an opponent’s court. Iowa did win a second round game away from home in 2021 — but that was the COVID-impacted tournament, when all of the games were played on neutral sites in and around San Antonio.
You have to go back to 1993 and an Iowa win at Old Dominion to find a second round win for the Hawkeyes in a true road game. This year, Iowa will need to defeat 3-seed Oklahoma on its home floor to make it back to the Sweet 16 for a third consecutive season.
Oklahoma went 26-7 this season overall and 11-5 in SEC play and, like Iowa, the Sooners were one of the hottest teams in the country down the stretch. After falling to 4-5 in league play on February 2, Oklahoma ran off seven wins in a row to wrap up the regular season, then added two more wins in the SEC Tournament before losing to South Carolina in the semifinals. This is a Sooner team playing with a lot of confidence heading into Monday’s game.
PROJECTED IOWA STARTING LINEUP
G Lucy Olsen (5’10”; 17.8 ppg, 3.6 rpg, 5.2 apg, 44.0 FG%, 35.2 3FG%)
G Kylie Feuerbach (6’0″; 6.5 ppg, 2.0 rpg, 2.4 apg; 37.2 FG%, 28.1 3FG%)
G Taylor McCabe (5’9″; 6.8 ppg, 2.4 rpg, 1.2 apg, 41.5 FG%, 40.6 3FG%)
F Sydney Affolter (5’11”; 8.7 ppg, 7.8 rpg, 2.6 apg, 49.5 FG%, 48.1 3FG%)
F Hannah Stuelke (6’2″; 12.8 ppg, 7.8 rpg, 2.2 apg, 50.0 FG%, 11.8 3FG%)
PROJECTED OKLAHOMA STARTING LINEUP
G Payton Verhulst (6’1″, 14.9 ppg, 5.8 rpg, 4.0 apg, 1.5 spg, 42.6 FG%, 34.8 3FG%)
G Reyna Scott (5’10”, 4.7 ppg, 1.7 rpg, 2.1 apg, 45.6 FG%, 26.8 3FG%)
F Sahara Williams (5’11”, 10.5 ppg, 4.7 rpg, 2.2 apg, 40.7 FG%, 29.8 3FG%)
F Skylar Vann (6’0″, 9.8 ppg, 4.9 rpg, 2.7 apg, 41.0 FG%, 25.8 3FG%)
C Raegan Beers (6’4″, 17.7 ppg, 9.2 rpg, 1.1 apg, 1.1 bpg, 65.0 FG%, 37.9 3FG%)
PREVIEW
From one high-scoring offense to another — on Saturday, Iowa faced Murray State, who entered the game with the leading scoring offense in the nation (87.9 ppg). On Monday, Iowa faces Oklahoma, who enters the game with the… fifth-leading scoring offense in the country at 85.1 ppg. Iowa smothered the Racers, holding them to a season-low 57 points and just 5-of-30 shooting from distance.
Oklahoma looks like a much more formidable test for Iowa than Murray State, though. The Sooners are 11th overall in Bart Torvik’s rankings and they achieved that lofty ranking by being good on both ends of the floor. Oklahoma ranks 23rd in offensive efficiency and have been even better on defense, ranking 11th in defensive efficiency.
The Sooners strength on comes from their ability to shoot the ball — and their ability to crash the offensive glass. Oklahoma is 25th nationally in effective FG% (52.1%) and that number is fueled primarily by their ability to make 2-point shots; they rank 9th nationally in 2-point field goal percentage, at 54.5%. The Sooners aren’t as proficient from long range — 32.2% from beyond the arc,128th nationally — so it tracks that they rank just 82nd in three-point rate.
Oklahoma also makes sure to emphasize rebounding; the Sooners are 25th nationally in offensive rebounding rate, grabbing 37.5% of their misses. They’ve been even better at preventing opponents from getting their misses, too; ranking 11th nationally in that category on defense and allowing opponents to claim just 24.7% of their misses this year. The Sooners are second in the nation in total rebounds per game (47.5) and defensive rebounds per game (32.8).
On top of that, Oklahoma is also an elite passing team with crisp ball movement and a keen willingness to set up teammates for good looks and easy baskets. Oklahoma leads the nation in assists this season (21.9 per game) and that’s largely a function of team-wide distribution — seven different players are averaging at least 1.8 assists per game this season and only one is averaging more than 2.7 assists per game.
On defense, Oklahoma’s strengths mimic their strengths on offense. The Sooners don’t force a lot of turnovers (282nd in turnovers forced) and they have a good-not-excellent free throw rate (127th), but they’re excellent at contesting shots and keeping opponents from collecting their misses.
Opponents have an effective FG% of 41.9% against Oklahoma, which ranks 21st nationally. Opponents have converted only 41.4% of their 2-point attempts (30th) and 28.7% of their 3-point tries (50th) against the Sooners. Good luck getting one of those missed shots back as well — as noted, opponents get just 24.7% of their missed baskets this year (11th nationally).
While Iowa enjoyed a significant size advantage against Murray State (especially after the Racers’ star player, Katelyn Young, left early in the third quarter with an injury), that won’t be the case against Oklahoma. The Sooners start four players 5’11” or taller, led by Oregon State transfer Raegan Beers in the middle, a 6’4″ post with tremendous length and skill.
Despite averaging only 22.2 minutes per game, Beers leads the Sooners in scoring (17.7 ppg), rebounding (9.2 rpg), and blocks (1.1 bpg), all while shooting a hyper-efficient 65.0% from the floor. While almost 90% of her attempts have been inside the 3-point line, she’s flashed some floor-stretching ability as well, making 37.9% of her 3-point efforts, albeit on just 29 attempts. Keeping her in check is going to take a massive effort from Hannah Stuelke, Ava Heiden, and Addison O’Grady.
Guard Payton Verhulst provides some outside scoring pop to help balance Beers’ post production. She’s a well-rounded player, ranking second on the team in scoring (14.9 ppg) and rebounding (5.8 rpg) and serving as the ringleader of the Sooners’ passing attack (team-high 4.0 assists per game). While Beers does most of her damage in the paint and around the rim, Verhulst is one of Oklahoma’s top outside threats, launching almost seven three-pointers per game and converting on 34.8% of those tries.
Sahara Williams, who played at Waterloo West as a prep and was an Iowa target in recruiting, is the final Sooner averaging in double figures at 10.5 ppg, alongside 4.7 rpg and 2.2 apg. Williams, alongside fellow starting forward Skylar Vann (9.8 ppg, 4.79 rpg, 2.7 apg) have been two of Oklahoma’s more willing 3-point shooters, ranking second and fourth on the team in long range attempts, though they’ve only made 29.8% and 25.8% of their 3-poitn tries, respectively.
Williams isn’t even the only Iowan on the OU roster, as the Sooners also have Aubrey Joens, an Iowa City native who started her college career at Iowa State before transferring to Oklahoma two seasons ago. She has played a limited role this season, averaging 2.2 ppg in 5.7 minutes of action.
Reyna Scott rounds out the expected starting five for Oklahoma; she’s averaged 4.7 ppg, 1.7 rpg, and 2.1 apg this season while shooting 45.6% from the floor (26.8% from deep). But Oklahoma is a team that’s not afraid to go deep into its bench for players — at least 10 Sooners are averaging at least 14 minutes per game and eight players are averaging at five points per game.
Guards Zya Vann and Lexy Keys and forward Liz Scott have been three of the most prominent Sooners off the bench. Vann (15.3 minutes per game) has averaged 7.0 ppg, 2.4 rpg, and 1.9 apg on 42.4% shooting from the field (36.2% from 3-point range). Keys (21.1 mpg) has been a major weapon from outside, averaging 3.9 triples per game and making 35.4% of those long range efforts. Scott (14.0 mpg) provides size of the bench (6’2″) and has contributed 6.6 ppg, 4.8 rpg, and 1.3 apg on 53.0% shooting from the floor.
The Hawkeyes played one of their best games of the season to demolish Murray State in the opening round; they’ll likely need to summon a similar effort in order to knock off an Oklahoma team that has significant length and depth alongside one of the most potent offenses in the country this year.
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