Maryland lawmakers, like many of the rest of us, are motivated by deadlines, and a major one comes at midnight.

Monday is the 69th day of the General Assembly’s 90-day session. Known as Crossover Day, it’s the deadline for bills to pass one chamber — the Senate or the House of Delegates — and cross over to the other for the best chance of full passage.

This being politics, exceptions can always be made for a late-emerging, high-priority issue. But most bills that fail to make the crossover deadline will be left in the legislative dust for the year.

Senators and delegates have spent long hours in session over the past week, advancing hundreds of bills. During multiple hours’ worth of sessions Saturday, the House of Delegates churned through long lists of bills, fueled by pizza that was brought into the delegates lounge.

So which of the 2,653 bills and 16 resolutions are charging ahead, and which ones are hanging in the balance? Here’s a quick rundown.

Fighting federal immigration enforcement

Even though state lawmakers have limited ability to respond to ramped-up federal immigration enforcement, Democrats are floating seemingly every option possible.

They have already passed a law banning local jails from having formal cooperation agreements with Immigration and Customs Enforcement. Gov. Wes Moore signed that law a month ago.

Since then, lawmakers have considered a raft of actions, though none has yet fully passed.

They include measures to protect noncitizens from enforcement at sensitive locations such as hospitals, prevent personal data from being used for enforcement, and require state and local law enforcement to document federal immigration enforcement.

Lawmakers also are considering bills to require local zoning approval for private detention facilities, and to set standards and oversight for conditions in those centers.

Attacking energy issues

The House of Delagates approved a bill on energy policy that cobbles together multiple ideas — including about $150 annual savings on electric bills — last week. It’s expected to be considered in the Senate after the crossover deadline.

The bill would also require data centers to submit plans showing how they would employ local labor and use battery storage to lessen their impact on the electric grid.

Senate Democratic leaders and Moore are on board with the plan, so the bill shouldn’t face trouble reaching final passage before the end of session.

The bill is called the Utility RELIEF Act, with RELIEF standing for Reducing Energy Load Inflation for Everyday Families.

$70B budget moving forward

The Senate signed off on a roughly $70 billion state budget last week, sending it to the House of Delegates, where it will be debated this week.

There are no tax or fee increases in the budget, though it includes more than $1 billion of spending cuts and fund shifts to cover a gap between revenue coming in and anticipated spending.

Among the most difficult cuts is $127 million sliced from the Developmental Disabilities Administration, which is slightly less than the governor’s original proposal of a $150 million spending cut.

Senate President Bill Ferguson noted that this is the fastest the budget has moved — at least since the coronavirus pandemic-shortened session in 2020.

“This is something that we really wanted to make sure that we got the Senate product done early, so that we wouldn’t have this at the end of session,” said Ferguson, a Baltimore Democrat. “So we could deal with all of the other issues.”

Criminal and juvenile justice reforms

Lawmakers have advanced a bill to ban the sale of Glock handguns and facsimiles because their trigger design allows them to be easily converted into machine guns.

And, on juvenile justice, they are working to reduce the list of crimes for which minors are automatically charged as adults.

Lawmakers are also advancing a version of a bill intended to push the state to carry out plans to build a prerelease and reentry center for incarcerated women. The version in the Senate removes a requirement to put the facility in Baltimore, raising concerns among some advocates.

Lawmakers have yet to vote on a bill that would reform the process through which people can seek criminal charges through a district court commissioner with no input from police or prosecutors. A Baltimore Banner investigation documented how the process can be easily abused.

Foster care improvements

The House of Delegates approved three bills Saturday aimed at improving the troubled foster care system, including creating a foster care ombudsman and banning the state from placing foster children in hotels or keeping them in hospitals when not medically necessary.

One of the bills is called Kanaiyah’s Law for Kanaiyah Ward, a 16-year-old girl who died by suicide last fall in a Baltimore hotel where she was supposed to receive one-on-one supervision.

House Speaker Joseline Peña-Melnyk praised delegates for their unanimous votes on the bills.

“When you go home, each and every one of you has to feel proud of these three bills that just passed, because they are really important,” she said.

Governor’s priorities

Most of the Democratic governor’s priorities are moving forward in some fashion, including legislation to limit grocery stores from rapidly changing prices for different customers, facilitate housing construction around mass transit stops, promote economic development and set a process for the state health secretary to make vaccine recommendations.

Moore put forward a bill on energy policy, which is not moving, but he was involved in developing the larger energy bill.

Symbols and commemorations

The House of Delegates is moving forward with a bill to designate megadolon as the state shark.

Another bill is progressing in the House that would require the governor to proclaim January as Muslim American Heritage Month and May as Jewish American Heritage Month.

The House is also advancing legislation banning state and local governments from using Confederate names on government property such as streets, parks and buildings.

The Senate, meanwhile, passed a bill setting Jan. 13 as Korean American Day and another designating the Natural History Society of Maryland as the state’s natural sciences museum.

Redrawing congressional districts

A hot issue early in the session was whether to redraw Maryland’s congressional district boundaries to give Democrats a chance at a sweep of all eight seats in this fall’s election. The state currently has one Republican member of the U.S. House of Representatives.

Moore championed the plan, which sailed through the House of Delegates before stalling in the Senate. The proposed map has remained parked in the Senate Rules Committee, where it’s expected to stay.

Moore’s team floated the idea that it was working on a “Plan B” for redistricting — possibly pushing a new map for the 2028 election — but nothing has been put forward publicly.

Next steps

After the crossover deadline, lawmakers have three weeks to finalize the bills they intend to send to the governor. Each bill must be approved in the exact form by both the House and the Senate by midnight April 13, and the final days can be marked by wrangling over fine details.

If lawmakers fear Moore will veto any bills, they could present them to the governor early to give themselves time for veto override votes. Typically, veto overrides are taken up in the next scheduled legislative session. There is no session planned before the election.

In a year in which three Maryland-bred runners were Grade 1 winners, including a Breeders’ Cup win, Mindframe is the 2025 Maryland-bred Horse of the Year, as well as champion older male, as announced at this year’s ninth annual Renaissance Champion Awards, held Sunday afternoon, March 22, at Laurel Park. The event is a collaborative effort between the Maryland Horse Breeders Association and the Maryland Thoroughbred Horsemen’s Association, which recognizes excellence in Thoroughbred racing and breeding in Maryland in the past year.

The richest state-bred runner of 2025 with $1,407,220 earned in five starts, Mindframe ranked as one of the best of his generation. He came into the year after taking the title of Maryland-bred champion 3-year-old male when recording two seconds in his only two stakes starts, both Grade 1s, including the Belmont Stakes. In his first start at 4, the Todd Pletcher-trainee returned after a nearly eight-month layoff to record his first stakes victory in the Gulfstream Park Mile-G2 in March. His next two starts were at the highest level. Dropping back to seven furlongs for the Grade 1 Churchill Downs Stakes on Kentucky Derby day, he rallied to get up at the wire over one of the best fields assembled all year, which included Book’em Danno, Nysos and Mullikin.

Back at Churchill in late June, Mindframe faced five rivals, including Sierra Leone, First Mission, Mystik Dan and Hit Show, in the Grade 1 Stephen Foster and won decisively while stopping the clock in 1:47.48 for the mile and an eighth, just .22 seconds off the track record.

Racing for Repole Stable and St. Elias Stables LLC, which purchased the son of Constitution for $600,000 as a yearling at the Keeneland September sale from breeder Larry Johnson, Mindframe was the second-choice against seven others in the Jockey Club Gold Cup-G1 at Saratoga in August but was eliminated at the start when slammed from the outside, losing rider Irad Ortiz. He would not run again until the Breeders’ Cup Classic-G1 at Del Mar in November and, after battling on the front end into the far turn, he weakened late to finish fifth. Now at stud at Claiborne Farm in Paris, Ky., he retired with a career record of 9-5-2-0 while earning $2,054,580.

Other divisional champions:

Champion 2-Year-Old Male: Romeo

Dk.b./br.c., 2023, Honor A. P.–Fancy Love, by Not For Love. Bred by John C. Davison. Owned by Joseph Lloyd. Trained by John J. Robb. Foaled at Glade Valley Farm, Frederick.

Champion 2-Year-Old Filly: Dazzling Dame

B.f., 2023, Girvin–Awesome Dama, by Corinthian. Bred by Maria M. Haire. Owned by Respect the Valleys LLC. Trained by Brittany T. Russell. Foaled at Northview Stallion Station, Chesapeake City.

Champion 3-Year-Old Male: Barbadian Runner

Dk.b./br.g., 2022, Barbados–Quiet Run, by Northern Afleet. Bred by Shamrock Farm. Owned by AJ Will Win Stables LLC. Trained by Henry Walters. Foaled at Shamrock Farm, Woodbine.

Champion 3-Year-Old Filly: Onyx Ten

B.f., 2022, Street Magician–Chattolanee, by Rock Hard Ten. Bred and owned by Frank T. Sample. Trained by Gary Capuano. Foaled at Dance Forth @ Roland Farm, Warwick.

Champion Older Female, Sprinter: Splendora

Dk.b./br.m., 2021, Audible–Miss Freeze, by Frost Giant. Bred by The Elkstone Group LLC. Owned by By Talla Racing LLC. Trained by Bob Baffert. Foaled at C-Dog Farm, Chesapeake City.

Champion Turf Runner: Future Is Now

B.m., 2020, Great Notion–Past as Prelude, by Bernardini. Bred by R. Larry Johnson. Owned by the Estate of R. Larry Johnson. Trained by Mike Trombetta. Foaled at Dance Forth @ Roland Farm, Warwick.

Champion Steeplechaser: Keys Discount

Dk.b./br.g., 2019, Medal Count–Divert­imento, by Rizzi. Bred by Bryan Minnich. Owned by Mrs. John R.S. Fisher. Trained by Jack Fisher. Foaled at Anchor and Hope Farm, Port Deposit.

The awards for Breeder, Broodmare, and Stallion of the Year are familiar names. For the second year in a row, the late R. Larry Johnson, breeder of Mindframe and additional 2025 champion Future Is Now, is Maryland Breeder of the Year. 

Slow and Steady, the dam of two stakes winners in 2025, and four total for the partnership of ZWP Stable and Non Stop Stable, gets her second award, having previously been so honored in 2022. 

Great Notion, now pensioned at his longtime home at Northview Stallion Station in Chesapeake City, earns his 10th consecutive award as Maryland Stallion of the Year.

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