New York
Did N.Y. Leaders Leave Residents Unprepared for the Air Quality Crisis?
New Yorkers have grown accustomed to being inundated with well-intentioned warnings from city and state leaders, for everything from incoming snowstorms to virus outbreaks.
But as the skies darkened dramatically over New York City on Tuesday evening, the air suddenly rich with acrid smoke, Mayor Eric Adams and Gov. Kathy Hochul made no public appearances about the worsening conditions, limiting their communications to news releases and posts on Twitter.
It was not until Wednesday morning, roughly 12 hours after the air quality reached historically unhealthy levels, before Mr. Adams and Ms. Hochul addressed reporters to discuss the health crisis.
Mr. Adams drew almost immediate criticism over his response; Ms. Hochul was mostly spared. They were among the leaders of cities across the Eastern Seaboard who were suddenly left to grapple with a situation they had never dealt with before, as air quality worsened to levels not seen since the worst effects of wildfires in California and Oregon.
In New York City, the air quality index hit 413 on Wednesday, the highest level ever recorded, sending more patients than usual to city hospitals with respiratory problems and prompting Broadway shows and a Yankees game to be canceled.
Mr. Adams and Ms. Hochul, Democrats in a state with an outspoken left-wing of the party, are not strangers to crises, from the pandemic to heightened crime and the influx of tens of thousands of migrants from the southern border.
But some health experts and elected officials in New York City suggested that Mr. Adams and Ms. Hochul should have moved more quickly to alert residents to the hazards posed by the smoke, to distribute high quality masks and to urge more people to work from home.
Wildfire smoke at high levels can cause symptoms like stinging eyes or coughing for people without underlying conditions.
But for those who are most vulnerable, especially those with respiratory issues like asthma, even brief exposures can have more serious and immediate ramifications, as toxins in the smoke can trigger inflammation and worsen existing health problems.
Rebecca Bratspies, the director of the Center for Urban Environmental Reform at the City University of New York School of Law, said that masks were distributed too late, after the worst air quality conditions had passed.
She said that she had been watching reports about the wildfires in Canada since last weekend and the city should have been better prepared.
“When the mayor says there’s no game plan for this — of course there is,” said Ms. Bratspies, who serves on the city’s Environmental Justice Advisory Board.
Mr. Adams strenuously defended the city’s response and said that officials were doing their best to respond to a new and unpredictable threat.
“What we should really try to prevent doing is to give any indication that this administration did not proactively respond and did not move in the right direction to let New Yorkers know,” Mr. Adams told reporters on Wednesday morning.
By Thursday, the mayor’s tone became more strident. He asked reporters if he should also be prepared if a “meteor fell to the planet Earth.” (The White House does have a plan for a meteor strike.)
“So if you want to play — ‘Why didn’t you know every problem that this is going to create?’ — that’s up to you,” the mayor said. “I know how well this team responded.”
Mr. Adams, who is known for keeping a relentless schedule of public appearances, sought to show his hands-on approach by visiting a public housing building on Wednesday night to distribute masks.
But the city’s commissioner for emergency management, Zach Iscol, acknowledged on Wednesday that the city did not have an “off-the-shelf plan” for a smoke emergency, even though it has other plans for unlikely events like a nuclear attack.
“That’s something that we are now developing,” he told reporters.
Dr. Jay Varma, director of the Cornell Center for Pandemic Prevention and Response and a health adviser under former Mayor Bill de Blasio, said that the health crisis showed the need for the state and city to create early warning systems to alert residents about the risks of wildfire smoke in advance, like they do with coastal storms, and to consider solutions to improve air quality when it is poor, such as limiting car traffic as other cities do, including Beijing and Mexico City.
The state’s Department of Environmental Conservation first posted an advisory warning about elevated levels of fine particulate matter in certain parts of the state on June 1.
On Tuesday afternoon, the governor’s office issued a news release announcing that the wildfires were creating hazy conditions in New York City and elsewhere, urging residents to limit exposure and saying state experts were monitoring the situation.
On Wednesday morning, as many New Yorkers woke up to a thick blanket of haze, the governor spoke to reporters in Albany about the situation, saying it was “an emergency crisis” and warning it could last several days.
Asked about the wisdom of declaring a state of emergency, Ms. Hochul said that it was unnecessary.
“A state of emergency is a mechanism you use when there’s something you can do about it,” she said. “We don’t have a lot we can do about the circumstances for contaminated toxic air coming into our airspace, so there’s not a need for deploying resources or bringing money to the table.”
On Wednesday evening, Ms. Hochul held an impromptu briefing in Albany to provide further updates and announced that the state would make one million Covid masks available from its stockpile. The masks, she said, would be distributed in subway stations, state parks, at state facilities and directly to local governments.
Dr. Varma said that he was glad that Ms, Hochul was distributing masks, but that some New Yorkers needed them more urgently than others.
“I would like to have seen that the priority was going to areas with higher rates of asthma, which basically overlap with racial and economic disparities,” he said.
On Thursday, as scrutiny of Mr. Adams’s response mounted, Ms. Hochul sought to fend off any criticism of the state’s actions by noting state officials began sending advisories as early as last week.
She said there was no way of knowing that the air quality would deteriorate so precipitously.
“Six days ago, we started giving out our announcements to be prepared,” the governor said during another briefing in Albany. “We were monitoring.”
The explanations from the governor and Mr. Adams did little to allay criticism, especially of the mayor. Lincoln Restler, a City Council member from Brooklyn, complained on Wednesday afternoon that the city had “not taken a single proactive step to protect New Yorkers,” other than suspending outdoor activities at schools.
Brad Lander, the city comptroller and a frequent critic of the mayor, said in an interview that the city should have been prepared with a plan to respond because California had experienced similar events for years.
“We just came through a crisis that was all about masks, ventilation and air quality,” he said in reference to the pandemic. “We were too slow to deploy them at a moment when they’re urgently needed.”
And Melissa DeRosa, who was a top aide to former Gov. Andrew M. Cuomo, blamed both federal and state leaders for not communicating quickly enough with New Yorkers.
“Would be nice if there was a steady stream of information from the federal and state governments telling people what is going on,” she wrote on Twitter.
Dana Rubinstein contributed reporting.
New York
New Yorkers Have Little Data but Big Feelings About Congestion Pricing
It’s too soon to know whether New York City’s new congestion pricing plan has succeeded in reducing traffic in Manhattan. And it will be a while before we know if the new fees will raise the billions of dollars proponents have promised. But even before the hard data arrives, New Yorkers (and those who commute to New York) have had lot to say.
Some public transit commuters report buses miraculously arriving on time or (gasp) early. Drivers are either steaming mad — or agog at traffic-free bridges. Many pedestrians say they are suddenly less anxious about crossing the street. And some former congestion pricing haters are startled to find themselves reconsidering.
The first-in-the-nation plan took effect this week after years of contentious debate. Most drivers now pay $9 to enter Manhattan below 60th Street. Money collected from the toll is supposed to be used to improve public transportation.
Congestion pricing arrived at the same time as a stretch of brutally cold weather in New York, so it’s still unclear what has been keeping people out of their cars and off the streets.
But Ilena Robbins, 37, believes congestion pricing has already been transformative.
It is not hyperbole to say that crossing Canal Street, a notoriously clogged east-west thoroughfare with four — and in some places six — lanes, used to make her fear for her life.
Ms. Robbins, who grew up in Manhattan but now lives in Queens, compared navigating the intersection where she works, at Canal and Lafayette Streets, to a game of Frogger — at least in the old days.
“It would stress me out just getting lunch,” she said. Thursday was her first day there post-congestion pricing. “I couldn’t believe it,” she said. “I was able to cross safely, and cars weren’t honking. It was like a whole other world.”
Asad Dandia owns and operates a walking tour company, New York Narratives, and conducted his first post-congestion pricing walking tour at noon on Thursday, leading 20 students through Lower Manhattan.
“It was much easier to cross the street,” said Mr. Dandia, a 32-year-old native of Brighton Beach, Brooklyn. “Definitely quieter. Definitely calmer.”
Mr. Dandia, who also teaches a New York City history course at CUNY Guttman Community College, added that he saw great potential in congestion pricing. “I think it could lead to a renaissance — a street renaissance.”
Even people who don’t study the streets for a living were swept up in the excitement.
Annie Kaur usually posts videos about fashion on her TikTok account. But from her apartment on the 32nd floor of a building that overlooks Third Avenue, Ms. Kaur, a 27-year-old management consultant, noticed how few cars were on the road during rush hour on Tuesday.
At 5:04 p.m., she filmed a video from her window and posted the clip with the caption, “There’s usually so much traffic during this time of the day!”
By Friday, the video had over three million views — more than any of her other posts.
“It definitely did surprise me,” she said. “This is not my usual content.”
There were also over 3,000 comments, some cranky: “If u have this view u can afford the tolls,” one viewer wrote.
Ms. Kaur said congestion pricing doesn’t really affect her much, except if she takes a cab or Uber at night, when that feels safer than riding the subway.
But her perch gives her an interesting perspective. “I’ve seen a lot of traffic,” she said. “I’ve seen gridlock — just, crazy, stopped.”
On the day that she filmed, she said, the traffic seemed about 25 percent lighter. But, she hedged: “It could just be because it was after the holidays. And it was less than 20 degrees. It was freezing, you know?”
Regardless, down on the streets, some people were ecstatic.
Ramit Sethi, an author and entrepreneur, posted in all caps on social media that his ride on Thursday was “the fastest trip I’ve ever taken to the airport from NYC!!! Thank you congestion pricing!!!”
In an email, Mr. Sethi, 42, reported that his Lyft driver got him from downtown Manhattan to Newark Liberty International Airport in just 23 minutes. “No honking, zero congestion around the Holland Tunnel, no need to leave an extra half-hour early to account for traffic,” he said.
And some drivers admitted they have been forced to change their tune.
On Tuesday, a social media user named Ali Lyles posted a video on TikTok in which he compared being charged a toll as he crossed a bridge to “being robbed without a gun.”
Just a short time later, he posted another video, acknowledging that he had saved half an hour from his commute. “There wasn’t no traffic, bruh,” he said. “I might actually like congestion pricing!”
Marc Jacoby, 64, had a similar experience. He drives from the West Village to the Bronx or Westchester four to five times a week to teach music to people with special needs. He drives instead of taking public transportation because, he said, he carries so much equipment: “Guitars. Puppets. Percussion instruments. Flutes. Whistles. Sometimes toys.”
Before now, Mr. Jacoby had only negative impressions of congestion pricing.
“If someone asked me, two weeks ago, I would say this is going to be a disaster,” he said. “But I was wrong about that. And I’m happy to admit that I was wrong.”
At 42nd Street and the West Side Highway on Thursday at 1 p.m., the consistently clogged streets near the Intrepid Museum and Circle Line Cruises were clear. Mr. Jacoby described the scene as “actually unbelievable.”
There are discounts for low-income vehicle owners, but Mr. Jacoby believes the fee should be set on a sliding scale.
“When Big Brother scans your license plate, they should tie it to your state tax return,” he said. A driver making a half-million dollars a year, he suggested, should pay $50. “And when they see me, maybe I should pay $5 or $9.”
Some people don’t want to pay at all.
On Wednesday, Scott LoBaido, a Staten Island-based artist and activist, posted a video to social media showing himself using duct tape to cover up his license plate and suggesting others do the same, as a way to avoid the toll.
Later in the day, Mr. LoBaido, whose work includes paintings of Donald Trump hugging the Empire State Building in front of an American flag, was arrested after he staged a one-man protest near Columbus Circle.
Still, there was so much congestion pricing buzz — positive, negative or neutral — that even brands and people in other cities were chiming in.
Shake Shack announced a temporary “Congestion Pricing Combo” starting Jan. 13: a burger and fries for $9 — “toll not included.”
And Lauren Walker, a resident of Washington, D.C., wondered if cities should go even further: “My opinion on congestion pricing,” she joked on the social media site Bluesky, “is that it should cost 10,000 dollars to honk your car horn.”
New York
Large Blaze Ravages Bronx Apartment Building, Leaving Many Displaced
Dozens of families were looking for shelter after a large fire broke out at an apartment building in the Bronx early Friday, injuring at least seven people, the Fire Department said. There were no fatalities or life-threatening injuries, according to officials.
About 250 firefighters and emergency medical responders rushed to a six-story residential building on Wallace Avenue near Arnow Avenue after a fire was reported there just before 2 a.m., the Fire Department said. The blaze on the top floor was elevated to a five-alarm fire about an hour later, it said.
Several dozen firefighters were still gathered outside the building at around 10 a.m. Many windows on the top floor were blown out and some had shards of glass hanging in place that resembled jagged teeth. Smoke continued to climb from the building as a firefighter on a ladder hosed the roof.
The fire was brought under control shortly before 2 p.m., according to fire officials.
The seven people who were injured included five firefighters, the department said in an email. One person was treated at the scene but declined to be taken to a hospital.
A spokeswoman for the Police Department said earlier that some people had suffered smoke inhalation injuries.
Robert S. Tucker, the fire commissioner, said during a news conference that it was a miracle that there had been no serious injuries or fatalities. Officials said that all of the apartments on the building’s top floor were destroyed.
Firefighters blasted water at the smoke and flames pouring out of the upper floors and roof, according to videos posted online by the Fire Department and television news outlets. Heavy winds had fueled the blaze, the department said.
The cause of the fire was under investigation, officials said.
The Red Cross was at the scene helping residents that were displaced by the fire, and a temporary shelter had been set up at the Bennington School on Adee Avenue nearby. Doreen Thomann-Howe, the chief executive of the American Red Cross Greater New York Region, said during the news conference that 66 families had already registered to receive assistance, including lodging. She said she expected that number to increase.
Juan Cabrera and his family were among those seeking help at the Bennington School. Mr. Cabrera said that he and his family had not heard a fire alarm but had instead heard glass breaking as residents climbed out of windows. He said he had also heard people race across the hall one flight above him while others screamed “Get out!”
Mr. Cabrera, 47, said he had smelled smoke and woke up his daughter, Rose, 13. He and his wife, Aurora Tavera, grabbed their IDs, passports and cellphones, and the family left the building.
“I felt desperate,” Ms. Taverna, 32, said.
“Thank God we are still alive,” said Mr. Cabrera, who works as a school aide and custodian and has lived in the building for five years. “The material stuff you can get back, but we have our family,” he said.
Louis Montalvo, 55, was also among those seeking help. He said firefighters banged on his door at around 3 a.m. and that he had smelled smoke.
“I am grateful to be around,” Mr. Montalvo said, as he stood outside of the temporary shelter. He was still wearing his felt pajama pants, which had snowmen printed on them.
Vanessa L. Gibson, the Bronx borough president, said she was “so grateful” there had been no fatalities from the fire.
The last major apartment fire in the Bronx occurred in 2022, and resulted in 17 deaths, which experts said were entirely preventable. Self-closing doors in the building did not work properly, allowing smoke to escape the apartment where the fire started and rapidly fill the structure’s 19 stories.
New York
New York’s Chinese Dissidents Thought He Was an Ally. He Was a Spy.
The Chinese government’s paranoia about overseas dissidents can seem strange, considering the enormous differences in power between exiled protesters who organize marches in America and their mighty homeland, a geopolitical and economic superpower whose citizens they have almost no ability to mobilize. But to those familiar with the Chinese Communist Party, the government’s obsession with dissidents, no matter where in the world they are, is unsurprising. “Regardless of how the overseas dissident community is dismissed outside of China, its very existence represents a symbol of hope for many within China,” Wang Dan, a leader of the Tiananmen Square protests who spent years in prison before being exiled to the United States in 1998, told me. “For the Chinese Communist Party, the hope for change among the people is itself a threat. Therefore, they spare no effort in suppressing and discrediting the overseas dissident community — to extinguish this hope in the hearts of people at home.”
To understand the party’s fears about the risks posed by dissidents abroad, it helps to know the history of revolutions in China. “Historically, the groups that have overthrown the incumbent government or regime in China have often spent a lot of time overseas and organized there,” says Jessica Chen Weiss, a professor of China studies at Johns Hopkins University. The leader Sun Yat-sen, who played an important role in the 1911 revolution that dethroned the Qing dynasty and led eventually to the establishment of the People’s Republic of China, spent several periods of his life abroad, during which he engaged in effective fund-raising and political coordination. The Communist Party’s own rise to power in 1949 was partly advanced by contributions from leaders who were living overseas. “They are very sensitive to that potential,” Weiss says.
“What the Chinese government and the circle of elites that are running China right now fear the most is not the United States, with all of its military power, but elements of unrest within their own society that could potentially topple the Chinese Communist Party,” says Adam Kozy, a cybersecurity consultant who worked on Chinese cyberespionage cases when he was at the F.B.I. Specifically, Chinese authorities worry about a list of threats — collectively referred to as the “five poisons” — that pose a risk to the stability of Communist rule: the Uyghurs, the Tibetans, followers of the Falun Gong movement, supporters of Taiwanese independence and those who advocate for democracy in China. As a result, the Chinese government invests great effort in combating these threats, which involves collecting intelligence about overseas dissident groups and dampening their influence both within China and on the international stage.
Controlling dissidents, regardless of where they are, is essential to China’s goal of projecting power to its own citizens and to the world, according to Charles Kable, who served as an assistant director in the F.B.I.’s national security branch before retiring from the bureau at the end of 2022. “If you have a dissident out there who is looking back at China and pointing out problems that make the entire Chinese political apparatus look bad, it will not stand,” Kable says.
The leadership’s worries about such individuals were evident to the F.B.I. right before the 2008 Beijing Olympics, Kable told me, describing how the Chinese worked to ensure that the running of the Olympic flame through San Francisco would not be disrupted by protesters. “And so, you had the M.S.S. and its collaborators deployed in San Francisco just to make sure that the five poisons didn’t get in there and disrupt the optic of what was to be the best Olympics in history,” Kable says. During the run, whose route was changed at the last minute to avoid protesters, Chinese authorities “had their proxies in the community line the streets and also stand back from the streets, looking around to see who might be looking to cause trouble.”
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