New Jersey
Anxiety over squatters, fueled by TikTok, inspires a wave of legislation • New Jersey Monitor
Across various news channels and outlets, a visceral fear of some property owners — that an unwanted guest could move into their vacant home, refuse to leave, and then claim ownership — has been a trending story.
These squatter horror stories have reached a fever pitch in the past month after a migrant TikTok influencer, Venezuelan national Leonel Moreno, encouraged people to squat in homes across the United States. Moreno was arrested in Ohio in late March by federal Immigration and Customs Enforcement officers.
So far, lawmakers in at least 10 states have floated legislation this year that would address squatting by revoking tenancy rights, making it easier for police to remove squatters or making squatting a criminal offense. Several have quickly enacted new laws.
The bills, typically sponsored by Republicans but often garnering bipartisan support, come at a time of heightened housing anxiety: The shortage of housing is worse than ever, with affordability at a new low. Meanwhile, migrant encounters at the U.S.-Mexico border reached a new monthly high in December, and nearly 80% of Americans think that situation is either a “major problem” or a “crisis.”
Oklahoma state Rep. Ross Ford, whose legislation advanced days after Moreno posted his TikTok video, said he began thinking about the issue several years ago after hearing of incidences in rural areas of the state.
But Ford, a Republican, also told Stateline the recent wave of bills across the country is likely in response to Moreno’s video.
“For me, I heard complaints about squatting from property owners … accounts of individuals scouring newspapers for death notices in search of a place to occupy,” said Ford. “But when that came out, I think it really blew this whole issue up for lawmakers in other states.”
For the most part, squatting — when someone moves into a vacant building or onto uninhabited land — is considered a civil matter, so police officers aren’t empowered to remove someone at an owner’s request. Homeowners can file eviction notices through the courts to remove an unwanted squatter, a process that can take weeks or months.
So far, Florida and West Virginia have enacted laws that classify squatting as a criminal act. Florida’s law creates a process for sheriffs to remove squatters. Georgia Republican Gov. Brian Kemp this week signed a similar bill into law.
Several other states — including Alabama, New Jersey, Ohio, Pennsylvania and South Carolina — have pending legislation. The anti-squatter fervor also has spread to Capitol Hill, where a U.S. House bill would make squatting a deportable offense.
Proponents of these bills have singled out migrants and immigrants in the country without authorization as squatters, frequently referring to Moreno’s video but otherwise presenting scant data to show that it is a widespread problem.
“After video evidence of their plan to take over homes emerged, we’re ensuring Floridians are protected from this egregious and brazen scheme,” said Florida Republican Attorney General Ashley Moody in a news release when that state’s bill became law. She criticized President Joe Biden’s border policy in the same release.
In Oklahoma, Ford’s bill would allow county sheriffs to immediately remove an alleged squatter from private property.
“When this happens in Oklahoma, the process to get an unwanted person off your property gets bogged down in civil courts for evictions and it may be months to get that person out of your house,” said Ford. “I’m hoping we can make this process of removal quicker and cheaper for the landowner.”
The Oklahoma House approved the bill earlier this month; it is now being considered in the Senate.
‘Manufactured crisis’?
But Eric Dunn, director of litigation at the National Housing Law Project, which advocates for tenants’ rights, called the anti-squatting bills a “manufactured crisis” that exhibits the power of the landlord lobby in U.S. statehouses.
“This TikTok video gave some landlords cause to say, ‘We have a squatting crisis,’ without any data or evidence, or cause for there to be legislation to address a matter that’s already handled by an eviction court,” Dunn said. “It’s indicative of how well organized and connected landlords are in political circles, and how effective they are in getting lawmakers to act on their behalf.”
Kris, a transgender woman from Florida, said in an interview with Stateline that her parents kicked her out of their home in 2022. She found a community of squatters online and has been on the road ever since. Recent news coverage has been reckless and could embolden a property owner to hurt someone, said Kris, who asked that her last name not be used out of concern for her safety.
Traveling through states — including Tennessee and Texas — on her way to the Southwest, Kris said she usually holes up in vacant buildings, never a home that appears occupied, for up to three months at a time. She doesn’t feel like she’s a threat.
“I’m reading stuff on some sites saying the homeowners need to protect their homes and that squatters are just violent vagrants that need to be dealt with,” she said. “It creates a dangerous environment, where a majority of us who are only trying to find shelter in abandoned buildings are now enemies of paranoid homeowners.”
In most states, Republicans are leading the charge on anti-squatting legislation, but in at least one state, New York, Democrats are at the forefront.
New York Democratic state Sen. Jessica Scarcella-Spanton, who represents Staten Island and southern Brooklyn, acknowledged there is little data to support claims that squatting is on the rise, or even that it happens that often.
But Scarcella-Spanton told Stateline that “once is enough” and that there needs to be a quicker way to remove squatters.
Her proposal, which made it into the state’s 2025 budget signed by Democratic Gov. Kathy Hochul, spells out clearly that squatters don’t have tenants’ legal rights related to evictions. Proponents say that will make it easier for police to remove squatters from properties.
“Some people will make the argument that this is a very rare occurrence. But I think if it happens once or twice, it’s unacceptable,” Scarcella-Spanton said. “It’s always good to have data when we’re trying to push legislation, but most importantly, I think that just seeing the cases that we’ve seen over the last couple of months in the news is reason enough to move forward with legislation.”
Some landlords and property owners in blue states are hoping their lawmakers join the anti-squatting movement.
In California, Cynthia Chidester’s run-in with a squatter at her 95-year-old mother’s home led to a prolonged legal battle that required a domestic violence order to get the squatter evicted in April.
In an interview, Chidester said she wants lawmakers to take the issue more seriously, including passing laws to expedite the eviction process for squatters or unwelcome guests.
Alexandra Alvarado, director of education and marketing at the American Apartment Owners Association, an industry group, told Stateline that squatting has been a “nightmare situation” for landlords and property owners since the pandemic, when many offices emptied and vacation rentals sat vacant.
The removal process needs to be “more efficient,” with housing courts backlogged since the pandemic, she said.
“In our industry, squatting has always been an issue. I think what’s changed is the media’s attention to it,” said Alvarado. “We think there’s been a rise in squatting. It’s difficult to show because we don’t have the numbers, and a lot of these cases aren’t handled much differently than a standard eviction case.”
Eviction protections
But Dunn, of the National Housing Law Project, worries the recent bills could lead to a rollback of eviction protections. Landlords spanning 10 states and 34 cities filed nearly 1.1 million eviction cases in 2023, a year-to-year increase of more than 100,000, and 500,000 more than in 2021, according to Eviction Lab, a Princeton University research group that tracks evictions.
It’s a way for legislators to say, ‘Look, I’m doing something to protect your property,’ instead of any substantive housing policy.
– Marc Roark, University of Tulsa law professor
According to Eviction Lab, a Princeton University research group tracking nationwide eviction data, landlords spanning 10 states and 34 cities filed nearly 1.1 million eviction cases in 2023, a year-to-year increase of more than 100,000, and 500,000 more than in 2021.
“It’s not like tenants have great protections in a majority of states as it is,” Dunn said. “It behooves tenants to pay attention to state and local governments when bills like these are proposed, and push back, or they’ll see their rights eroded by a thousand cuts.”
Marc Roark, a law professor at the University of Tulsa who studies squatters and homelessness, described the anti-squatter bills as “low-hanging fruit for political points. It’s a way for legislators to say, ‘Look, I’m doing something to protect your property,’ instead of any substantive housing policy.”
Roark and other housing experts have found that squatters rarely gain ownership of a property. In most states, the period of occupancy required to claim ownership ranges from five to 20 years.
However, Amy Starecheski, a cultural anthropologist at Columbia University who has documented the stories of squatters in New York City, noted that some who take shelter in derelict and abandoned buildings eventually do end up owning them.
“So many people are in need of basic shelter and there are people who are squatting intentionally to challenge private property as a legal and cultural institution,” Starecheski said.
“This might be a moment when people freaking out about squatting are actually freaking out about access to housing, and who gets to own a home and who doesn’t get to own a home.”
Stateline is part of States Newsroom, a nonprofit news network supported by grants and a coalition of donors as a 501c(3) public charity. Stateline maintains editorial independence. Contact Editor Scott S. Greenberger for questions: [email protected]. Follow Stateline on Facebook and Twitter.
New Jersey
Exclusive | NJ’s suburbs are in a full-blown bidding war frenzy — with houses going 33% above asking
New Jersey’s suburban gold rush has no ceiling in sight, and buyers are paying whatever it takes.
Forty-two Euclid Ave in Maplewood hit the market at $1,795,000. It sold for $2,279,000, a staggering 27% above ask. Down the road in South Orange, 376 Melrose Pl listed for $998,999 and closed at $1,332,200, a 33% premium.
These aren’t outliers. They’re the new normal across a stretch of Essex and Union County suburbs where inventory has all but evaporated and buyers are throwing caution, and hundreds of thousands of dollars, to the wind.
Maplewood, South Orange and Montclair are leading the charge, with homes across the region averaging double digit percentages over asking price and spending under two weeks on the market before going under contract.
The numbers, according to weekly market data compiled by Mark Slade of Keller Williams Midtown Direct Realty, tell the story clearly.
Maplewood’s average sale price sits at $1.34 million as of late June, with buyers paying 15.6% over ask. South Orange isn’t far behind at 16.2% over asking with an average sale price topping $1.27 million. Montclair, meanwhile, is running the hottest of the bunch, with buyers paying nearly 25% over list.
Slade, who has tracked these markets since becoming a realtor in 2009, says the upward march has been remarkably steady.
“I don’t think I’ve ever seen a down-trending year in Maplewood, South Orange or Montclair,” he told The Post, adding that the last several years in particular have brought “dramatic changes in the performance of the market.”
The pandemic supercharged an existing trend, according to Slade, who traces the appeal of these towns back to 1997, two years after Midtown Direct train service began running straight into Penn Station without a transfer in Hoboken.
“That’s when we started to see some movement, some significant movement and attraction to the area,” he said.
Slade has a name for what’s happening now. He calls it “value convergence equilibrium” — a theory built on the idea that Northern New Jersey buyers are catching up to what Westchester and Long Island commuters have paid for decades.
“What we now see is that more and more people as buyers, are recognizing that with their economics, they can afford more house for less money in Northern New Jersey,” he said.
The buyers driving this frenzy aren’t only fleeing Manhattan. Slade says most are also coming from Brooklyn, Hoboken and Queens, current apartment dwellers looking to trade up.
“Northern New Jersey offers some of the best values as much as it may seem crazy for someone like me watching these prices grow by leaps and bounds,” he said. “It’s still a better value if you’re looking for a 45 minute and under commute to the city.”
Basic economics explains the rest. Supply simply hasn’t kept pace. Slade points to Maplewood specifically, a town of 25,000 residents with more than 5,500 single family homes, yet only a couple dozen actively listed at any given time.
“I mean, that’s just ridiculous,” he said. He tracks a metric he calls a “hypermarket,” where the number of homes under contract nearly doubles the number of active listings, a ratio he considers more telling than the traditional six month absorption rate used across the industry.
The demand has changed the character of these towns, longtime residents complain.
Slade says he’s heard grumbling that the small town feel is being “supplanted by more New York, impatient, higher end buyers.”
He offered an only half joking anecdote about downtown Maplewood’s diagonal parking spots, where illegal U-turns into spaces happen constantly despite signage every 30 feet.
“I think that today’s buyers are much more affluent,” he said. “They’re even more time pressed, so to speak, which is why they’re choosing these areas to live for the more manageable commutes.”
Township meetings haven’t been immune to the anxiety. After a record breaking sale in Maplewood’s Hilton neighborhood last year, Slade recalls committee members raising concerns at the next public meeting about what runaway prices mean for longtime residents. Still, he sees the appreciation as a feature, not a bug, of homeownership.
“This is real estate,” he said. “This is what real estate is all about.”
Momentum tends to soften slightly as the year goes on, Slade says, a seasonal pattern he attributes half jokingly to what he calls “bonus baby syndrome,” when buyers flush with year end bonuses resolve to finally buy a house “so we don’t have to trip over the stroller.”
When buyers get priced out of one town, they simply move to the next rung down.
Montclair shoppers frustrated by bidding wars often land in Maplewood. Maplewood buyers priced out end up in West Orange, where the year to date average sits at $763,000 with a 10.7% premium over ask, or Union, averaging around $600,000.
Bidding wars, meanwhile, have become simply expected.
“Bidding wars are very much part of the current market scenario, given the limited number of homes for sale and the fact that the amount of buyers far outweighs the supply,” Slade said.
“Buyer’s should generally expect some type of bidding war.”
He uses an ice cream metaphor to describe buyer psychology, borrowed from a Cold Stone Creamery portion chart.
“There are three sizes of ice cream at Cold Stone Creamary, Like It, Love it and Gotta Have It!,” he said. “So, if a buyer is in the Gotta Have It mode, their offer could likely blow everyone else away.”
Homes that have recently traded well above ask include 8 Colony Dr in West Orange, which sold for $1,178,000 against an $865,000 list, a 36% jump, and 35 Porter Pl in Montclair, which closed at $1,525,000 on a $1,395,000 ask, pricing out at 30% higher per square foot than the town average.
Whether this run has a natural endpoint is another matter. Slade doesn’t see one coming, short of the state “building a wall around Manhattan.”
New Jersey remains the most densely populated state in the country, meaning new construction is largely limited to developers subdividing larger lots rather than building fresh inventory from scratch.
Relief in the form of significantly lower mortgage rates also seems unlikely anytime soon, Slade says, leaving buyers to keep competing for a shrinking pool of homes in towns that offer what he still considers, even amid the chaos, the better deal.
New Jersey
New Jersey’s $60.7 billion budget signed into law by Gov. Mikie Sherrill • The Jersey Vindicator
Sherrill touts smaller structural deficit, record school funding, and expanded tax credits. Critics question last-minute budget negotiations, Stay NJ changes, and state’s long-term fiscal outlook
Gov. Mikie Sherrill on Tuesday signed New Jersey’s $60.7 billion fiscal year 2027 budget into law, calling it an affordability-focused spending plan that delivers record property tax relief, historic investments in education, a sixth consecutive full pension payment and new investments in children, housing and transportation while avoiding tax increases on individual residents.
The budget, approved by the Legislature just before the constitutional June 30 deadline, includes more than $4.1 billion in property tax relief, expands the state’s Child Tax Credit by 25%, fully funds the state’s pension system with a $7.3 billion payment, and maintains a surplus of just over $6 billion. The administration said it also cuts New Jersey’s structural deficit to $1.35 billion, less than half the more than $3 billion deficit projected when Sherrill took office in January.
In a signing statement accompanying the bill, Sherrill said the budget reflects months of negotiations with legislative leaders.
“After many months of negotiations, we have crafted a fiscally disciplined budget that provides record-breaking levels of property tax relief, protects our children’s futures through record education funding, delivers a full pension payment, improves accountability, and supports significant investments in the economy, workforce development, and public health and safety,” Sherrill wrote.
She also used her line-item veto authority to make what she described as technical changes.
“I am making minor changes to the bill before me to ensure consistency with legislative intent concerning the State’s spending plan for Fiscal Year 2027 and to avoid falling out of compliance with federal laws that prevent the State from increasing the value of the State Directed Medicaid Payment Program,” she wrote.
Sherrill frames budget around affordability
Sherrill said the budget fulfills her campaign promise to make affordability the central focus of state government.
“When I took office, I promised New Jersey families that affordability would be the north star of every decision we made. With the passage of our first budget, we are delivering on that promise,” Sherrill said in a statement. “It is an affordability budget that takes on the rising costs of housing, health care, and property taxes while standing up to Trump’s chaos and cuts.”
“It is the most fiscally responsible budget in years,” she said. “It cuts our structural deficit in half and puts us in a stronger position for the future without raising taxes on individual New Jerseyans. This budget reflects our values, protects our future, and ensures doors to opportunity remain open in New Jersey.”
State Treasurer Aaron Binder said the spending plan maintains fiscal discipline while preserving major state priorities.
“This budget demonstrates a steadfast commitment to fiscal discipline, maintaining a full pension payment, responsible surplus, and support for shared priorities like property tax relief and school funding,” Binder said. He thanked lawmakers, Treasury staff, the Office of Legislative Services, and members of the public “who shared ideas that helped shape the final budget.”
Stay NJ revised
Among the most significant changes is a restructuring of the Stay NJ property tax relief program.
The budget lowers the program’s income cap from $500,000 to $200,000 and creates three benefit tiers. Seniors earning $100,000 or less will remain eligible for the maximum annual benefit of up to $6,500. Those earning between $100,001 and $150,000 can receive up to $5,000, while households earning between $150,001 and $200,000 can receive up to $4,000. Qualifying homeowners will continue receiving property tax relief totaling up to half their property tax bill, subject to those caps.
Overall, the budget includes more than $4.1 billion in property tax relief, including $2.186 billion for ANCHOR, $756 million for Stay NJ, and $345 million for Senior Freeze.
The Child Tax Credit also increases by 25% for tax years 2026 through 2028. Families previously receiving the maximum $1,000 credit will now receive $1,250, while households qualifying for the $800 credit will receive $1,000. The administration estimates that about 217,000 tax filers with children will benefit.
Education, transportation, and housing
The budget provides a record $12.4 billion in K-12 education aid, more than $370 million above last year’s level, along with a record $1.4 billion for preschool education. It also includes $582 million for child care assistance, restores $20 million for Summer Tuition Aid Grants, doubles funding for high-impact tutoring to $15 million, and provides funding for several youth mental health initiatives, including a new Office of Youth Online Mental Health Safety and Awareness and a Social Media Research Center.
The budget provides nearly $1.1 billion in operating support for NJ Transit, including $765.6 million from the Corporate Transit Fee, and about $2.1 billion for transportation capital projects, including highways, bridges, and transit infrastructure.
The budget also increases funding for first-time homebuyer down payment assistance, homelessness programs, veteran housing initiatives, and affordable housing construction, while fully funding NJ FamilyCare with $6.9 billion in state support.
Legislative leaders praise budget
Senate President Nick Scutari said lawmakers “made affordability our top priority by delivering record property tax relief, expanding the Child Tax Credit for working families, and strengthening support for children’s mental health services.”
Assembly Speaker Craig Coughlin said the budget “delivers for New Jersey families” by maintaining a healthy surplus, reducing the structural deficit and preserving Stay NJ “so that homeowners can count on that benefit being there for them.”
Senate Majority Leader M. Teresa Ruiz said the spending plan “lays the foundation for a stronger future rooted in fiscal discipline, expanded opportunity, and the belief that every New Jerseyan can thrive.”
Assembly Budget Chair Eliana Pintor Marin said the budget “reflects what responsible governing looks like,” citing the full pension payment, expanded Child Tax Credit, record education funding and continued investments in nonprofit organizations and children’s mental health.
AARP criticizes Stay NJ changes
AARP New Jersey praised several affordability initiatives but said lawmakers broke a promise by reducing this year’s Stay NJ benefits.
“As older New Jerseyans continue to face rising costs for housing, utilities, health care, property taxes, and other everyday essentials, making our state more affordable remains critically important,” said AARP New Jersey State Director Chris Widelo.
“While the FY27 budget includes several important investments that support older adults, we are disappointed that it falls short of maintaining the full Stay NJ property tax relief benefit that older New Jerseyans were promised for 2026.”
Widelo said the budget imposes “a 25 percent reduction in this year’s Stay NJ benefit across the board, rather than maintaining the maximum benefit for those who need it most.”
“Many older homeowners have already planned their household finances around the expectation of receiving the full benefit,” he said. “Receiving less relief than promised will make it harder for many New Jerseyans living on fixed and moderate incomes to keep up with rising costs.”
The AARP also criticized the budget process itself.
“We are also disappointed by the lack of transparency surrounding the final budget negotiations,” Widelo said. “Initial public reports suggested a different outcome for Stay NJ than what ultimately appeared in the budget language, which was released only shortly before lawmakers voted. Older New Jerseyans deserve a transparent budget process and a clear understanding of changes that directly affect their finances.”
At the same time, Widelo praised lawmakers for preserving ANCHOR and Senior Freeze, maintaining funding for prescription drug assistance through PAAD and Senior Gold, fully funding the pension system, preserving Home and Community-Based Services rather than shifting money to nursing homes, maintaining the $95 minimum SNAP benefit and providing the final year of funding for RetireReady NJ.
“The conversation about Stay NJ is far from over,” Widelo said. “While the budget agreement restores the maximum benefit for eligible homeowners beginning in 2027, older New Jerseyans deserve certainty — not shifting promises that make it difficult to plan their finances.”
Policy group praises reforms but faults process
New Jersey Policy Perspective praised several policy changes while sharply criticizing both the budget process and the state’s long-term fiscal outlook.
“Governor Sherrill’s first budget gets some important things right: reforming Stay NJ, closing corporate loopholes, and expanding the Child Tax Credit,” NJPP President Nicole Rodriguez said. “Each of those required real political will, and that should be acknowledged.”
But Rodriguez said the process behind the budget looks much like the one New Jerseyans have watched for years.
“Agreements reached behind closed doors, spending decisions made with no public input, and a final document lawmakers and residents had little time to review before a vote,” she said. “That falls short of the transparency Governor Sherrill promised.”
Rodriguez also warned that the state has not adequately prepared for potential federal spending reductions.
“Washington is shifting billions of dollars in costs onto states and putting programs families depend on at risk, yet this budget does too little to prepare New Jersey for the fiscal and human toll of those federal cuts,” she said. “That is a missed opportunity to shore up the state’s finances and protect residents before harder budget choices are made.”
Rodriguez also questioned a new health insurance assessment requiring employers to ask workers whether they or family members are enrolled in Medicaid, saying it “raises real privacy concerns and risks enabling discriminatory hiring or employment decisions.”
She noted the budget still leaves “a $1.4 billion structural deficit” and criticized “about $400 million in legislative add-ons” approved “without any public accounting of where that money is going.”
Peter Chen, a senior policy analyst with NJPP, praised lawmakers for restructuring Stay NJ to target benefits toward lower- and moderate-income homeowners.
“These much-needed reforms will prevent the state from sending tax relief to very-high-income households, while focusing the benefit on less wealthy seniors,” Chen said. “By adopting measures that focus aid on low- and moderate-income seniors, the bill creates a more progressive structure, directing more money to those who need it most.”
But Chen said the program continues to overlook renters.
“Senior renters are more likely to be housing insecure due to rent increases and eviction, and are also more likely to be low-income and Black or Hispanic/Latinx,” he said. “Given the state’s rising rents and housing costs, the program’s renter gap is a real problem.”
Chen also questioned the program’s long-term sustainability, noting that even after the reforms, Stay NJ is expected to cost more than $740 million annually, while the state continues to face a structural deficit.
Krystal Knapp is the founder of The Jersey Vindicator and the hyperlocal news website Planet Princeton. Previously she was a reporter at The Trenton Times for a decade.
New Jersey
News Flash • New Jersey Legislative Senate Democrats, NJ
TRENTON – Today, Governor Mikie Sherrill signed three bills aimed at strengthening public safety, privacy, and trust across New Jersey’s diverse communities. The bills outline clear standards to increase transparency and accountability for law enforcement during operations, protect personal privacy, and ensure that all residents can access vital public and health care services without fear of deportation.
The “Law Enforcement Officer Protection Act,” or S-3114, sponsored by Senators Benjie E. Wimberly, Troy Singleton, and Nick Scutari, requires law enforcement officers, including federal agents, to reveal their facial identities when conducting official duties. The bill also requires officers to provide sufficient identification prior to arresting or detaining an individual, such as department-issued photo identification, a uniform bearing agency insignia, or a badge. The bill allows exceptions for officers to wear facial coverings, including during undercover assignments, use as protection against chemical agents, medical exemptions, or shielding during severe weather.
“The trust local police have worked hard to build in our towns and cities is being undermined by unidentifiable ICE agents who seek to intimidate our neighborhoods while avoiding accountability,” said Senator Wimberly (D-Passaic/Bergen). “Banning the use of masks, with limited exceptions, will help us protect the civil rights of all residents and will send a clear message that anonymous and unchecked immigration enforcement will not be tolerated in New Jersey.”
“When law enforcement hides behind masks and operates without visible identification, it erodes trust, sows fear, and encourages dangerous and irresponsible behavior from civil servants who should be held to the highest standard,” said Senator Singleton (D-Burlington). “Requiring all law enforcement to provide facial and material identification during their operations is a reasonable measure that is in the best interest of public safety and accountability for our communities and all levels of law enforcement.”
“In New Jersey, we respect the professionalism of our law enforcement agencies and the standards of accountability they follow. Federal immigration officers should adhere to the same standards. This is vital in maintaining the public’s trust in the rule of law and their confidence that our laws are being enforced fairly and humanely. Protecting the rights of all of our residents will serve the best interests of law enforcement and help to keep our communities safe for everyone,” said Senate President Scutari (D-Union/Somerset).
The “Privacy Protection Act,” or S-3522, sponsored by Senators M. Teresa Ruiz, Andrew Zwicker, and John McKeon, limits the collection and sharing of data by government and health care entities to ensure all New Jersey residents are not discouraged from seeking necessary services. The act prohibits government entities and health care facilities from requesting or collecting certain personal identifying information related to a person’s immigration status, place of birth, social security number, and individual taxpayer identification number unless it is strictly necessary to assess eligibility for, or to administer, a requested public service, benefit, or program. When collected, this information would remain confidential and not subject to public disclosure, with some exceptions.
“Across the country, the hostile climate this administration has created for immigrants and their families is making individuals hesitant to access essential services, regardless of their legal status,” said Senate Majority Leader Ruiz (D-Essex/Hudson). “No one should be afraid to seek health care or public services because of the personal information they are asked to provide. The ‘Privacy Protection Act’ limits the collection of private information when it is unnecessary to receive services and ensures confidentiality so all New Jerseyans can access the support they need without fear.”
“Protecting people’s personal information is fundamental to maintaining trust in government and ensuring access to necessary services,” said Senator Zwicker (D-Middlesex/Mercer/Somerset/Hunterdon). “As federal authorities use government records for their aggressive and mean-spirited immigration enforcement, New Jersey must strengthen our privacy protections to prevent harm.”
“This legislation will modernize our privacy protections to safeguard personal data collected by government agencies and health care providers,” said Senator McKeon (D-Essex/Passaic). “With the Trump Administration trying to access these records in order to identify and deport our law-abiding, undocumented neighbors, we must stand up to defend their right to privacy and protect them from undue harassment by federal agents.”
The third bill, S-3521, sponsored by Senators Britnee Timberlake, Gordon Johnson, and Raj Mukherji, would codify the Attorney General’s Directive, “Strengthening Trust Between Law Enforcement and Immigrant Communities,” also known as the “Immigrant Trust Directive.” The landmark Directive, first issued in 2018, has been upheld in State and federal court.
The Directive draws a clear distinction between state, county, and local law enforcement officers, who are responsible for enforcing state criminal law, and federal immigration authorities, including ICE, who enforce federal civil immigration law. It limits the voluntary assistance New Jersey law enforcement may provide to federal authorities, ensuring state resources remain fully dedicated to protecting the public, enforcing state law, and fostering trust within our communities.
Under the bill, law enforcement is prohibited from engaging in racially biased policing and may not stop, question, arrest, search, or detain anyone solely based on actual or suspected citizenship or immigration status.
“We must assert our constitutional authority under the anti‑commandeering doctrine, which prevents the federal government from forcing states to administer federal programs. These laws make New Jersey communities safer, safeguarding people— documented and undocumented—while protecting local police from being drawn into federal actions that could expose them to serious legal and moral consequences. Lessons of the Nuremberg trials remind us ‘just following orders’ is not an excuse to violate fundamental constitutional and human rights. Advancing this legislation shields individuals from unfair treatment, upholds constitutional protections, and reflects the inclusive values of a nation built by immigrants. When my future grandchildren read about this moment in history, they will know we used the law to protect people,” said Senator Timberlake (D-Essex).
“Our state and local law enforcement must focus on building trust among residents and keeping our communities safe—not carrying out a cruel, anti-immigrant agenda that instills fear among hardworking, everyday people,” said Senator Johnson (D-Bergen). “Codifying the Immigrant Trust Directive will help reaffirm New Jersey’s commitment to our immigrant neighbors, who are our friends and vital contributors to our state, and stand against escalating threats from Washington.”
“These bills advance public safety at a time when the federal government is acting lawlessly, sowing division, and inciting chaos,” said Senator Mukherji (D-Hudson). “When victims and witnesses are afraid to come forward, violent offenders remain on the streets. This legislation strengthens and maintains trust between our diverse communities and state and local law enforcement, and it allows police to do their jobs — focusing on real public safety threats, preventing violence, and solving crime — while ensuring taxpayer resources are not misused to enforce federal civil immigration violations at a time when ICE has repeatedly disregarded due process and civil rights across the country.”
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