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Snow records, wildfire smoke and temperature extremes: 2023 North Dakota weather recap

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Snow records, wildfire smoke and temperature extremes: 2023 North Dakota weather recap


BISMARCK, N.D. (KFYR) – Weather records were common in 2023 as this memorable year brought plenty of snow, wildfire smoke and temperature extremes.

We kicked off 2023 with calm conditions. The least windy January on record and moisture from gradual snow melt helped to develop fog on many days and caused the most dense fog advisories to be issued on record for any one month.

By the end of January, Arctic air settled in with wind chills in the 30s and 40s below zero.

February had big temperature swings, from near-record highs in the middle of the month back to the Arctic plunge by the end of February, and even all the way down to the lowest temperature of the year in Bismarck at -29° on the 24th.

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New record low on February 24 and the coldest temperature of 2023 in Bismarck(KFYR)

With still close to a foot of snow on the ground, strong winds caused lots of blowing snow, leading to blizzard warnings, low visibility and road closures.

Multiple snow storms carried over into March, likely our most impactful weather month of the year, starting off with a big storm from February 28 to March 1.

The plateau of accumulated seasonal snowfall mid-winter turned into a sharp rise as storm after storm came with accumulations from each ranging from a handful of inches to over a foot.

Bismarck accumulated seasonal snowfall graph for 2022-23 compared to normal and seasons with...
Bismarck accumulated seasonal snowfall graph for 2022-23 compared to normal and seasons with most & least snow on record. Notable snow events for 2022-23 list on the left.(KFYR)

Many Alberta clippers came from the northwest, including one on March 11 that led to an expansive blizzard warning and no travel advised for the whole state due to reduced visibility and some impressive snow totals.

The frigid temperatures stuck with us through the majority of the month, leading to the coldest March since 1951 in Bismarck and the top ten coldest regionwide.

March 2023 was a top 10 coldest March on record. List of the coldest Marches: 1. 1899, 2....
March 2023 was a top 10 coldest March on record. List of the coldest Marches: 1. 1899, 2. 1951, 3. 1897, 4. 1888, 5. 1876, 6. 2023.(KFYR)

The snow piled up to the fifth snowiest March on record in Bismarck as we closed in on the all-time snowiest winter season, 1996-97.

One final big Colorado Low tracked through the Upper Midwest in early April with the highest impacts and blizzard conditions in eastern North Dakota.

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Throughout winter, we set many notable snow depth records in Bismarck, including the longest streak with more than eight inches as well as more than one inch of snow on the ground, from mid-November to mid-April.

Record for consecutive days with 8"+ and 1"+ of snow on the ground in Bismarck for the 2022-23...
Record for consecutive days with 8″+ and 1″+ of snow on the ground in Bismarck for the 2022-23 winter season(KFYR)

We also set a record for the latest in the season with 18 inches of snow on the ground, all the way on April 5.

That snow then melted away fairly rapidly, as temperatures finally climbed into the 50s, the first time in a record length of days, and even record highs in the 80s on April 11. This led to ice jams and flooding in parts of the region.

The final snow system came through around April 20, but it wasn’t enough to tip the scales as Bismarck finished 0.4″ away from the all-time snow season record. Dickinson ended up setting a new record for the 2022-23 season.

Final seasonal snowfall totals from 2022-2023
Final seasonal snowfall totals from 2022-2023(KFYR)

Severe thunderstorms began to fire up in May with an impressive supercell depositing large hail in the Bismarck-Mandan area on May 9.

Some more rain events in May helped to eliminate drought conditions in North Dakota by the end of the month – a big improvement from 80% of the state in drought at the start of 2023.

Drought Monitor in ND for January 3 compared to May 30, 2023
Drought Monitor in ND for January 3 compared to May 30, 2023(KFYR)

The summer of smoke began abruptly on May 17 as Canadian wildfire smoke was transported south, leading to North Dakota’s worst day for air quality in a long time with the AQI in the hazardous classification and beyond the scale in some spots.

SkyWatch cameras across western/central ND showing the Candian wildfire smoke on May 17
SkyWatch cameras across western/central ND showing the Candian wildfire smoke on May 17(KFYR)

This smoke continued to come in waves throughout the summer, causing some issues for those with respiratory diseases, as Canada had their worst wildfire season ever.

In a summer that featured some hot periods, but not usually for a long duration, our hottest day — and Bismarck’s only one in the triple digits this year — was on July 26, just in time for the state fair with 90s in Minot.

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Some bigger, fall-like soakers left southern North Dakota with a good amount of moisture through the summer, while the north dried out and drought was re-introduced, even getting to extreme drought by the end of August.

Percent of normal precipitation from May 7 to August 5, 2023 showing how wet the southwest was...
Percent of normal precipitation from May 7 to August 5, 2023 showing how wet the southwest was and how dry the north and east were during the summer(KFYR)

Hazy, hot and humid conditions were present to wrap up August and early September before the heat broke with severe storms and damaging winds in south-central North Dakota on Labor Day.

With only a couple of notable instances of damage caused by thunderstorms, including in Sioux County on June 21 and at Buelah Bay on August 1, the 2023 severe weather season ended with the least number of severe thunderstorm and tornado warnings issued by the National Weather Service in about 30 years.

2023 severe weather stats for western/central ND
2023 severe weather stats for western/central ND(KFYR)

Smoky skies continued at times into the fall as the number of acres burned in Canada approached the size of North Dakota.

An impressive high-end wind event happened across the west on October 17 with 60-85 mph gusts.

The fall featured mostly mild temperatures until October 25 through 27 when an early-season, high-impact winter storm blanketed the state with 8-12″ or more of snow, leading to tricky travel conditions. Frigid temperatures allowed for the snow to stick around for Halloween, which was one of our coldest on record thanks to all that fresh snowpack.

But the snow melted and temperatures were mild for most of November with little to no snow. At the start of the final month of 2023, we tied the record highest temperature for all of December at 66°.

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Overall, December was a very warm month, finishing in the top three, if not the number one, warmest on record. But it still came with some wintry moments, such as a quick-moving wind and snow system on December 8, and then the highly impactful recent ice storm around Christmas that left over 20,000 North Dakotans without electricity, mostly in the south and east. This storm caused the National Weather Service to issue its first ice storm warning in North Dakota since 2016 and travel to be severely impacted as people skated on the streets.

December 25-27 ice storm accumulation totals and ice storm warning issued
December 25-27 ice storm accumulation totals and ice storm warning issued(KFYR)

March and April stick out on the cold side, while May, June and especially December stand out for warmth when compared to normal.

2023 monthly temperature departure from normal in Bismarck
2023 monthly temperature departure from normal in Bismarck(KFYR)

The Northern Lights also danced in the night sky many times this year, including vivid displays in February, March and especially April.



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Donald Snyder Sr.

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Donald Snyder Sr.


Donald R. Snyder Sr. 82 of Grand Forks, North Dakota died Tuesday, December 9, 2026, at Villa St. Vincent in Crookston, Minnesota. 

Don was born on June 3, 1943, the son of Harrison and Gladys (Whittier) Snyder in Van Hook, North Dakota. He attended school in Van Hook and New Town, North Dakota. Don served in the United States Navy from 1960 – 1964 and was stationed in Hawaii during his time of service as a Military Police officer. He attended ND Police Academy and where he worked in Wattford City, ND and later was the Chief of Police in Parshall, ND. Don attended Minot State University and received a bachelor’s degree in psychology in 1972. 

Don was united in marriage to Greta Huseby on November 22, 1991, in Lake Tahoe, Neveda. He worked as a social worker in child welfare in North Dakota for thirty-five plus years in various roles in the state in Rugby, Minot and Bismarck as a Regional Supervisor to State Director in foster care. Don spent the many years taking care of family’s needs in North Dakota.

After retiring from Human Service in North Dakota, he worked for Multiband Inc. and Orangehook Inc. Don retired from OrangeHook Inc. as the Senior Vice President, responsible for HR Department.

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Don enjoyed fishing (deep sea, rivers and lakes), hunting, woodworking (cabinetry and interior), coaching Tee Ball and soccer, and volunteering for the local honor guards. He was proud of his service in the military and always showed his gratitude for fellow veterans.

Don’s faith and family were his priority. He read the Bible six times and shared his faith with his family and friends. Don and Greta were active members of University Lutheran Church.

Don is survived by his wife, Greta Snyder; three sons, Donald Richard Snyder Jr., Scott (Nancy) Snyder and Tracy (Staci) Snyder; grandchildren, Megan (Rory) Selk, Katelyn Snyder, Gavin Snyder, Whitney (Chris) Crofts, Kaylee (Jon) Gappmaier and Jordan (Jen) Snyder, thirteen great-grandchildren, Kinley, Iyla, Jude, Gabby, Rowan, Sophia, Hunter, Kimber, Isaiah, Benjamin, Porshea, Addie and Mollie;  numerous nieces and nephews.

Don was preceded in death by his parents, two daughters, Tunya and Mishell Snyder, granddaughter, Jessica Snyder and two infant sisters. 

Visitation will be held from 10:00 – 11:00 a.m. Wednesday, December 17, 2025, at Amundson Funeral Home. Memorial service will be held at 11:00 a.m. Wednesday, December 17, 2025, at Amundson Funeral Home.

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Wheeler-Thomas scores 21 as North Dakota State knocks off Cal State Bakersfield 80-69

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Wheeler-Thomas scores 21 as North Dakota State knocks off Cal State Bakersfield 80-69


BAKERSFIELD, Calif. (AP) — Damari Wheeler-Thomas’ 21 points helped North Dakota State defeat Cal State Bakersfield 80-69 on Thursday.

Wheeler-Thomas had three steals for the Bison (8-3). Markhi Strickland scored 15 points while shooting 6 of 11 from the field and 3 for 6 from the free-throw line and grabbed five rebounds. Andy Stefonowicz went 4 of 7 from the field (3 for 4 from 3-point range) to finish with 13 points.

Ron Jessamy led the way for the Roadrunners (4-7) with 18 points, six rebounds, two steals and four blocks. CJ Hardy added 13 points. Jaden Alexander also recorded eight points and two steals.

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The Associated Press created this story using technology provided by Data Skrive and data from Sportradar.



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Scientists discover ancient river-dwelling mosasaur in North Dakota

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Scientists discover ancient river-dwelling mosasaur in North Dakota


Some 66 million years ago, a city bus-sized terrifying predator prowled a prehistoric river in what is now North Dakota. 

This finding is based on the analysis of a single mosasaur tooth conducted by an international team of researchers from the United States, Sweden, and the Netherlands. 

The tooth came from a prognathodontine mosasaur — a reptile reaching up to 11 meters long. This makes it an apex predator on par with the largest killer whales.

It shows that massive mosasaurs successfully adapted to life in rivers right up until their extinction.

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The mosasaur tooth was found in 2022 in the Bismarck Area, North Dakota. Credit: Melanie During 

Isotope analysis

Dating from 98 to 66 million years ago, abundant mosasaur fossils have been uncovered in marine deposits across North America, Europe, and Africa.

However, these marine reptile fossils have been rarely found in North Dakota before. 

In this new study, the large mosasaur tooth was unearthed in a fluvial deposit (river sediment) in North Dakota. 

Its neighbors in the dirt were just as compelling: a tooth from a Tyrannosaurus rex and a crocodylian jawbone. Interestingly, all these fossilized remains came from a similar age, around 66 million years old. 

This unusual gathering — sea monster, land dinosaur, and river croc — raised an intriguing question: If the mosasaur was a sea creature, how did its remains end up in an inland river?

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The answer lay in the chemistry of the tooth enamel. Using advanced isotope analysis at the Vrije Universiteit in Amsterdam, the team compared the chemical composition of the mosasaur tooth with its neighbors.

The key was the ratio of oxygen isotopes. 

The mosasaur teeth contained a higher proportion of the lighter oxygen isotope than is typical for mosasaurs living in saltwater. This specific isotopic signature, along with the strontium isotope ratio, strongly suggests that the mosasaur lived in a freshwater habitat.

Analysis also revealed that the mosasaur did not dive as deep as many of its marine relatives and may have fed on unusual prey, such as drowned dinosaurs. 

The isotope signatures indicated that this mosasaur had inhabited this freshwater riverine environment. When we looked at two additional mosasaur teeth found nearby, slightly older sites in North Dakota, we saw similar freshwater signatures. These analyses show that mosasaurs lived in riverine environments in the final million years before going extinct,” explained Melanie During, the study author.

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Transformation of the Seaway

The adaptation occurred during the final million years of the Cretaceous period.

It is hypothesized that the mosasaurs were adapting to an enormous environmental shift in the Western Interior Seaway, the vast inland sea that once divided North America.

Increased freshwater influx gradually transformed the ancient sea from saltwater to brackish water, and finally to mostly freshwater, similar to the modern Gulf of Bothnia. 

The researchers hypothesize that this change led to the formation of a halocline: a structure where a lighter layer of freshwater rested atop heavier saltwater. The findings of the isotope analyses directly support this theory.

The analyzed mosasaur teeth belong to individuals who successfully adapted to the shifting environments. 

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This transition from marine to freshwater habitats (reverse adaptation) is considered less complex than the opposite shift and is not unique among large predators. 

Modern parallels include river dolphins, which evolved from marine ancestors but now thrive in freshwater, and the estuarine crocodile, which moves freely between freshwater rivers and the open sea for hunting.

Findings were published in the journal BMC Zoology on December 11.



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