North Dakota
Doug Leier: Biology drives the direction of North Dakota fishing regulations
WEST FARGO – Count me among the anglers who have lived through the drought of the 1980s and witnessed firsthand the 25-plus years of booming fisheries in North Dakota, which few will argue began with the 1993 drought-busting and continues to a lesser degree today.
Anglers recall when North Dakota fishing waters were fewer than 200 and now number about 450. I’ll also agree with the philosophy that we’d like to keep our fishing as good as we can for as long as we can. Who wouldn’t?
So, along the way, I’ve heard anglers suggest differing regulations could or should be implemented to help preserve or maintain the fisheries. My short answer is it wasn’t regulations that created the “good old days” of fishing that we’ve been enjoying. And there’s no regulations that would save our fisheries from a 1980s-style drought. Like it or not, it’s hard to argue.
Before you start firing off emails, realize the fisheries biologists entrusted with the responsibility of managing our fisheries love the fisheries like you do. They realize some regulations can be implemented socially without much of an impact on the fishery. So, when it comes to implementing slot limits, one-over or trophy regulations, there’s plenty of biology and data to consider.
Walleye anglers care about the resource and often express concern when they believe their peers are keeping too many small or big fish. These anglers often think a length limit will solve the problem, and sometimes they are correct. Length limits, if applied appropriately, can help improve or protect a fishery. However, when applied inappropriately, length limits can harm the fishery they were meant to protect.
Minimum length limits are likely to benefit fisheries that meet all of the following:
- Low reproductive or stocking success.
- Good growth.
- Low natural mortality.
- High angling mortality (fish dying from harvest or after release).
Maximum length limits (one fish longer than 20 inches, for example) are likely to benefit fisheries that meet all of the following criteria:
- Reproduction is limited by the number of adult fish.
- High angling mortality of large fish.
Harvest slot length limits must meet all of the requirements for a minimum length limit and a maximum length limit, since they are basically a combination of the two.
Protected slot length limits are likely to benefit fisheries that meet all of the following criteria:
- Good natural reproduction.
- Slow growth, especially for small fish.
- High natural mortality of small fish.
- High angling effort.
Currently, the Devils Lake walleye population does not meet many of the criteria necessary to benefit from a minimum length limit.
In 2008, walleye growth was similar to the North American average, but in recent years, growth has been slower. Reproduction and stocking success is generally good, and total mortality is low, so angling mortality isn’t excessive. Additionally, with high numbers of smaller walleye in the lake most years, a minimum length limit would needlessly restrict harvest opportunities for anglers and could further decrease growth due to increased competition if some fish were protected by a minimum size limit.
Maximum length and one-over limits
Today, Devils Lake’s walleye population does not meet any of the criteria necessary to see a benefit of a maximum length limit.
Large walleye hatches of late indicate that current regulations are maintaining sufficient numbers of adults in the lake. Six of the seven largest hatches, in fact, have been produced since 2008. While the percentage of adults longer than 15 inches in 2012 was relatively low at 24%, the second-largest walleye hatch ever was recorded, indicating there are ample adults in the lake to produce a good hatch if conditions are favorable.
Protected slot length limits
Currently, the Devils Lake walleye population does meet some of the criteria necessary for a protected slot length limit to be effective, but not all of them. Natural reproduction tends to be good, growth is slower than average and angling effort is significant. However, natural mortality of small walleye is relatively low, so forcing anglers to harvest small walleye would be wasteful as these fish could be allowed to grow over time. Additionally, fish in a protected slot limit don’t really need the protection, as total mortality of the population in general isn’t excessive.
Before you climb on board and suggest “we need new fishing regulations,” ask yourself: Is it based on biology – or not?
Doug Leier is an outreach biologist for the North Dakota Game and Fish Department. Reach him at dleier@nd.gov.
North Dakota
European potato company plans first U.S. production plant in North Dakota
Agristo, a leading European producer of frozen potato products, is making big moves in North America. The company, founded in 1986, has chosen Grand Forks, North Dakota, as the site for its first U.S. production facility.
Agristo has been testing potato farming across the U.S. for years and found North Dakota to be the perfect fit. The state offers high-quality potato crops and a strong agricultural community.
In a statement, Agristo said it believes those factors make it an ideal location for producing the company’s high-quality frozen potato products, including fries, hash browns, and more.
“Seeing strong potential in both potato supply and market growth in North America, Agristo is now ready to invest in its first production facility in the United States, focusing on high-quality products, innovation, and state-of-the-art technology.”
Agristo plans to invest up to $450 million to build a cutting-edge facility in Grand Forks. This project will create 300 to 350 direct jobs, giving a boost to the local economy.
Agristo is working closely with North Dakota officials to finalize the details of the project.
Negotiations for the plant are expected to wrap up by mid-2025.
For more information about Agristo and its products, visit www.agristo.com.
Agristo’s headquarters are located in Belgium.
North Dakota
Audit of North Dakota state auditor finds no issues; review could cost up to $285K • North Dakota Monitor
A long-anticipated performance audit of the North Dakota State Auditor’s Office found no significant issues, consultants told a panel of lawmakers Thursday afternoon.
“Based on the work that we performed, there weren’t any red flags,” Chris Ricchiuto, representing consulting firm Forvis Mazars, said.
The review was commissioned by the 2023 Legislature following complaints from local governments about the cost of the agency’s services.
The firm found that the State Auditor’s Office is following industry standards and laws, and is completing audits in a reasonable amount of time, said Charles Johnson, a director with the firm’s risk advisory services.
“The answer about the audit up front is that we identified four areas where things are working exactly as you expect the state auditor to do,” Johnson told the committee.
The report also found that the agency has implemented some policies to address concerns raised during the 2023 session.
For example, the Auditor’s Office now provides cost estimates to clients before they hire the office for services, Johnson said. The proposals include not-to-exceed clauses, so clients have to agree to any proposed changes.
The State Auditor’s Office also now includes more details on its invoices, so clients have more comprehensive information about what they’re being charged for.
The audit originally was intended to focus on fiscal years 2020 through 2023. However, the firm extended the scope of its analysis to reflect policy changes that the Auditor’s Office implemented after the 2023 fiscal year ended.
State Auditor Josh Gallion told lawmakers the period the audit covers was an unusual time for his agency. The coronavirus pandemic made timely work more difficult for his staff. Moreover, because of the influx of pandemic-related assistance to local governments from the federal government, the State Auditor’s Office’s workload increased significantly.
Gallion said that, other than confirming that the changes the agency has made were worthwhile, he didn’t glean anything significant from the audit.
“The changes had already been implemented,” he said.
Gallion has previously called the audit redundant and unnecessary. When asked Thursday if he thought the audit was a worthwhile use of taxpayer money, Gallion said, “Every audit has value, at the end of the day.”
The report has not been finalized, though the Legislative Audit and Fiscal Review Committee voted to accept it.
Audit of state auditor delayed; Gallion calls it ‘redundant, unnecessary’
“There was no shenanigans, there were no red flags,” Sen. Jerry Klein, R-Fessenden, said at the close of the hearing.
Forvis representatives told lawmakers they plan to finish the report sometime this month.
The contract for the audit is for $285,000.
Johnson said as far as he is aware Forvis has sent bills for a little over $150,000 so far. That doesn’t include the last two months of the company’s work, he said.
The consulting firm sent out surveys to local governments that use the agency’s services.
The top five suggestions for improvements were:
- Communication with clients
- Timeliness
- Helping clients complete forms
- Asking for same information more than once
- Providing more detailed invoices
The top five things respondents thought the agency does well were:
- Understanding of the audit process
- Professionalism
- Willingness to improve
- Attention to detail
- Helpfulness
Johnson said that some of the survey findings should be taken with a “grain of salt.”
“In our work as auditors, we don’t always make people happy doing what we’re supposed to do,” he said.
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North Dakota
'False promise' or lifesaver? Insulin spending cap returns to North Dakota Legislature
BISMARCK — A bill introduced in the North Dakota House of Representatives could cap out-of-pocket insulin costs for some North Dakotans at $25 per month.
The bill also includes a monthly cap for insulin-related medical supplies of $25.
With insulin costing North Dakota residents billions of dollars each year,
House Bill 1114
would provide relief for people on fully insured plans provided by individual, small and large group employers. People on self-funded plans would not be affected.
“I call insulin liquid gold,” Nina Kritzberger, a 16-year-old Type 1 diabetic from Hillsboro, told lawmakers. “My future depends on this bill.”
HB 1114 builds on
legislation
proposed during the 2023 session that similarly sought to establish spending caps on insulin products.
Before any health insurance mandate is enacted,
state law
requires the proposed changes first be tested on state employee health plans.
As such, the legislation was altered to order the state Public Employees Retirement System, or PERS, to introduce an updated bill based on the implementation of a $25 monthly cap on a smaller scale.
The updated bill — House Bill 1114 — would bring the cap out of PERS oversight and into the North Dakota Insurance Department, which regulates the fully insured market but not the self-insured market.
Employers that provide self-insured health programs use profits to cover claims and fees, acting as their own insurers.
Fully insured plans refer to employers that pay a third-party insurance carrier a fixed premium to cover claims and fees.
“It (the mandate) doesn’t impact the entire insurance market within North Dakota,” PERS Executive Director Rebecca Fricke testified during a Government and Veterans Affairs Committee meeting on Thursday, Jan. 9.
Blue Cross Blue Shield Vice President Megan Hruby told the committee that two-thirds of the provider’s members would not be eligible for the monthly cap, calling the bill a “false promise.”
“We do not make health insurance more affordable by passing coverage mandates, as insurance companies don’t pay for mandates. Policy holders pay for mandates in the form of increased premiums,” Hruby said.
She touted the insurance provider having already placed similar caps on insulin products and said companies should be making those decisions, not the state government.
Sanford Health and the Greater North Dakota Chamber also had representatives testify against the bill.
Advocates for the spending cap said higher premiums are worth lowering the cost of insulin drugs and supplies.
“One of the first things that people ask me about is, ‘Why should I pay for your insulin?’ And my response is, ‘Why should I have to pay for your premiums?’” Danelle Johnson, of Horace, said in her testimony.
If adopted and as written, the spending caps brought by
House Bill 1114
would apply to the North Dakota commercial insurance market and cost the state around $834,000 over the 2025-27 biennium.
According to the 2024 North Dakota diabetes report,
medical fees associated with the condition cost North Dakotans over $306 billion in 2022.
The state has more than 57,200 adults diagnosed with diabetes, and a staggering 38% have prediabetes — a condition where blood sugar levels are high but not high enough to cause Type 2 diabetes.
Nearly half of those people are adults 65 years old or older.
North Dakotan tribal members were also found to be twice as likely to have diabetes compared to their white counterparts.
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