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A fatty bulge at the base of the neck — commonly known as a “buffalo hump” — isn’t always just a cosmetic concern, as experts say it can sometimes signal an underlying condition.

As more Americans grapple with poor posture, obesity and chronic conditions requiring long-term medications, experts warn that these factors can contribute to the development of “buffalo humps.” 

There are a range of possible causes and treatments for the commonly misunderstood condition, Health.com recently reported.

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“A buffalo hump is a fullness at the base of the neck or upper back area,” Dr. Dahlia Rice, a Chicago-based plastic surgeon and founder of DMR Aesthetics, told Fox News Digital.

Posture can make a hump appear more pronounced, even if someone does not have much excess fat, Rice said. A forward head posture or rounding of the upper spine can contribute to this effect.

“Depending on the pattern and timing, it could also signal an underlying medical issue,” the expert said.

The condition is often linked to weight, according to Dr. Rachel Mason, a Las Vegas-based plastic surgeon and founder of La Femme Plastic Surgery, though that is not always the case.

“In some cases, it can be associated with medical conditions like Cushing’s syndrome or long-term use of steroids,” she told Fox News Digital.

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“Depending on the pattern and timing, it could signal an underlying medical issue.”

Elevated levels of cortisol — the body’s primary stress hormone — can also lead to fat deposits in the neck and upper back, experts say. Certain medications, including some HIV treatments, may also play a role, according to Health.com.

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Experts emphasize the importance of distinguishing between a true buffalo hump and other conditions. The buffalo hump is often confused with a posture-related “dowager’s hump,” which is caused by spinal curvature rather than fat buildup.

“A true buffalo hump will feel soft and fatty,” Mason said. “Structural, posture-related issues require a completely different approach than fat reduction.”

If the lump appears suddenly, continues to grow or is accompanied by other symptoms, medical evaluation is recommended, according to doctors.

“If it’s paired with fatigue, muscle weakness or changes in blood pressure, patients should seek medical evaluation,” Rice advised.

Mason added that symptoms such as easy bruising, hormonal changes or purple stretch marks could point to an endocrine disorder rather than a cosmetic issue.

Treatment options depend largely on the underlying cause. In cases tied to posture, physical therapy and strengthening exercises may help. When medications are involved, doctors may adjust treatment.

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For patients with localized fat and no underlying condition, cosmetic procedures may be considered.

“Liposuction is often the effective option for contouring this area, as it directly removes excess fat and improves the profile of the upper back and neck,” Mason said, noting that more extensive cases may require surgical removal of dense tissue.

Lifestyle changes — such as maintaining a healthy weight, improving posture and monitoring long-term medication use — may help to manage or reduce the condition, experts say.

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Although a buffalo hump itself is not usually dangerous, untreated underlying conditions can lead to more serious complications, including high blood pressure or sleep issues, according to Health.com.

“Identifying the cause early is important in ensuring the right treatment path is taken,” Mason said.

Talk show host Kelly Ripa recently revealed she receives a niche procedure to enhance the appearance of her behind.

During a recent episode of her podcast, “Let’s Talk Off Camera,” the 55-year-old opened up about getting microneedling done “on my a– cheeks,” after her guest, actor Lukas Gage, shared that he had also undergone the treatment.

“I’m going to tell you something … just as old as before,” she said after Gage asked her whether she saw an improvement. “Desperate times call for desperate measures.”

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Dermatologist Dara Spearman, M.D., of Radiant Dermatology Associates in Indiana, described the cosmetic dermatologic procedure to Fox News Digital.

“Butt microneedling is where a device with very fine, sterile needles is used to create controlled micro-injuries in the skin of the buttocks,” she said.

“This process stimulates the body’s natural wound healing response, which boosts collagen and elastin production over time.”

Microneedling is often used to improve skin texture concerns like acne scarring, stretch marks or uneven tone, especially in the rear end area, according to Spearman.

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The treatment can be performed in an office by a trained professional and is sometimes paired with topical serums to enhance results.

“While the concept may sound trendy, the underlying technology is the same as traditional microneedling used on the face and body,” Spearman said.

Microneedling the buttocks can lead to smoother, firmer and more even-looking skin after a series of treatments.

An increase in collagen production over time can “subtly improve skin laxity,” Spearman said, with results building gradually over multiple sessions.

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“Consistency and realistic expectations are key,” the dermatologist said.

As with any procedure that disrupts the skin barrier, there are potential risks, according to Spearman, especially if it’s performed improperly or in a non-sterile environment.

These potential side effects include irritation, infection and prolonged redness. In some cases, post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation can occur in patients with deeper skin tones.

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“There is also a risk of worsening acne or folliculitis if the area is not properly assessed beforehand,” Spearman said. “Overly aggressive treatments can lead to scarring rather than improvement, which is why technique and needle depth matter significantly.”

“It’s important that patients seek care from a qualified medical professional to minimize these risks.”

Although this treatment is gaining viral popularity on social media, it should still be regarded as a medical procedure requiring proper training and safety standards, Spearman emphasized.

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“It is not a quick fix, and multiple sessions are typically needed to achieve meaningful results,” the dermatologist told Fox News Digital. “Patients should also be cautious about at-home devices for this area, as improper use can increase the risk of infection or skin damage.”

“A thorough consultation is essential to determine whether someone is a good candidate, especially if they have active skin conditions or a history of keloid (raised) scarring.”

Fox News Digital’s Lori A. Bashian contributed to this report.