Fitness
'Constantly trying to fit exercise around other things': Why women have less time to exercise than men
Finding time to exercise can be hard, and the research shows that’s especially true for mums.
“When you ask people ‘why don’t you do more physical activity’, the most common reason is they don’t have enough time,” says Lyndall Strazdins from Australian National University.
“Half of the world are insufficiently active, and within that group there is the consistent gender gap which widens over time.”
That gap is particularly profound in heterosexual couples with kids, Professor Strazdins’ research published in 2022 found.
The researchers looked at data from the Household, Income and Labour Dynamics in Australia (HILDA) survey, focusing on the effects of both paid work and unpaid caring and domestic responsibilities on physical activity.
It shows as family demands increase, women’s physical activity becomes more limited, but the same doesn’t happen for men.
Why women are exercising less than men
It’s well established women do more unpaid labour in the home and have less leisure time than their male partners.
And while the gender exercise gap exists even in childhood, Rebecca Ahern says six in 10 women say they were more active before having children.
She’s the head of VicHealth’s This Girl Can campaign, and mum of two young children.
“Juggling the priorities of caring responsibilities, the home, work — carving out that time [to exercise] is really tricky.”
Professor Strazdins says women have less leisure time, and it’s also the quality of that time that is an issue.
“It’s often broken up into 10 minutes here, or five minutes there.
“Women try and kick two goals; do their exercise and look after the kids, or do exercise and get to the shops.
“They are constantly trying to fit their exercise around other things.”
She says weaving together a “high-care environment” and exercise is “generally very difficult”.
Other reasons women exercise less than men, cited by Ms Ahern, Professor Strazdins and VicHealth research, include:
- Women not feeling safe to exercise when they have the opportunity; for example, in the evenings
- “Mum guilt”
- The cost
- Unwelcoming environments
- Fear of judgement
- Feeling less confident about their body’s appearance and abilities post-kids.
Men ‘borrowing’ women’s time
One of the key findings of Professor Strazdins’ research was men “borrowing” time from women to keep up their exercise routine.
For example, the study found even when women work fewer paid hours, men were more likely to access that “free” time for their exercise, rather than women being able to use it for themselves.
Men’s time for jobs and health is “protected”, whereas women’s is “squeezed”, Professor Strazdins says.
“When men work longer hours, they cut back on their family hours. When women work, they don’t then do less family hours, they just add them on.”
Dads ‘locked out of care’ by their jobs
Professor Strazdins says the way society values economy above all else is costing us our health.
“I’ve heard a huge regret and sadness from many men about the way they feel locked out of care by their jobs.
“So it’s not just the cost to women, there is a cost to everybody.”
She says there needs to be a national conversation about what is fair work hours, so we can talk about what is fair care hours.
“And you can’t have that latter conversation without the first.”
Closing the exercise gap in your home
Professor Strazdins says the global “crisis” of people not exercising enough is pushing huge disease burdens from the cardiovascular to the cognitive.
Joys Njambi from Naarm/Melbourne has always been active.
When she had her daughter 17 years ago, she says doing “mum and bub” classes allowed her to stay that way.
She says doing exercise in increments was helpful as life became busier with work and family, such as taking three 10-minute walk breaks during work days.
Ms Ahern says she has to be “really intentional” about carving out time to exercise.
“I walk the kids to school to get that incidental exercise, as well as planned.
“Going to the park with [my kids and] a ball is a great example of just trying to get out a little bit more movement into my day.”
She says it’s important for women to remember that “little bits” count and we shouldn’t be too hard on ourselves.
“I can look at my step count and sometimes I hit 10,000 without even realising,” she says, pointing to how much physical activity being a mum to young kids can involve.
Professor Strazdins says evening up care hours in the home, allowing both men and women to have enough time to stay healthy, is the first step in closing the exercise gap.
Ms Ahern says couples talking about prioritising exercise can help with that.
“My partner was a golfer and he let that go because that took all of Saturday morning, or the day even,” she says.
“Now we both create time for ourselves on Saturday. He has also taken on cooking more meals.”
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Fitness
Does Medicare Help Pay for Gym Memberships?
Almost all Medicare Advantage members (98 percent) were in plans that covered some fitness benefits in 2022, according to a Kaiser Family Foundation study. These benefits take several forms, including membership in the popular SilverSneakers program for people 65 and older or its competitors Renew Active and Silver&Fit.
SilverSneakers provides access to more than 15,000 fitness locations across the country; online dance, exercise, meditation, stretch and yoga classes; and an on-demand video library of prerecorded workouts. A free SilverSneakers GO fitness app for Apple and Android phones is also available. Other Medicare Advantage plans also offer free gym memberships with access to a nationwide network of health clubs and exercise locations, personalized fitness plans and on-demand workout videos.
In addition to gym access, many plans provide incentives to stay active, such as a free fitness tracker every two years, discounts on a smartwatch or exercise equipment if you meet activity goals, or gift cards if you take certain healthy actions, such as exercising or getting a flu shot.
How do I find Advantage plans with fitness benefits?
To find Medicare Advantage plans with fitness benefits in your area, go to the Medicare Plan Finder, type in your zip code and choose Medicare Advantage Plan for the search. It will prompt you to put in your medications, but you can bypass that.
Next, you’ll see a list of Medicare Advantage plans available in your area. The Plan Benefits summary for each option will have a green check mark if the plan has vision, dental, hearing, transportation to and from a medical appointment, or fitness benefits. Click on the Plan Details button and scroll down to Extra Benefits for a summary of fitness benefits available. To learn more details beyond “Not covered” or “Some coverage,” you can contact the plan at the phone number at the top of the Plan Details web page or read plan documents on the insurer’s website, linked at the top of the page.
Do Medigap plans offer fitness benefits?
Even though Medicare supplemental plans, also known as Medigap, don’t include fitness benefits as part of their standard coverage, you may find they include gym membership as well as discounts for dental, hearing, and vision services at no additional cost. Some plans offer low-cost packages to add these benefits.
Here, too, you can use Medicare’s Plan Finder tool to learn more about Medigap plans in your area.
Fitness
Quarantine Fitness Trends & Top Exercises During COVID-19
How to stay active and motivated during quarantine
When your daily routines are disrupted, finding the motivation to exercise can be a challenge. The key is to build a new structure that works for you. Schedule your workouts as you would any important appointment to create commitment and turn intention into action.
Focus on consistency rather than intensity, especially when adapting to a new environment. Setting small, achievable goals—like a 20-minute walk or a short bodyweight circuit—can build momentum. Remember that any movement is better than none, and establishing a regular habit is the most important first step.
At-home and outdoor exercise ideas
You don’t need a fully equipped gym to maintain your fitness. Many effective workouts can be done with minimal or no equipment, either in your home or safely outdoors.
- Bodyweight training: Exercises like squats, push-ups, lunges, and planks are foundational movements that build strength using your own body as resistance.
- Yoga and mobility: Focusing on flexibility and movement quality can reduce stress and improve recovery. Many free resources are available for guided yoga flows and mobility routines.
- Outdoor cardio: If you can do so safely, activities like walking, running, or cycling are excellent for cardiovascular health and provide a much-needed change of scenery.
The most popular quarantine exercises, according to WHOOP data
A recent study examined data from 50,000 WHOOP members between January 1 and May 15, including over 4.9 million workouts. This comparison captured exercise behaviors before and during social distancing, using March 9 as the cutoff—the week the World Health Organization classified COVID-19 as a pandemic and the US declared a national state of emergency.
The study tracked the six most popular exercises: running, functional fitness, weightlifting, cycling, swimming, and walking. It measured the relative frequency of each activity on a daily basis. As you can see in the graphic below, there was a significant uptick in running, cycling, and walking once social distancing began.
QUARANTINE EXERCISE MODALITIES WITH BIGGEST INCREASE
Walking took the biggest jump, followed by running and cycling. The spikes on the graph show increased participation in all three activities on weekends, which continued during quarantine. However, with running in particular, the frequency of weekday and weekend participation became more similar—a lack of commuting gave runners more opportunity to get outside during the week.
The quarantine workouts that decreased
The three activities people started doing more of are all individual forms of exercise that happen outdoors—a needed break from being stuck inside. Functional fitness, which for many members was already a solo at-home workout, saw little change. Weightlifting and swimming saw significant decreases, coinciding with the closures of gyms and athletic facilities.
Other trends in quarantine exercise: Increased frequency and intensity
The sample of 50,000 WHOOP members exercised 1.1% more often once quarantine began. With many social activities unavailable, people turned to working out to pass the time. Exercise modalities like running and cycling require a high cardiovascular load, and members spent 1.8% more time working out in their three highest heart rate zones during quarantine.
The study also discovered improvements in several key physiological markers that WHOOP tracks, including sleep, resting heart rate, and heart rate variability.
Understand your body’s response to new routines
Adapting your fitness routine is the first step. Understanding how your body responds to those changes is the next. Are your new workouts building fitness without compromising recovery, and are you getting enough sleep to support your efforts?
WHOOP quantifies the impact of your daily behaviors on your body. By monitoring your Sleep, daily Strain, and Recovery, you get personalized insights to help you train smarter, recover faster, and build healthier habits.
Frequently asked questions
Does exercise help fight a virus?
Regular, moderate exercise can support your immune system. Physical activity helps promote good circulation, which allows the cells and substances of the immune system to move through the body freely and do their job efficiently. However, it’s important to balance activity with recovery, as overtraining can place stress on the body.
Does exercise speed up COVID-19 recovery?
The relationship between exercise and COVID-19 recovery is complex and depends on the individual. Some research suggests that light physical activity during and after the illness may help with certain symptoms, particularly mental and neurological ones. It is critical to listen to your body, avoid strenuous activity while sick, and consult with a healthcare professional before resuming exercise after an infection.
How does WHOOP measure the intensity of a workout?
WHOOP measures the intensity of your activities by analyzing your heart rate. The Strain score quantifies the total cardiovascular load you experience throughout the day, whether from a specific workout or other daily stressors. By tracking how much time you spend in elevated heart rate zones, WHOOP gives you a clear picture of how hard your body is working.
Fitness
I’m a fitness writer and these are the 44 best deals I’ve found in the Amazon Big Spring Sale
Lou Mudge is a Health Writer at Future Plc, working across Fit&Well and Coach. She previously worked for Live Science, and regularly writes for Space.com and Pet’s Radar. Based in Bath, UK, she has a passion for food, nutrition and health and is eager to demystify diet culture in order to make health and fitness accessible to everybody.
Multiple diagnoses in her early twenties sparked an interest in the gut-brain axis and the impact that diet and exercise can have on both physical and mental health. She was put on the FODMAP elimination diet during this time and learned to adapt recipes to fit these parameters, while retaining core flavors and textures, and now enjoys cooking for gut health.
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