Culture
Danny Jansen could make history by playing for Red Sox and Blue Jays in the same game
![Danny Jansen could make history by playing for Red Sox and Blue Jays in the same game Danny Jansen could make history by playing for Red Sox and Blue Jays in the same game](https://cdn.theathletic.com/app/uploads/2024/08/18173942/0819_DannyJansen-1.png)
Everyone knows you can’t be in two places at the same time. Those are the rules — the immutable rules of physics.
Ah, but who knew you can play for two teams in the same baseball game? Those are also the rules — the wacky suspended-game rules of baseball.
So next Monday, if all the forces in the universe line up right, Boston Red Sox catcher Danny Jansen will go where no baseball-playing human has ever gone before. Not in the big leagues anyway.
In a week, he could become the first player in major-league history to appear in a box score for both teams in the same game. And here’s our plea to the forces in the universe: This needs to happen!
“Oh, man,” Jansen told The Athletic the other day. “It’s going to be nuts.”
For the last 54 days, since June 26, he has been stuck in the batter’s box at Fenway Park, frozen in baseball time. Not literally, of course. But this is baseball. So even as everything else around him has swirled in a million different directions, the box score of that game tells us he is still batting.
It was the second inning. He was hitting for the Toronto Blue Jays in Boston, with one out and a runner on first. He had just fouled off a first-pitch cutter. And that was when the weather gods decided it was time to mess with the baseball gods.
UPDATE: We are now in a rain delay ☔️ pic.twitter.com/M1BNJ2l3xF
— Toronto Blue Jays (@BlueJays) June 26, 2024
So those raindrops turned into a rain delay. That rain delay turned into a suspended game. The resumption of that game was scheduled for Aug. 26. And then …
The trade deadline happened. And Jansen got traded, for the first time in his career — to the team the Blue Jays were playing that night, the Red Sox. So friends, history beckons. And also wackiness. We’re big fans of both.
So where could this be leading? What does it all mean? And are you sure this has never happened before? (Spoiler alert: Don’t be!) Let’s take a look.
So what happens next?
When this game resumes, we can guarantee one thing: Danny Jansen will not get to finish his at-bat. The suspended-game rule may be a little zany at times, but it isn’t that zany — not enough to allow a player wearing a Red Sox uniform to bat for the Blue Jays.
But here is where this could get fun — and historic. The Red Sox also need to change catchers. Reese McGuire, who was catching for them at the time, is on their Triple-A roster now, not their big-league roster. So if Red Sox manager Alex Cora is as astute as we think he is, we’re headed for one of the greatest P.A. announcements ever:
“Now catching for the Red Sox, Danny Jansen. Now pinch-hitting for Danny Jansen … fill in the blank, but who the heck cares!”
“Oh, man,” Jansen said, when we ran that scenario by him. “Such an oddity.”
It’s an oddity, all right. But it’s only possible because …
The suspended-game rule is the gift that keeps on giving
Of all the 14 gazillion rules in the baseball rulebook, the suspended-game rule has to be the most awesome. It makes so much weird and wild nuttiness possible, it’s the best rule ever.
It makes time travel possible. Thanks to this rule, Juan Soto managed to debut before his debut back in 2018. He arrived in the big leagues, with the Washington Nationals, on May 20. But he later played in a game that had been suspended on May 15 — and homered. Which means he debuted before he debuted and also homered before his first homer.
Juan Soto homers in the sixth inning of a resumed game on June 18, 2018, that had been suspended five days before his MLB debut the month earlier. (2018 Diamond Images via Getty Images)
It makes team travel possible. Thanks to this rule, reliever Joel Hanrahan won a game for the Nationals while he was playing for the Pittsburgh Pirates. In 2009, he pitched a scoreless top of the 11th inning for the Nats on May 5. Then that game got a little slippery, in more ways than one.
It got delayed, suspended and finished two months later. But he’d been traded to the Pirates by then. So … yep. While he was hanging out in the Pirates’ bullpen in Miami, the Nationals rallied to win in Washington, so their winning pitcher was — who else? — Joel Hanrahan. What a magic trick.
It makes cloning possible. Thanks to this rule, Adam Duvall and Daniel Hudson once faced each other with two different teams, in two different games, on the same day. And now that we’re this deep into this section, that doesn’t even seem strange anymore, does it?
On July 21, 2021, the Miami Marlins were playing the Nationals. Duvall went 1 for 4 for Miami. Hudson pitched a scoreless eighth for Washington. But …
Meanwhile, in an alternate universe, the Braves played the Padres that same day, in another game that would get suspended. By the time they resumed it in September, guess what had changed?
Duvall was a Brave … and Hudson was a Padre … and in the sixth inning of that game, Adam Duvall, the Brave, hit a home run off Daniel Hudson, the Padre … on the same day the box scores tell us they were also playing against each other in Washington. It’s right there in Duvall’s game log on Baseball Reference. Classic!
![](https://cdn.theathletic.com/app/uploads/2024/08/16112903/2021-Duvall-2-teams-1-day.jpg)
(screenshot from Baseball Reference)
So now that we have that fun preamble out of the way, back to Danny Jansen. It makes no logical sense that a player could get taken out of a game, and then, at the same exact moment, get subbed into that game for the other team. But have we mentioned that the suspended-game rule is inventive like that? Here’s what it says, right there in Rule 7.02:
A player who was not with the Club when the game was suspended may be used as a substitute, even if he has taken the place of a player no longer with the Club who would not have been eligible …
Yes!
Not that Jansen was intricately familiar with any of that when he got traded to Boston on July 27. But all it took was one day in his new clubhouse before he realized he was going to have to bone up on this thing — because those Boston writers had a lot of questions, about a feat he didn’t even know was possible.
“I didn’t know (much about this) at first,” he said. “I was like, ‘What — am I going to have to go on the other team?’ I didn’t know what was going to happen. It just kind of caught me off guard about the whole situation. Because when I got traded, it was just a whirlwind at first, and I didn’t think about it. But then, once that stuff settled, I heard about (the suspended-game scenario). And I was like, ‘Oh, that’s cool. That’s a unique thing that’s going to happen.’”
Ah, but how unique is it? Don’t answer too quickly, because there is, in fact …
Another living human who actually did this
Unless you were a big fan of International League baseball in the 1980s, you probably don’t recognize the name Dale Holman. But did you know he has several artifacts from his career that are currently housed inside the Baseball Hall of Fame?
True story. And why is that? Because in 1986, Holman did something that might sound familiar if you’ve read this far:
He played for both teams in the same game.
He started that game in June, playing right field for Syracuse. He finished that game on Aug. 16, playing left field for Richmond. Yes, we even dug up the box score.
![](https://cdn.theathletic.com/app/uploads/2024/08/19005529/DALE-HOLMAN-BOX-SCORE-1986-1.jpg)
But unlike the saga of Danny Jansen, who merely got traded from one team to the other, a bunch of stars had to line up for Holman to pull off his feat. He didn’t get traded. He got released. So that isn’t usually a surefire ticket to making history.
At age 27 and stuck in his fifth season in Triple A, he wasn’t even sure he’d get another job. Instead, he hooked on with the Braves’ Double-A team in Greenville, SC. He was still there a month later when the Braves’ Triple-A club in Richmond needed to find an outfielder in a hurry. Guess who got called up?
Naturally, just two days later, Holman’s new team was about to resume a suspended game with his old team, Syracuse. It’s safe to say there was a lot less buzzing about that momentous event than what Danny Jansen is experiencing. In fact, it almost went unnoticed, except …
That afternoon, a fortuitous lightning bolt suddenly hit Richmond infielder Paul Runge. Wait, he thought. Wasn’t the new outfielder in town playing for the other team when this game began?
“Until then, nobody had remembered it, even myself,” Holman told The Athletic when we tracked him down at his home in Miramar Beach, Fla. “But then Paul Runge did. I remember we were sitting in the clubhouse, and he said something about it. He said: ‘You’ve got to get in there!’”
So next thing he knew, Holman was in the lineup — and singled in his next two at-bats … against a team he was playing for as recently as the third inning. But that wasn’t even his biggest claim to fame.
In the second inning, when he was still in the Syracuse lineup, he’d smoked a two-run double … against Richmond. So not only had he played for both teams, he’d gotten a hit for both teams in the same game. And even nuttier, he got credit for driving in the winning run against the team he was playing for when that game ended.
This sounds more like a Brockmire script than something that unfolded in real life. But nearly 40 years later, it’s keeping the legend of Dale Holman alive. And even he’s amazed that anyone is remotely aware of any of this.
“It’s just one of those crazy things,” he said. “It could have happened to anybody, but it happened to me. I was in the wrong place at the right time, or whatever.”
If it happened today, he’d probably have turned into a TikTok folk hero pretty much instantly. But this was 1986 — a time without Tik-ing, Tok-ing or tweeting. So it’s a miracle that word of this incredible feat made it beyond the Richmond city limits.
“I really don’t think anything would ever have been known about that, if not for a woman in our office (in Richmond), and she sent something in to USA Today,” Holman said. “On the front page of their sports, they used to have a little column that was something like ‘Today in Sports.’ So they had a little paragraph about it.
“Then the next Saturday, one of my old roommates called me and said: ‘I’m watching the (NBC) Game of the Week. And I just heard Joe Garagiola mention your name about playing in a game for both teams.’”
That was about as viral as Holman’s spectacular feat got at the time. But luckily, along came Jansen to inspire hard-working media outlets like us to dust off the archives and bring it back to life. So no wonder the first words out of Holman’s mouth, once we connected, were: “I got your message. I was excited to talk to you.”
So here’s an idea. Let’s try the first-ever…
Danny Jansen vs. Dale Holman Tale of the Tape
For nearly 40 years, Holman has had this space all to himself. As best as even longtime minor-league historians can tell, the Two Teams in the Same Game Club consisted of only one man — him. So we were curious: Was he rooting for Jansen to join him or not?
“Well, he can’t join me,” Holman said, cheerfully. “He didn’t get a hit (before changing teams). You know, that’s the deal. So he can go ahead and play for three or four teams in a day. It doesn’t matter.”
We relayed those words to Jansen. He found them pretty amusing.
“He’s not wrong,” Jansen said, laughing. “I mean, I ended my day with the Blue Jays 0 for 1 — no, wait. I’m 0 for 0, and down, 0-1, in the count. So I didn’t get a hit for both sides.”
Yes, if that’s the big category — getting a hit for both teams in the same game — Holman has that niche wrapped up. But now let’s make the case for Jansen, assuming he gets put in the lineup as the catcher when this game resumes.
First off, he’s doing it in the big leagues. So that’s one massive checkmark on Jansen’s side.
Second, Jansen started this at-bat as the hitter — and he has a chance to finish it as the catcher. So who the heck has ever batted and caught in the same at-bat in a game? Nobody. Obviously. So what’s the cool factor in doing that?
“Ooh,” Jansen said. “That would be very cool.”
Then he had a question for us: If the pinch-hitter goes in for him and strikes out, “does that go on my stats? … Because if it did, I was thinking we’re going to have to get that guy to roll one over to third base.”
But the answer to that is: Nope. Since there was only one strike, whatever happens in this at-bat will get credited to the pinch-hitter. Jansen seemed relieved to hear that.
Except what if he’d seen one more pitch in that game before the rain hit? What if there had been two strikes on him instead of one? Then he would have had a chance to do some really weird stuff. He could have caught the third strike of a strikeout of himself.
“Wow,” Jansen said. “That would be wild.”
Or what about this even wilder thing that could have happened. (Hat tip to loyal reader Frank Mercogliano for this one.) If there were two strikes instead of one, and then Danny Jansen the catcher wasn’t able to hold onto the pitch that struck out Danny Jansen the hitter, he could have theoretically tagged himself out. Or that’s how the official play-by-play annals of baseball would have described it, anyhow.
“That’s so funny to think about,” Jansen said, laughing again. “Good thing it’s all theoretical, right?”
Wait. There’s more. According to the Elias Sports Bureau, Jansen would get credit for playing one game for the Blue Jays and also one game for the Red Sox in the same game. But he would only get credit for one total game played. So when does one plus one equal one? Only in baseball!
And maybe even more strange, here we have video evidence that Jansen set foot in the batter’s box for the Blue Jays in this game … and has been stuck there for the last seven weeks, technically speaking. But he will not get credit for a plate appearance for the Blue Jays. Don’t believe your eyes, friends. It’s baseball!
It’s as strange but cool as it gets, all right. But just when we thought we had Jansen convinced his feat would be way bigger than Holman’s, Jansen actually leapt to the defense of Dale Holman, Mr. 3-for-3 himself (for two different teams).
“Yeah, but three knocks, though,” Jansen said. “It’s going to be tough to top that.”
All right. Props to them both. Because what everyone needs to contemplate here is that …
Moments like this reverberate through baseball history
Holman is the first to admit he’s not the most luminant star in the baseball cosmos. But you should know that he did have his moments. He once hit .344, with a .908 OPS, in the Texas League. He was once on a Syracuse team that played a 27-inning game and a 23-inning game in back-to-back weeks, leading shortly thereafter to his pro pitching debut. He’s in the Louisiana Tech Hall of Fame. But also …
“You’re a baseball guy,” he told us. “Research this one.”
He then told a tale from his time as a roving instructor in the Braves’ system. He was visiting their South Atlantic League team when all sorts of bizarre stuff began to happen. So in a span of four games, he had to step in as a manager, a coach, an umpire and even a player, thanks to various ejections, illnesses and emergencies.
Has anyone else ever done that? he asked. Hard to say. But at least Danny Jansen hasn’t.
Still, Holman understands that nothing about his career is remembered as vividly as that fabled game in Richmond where he was so mixed up in the exploits of both teams that when it was over, “I didn’t know whose hand to shake.” It’s almost four decades later. And here we are, still talking about this. Amazing.
So what would Dale Holman like to tell Danny Jansen as his two-team moment approaches?
“I don’t know how his career will play out. You know what I mean?” Holman said. “But it kept my name in the news for a few decades. And I wouldn’t be known otherwise. I started out my baseball career as a prospect with the Dodgers. But then everything faded after that. So (this game) kept me in the news.
“So with him,” Holman said of Jansen, “with the way the internet is now, it’ll be all over the world. So even if he doesn’t start that game for Boston, I’m sure they’ll figure out a way to get him in there for an at-bat or to catch an inning, or whatever. I mean, they’d be crazy not to.”
But is that what’s going to happen? Alex Cora hasn’t tipped his hand. So we may not know until the lineup gets posted.
For most of his time with Boston, Jansen has had a lot more to focus on than becoming the answer to one of baseball’s greatest future trivia questions: Who’s the only guy to play for both teams in the same game? But would he love to wind up as that answer? Who wouldn’t?
“It’s pretty cool,” he said. “It’s a cool thing to be part of something that lives on and is just a rarity, something that does not happen very often at all. That would be awesome. You know, I try to be in the moment as much as possible. But one day, if this happens, it’s going to be a cool thing regardless … but especially later on. It’s going to be a cool thing to look back on.”
And how would he explain to his grandkids someday how it’s even possible to play for both teams in the same game … in the major leagues?
“Baseball is incredible,” he said. “It’s always incredible. You can’t expect that anything in baseball can’t happen. Anything’s possible.
“This game,” said Danny Jansen, “is nuts.”
(Photo: Getty Images / Danielle Parhizkaran/The Boston Globe)
![](https://newspub.live/wp-content/uploads/2022/03/np-logo.png)
Culture
How Well Do You Know Rome, and These Books Set in the City?
![How Well Do You Know Rome, and These Books Set in the City? How Well Do You Know Rome, and These Books Set in the City?](https://static01.nyt.com/images/2024/08/19/books/review/19Quiz-ROME/19Quiz-ROME-facebookJumbo.jpg)
A strong sense of place can deeply influence a story, and in some cases, the setting can even feel like a character itself. This week’s literary geography quiz celebrates Rome and books set around Italy’s Eternal City. Even if you aren’t familiar with the books, your knowledge of Rome’s landmarks should help you. To play, just make your selection in the multiple-choice list and the correct answer will be revealed. Links to the books will be listed at the end of the quiz if you’d like to do further reading.
Culture
Jayden Daniels stands tall — and kind of scares Dan Quinn — in Commanders' preseason loss
![Jayden Daniels stands tall — and kind of scares Dan Quinn — in Commanders' preseason loss Jayden Daniels stands tall — and kind of scares Dan Quinn — in Commanders' preseason loss](https://cdn.theathletic.com/app/uploads/2024/08/17235654/GettyImages-2166476273-scaled.jpg)
There is little to fret over in Jayden Daniels’ two preseason starts. That’s not to suggest the Washington Commanders rookie quarterback hasn’t made coach Dan Quinn nervous.
Daniels’ 42-yard completion after calling an audible last week highlighted the electric quarterback’s first-ever NFL action — and prompted a brilliant “Top Gun” analogy from the head coach. In Saturday’s second preseason game, a 13-6 loss at the Miami Dolphins, the first-round rookie completed 10 of 12 passes (83.3 percent) for 78 yards and drove the Commanders into field goal range on his only two possessions.
He also ran into traffic on one play rather than pumping the brakes and sliding to safety, leading Quinn back to the movies for a quote from “Animal House.”
“Yes, double-secret probation he is on,” Quinn joked.
Escaping the preseason without injuries is the No. 1 goal for any team. That wish goes tenfold with Daniels, the No. 2 pick in the 2024 NFL Draft who passed and ran to the Heisman Trophy last season. The 6-foot-3 quarterback’s slight frame isn’t built for hard hits. The cartoonish blows he absorbed at LSU made sliding a primary topic for the new coaching staff.
“He will. He will, he will,” offensive coordinator Kliff Kingsbury said this month. “We’ve harped on it a lot, but you love the competitive nature. It’s just there’s a time and a place for it.”
This time came on a second-and-4 from Washington’s 37-yard line on its second possession. Kingsbury called a read-option, and Daniels, after faking the handoff, took off outside right behind the lead block of tight end John Bates. He gained 13 yards but engaged with a pair of Miami defenders before falling to the grass without harm.
Daniels smiled as he spoke with reporters about the run, calling the do-or-don’t decision “a constant battle” and saying it’s a “fine line between knowing when to take chances and when to get down.”
After he sought extra yards steps away from the Commanders’ sideline, Daniels said he could hear Quinn saying, “‘Get down, get down!’ That’s just our little joke going on.”
Nothing is silly about Daniels’ potential or the trust Quinn, Kingsbury and others have already placed in him.
“It means a lot that they trust me to go out there and play the position,” Daniels said on the local television broadcast about his 12 pass attempts in two drives. “Put the ball in the right spot. Take care of the football. (They let me) play football.”
Dolphins quarterback Tua Tagovailoa completed all five pass attempts for 51 yards, including a deft 13-yard corner toss over Washington cornerback Benjamin St-Juste to River Cracraft for the game’s only touchdown. Defensive end hopeful Jamin Davis, playing against Miami’s third-stringers, had a strip sack for one of Washington’s two takeaways and four sacks.
“I really felt the running and hitting coming to life,” Quinn said.
sacked ✅
recovered ✅📺 #WASvsMIA @WUSA9 pic.twitter.com/E9QRJUkDd8
— Washington Commanders (@Commanders) August 18, 2024
Washington sat fewer players than in the road loss against the New York Jets. The defense competed without linemen Jonathan Allen, Daron Payne, Clelin Ferrell, Dante Fowler Jr., and five linebackers, led by Bobby Wagner. Wagner’s tag-team partner, Frankie Luvu, flew around the field in limited work, finishing with four tackles.
Quarterbacks Marcus Mariota (groin) and Sam Hartman (shoulder), offensive tackle Brandon Coleman (shoulder strain), and tight end Zach Ertz (personal) were out. Miami played without star receivers Tyreek Hill and Jaylen Waddle and cornerback Jalen Ramsey.
Daniels showed no stress in executing Washington’s up-tempo approach, getting teammates quickly to the line of scrimmage and adroitly reading the defense. If Daniels doesn’t dress for the Aug. 25 meeting at Commanders Field against the New England Patriots — good bet he sits — he finishes his first preseason 12-of-15 for 123 yards with 16 rushing yards and one rushing touchdown.
Kingsbury shared his intentions for Saturday’s plan with The Athletic, starting with the desire to show little strategy, knowing future foes are watching. Base schemes. Linemen trying to move people at the point of attack without a chip or double-team. Receivers aiming to win one-on-one matchups in space. The game tape will reveal details on those fronts to the staff. Kingsbury’s other checklist item — pushing the tempo — requires no review.
Washington moved quickly on drives of 10 plays (for 46 yards) and nine plays (52 yards) with Daniels at ease, though both possessions ended with field goal attempts from outside the 20-yard line. Kingsbury put Daniels in the pistol almost exclusively, with variance in personnel and formation.
Three-receiver sets were the primary formation unofficially, including on a pair of 11-yard power runs by Brian Robinson Jr. to kickstart the second drive. Using four receivers is a Kingsbury staple. That’s what Washington deployed on a third-and-3 from its 45-yard line with Daniels feeding Terry McLaurin at the line marker and the receiver breaking free for 20 yards. The drive stalled, and kicker Riley Patterson missed a 49-yard field goal try wide left.
The next possession extended into the second quarter and took longer than desired thanks to two penalties, both on right tackle Andrew Wylie. A holding call on third-and-1 from Miami’s 22 effectively ended any touchdown hopes.
Jeff Driskel (11-of-15, 82 yards) followed Daniels and flashed his athleticism with a 41-yard run. After signing on Thursday, quarterback Trace McSorley nearly generated a touchdown inside the final minute, but Mitchell Tinsley could not catch the slightly off-target throw at the goal line. Barring the unforeseen, those names won’t play in the regular season for Washington. Even though he has not yet been named the Week 1 starter, Daniels is the guy even after scaring his head coach once again.
BIG gain for @jeffdriskel ‼️
📺 #WASvsMIA @WUSA9 pic.twitter.com/Mb7E8YNM1y
— Washington Commanders (@Commanders) August 17, 2024
“I thought (Jayden) had another really good outing,” Quinn said. “The decision-making of where to go (with passes). He really is a unique competitor. But, yes, he is definitely in trouble again with the head coach.”
Other notes from Washington’s second preseason game
• Patterson, coming off a perfect 6-of-6 showing in Thursday’s joint practice, accounted for Washington’s only points with field goals from 46 and 38 yards. He also missed a pair, the second coming on a 43-yard attempt, continuing an erratic summer. Signed early in training camp, the ex-Jacksonville Jaguar is the only kicker on the roster after the team released Ramiz Ahmed following the Jets game.
Quinn supported Patterson after the loss. Still, the Commanders will eventually add another kicker or two, though they might wait until teams trim rosters to 53 players.
• The WR2 competition remains fluid as the candidates were limited to underneath throws. Dyami Brown caught three passes for 19 yards on the first drive. Olamide Zaccheaus finished with two for 9 yards, while Jahan Dotson’s lone catch on two targets went for 3 yards.
• Seventh-round edge rusher Javontae Jean-Baptiste, playing ahead of Davis, also had a sack. Washington’s coaches seem pleased with Davis’ effort while switching from linebacker to defensive end. Davis’ physical tools are prominent, as is the 2021 first-round pick’s growth this summer. However, he remains behind other defensive ends, including another player standing out, KJ Henry. Keeping Davis and Jean-Baptiste is conceivable if Washington is willing to keep six defensive ends. That might be challenging if UDFA standout Tyler Owens leads to holding space for seven safeties.
• The returner experimentation continued. Kazmeir Allen averaged 19.5 yards on two kick returns and 3.0 yards on a pair of punt returns. The Commanders also wanted to give the wide receiver an opportunity at running back, and the speed threat had 13 yards on three carries. Allen also turned the ball over with a fumble. Last year’s staff hoped to get Allen on the main roster, but he wasn’t ready. Another opportunity is here. He’ll have next week’s finale to show he belongs.
(Photo: Kevin Sabitus / Getty Images)
Culture
Why Guardiola, Maresca and Salah love chess: Space, patterns and 'controlling the centre'
![Why Guardiola, Maresca and Salah love chess: Space, patterns and 'controlling the centre' Why Guardiola, Maresca and Salah love chess: Space, patterns and 'controlling the centre'](https://cdn.theathletic.com/app/uploads/2024/08/18020655/18-08-chess.jpg)
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What do Pep Guardiola and Enzo Maresca have in common?
Coaches wedded to a certain style of football? Midfielders who became managers? Worked together at Manchester City? Bald? All of these things are true, but that’s not the answer we have on the card.
The answer we’re looking for? Chess.
Both men, who meet at Stamford Bridge this afternoon, are keen proponents of the idea that football can learn plenty from chess, and they as coaches can take valuable lessons from it too.
After leaving Barcelona in 2012, Guardiola took a sabbatical and travelled to New York, where he met with Garry Kasparov, the Russian grandmaster. He has also studied the methods of the world’s top-ranked chess player, Magnus Carlsen.
“You have no idea how similar the two things are,” Guardiola said in Pep Confidential, Marti Perarnau’s book about his first season at Bayern Munich. “There was one thing Carlsen said that I loved. He said that it doesn’t matter if he has to make some sacrifices at the start of the game because he knows he is strongest in the latter stages. It got me thinking and I must learn how I can apply it to football.”
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Maresca dedicated large tracts of his 7,000-word coaching thesis, written for his diploma at the Italian coaching school Coverciano, to chess. “A coach can only benefit from acquiring the mind of a good chess player,” Maresca wrote. “I concluded that playing chess can train the mind of a coach. The fundamental element of chess is the logic that leads a player to understand and thus predict the opponents’ moves.”
Maresca also highlighted the two games’ tactical similarities. “The chess board is like a football pitch that can be divided into three channels — a central one and two external ones. In football as in chess, an inside game can be more interesting as it’s the quickest and most direct towards goal or the king.”
The similarities in how space is used also came up in an interview with Carlsen and Guardiola. “In chess and football, the important thing is to control the middle,” Carlsen said as Guardiola looked on, rapt. “If you control the middle, you control the pitch or the board. Another thing is that in chess, you attack on one side, so you overload, and then you switch so you have an advantage on the other side. In terms of space, it’s remarkably similar.”
https://t.co/YJ6z1TzEGC pic.twitter.com/FGoU6mn02M
— Jon Mackenzie (@Jon_Mackenzie) December 12, 2023
Most people reading this piece will know why ‘controlling the middle’ is important in football, but an explanation in chess might be worth making. “Each of the pieces moves differently, but nearly all of them are better in the centre,” Gawain Jones, a grandmaster who recently won his third British Championship, tells The Athletic.
“It’s one of the first maxims you are taught: get your pieces out and control the centre squares, and starve your opponent of space and they’re hemmed in at the sides. The knights are referred to as ‘octopuses’ because they can move to eight squares, whereas if they’re at the side they can only go to three or four.”
In his book Football and Chess: Tactics, Strategy, Beauty, Adam Wells draws further parallels. “At the most fundamental level,” Wells writes, “football and chess involve using space effectively and getting the timing right to break down an opponent’s defence while preventing them from breaking down yours.
“And that’s it. There are very few limiting rules. There are no complicated scoring systems or procedures of play that have to be followed. It is clear cut: you must capture pieces or score goals while staying within the confines of the board or pitch.’
The list of football coaches and managers who apply chess to their profession is lengthy. During the European Championship this summer, Switzerland coach Murat Yakin was asked about a match being a ‘poker game’, to which he responded that he doesn’t like poker because too much depends on what hand you are given, and that he prefers chess.
“There are certainly parallels when it comes to tactics,” he told magazine Schweizer Illustrierte before the tournament. “I explain simple (chess) moves to my daughters: which steps they can make with which piece, how they have to think ahead and how to safeguard their tactics. If I set a strategy for the team, I have to be able to explain easily what I mean exactly.”
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Rafa Benitez is a keen — and very competitive — player, which fits with the perception of a manager who doesn’t so much see 11 human beings running around on a football pitch, more 11 pieces that he emotionlessly shifts.
Maybe the most enthusiastic chess player in football management is former Barcelona and Villarreal coach Quique Setien, who used to compete in tournaments. At one point, he was so highly rated that, according to an interview with the Spanish newspaper Marca, he could have represented “51 of the countries at the Chess Olympiad”.
“As many as you wish to find,” he told Marca when asked about the similarities between football and chess. “You can be an offensive player, but you always need to control what’s going on in your camp, without leaving pieces unattended, in a synchronised way. The same happens in football when you have a coordinated team, in which all the players are connecting.”
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Borussia Dortmund coach Mathias Kolodziej is watched by staff and players (Alexandre Simoes/Borussia Dortmund/Getty Images)
Perhaps slightly more surprising is the number of footballers who swear by chess.
Mohamed Salah told Sky Sports in 2023 that he was “addicted” and is rated at around 1,400, which, according to Chess.com, puts him somewhere between ‘decent’ and ‘proficient’. Salah mostly plays online, with a username that is his actual name with a bunch of numbers after it: he said he enjoys messing with people who ask him if he actually is Mohamed Salah.
Christian Pulisic almost seems to play as much chess as he does football: for him it’s partly an emotional connection, having been taught the game by his grandfather (he has a tattoo of a queen on his arm, with Mate, his grandfather’s name, beneath it), and partly a distraction because he started playing again regularly during the Covid-19 pandemic.
“It’s an incredible game that can help you with a lot of things, like problem-solving or seeing different patterns,” Pulisic told the Daily Mail in 2021. “I’m not saying it directly correlates to me being a better footballer but it’s certainly better than staring at a screen, gaming. It can really help you to stay sharp in your head — you have to think very quickly.”
New Barcelona midfielder Dani Olmo believes chess can inform his use of space. “On the pitch, I try to think about every movement,” he told Sky Sports, “not just to move left because the ball is going left. I am always trying to find the best solutions when I have the ball and when I do not have the ball. Either for me or the team-mate, to create space for other guys or even for myself.”
This tallies with something Jones tells The Athletic. “Chess tactics tend to focus on pattern recognition,” he says, “recognising that there is something not quite right with the opposition’s tactics.”
For Anthony Gordon and Trent Alexander-Arnold, chess is more akin to brain training. “Chess is a life skill because it applies to everything,” Gordon told the BBC this year. “It’s a very peaceful game. It gets my brain working, which I love.”
Alexander-Arnold played Carlsen in a game arranged by sponsors in 2018: predictably he was routed in 17 moves, but you don’t have to be able to compete with the best player in the world to benefit. “It helps with concentration,” Alexander-Arnold said. “Because it takes a lot of concentration throughout both games to really focus on what your opponent is doing and how they’re trying to attack and hurt you. I think you can take notes from both of them and use them in each other’s games.”
The Liverpool defender isn’t the only player who has faced Carlsen, himself an almost obsessive football fan who, for a while, topped the world rankings in Fantasy Premier League. Pulisic, Martin Odegaard and former Real Madrid midfielder Esteban Granero are among those who have faced Carlsen.
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Magnus Carlsen, chess champion, FPL master (Koen Suyk/ANP/AFP/Getty Images)
Others just use it to pass the time: Harry Kane took up chess after watching Netflix drama The Queen’s Gambit and has continued at Bayern Munich, playing against team-mates Joshua Kimmich and Kingsley Coman. “I use chess to switch off,” Kane told GQ. “It’s such a mental game. You have to focus on every moment, every move.”
During Euro 2024, the Netherlands squad travelled around Germany by train and on these long journeys, Bart Verbruggen and defender Stefan de Vrij would set up a board and play a game or two.
Chess also has a firm place in the language of football, but perhaps erroneously. When a match is likened to ‘a game of chess’, it’s normally a cypher for ‘this game is slow and boring’.
A more generous interpretation would describe a very controlled, cagey match, which fits the perception of chess. Jones argues that chess is a much more reactive game than that, which strengthens the link between it and football. “It’s much more chaotic than we would like to think,” he says. “It’s good to have a long-term plan, but you can’t just stick to it: it’s all about adapting your plan to what your opponent is doing. From that perspective, it’s much more like a team sport. You have to be reactive.”
Players or coaches are often said to be thinking three or four moves ahead, but that’s a misnomer. “I don’t think it’s that practical,” says Jones. “It’s more about thinking one move ahead. It’s just about making the right move. There’s always the idea of balancing your plan and your opponent’s. There will be some calculation involved, but chess is understood as a much more dry, mathematical game than it actually is.”
There are reasons to be sceptical about the influence of chess on football. The obvious difference is footballers are sentient while chess pieces are not: a chess player can have a plan and enact it while only worrying about their opponent, whereas a football coach has to rely on 11 independent human beings doing as they’re told.
But even if the realistic influence is relatively thin, there are ‘marginal gains’ that explain why coaches are so keen on chess. Someone like Guardiola will do or study almost anything if they think it will give them even the smallest advantage. “He does it with anyone who can contribute any small idea to continue progressing,” Marti Perarnau, Guardiola’s biographer, told the Spanish journalist Kike Marin about the manager’s meetings with Carlsen.
Like anyone who is good at anything, Guardiola and other football managers take inspiration and influence from many different sources, but that so many elite figures look to chess tells you the strength of its influence.
“If we’re the ones initiating the action, as opposed to simply reacting, then we’ll control the flow of the game,” Guardiola says in Perarnau’s book Pep Guardiola: The Evolution when describing similarities between chess and football. “The opponents then have to react to what we do, which automatically means a limited choice of options. It makes them more predictable.
“It’s a cycle: you take control, show that you have the upper hand and then you slam home your advantage… this is what it means to eclipse the opposition.”
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