Business
From Silicon Valley to Hollywood, why California’s job market is taking a hit
California is among the world’s largest economies, but the engines that drive it haven’t been firing on all cylinders.
The state has been buffeted by a litany of layoffs this year from Hollywood to Silicon Valley — and beyond. Economists cite several explanations, including contraction in the entertainment industry, displacements caused by artificial intelligence and overall uncertainty in the national economy.
This year, thousands of workers at Amazon, Intel, Salesforce, Meta, Paramount, Warner Bros. and Walt Disney Co. have lost their jobs. Even Apple just announced a rare round of cuts.
Seemingly no corner of entertainment and tech has been immune from the cost-cutting that has put workers on edge.
“People are hunkering down because they think a storm is coming,” UC Berkeley labor economist Jesse Rothstein said.
Through October there were 158,734 layoffs announced in California, compared with 136,661 for the same period last year. That was the most of any state, lagging behind only Washington, D.C., which has been hit hard by federal downsizing, according to outplacement firm Challenger, Gray & Christmas Inc.
Nationwide, the layoffs have topped 1 million so far for the year, the most since the pandemic, according to Challenger.
As in the late 1990s, there’s a disruptive technology at play again — artificial intelligence, which is fueling a Silicon Valley investment boom reminiscent of the build-up to the last tech bust.
AI has been cited in more than 48,000 of the U.S. job cuts this year, with about 31,000 of those taking place in October alone, Challenger said.
“AI is replacing some of the entry-level jobs in tech. And yes, AI is actually replacing some jobs in Hollywood,” said economist Chris Thornberg, founding partner at Beacon Economics in Los Angeles.
Other factors are at work too. Intel Chief Executive Lip-Bu Tan emailed employees after the company lost $821 million in the first quarter that becoming more efficient was key to a turnaround. “I’m a big believer in the philosophy that the best leaders get the most done with the fewest people,” he wrote.
The layoffs have challenged the notion that engineering jobs are a safe and sure path to success, perhaps in a way not since the first tech bust.
The mood is glum as well in Hollywood, where a succession of challenges from the COVID-19 pandemic, the dual writers’ and actors’ strikes in 2023 and runaway production to other locales has taken a toll — and that was before the current wave of consolidations that is threatening more job losses, with Warner Bros. the latest studio on the block.
The downsizing has contributed to California having the highest unemployment rate in the nation at 5.5% in August, with the exception of Washington, D.C. — though the state’s large farm economy with its agricultural workforce is a big contributor to its persistently high rate, Thornberg said.
The rate is unchanged from July but up from 5.3% a year earlier. (More recent figures have been delayed by the government shutdown.)
The job insecurity is reflected in the percentage of workers quitting their jobs, which fell to 1.9% in August, a 10-year low.
Yet for all the doom and gloom, there isn’t any consensus that the local, state or national economies are heading into a recession, even with President Trump’s erratic tariff and immigration policies that have whipsawed industries and created economic uncertainty for businesses.
Part of the reason is that job creation has held up, with the most recent report last week showing the economy added 119,000 nonfarm jobs in September, exceeding forecasts, even as the unemployment rate edged up a tenth of a point to 4.4%.
Another significant reason, of course, is the river of money flowing into AI. Last year, private investment in AI totaled about $109 billion in the U.S., with China and the U.K. under $10 billion, according to the Stanford Institute for Human-Centered Artificial Intelligence.
By one estimate, Silicon Valley tech giants will invest more than $400 billion this year in AI data centers. Amazon, which recently announced plans to cut 14,000 corporate jobs, said this week that it would invest up to $50 billion to expand its AI and supercomputing services for the U.S. government.
Moody’s Analytics estimates AI spending this year has so far added more than half a point to GDP and is helping keep the U.S. out of a recession.
Now, the bigger fear is that the spending is feeding a gigantic stock market bubble that has benefited higher-income consumers — while middle-class and lower-income workers worry more about keeping a job and a roof over their heads.
The volatile market was calmed last week only when AI chipmaker Nvidia reported strong earnings.
The University of Michigan’s consumer sentiment index fell to 51.0 this month, down from 53.6 in October, with a number above 50 indicating a positive sentiment. Survey economists point to persistent inflation and the loss of income.
To put the statistic into perspective, the index is lower than at the height of the Great Recession in 2008, and reflects what is called a K-shaped economy, with higher earners spending and lower earners not.
The effect has been so profound it’s not just reflected in the growth of luxury sales but in who’s spending at America’s two great consumer bellwethers — McDonald’s and Walmart.
Prices have risen so high at the country’s largest burger chain that sales to low-income customers have fallen while higher-income consumers are spending more. Walmart noted the same dynamic in its own earnings report last week.
Raul Anaya, co-head of business banking for Bank of America and president of its Greater Los Angeles operations, said that while layoffs by large companies are drawing attention, the bank’s recent survey of small and medium-sized business owners shows they are cautiously optimistic about the economy.
The survey, conducted in September, found that 74% think their revenue will increase in the next 12 months, though they would like to see a stabilization of tariff policies and a reduction in inflation and interest rates. Only 1% expected to lay off employees, while 43% said they expected to hire more workers.
“That’s fairly consistent with what I’m hearing from CEOs that I’ve been spending time with either over lunch or dinners that I regularly host throughout the last several months,” he said. He noted the Los Angeles region in particular is benefiting from the growth of aerospace and defense.
“There are those companies that are serving some of these growing industries that continue to build a greater presence in Southern California or L.A. They’re part of the supply chain ecosystem of these broader industry concentrations,” he said.
In another positive sign, venture capital investments in the region more than doubled to $5.8 billion in the second quarter, compared with a year earlier. Costa Mesa-based defense tech company Anduril received the most funding, raising a $2.5-billion funding round, according to research firm CB Insights.
That kind of money has spurred a hiring spree among scores of aerospace and defense tech companies, many of which were started by former employees of SpaceX, which has large operations in Hawthorne.
A report this year by the Los Angeles County Economic Development Corp. found the county’s aerospace and defense industries added 11,000 jobs between 2022 and 2024, with an average wage of $141,110.
And while high, the county’s unemployment rate of 5.7% in August is lower than a year earlier, when it was 6.1%.
Vast, a Long Beach company building a space station, started in 2021 with just a few dozen employees. A few months ago the figure was close to 1,000 and they were working in a recently expanded 189,000-square-foot headquarters complex — to cite just one example.
“There’s a lot of mixed readings out there. If you look at one set of indicators, you’ll see one economy. You look at the other set, you’ll see a different economy,” Thornberg said. “This is the strangest economy I have seen in 25 years I have been in this business.”
Business
Versant launches, Comcast spins off E!, CNBC and MS NOW
Comcast has officially spun off its cable channels, including CNBC and MS NOW, into a separate company, Versant Media Group.
The transaction was completed late Friday. On Monday, Versant took a major tumble in its stock market debut — providing a key test of investors’ willingness to hold on to legacy cable channels.
The initial outlook wasn’t pretty, providing awkward moments for CNBC anchors reporting the story.
Versant fell 13% to $40.57 a share on its inaugural trading day. The stock opened Monday on Nasdaq at $45.17 per share.
Comcast opted to cast off the still-profitable cable channels, except for the perennially popular Bravo, as Wall Street has soured on the business, which has been contracting amid a consumer shift to streaming.
Versant’s market performance will be closely watched as Warner Bros. Discovery attempts to separate its cable channels, including CNN, TBS and Food Network, from Warner Bros. studios and HBO later this year. Warner Chief Executive David Zaslav’s plan, which is scheduled to take place in the summer, is being contested by the Ellison family’s Paramount, which has launched a hostile bid for all of Warner Bros. Discovery.
Warner Bros. Discovery has agreed to sell itself to Netflix in an $82.7-billion deal.
The market’s distaste for cable channels has been playing out in recent years. Paramount found itself on the auction block two years ago, in part because of the weight of its struggling cable channels, including Nickelodeon, Comedy Central and MTV.
Management of the New York-based Versant, including longtime NBCUniversal sports and television executive Mark Lazarus, has been bullish on the company’s balance sheet and its prospects for growth. Versant also includes USA Network, Golf Channel, Oxygen, E!, Syfy, Fandango, Rotten Tomatoes, GolfNow, GolfPass and SportsEngine.
“As a standalone company, we enter the market with the scale, strategy and leadership to grow and evolve our business model,” Lazarus, who is Versant’s chief executive, said Monday in a statement.
Through the spin-off, Comcast shareholders received one share of Versant Class A common stock or Versant Class B common stock for every 25 shares of Comcast Class A common stock or Comcast Class B common stock, respectively. The Versant shares were distributed after the close of Comcast trading Friday.
Comcast gained about 3% on Monday, trading around $28.50.
Comcast Chairman Brian Roberts holds 33% of Versant’s controlling shares.
Business
Ties between California and Venezuela go back more than a century with Chevron
As a stunned world processes the U.S. government’s sudden intervention in Venezuela — debating its legality, guessing who the ultimate winners and losers will be — a company founded in California with deep ties to the Golden State could be among the prime beneficiaries.
Venezuela has the largest proven oil reserves on the planet. Chevron, the international petroleum conglomerate with a massive refinery in El Segundo and headquartered, until recently, in San Ramon, is the only foreign oil company that has continued operating there through decades of revolution.
Other major oil companies, including ConocoPhillips and Exxon Mobil, pulled out of Venezuela in 2007 when then-President Hugo Chávez required them to surrender majority ownership of their operations to the country’s state-controlled oil company, PDVSA.
But Chevron remained, playing the “long game,” according to industry analysts, hoping to someday resume reaping big profits from the investments the company started making there almost a century ago.
Looks like that bet might finally pay off.
In his news conference Saturday, after U.S. Special Forces snatched Venezuelan President Nicolás Maduro and his wife in Caracas and extradited them to face drug-trafficking charges in New York, President Trump said the U.S. would “run” Venezuela and open more of its massive oil reserves to American corporations.
“We’re going to have our very large U.S. oil companies, the biggest anywhere in the world, go in, spend billions of dollars, fix the badly broken infrastructure, the oil infrastructure, and start making money for the country,” Trump said during a news conference Saturday.
While oil industry analysts temper expectations by warning it could take years to start extracting significant profits given Venezuela’s long-neglected, dilapidated infrastructure, and everyday Venezuelans worry about the proceeds flowing out of the country and into the pockets of U.S. investors, there’s one group who could be forgiven for jumping with unreserved joy: Chevron insiders who championed the decision to remain in Venezuela all these years.
But the company’s official response to the stunning turn of events has been poker-faced.
“Chevron remains focused on the safety and well-being of our employees, as well as the integrity of our assets,” spokesman Bill Turenne emailed The Times on Sunday, the same statement the company sent to news outlets all weekend. “We continue to operate in full compliance with all relevant laws and regulations.”
Turenne did not respond to questions about the possible financial rewards for the company stemming from this weekend’s U.S. military action.
Chevron, which is a direct descendant of a small oil company founded in Southern California in the 1870s, has grown into a $300-billion global corporation. It was headquartered in San Ramon, just outside of San Francisco, until executives announced in August 2024 that they were fleeing high-cost California for Houston.
Texas’ relatively low taxes and light regulation have been a beacon for many California companies, and most of Chevron’s competitors are based there.
Chevron began exploring in Venezuela in the early 1920s, according to the company’s website, and ramped up operations after discovering the massive Boscan oil field in the 1940s. Over the decades, it grew into Venezuela’s largest foreign investor.
The company held on over the decades as Venezuela’s government moved steadily to the left; it began to nationalize the oil industry by creating a state-owned petroleum company in 1976, and then demanded majority ownership of foreign oil assets in 2007, under then-President Hugo Chávez.
Venezuela has the world’s largest proven crude oil reserves — meaning they’re economical to tap — about 303 billion barrels, according to the U.S. Energy Information Administration.
But even with those massive reserves, Venezuela has been producing less than 1% of the world’s crude oil supply. Production has steadily declined from the 3.5 million barrels per day pumped in 1999 to just over 1 million barrels per day now.
Currently, Chevron’s operations in Venezuela employ about 3,000 people and produce between 250,000 and 300,000 barrels of oil per day, according to published reports.
That’s less than 10% of the roughly 3 million barrels the company produces from holdings scattered across the globe, from the Gulf of Mexico to Kazakhstan and Australia.
But some analysts are optimistic that Venezuela could double or triple its current output relatively quickly — which could lead to a windfall for Chevron.
The Associated Press contributed to this report.
Business
‘Stranger Things’ finale turns box office downside up pulling in an estimated $25 million
The finale of Netflix’s blockbuster series “Stranger Things” gave movie theaters a much needed jolt, generating an estimated $20 to $25 million at the box office, according to multiple reports.
Matt and Ross Duffer’s supernatural thriller debuted simultaneously on the streaming platform and some 600 cinemas on New Year’s Eve and held encore showings all through New Year’s Day.
Owing to the cast’s contractual terms for residuals, theaters could not charge for tickets. Instead, fans reserved seats for performances directly from theaters, paying for mandatory food and beverage vouchers. AMC and Cinemark Theatres charged $20 for the concession vouchers while Regal Cinemas charged $11 — in homage to the show’s lead character, Eleven, played by Millie Bobby Brown.
AMC Theatres, the world’s largest theater chain, played the finale at 231 of its theaters across the U.S. — which accounted for one-third of all theaters that held screenings over the holiday.
The chain said that more than 753,000 viewers attended a performance at one of its cinemas over two days, bringing in more than $15 million.
Expectations for the theater showing was high.
“Our year ends on a high: Netflix’s Strangers Things series finale to show in many AMC theatres this week. Two days only New Year’s Eve and Jan 1.,” tweeted AMC’s CEO Adam Aron on Dec. 30. “Theatres are packed. Many sellouts but seats still available. How many Stranger Things tickets do you think AMC will sell?”
It was a rare win for the lagging domestic box office.
In 2025, revenue in the U.S. and Canada was expected to reach $8.87 billion, which was marginally better than 2024 and only 20% more than pre-pandemic levels, according to movie data firm Comscore.
With few exceptions, moviegoers have stayed home. As of Dec. 25., only an estimated 760 million tickets were sold, according to media and entertainment data firm EntTelligence, compared with 2024, during which total ticket sales exceeded 800 million.
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