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Soybeans: Grown, but rarely eaten, in Illinois – Evanston Now

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Soybeans: Grown, but rarely eaten, in Illinois – Evanston Now


Quick summary
  • Illinois grows more soybeans than any other state, but almost none end up as food on Illinois plates.
  • With a trade war freezing exports to China — one of the biggest buyers of Illinois soybeans — the state faces an agricultural crisis, and pressure is growing on farmers to bring more soybeans to market as food instead of commodity products.
  • For Illinois farmers, the math is tough: Food-grade soybeans require older genetics that yield 10-15 fewer bushels per acre, and commodity soybeans are more lucrative.
  • Still, some entrepreneurial companies are working to market soy products ranging from soy milk to tofu and more.

CHICAGO — Inside a factory on Chicago’s North Side, the smell of simmering soybeans drifts through the air. On a typical day, “I use about 4,000 pounds of dry beans,” Jenny Yang said.

She and her team grind, cook and press thousands of pounds of soybeans into silky tofu and rich soy milk — the taste of home for Yang and for many who grew up with tofu on the table.

“She still makes it the same way — no preservatives, made mostly by hand,” said Bob Lum, a longtime friend of Yang who helps with the business. Her company, Phoenix Bean, has been making tofu and soy milk this way since she bought it in 2006. It is one of the few businesses in the state that uses Illinois food-grade, non-GMO, or non-genetically modified organism, soybeans, sourced directly from local farms like Janie’s Mill in Ashkum.

“I know them since back in the day, like at least 10, 15 years,” Yang said. “This is a good, very good partnership.”

Workers at the Phoenix Bean factory in Chicago assemble blocks of fresh tofu coming off the production line. (Medill Illinois News Bureau photo by Tara Sun)

Illinois grows more soybeans than any other state, harvesting more than 639 million bushels in 2025, well ahead of Iowa’s 595 million bushels and Minnesota’s 371 million bushels. Lawmakers designated the soybean as the official State Bean in 2025, effective Jan. 1, 2026, with Sen. Doris Turner, D-Springfield, who chairs the Senate Agriculture Committee, calling Decatur the “soybean capital of the world.”

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But almost none of those millions of bushels end up as food on Illinois plates. According to the Illinois Soybean Association, 60% of soybeans grown in the state are exported; most of the remaining 40% are processed as animal feed, leaving the state reliant on imports for its soy food.

“Ninety-five percent of food consumed in the state of Illinois is imported,” said Rep. Sonya Harper, D-Chicago, chair of the House Agriculture and Conservation Committee, speaking of Illinois food crops. “If there were any type of natural disaster, Illinois only has enough food that will last us for three days.”

In 2025, with a trade war freezing exports to China — one of the biggest buyers of Illinois soybeans — Gov. JB Pritzker declared an “Agricultural Export Crisis” on Oct. 29 and directed state agencies to enhance domestic markets. For farmers and food producers, the pressure has made the need for local infrastructure more urgent than ever, raising the question of whether more of Illinois’ own crops, especially soybeans, can finally start feeding more Illinoisans.

Harper said more effort and massive investment are needed. She sponsored the Local Food Infrastructure Grant program, which provides local farmers with small grants for processing, storage and distribution. She worked closely with the Illinois Stewardship Alliance, a policy advocate for local food and farm communities, to build legislative momentum.

“We have some of the best soil, the best farmland,” Harper said. “No matter where you are, urban, suburban and rural — we need to be producing more food in the state.”

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She described local food production as a win-win that will help create jobs and generate revenue.

soybean field
A vibrant field of food-grade soybeans enters the growing season. (Photo courtesy United Soybean Board)

Her downstate colleague, Rep. Charlie Meier, R-Okawville, a farmer himself who raises about 1,000 acres of soybeans every year, noted that farmers follow price signals.

“We are very conservative, and we do everything the same,” Meier said. “But at the same time, we must be able to change everything in a drop of a second, and we will go wherever the markets are.”

For Illinois farmers, the math is brutal. Food-grade soybeans require older genetics that yield 10 to 15 fewer bushels per acre. Jeff O’Connor, a northern Illinois farmer who has grown food-grade soybeans, said his commodity soybeans averaged in the low 70s bushels per acre last year. His food-grade soybeans, which use varieties more than a decade old, yielded in the low 60s.

Weed control is another issue. Unlike commodity soy, which allows for certain herbicides, food-grade soybeans are non-GMOs, so farmers can’t use any of those chemicals. Furthermore, fields often look unkept.

“You can’t do that again,” one landowner told O’Connor after a season of raising food-grade soybeans. “I don’t care if we made a little more money. They looked terrible.”

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soybeans are poured
A golden stream of food-grade soybeans pours from a harvester. (Photo courtesy United Soybean Board)

O’Connor, who has grown food-grade beans for large buyers like Danone, is planting none this year. In 2025, the premium for non-GMO, food-grade soybeans averaged $2.53 per bushel on top of the $10.50 commodity soybeans price, bringing the total to approximately $13.03 per bushel.

But that extra money, he said, no longer offsets the lower yield, the extra labor, the equipment cleaning, storage segregation and the weed pressure. For many Illinois farmers, switching from commodity soybeans to food-grade soybeans remains a hard sell.

The math is reflected across Illinois. Todd Main, the director of market development for the Illinois Soybean Association, confirmed this tension. While food-grade soybeans are a fast-growing sector, “it’s a relatively small portion of the overall market. Is it fast-growing? Yes,” he said. “But in volume, not so much.”

Main pointed to longer-term shifts in global demand. Despite the ongoing crisis with China’s market shrinking, he noted that the association has been exploring new markets in Africa, Southeast Asia and India for soybean exports. But those new trade relationships can take years to build. Under the trade truce announced at the Busan Summit in late 2025, China pledged to purchase 12 million metric tons of U.S. soybeans by year’s-end, with annual targets of 25 million metric tons through 2028.

Now, with the truce remaining in effect, no formal long-term purchase agreement has been signed. Returning from a summit to Beijing earlier this month, President Donald Trump said, “The farmers are going to be very happy. They’re (China) going to be buying billions of dollars of soybeans.”

The White House said China had agreed to buy at least $17 billion of U.S. agricultural products annually through 2028, on top of those soybean commitments. Beijing has not publicly confirmed the figure.

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The lack of a stable export outlook has highlighted the need for better local infrastructure. Main pointed to a specific priority: bridges. An efficient network of roads, rails and waterways has long been the competitive advantage for U.S. soy in global markets. About 30% of county bridges in Illinois are load-restricted or in poor condition, Main said. “Every dollar we invest in those bridges, we get more than almost $5 back.”

That economic return comes from shorter travel times, less wear on vehicles and lower fuel costs. Gov. JB Pritzker announced a $50.6 billion, six-year infrastructure plan on Oct. 1, 2025 — the largest in state history — which includes $32.5 billion for state roads and bridges. Without those repairs, farmers face significant drawbacks in getting their beans to market.

The gap in Illinois is widening. Demand for soy milk and tofu is growing: Phoenix Bean is currently expanding its USDA-certified organic soybean products from Whole Foods shelves in the Midwest and Northeast to Sprouts shelves in California, distributing nationwide.

“It’s very difficult to find an organic farmer,” Yang said.

Yet O’Connor and other Illinois farmers are turning away from growing food-grade soybeans.

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bag of soybeans
Totes of organic food-grade soybeans are delivered from a local farm to Phoenix Bean. (Medill Illinois News Bureau photo by Tara Sun)

“When we’re planting a crop here, we’re trying to decide which crop we’re going to lose the least money on,” said Meier.

For him, farming is more than a business. “The farm is a member of the family. It’s been here for generations.”

He emphasized that farming practices have improved dramatically, but the economic pressure remains. Until food-grade prices rise significantly, most farmers will stick with commodity soybeans.

For Harper, the Local Food Infrastructure Grant is a long-term investment, not a quick fix. The program’s $3.6 million is a fraction of what is needed.

“Food prices are rising across Illinois and investing in local food infrastructure is essential,” she said. “But we are still far away from actual investment and implementation.”

Temporary relief for Illinois soybean farmers is scarce. The gap between what Illinois grows and what Illinois eats remains wide. Shifting Illinois soybean production toward the domestic food market seems difficult in the short term.

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The question lingers: Can Illinois feed itself its own soybeans?

“You have to start somewhere,” Harper said.




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Data center fears mount after Illinois village residents prepare for the worst

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Data center fears mount after Illinois village residents prepare for the worst


It’s been two days since we first told you about Constellation Energy buying several hundred acres of land in or near the Village of Essex and it’s still anyone’s guess what they are going to do with all of that land.

Fox Chicago’s Unit 32 brought you this story and our Bret Buganski is still on the hunt for some answers.

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“My thought is, well, I think we lost our butts and our house because we bought it at the premium golf course price and now we are essentially could be having a data center in our backyard,” Essex resident Taylor Gunier said.

Gunier and her family moved into this house last summer.

She has spent the last year working with other concerned residents to figure out what Constellation is going to do with the 700 acres of land they have purchased in and around Essex from June 2025 to February 2026.

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Data center in Essex?

The backstory:

Following a Freedom of Information request to the Kankakee County Recorder, a Unit 32 investigation found Constellation spent $47.5 million dollars in fourteen different land deals.  

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Property records reviewed by Fox Chicago show the company purchased at least 505 acres in just nine months. The total is likely higher because some of the public records did not include the number of acres sold each time.
Unit 32 also found that two Essex Village Board members were sellers in five of those transactions.

“Essex does not have any industrial zoning ordinances, which I think is part of why Constellation chose us. We would have been an easy target with few regulations for them to abide by,” said Essex resident Kylee Raney.

Raney is part of the Essex Coalition, a group of concerned residents following every move between the Essex Village Board and Constellation Energy.

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It has also been making some of its own moves.

“We’ve worked with a third party consultant and we have built out a draft of industrial zoning ordinances. They are based off of the Kankakee County industrial zoning ordinances along with some ordinances from Yorkville and the data center that is being built there. So we made sure to keep the language broad so it could cover a multitude of industrial uses, but we wanted to make sure the umbrella of that language included data centers. So we have a petition and we have doubled the numbers of our signatures there. The petition is to urge our village board members to pass industrial zoning ordinances. Even if you don’t know what they’re gonna build, even if Constellation doesn’t have their customer yet, you can put protections, legal protections, legally binding protections in place to ensure that we can mitigate noise pollution, sound pollution, we can monitor water usage. There are lots of avenues that we can take to build out the regulations to protect our future. No matter what happens,” Raney said.

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While Raney says Constellation has not told them what they’re going to use the land for, the village board seems to be taking precautions for a data center.

On their website, the Essex Village Board wrote it “… has issued a formal notice establishing development standards and mitigation requirements for a proposed data center facility that may be located within the village.”

It also posted a letter. The subject line says it is a notice about “development standards and required mitigation response plan” for a data center.

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What they’re saying:

“Now, as far as buying that big land in Illinois, there could be multiple reasons. I don’t know what they’re going do with it,” said Mohammad Shahidapur, a distinguished professor of electrical and computer engineering at the Illinois Institute of Technology.

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Shahidapur has been teaching for 43 years.

Given his background, we asked him for his objective opinion as to what Constellation could be doing with all of this land. 

“They could be building a big solar farm because having a nuclear unit, we can sort of reduce the issues because sun doesn’t shine all the time. So then once the sun is shining, you know, basically, they can sell that and then when the sun is not shining they can replace it by nuclear. That could be one reason. They could be also going after data centers in a sense maybe they’re lining up with some of these tech companies to build more data centers and providing power through their nuclear units, so it’s sort of a joint venture,” Shahidapur said

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The statement Constellation sent us when our story first aired says in part: “Constellation is seeking to annex land into Essex near the Braidwood Clean Energy Center to help the company strategically market the facility’s carbon-free generation to potential future developers.”

“So, obviously, I’m not an insider at the company, but if I’m a betting man, I would bet based on buying a bunch of land, looking to annex it, that they’re looking to build out one of these data centers,” said Andrew Rocco, a stock strategist with Zacks Investment Research based in Chicago.

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Rocco’s focus is on the tech industry and where it overlaps with the energy sector.

So we also asked him for his unofficial analysis on what he thinks Constellation may do with the 700 acres of land they purchased in and around Essex:

“Braidwood is the largest nuclear plant in Illinois. And as I mentioned before, getting these nuclear facilities through the regulatory red tape, even though kind of the Trump administration has said they’re pro-nuclear, but still there’s a ton of regulatory red tape and really nothing has been approved in the last 10 or 20 years. So having this already built out, I think it does around 2,400 megawatts of carbon-free baseload electricity. So this is exactly what these large tech companies are looking for. They’re looking for an immense amount of energy, dependable and clean. Now you can look at natural gas as an alternative to something like this, because obviously the startup costs are going to be lower for natural gas. And natural gas is very, very cheap. And it makes up the most amount of energy produced in the U.S. currently. But once you have a nuclear reactor already running, this one’s been running since the late 80s, you don’t have to worry about that. So the upfront costs have already been paid for. Now they’re looking likely to secure this large plot of land nearby to put a data center in and just connect it right up to that massive nuclear plant.”

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Again — that is Rocco’s unofficial opinion on what Constellation may be doing with all that land.

Unit 32 reached out to Constellation to see if they would tell us what was going to happen with all of the land they bought in and around Essex. They told us that since they do not have a customer, they do not have any plans.

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The Source: The information in this report came from interviews with Essex residents, statements from the Essex Village Board and Constellation Energy along with interviews with stock strategist Andrew Rocco and IIT professor Mohammad Shahidapur.

Data CentersKankakee CountyNewsSpecial Reports



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‘Mini Nerf football’: Hailstone produced during severe storms breaks Illinois record

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‘Mini Nerf football’: Hailstone produced during severe storms breaks Illinois record


A Kankakee 14-year-old discovered a larger-than-average hailstone during severe storms in Illinois. That hailstone broke the record for largest hailstone not just in Illinois but possibly for any place east of the Mississippi River. FOX Chicago meteorologist JD Rudd explains how the hailstone was discovered and how researchers found it broke the record.



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Residents, lawmakers oppose proposed Illinois American Water rate increase at Bolingbrook hearing

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Residents, lawmakers oppose proposed Illinois American Water rate increase at Bolingbrook hearing


BOLINGBROOK, Ill. (WLS) — Dozens of southwest suburban residents and lawmakers voiced opposition Tuesday night to Illinois American Water’s proposed $142 million rate increase during an Illinois Commerce Commission hearing in Bolingbrook.

Nearly every speaker during the first hour of the hearing spoke against the proposal, with many concerns centered on affordability and the impact of higher utility costs on families and seniors.

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Bolingbrook Mayor Mary Alexander-Basta urged regulators to reject the request.

“Water is not a luxury. It is not optional. It is a basic human necessity,” Alexander-Basta said.

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Illinois American Water President Rebecca Losli defended the proposal, saying additional revenue is needed to support infrastructure improvements.

“We do this because of our customers. We are investing in this because of you. We want less water main breaks, and less constructions, less water boil orders. Simply put, continuing to invest in our water infrastructure is critical to ensuring that we provide reliable service to all of you,” Losli said.

According to Illinois American Water, the proposed increase would add about $14 per month for a typical customer using 3,500 gallons of water. Wastewater customers would see an increase of about $28 per month.

Several residents told regulators they are still feeling the effects of the utility’s previous rate increase. Pat Smith described changes she has made to reduce water use.

“I bathe twice a week now, instead of every day. I wear my clothes multiple times before washing,” Smith said. She later added, “This is unacceptable and the longer it goes the worse it’s going to get.”

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Bolingbrook resident Michael Boyd also expressed concern about the proposal’s impact on customers.

“What concerns me is the frequency and size of the proposed increase and what it means for ordinary families who are already struggling,” Boyd said.

Several elected officials also called on the Illinois Commerce Commission to deny the request.

Illinois state Rep. Natalie Manley told attendees, “Just because it’s legal does not make it right.”

Alexander-Basta echoed that sentiment, saying, “Today, Bolingbrook is taking the lead in saying what people across the state have been saying for years: Enough is enough.”

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Additional hearings in the case are scheduled for August. The Illinois Commerce Commission is expected to issue a final decision by Dec. 18.

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