Vermont
Vermont’s adult loon population is at an all-time high, but fewer chicks are surviving – VTDigger
Vermont’s adult loon population is at an all-time high, but scientists have noticed a recent decrease in the number of chicks surviving.
In 2024, Vermont saw a record-breaking 123 nesting pairs, 11 of which landed at first-time nesting sites. Out of the 125 loon chicks that hatched in 2024, 65% survived through the end of August, slightly below the 2004-23 average of 76%, according to the Vermont Center for EcoStudies.
Eric Hanson, a biologist for the Vermont Loon Conservation Project, said the three main reasons for less chick survival are competition, habitat loss, and predation from eagles and other wildlife.
Flooding in Vermont in recent years has contributed to habitat loss and affected nesting success. Twenty-one nests were flooded in the summers of 2023 and 2024, a stark contrast to the one flooded nest reported during the drier summers from 2020 to 2022, according to the center’s 2024 loon season summary.
Nesting loons make their homes in smaller lakes when larger lakes are taken by other pairs of loons with established breeding grounds there. These sites tend to have more marginal habitat, often lacking protective features like marshes or islands. Nests built there are more exposed to predators, such as eagles and snapping turtles. Adults must also leave small lakes to feed in bigger areas where fish are plentiful, and the additional time spent away from their young can lead to their neglect, according to the season summary.
A higher presence of adult loons also creates territorial conflict, resulting in “turf battles” between loons that could prevent a pair from nesting, Hanson said. Chick casualties can also occur during these encounters.
However, lower nesting success rates are part of a natural process as the loon population begins to level out, he said.
“Loons overall are doing really well, and we don’t need to see success all the time,” Hanson said.
Vermont Fish & Wildlife Department Biologist Jillian Killborn said this new phase is a balancing act on the landscape. After years of great success in increasing the loon population, slower growth and productivity is to be expected.
“With any wildlife population, there’s natural checks and balances that are built into populations when they start to get too high or exceed carrying capacity on the landscape,” Killborn said. Now, scientists are figuring out how many loons will remain in Vermont long term and where, she said.
Despite the drop in chick survival rates, Vermont loon chicks do better than those in eastern Maine, New Hampshire and the Adirondack region, according to preliminary data from the Vermont Center for Ecostudies.
Since 1983, volunteers and biologists have been gathering on the third Saturday of July for LoonCount Day, a survey of adult and nesting loons in water bodies statewide. On July 19, Hanson said he expects more than 200 participants to visit 175 lakes in Vermont to tally the number of birds. These efforts are important for tracking loon health, nesting success and the identification of emerging threats, he said.
“We’re just trying to hit everything,” he said. “We’ve expanded that out as loons start to land on smaller ponds compared to what they used to do.”
In tandem with LoonCount Day, the Vermont Loon Conservation Project at the Vermont Center for Ecostudies organizes an annual loon monitoring program, during which volunteers take regular trips to lakes throughout the summer season to post signs in nesting areas and keep tabs on new and known nesting pairs.
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Volunteers paddle to shoreline nesting sites to place signs to alert the public of loon habitats on the Green River Reservoir in spring 2025. Photo by Fiona MacLean courtesy of the Vermont Center for EcoStudies
The nesting signs respectfully ask boaters to give the loons a little space since they are highly territorial, especially during breeding season. If humans get within 10 feet of their nest and the birds feel it’s threatened, they’re more likely to abandon it, Hanson said.
In attempts to curb disruptions along ecologically sensitive shorelines, Vermont passed one of the most protective statewide wake sport regulations in the country in April 2024. However, Hanson said kayakers and people fishing in boats close to the shore create more harm for loons than far-off wake boats.
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Volunteers contribute to monitoring efforts for Vermont’s loons by placing signs along shoreline nesting sites at Green River Reservoir in spring 2025. Photo by Fiona MacLean courtesy of the Vermont Center for EcoStudies
“If we can give them that little bit of space, they’re more likely to hunker down and watch you go by,” he said.
In addition to shoreline disturbances, recreational fishing poses another serious threat to loon survival. After a period of decline, loon deaths due to lead poisoning from ingesting tackle have risen again over the past six years, Hanson said. Ingestion of lead tackle, monofilament fishing line and fishing hooks remains the cause of more than half of loon deaths in Vermont.
Vermont banned the use and sale of small lead sinkers in 2007, but despite the ban’s initial success, loons are still ingesting poisonous tackle, according to Hanson and Killborn. To address the issue, the Vermont Loon Conservation Project partnered with lake associations and the Fish & Wildlife Department last summer to install lead tackle and fishing line collection sites at around 30 public boat access sites, which they plan to add to this year.
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Responsible fishing, boating and recreation are vital to loon health and survival, Killborn and Hanson said. As Vermont’s loon population stabilizes, they emphasized that the next phase of conservation will depend on how well humans learn to share the landscape.
Either way, Killborn said loon numbers are increasing at a sustainable rate, and overpopulation is not yet an issue. “I’m not sure if we’ll ever get there, depending on conditions,” she said.
Vermont’s small towns deliver postcard scenery in every season, and you don’t have to travel far to find one. Stowe has gondola rides at Stowe Mountain Resort and paddleboarding at the Waterbury Reservoir. Montpelier, the state capital, fits a statehouse, a walkable downtown, and a hilltop park into a population of just over 8,000. Richmond anchors the Winooski River valley around an unusual 16-sided church. Seven towns stand out as Vermont’s prettiest.
Bennington
Often cited as the first town chartered in what became Vermont (1749), Bennington pairs a red-brick downtown with the hills of the Green Mountain region in southern Vermont. Streets fan out from the Bennington Battle Monument, a 306-foot stone obelisk that marks a pivotal Revolutionary War engagement. Covered bridges and Victorian architecture like the Park-McCullough House give the town visual range across the year. Bennington is best known for its autumn colors, but winter brings snow-dusted pines and a quieter version of the same scenery.
Montpelier
Montpelier is Vermont’s capital but also the least populous state capital in the country, with just over 8,000 residents. That scale is the point. The Greek Revival State House sits at the edge of a compact downtown of locally owned businesses, and Hubbard Park climbs the hill behind the capitol with trails for hiking and cross-country skiing. Montpelier is also the only U.S. state capital without a McDonald’s. The Winooski River runs through town, and you can walk from a statehouse tour to a riverbank bench in about ten minutes.
Richmond
Vermont gets most of its attention in autumn, and Richmond is no exception, but the town is arguably better in winter. Cochran’s Ski Area, a small family-run hill just outside downtown, has been a community fixture since 1961 and still runs on affordable lift tickets. The Winooski River bisects Richmond, and the surrounding trail network turns quiet and cinematic under snow. The town’s signature building is the Old Round Church, which despite the name is a 16-sided meetinghouse from 1812.
Stowe
If any Vermont town has a reputation for winter, it’s Stowe. Stowe Mountain Resort is the state’s most famous ski destination, and the gondola runs year-round for aerial views of Mount Mansfield and the Green Mountains. In warmer months, the Stowe Pinnacle trail climbs to one of the most photographed viewpoints in the state, with the summit sitting at roughly 2,660 feet above sea level. The village has a small but active art scene, with galleries along Main Street showing regional painters and craftspeople alongside traveling exhibitions.
Waitsfield
Waitsfield sits along Scenic Route 100 in the Mad River Valley and bills itself as a year-round outdoor destination. Sugarbush Resort, just down the road, is the draw in winter, with skiing and snowboarding on Lincoln Peak and Mount Ellen. The trail network is just as active in summer for hiking and mountain biking. The town itself keeps things low-key: a covered bridge on Bridge Street, a few restaurants along Route 100, and the Mad River running through the middle of it all.
Wilmington
Route 9 through southern Vermont, also known as the Molly Stark Scenic Byway, runs straight through Wilmington in the heart of the Green Mountain National Forest. The Hogback Mountain Conservation Area nearby covers roughly 600 acres of protected land with wide views across southern Vermont. Mount Snow handles most of the local skiing and has an active summer mountain-biking program. The best-known spot in town is Dot’s Restaurant, a diner that was washed out by Tropical Storm Irene in 2011 and rebuilt with community funding. It reopened in 2014 and still serves the same blueberry pancakes.
Woodstock
Woodstock plays the same showpiece role for central Vermont that Bennington plays for the south. The Federal-era downtown wraps around a town green, and the Middle Covered Bridge carries foot and vehicle traffic over the Ottauquechee River right at the edge of it. Billings Farm & Museum operates as a working Jersey dairy and runs seasonal demonstrations of traditional farm work, including sheep shearing and plowing with draft horses. Just up the road, the Marsh-Billings-Rockefeller National Historical Park is the only national park dedicated to conservation history.
Vermont’s Prettiest Small Towns Reward A Slow Visit
For scenic small towns, Vermont covers a lot of ground. The seven above offer historic architecture, mountain access, and enough variation in season and setting to make repeat visits worthwhile. Drive between them on Route 100 or Route 9 and you’ll pass a dozen more that could just as easily have made the list.
Powerball, Mega Millions jackpots: What to know in case you win
Here’s what to know in case you win the Powerball or Mega Millions jackpot.
Just the FAQs, USA TODAY
The Vermont Lottery offers several draw games for those willing to make a bet to win big.
Those who want to play can enter the MegaBucks and Lucky for Life games as well as the national Powerball and Mega Millions games. Vermont also partners with New Hampshire and Maine for the Tri-State Lottery, which includes the Mega Bucks, Gimme 5 as well as the Pick 3 and Pick 4.
Drawings are held at regular days and times, check the end of this story to see the schedule.
Here’s a look at April 20, 2026, results for each game:
Winning Powerball numbers from April 20 drawing
09-17-36-47-64, Powerball: 26, Power Play: 3
Check Powerball payouts and previous drawings here.
Winning Gimme 5 numbers from April 20 drawing
16-17-25-33-36
Check Gimme 5 payouts and previous drawings here.
Winning Pick 3 numbers from April 20 drawing
Day: 0-5-8
Evening: 6-1-9
Check Pick 3 payouts and previous drawings here.
Winning Pick 4 numbers from April 20 drawing
Day: 7-8-3-4
Evening: 0-0-4-9
Check Pick 4 payouts and previous drawings here.
Winning Megabucks Plus numbers from April 20 drawing
04-11-23-32-41, Megaball: 04
Check Megabucks Plus payouts and previous drawings here.
Feeling lucky? Explore the latest lottery news & results
Are you a winner? Here’s how to claim your lottery prize
For Vermont Lottery prizes up to $499, winners can claim their prize at any authorized Vermont Lottery retailer or at the Vermont Lottery Headquarters by presenting the signed winning ticket for validation. Prizes between $500 and $5,000 can be claimed at any M&T Bank location in Vermont during the Vermont Lottery Office’s business hours, which are 8a.m.-4p.m. Monday through Friday, except state holidays.
For prizes over $5,000, claims must be made in person at the Vermont Lottery headquarters. In addition to signing your ticket, you will need to bring a government-issued photo ID, and a completed claim form.
All prize claims must be submitted within one year of the drawing date. For more information on prize claims or to download a Vermont Lottery Claim Form, visit the Vermont Lottery’s FAQ page or contact their customer service line at (802) 479-5686.
Vermont Lottery Headquarters
1311 US Route 302, Suite 100
Barre, VT
05641
When are the Vermont Lottery drawings held?
- Powerball: 10:59 p.m. Monday, Wednesday, and Saturday.
- Mega Millions: 11 p.m. Tuesday and Friday.
- Gimme 5: 6:55 p.m. Monday through Friday.
- Lucky for Life: 10:38 p.m. daily.
- Pick 3 Day: 1:10 p.m. daily.
- Pick 4 Day: 1:10 p.m. daily.
- Pick 3 Evening: 6:55 p.m. daily.
- Pick 4 Evening: 6:55 p.m. daily.
- Megabucks: 7:59 p.m. Monday, Wednesday and Saturday.
- Millionaire for Life: 11:15 p.m. daily
What is Vermont Lottery Second Chance?
Vermont’s 2nd Chance lottery lets players enter eligible non-winning instant scratch tickets into a drawing to win cash and/or other prizes. Players must register through the state’s official Lottery website or app. The drawings are held quarterly or are part of an additional promotion, and are done at Pollard Banknote Limited in Winnipeg, MB, Canada.
This results page was generated automatically using information from TinBu and a template written and reviewed by a Vermont editor. You can send feedback using this form.
ESSEX JUNCTION, Vt. (Aging Untold) — For 10 days, the Champlain Valley Fair, a county fair in Vermont, becomes its own little town with thousands of people, hot afternoons and the occasional emergency.
Charlene Phelps, 74, runs the fair’s emergency response team.
“We have a lot of seniors that come and people don’t drink enough water,” Phelps said.
The team handles sprains, bee stings, heat exhaustion and whatever comes through.
“I like taking care of people, I like helping people,” Phelps said.
Living out a childhood dream
It’s also a childhood dream.
Phelps wanted to be a nurse, but college wasn’t possible, so she found another route into care and has been showing up year after year at the fair.
Aging Untold expert Amy O’Rourke said living out your purpose can improve mental and spiritual well-being.
“When you tap into that, you’re tapping in on a place that’s a risk, that’s a challenge that inevitably creates growth inside you, gives you confidence so that if you’re in another situation you can build on that,” O’Rourke said. “Or, if you’re in an everyday situation where you’re a little anxious, it’ll help create stabilization in that place as well.”
Saving lives at the fair
Sometimes it’s bigger than a bandage.
“Over on there near the swings way over there is Gustovo, and we saved his life,” Phelps said.
Gustovo had gone into cardiac arrest at the fair a few years ago.
“I mean he was gone,” Phelps said.
Now he’s back and working the rides.
“Came for my hug, Gustovo,” Phelps said.
O’Rourke said stories like this are also why some people keep working past retirement age. Purpose isn’t a number, it’s a role.
“I’ve seen a 92-year-old still working as a nurse’s aid. I’ve seen people in my neighborhood chilling out and loving it,” O’Rourke said. “So, I think it’s being really self-aware of what you need and making sure that you’re getting those needs met.”
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