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Foods to Avoid on GLP-1s, According to Registered Dietitians | Woman's World
Even though weight loss medications like Ozempic and Wegovy may seem like miracle drugs, GLP-1 patients are also expected to make significant lifestyle changes. GLP-1s help facilitate weight loss, but adding regular exercise to prevent muscle loss, and dietary changes to to make sure you’re still getting good nutrition while eating less, are crucial for long-term effectiveness. And while GLP-1 patients should be consciously consuming more “healthy” foods, there are also certain foods to avoid on GLP-1s. We spoke to registered dietitians who weighed in on what foods patients should avoid or eliminate entirely from their diets for best possible results.
Avoiding these foods when you’re taking GLP-1s may help your weight loss results
With weight loss, there isn’t a “one-size-fits-all” solution. However, dietitians such as Angel Luk, RD and co-founder of FoodMysteries emphasize the importance of avoiding large amounts of sugar and processed foods while taking GLP-1s, to get the most out of the medication (which we make note of in our printable PDF!): “Ultra processed foods that are high in added sugars and unhealthy fats pack a heavy calorie punch while being very low in nutrient density,” she explains. “To optimize results on GLP-1s, I highly recommend that people continue to eat three small meals a day, with one to to snacks as needed, while ensuring that each small meal and snack includes protein, vegetable and/or fruit, and some complex carbohydrates.”
[Ensure] that each small meal and snack includes protein, vegetable and/or fruit, and some complex carbohydrates.
Eating at home can help avoid sneaky extra calories
Caloric deficits are also necessary to ensure the medication works — which is why Luk also adds that eating out should be a treat. Even though cooking a homemade meal after a long day at work can sometimes seem quite taxing, it helps those looking to lose weight — especially on GLP-1s — know exactly what’s going into their food, and how much they are eating. “Even ‘healthier’ options at a restaurant often contain significantly more calories than a homemade ‘copycat’ version of the same meal,” Luk says.
GLP-1 patients should also avoid foods that trigger negative side effects
GLP-1s can sometimes come with unpleasant side effects. Michelle Routhenstein, MS RD CDCES CDN says GLP-1 patients should avoid anything that will further upset their stomachs: “Given that GLP-1 medications can cause nausea and constipation, it’s best to avoid foods that may worsen these symptoms,” Routhenstein says. “This includes refined sugars, fatty foods, processed foods, and large portions.”
This includes refined sugars, fatty foods, processed foods, and large portions.
There are some foods you should be sure to eat when taking GLP-1s
Because GLP-1s tend to decrease appetite, patients should also make sure they are taking in certain nutrients (as noted in our PDF!). Routhenstein says protein and fiber are at the top of her list: “It’s important to include adequate protein intake to prevent muscle loss, as well as fiber to promote regularity and ensure you receive essential vitamins and minerals for overall health,” she explains.
Opting for more cold protein can be an easier way to get enough nutrition with less cooking—and help with side effects
While some may associate “protein” with a grilled steak or a bowl of lentil soup, Luk suggests going cold. Indigestion, headaches, and diarrhea — which are associated with GLP-1s — can make it hard to eat. But opting for cold food may be easier to digest. “Cold protein foods such as milk or calcium fortified plant milk, as well as yogurt, nuts, and seeds, are optimal choices,” Luk explains. “They are dense in protein and unlikely to worsen nausea, which is often triggered by hot, aromatic foods.”
Supplements may depend on you
Routhenstein adds that supplement recommendations will vary from person to person. Getting regular bloodwork on GLP-1s is necessary, however, to examine and identify an individual’s possible deficiencies. “If GLP-1 medications reduce appetite to the point of only consuming one meal per day, supplements may be necessary to ensure adequate nutrient intake. The choice of supplements should be guided by a Registered Dietitian,” Routhenstein says. “They are evaluating your lab results, medical history, medications, age, and gender, with your food intake to ensure benefit versus potential harm.”
It can be hard to get enough fiber while eating less
Although supplements may vary person to person, Luk recommends GLP-1 patients supplement their diets with fiber, in gradual amounts: “In general, most adults do not meet the recommended daily fiber intake goal of 25 to 38 grams per day, let alone while their appetite and intake is reduced while on GLP-1s,” Luk says. “If someone is really struggling to meet their dietary fiber goal via food sources alone, it’s worthwhile to discuss taking a fiber supplement with a health care provider.”
Maintaining a healthy diet on GLP-1s is crucial
If you need a printable reminder of what to eat and not to eat on GLP-1s, make sure to download our PDF! Below is a list of foods to avoid and eat more of while taking weight loss medications.
Foods to Avoid on GLP-1s
- Processed foods
- Food from restaurants
- Refined sugars
- Fatty foods
- Processed foods
- Large portions
Foods to Incorporate into a GLP-1 Diet
- Protein (eat cold for digestion)
- Supplements, based on guidance from a dietitian
- Fiber
This content is not a substitute for professional medical advice or diagnosis. Always consult your physician before pursuing any treatment plan.
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Eating too much salt has long been linked to high blood pressure, but new research suggests it could trick the immune system into prematurely aging the blood vessels.
A preclinical study recently published in the Journal of the American Heart Association has identified a biological chain reaction that links a salty diet to cardiovascular decay.
Scientists at the University of South Alabama observed that mice on a high-salt diet experienced rapid deterioration in their blood vessel function.
HIGH SALT INTAKE LINKED TO FASTER MEMORY DECLINE IN ONE GROUP, STUDY FINDS
After just four weeks of high sodium intake, the small arteries responsible for regulating blood flow lost their ability to relax, according to a press release.
The team found that the cells lining these vessels had entered a state of cellular senescence, a form of premature cellular aging in which cells stop dividing and release a mix of inflammatory signals that can damage surrounding tissue.
Excess salt has long been linked to high blood pressure, but a new study goes deeper into its effects on the cardiovascular system. (iStock)
The researchers tried to replicate this damage by exposing blood vessel cells directly to salt in a laboratory dish, but the cells showed no harmful effects.
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This suggests that salt isn’t directly causing damage to the vascular lining but that the real culprit may be the body’s own defense mechanism, the researchers noted.
Excess salt may trigger the immune system to release a molecule called interleukin-16 (IL-16), which acts as a messenger that instructs blood vessel cells to grow old before their time, according to the study.
Excess salt may trigger the immune system to release a molecule called interleukin-16, which acts as a messenger that instructs blood vessel cells to grow old before their time, according to the study. (iStock)
Once these cells age, they fail to produce nitric oxide, the essential gas that tells arteries to dilate and stay flexible.
To test whether this process could be reversed, the team turned to a class of experimental drugs known as senolytics.
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Using a cancer medication called navitoclax, which selectively clears out aged and dysfunctional cells, the researchers were able to restore nearly normal blood vessel function in the salt-fed mice, the release stated.
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By removing the decaying cells created by the high-salt diet, the drug allowed the remaining healthy tissue to maintain its elasticity and respond correctly to blood flow demands.
Excess salt may trigger the immune system into stopping the cells from dividing, the study suggests. (iStock)
The study did have some limitations. The transition from mouse models to human treatment remains a significant hurdle, the team cautioned.
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Senolytic drugs like navitoclax are still being studied for safety, and the team emphasized that previous trials have shown mixed results regarding their impact on artery plaque.
Additionally, the researchers have not yet confirmed whether the same IL-16 pathway is the primary driver of vascular aging in humans.
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Eating a diet high in fruits and vegetables was found to have a surprising link to lung cancer among younger non-smokers, early research suggests.
The observational study, led by Jorge Nieva, M.D., of the USC Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center at Keck Medicine, was presented this month at the American Association for Cancer Research (AACR) annual meeting in San Diego. It has not yet been peer-reviewed.
Researchers looked at dietary, smoking and demographic data for 187 patients who were diagnosed with lung cancer at age 50 or younger.
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They found that among non-smokers, there was a link between healthier-than-average diets – rich in fruits, vegetables and whole grains – and the chance of lung cancer development.
Young lung cancer patients ate more servings of dark green vegetables, legumes and whole grains compared to the average U.S. adult, the researchers found.
Eating a diet high in fruits and vegetables was found to have a surprising link to lung cancer among younger non-smokers, early research suggests. (iStock)
The researchers hypothesized that pesticides applied to conventionally grown produce could be a possible factor in the disease association.
“Commercially produced (non-organic) fruits, vegetables and whole grains are more likely to be associated with a higher residue of pesticides than dairy, meat and many processed foods,” according to Nieva. He also noted that agricultural workers exposed to pesticides tend to have higher rates of lung cancer.
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“There is a large subset of lung cancer patients whose disease is not caused by smoking,” Nieva told Fox News Digital.
The disease is becoming more common in non-smokers 50 and younger, especially women – despite the fact that smoking rates have been falling for decades, the researcher noted.
The researchers hypothesized that pesticides applied to conventionally grown produce could be a possible factor in the disease association. (iStock)
“These patients tend to have eaten much healthier diets before their diagnosis than the average American,” he went on. “We need to support research into understanding why Americans – and women in particular – who no longer smoke very much are still having lung cancer,” he said.
DEATHS FROM ONE TYPE OF CANCER ARE SURGING AMONG YOUNGER ADULTS WITHOUT COLLEGE DEGREES
The study did have some limitations, Nieva acknowledged, primarily that it relied on survey data and was limited by the participants’ memories of their food intake.
“Also, the survey participants were self-selected, and this could have biased the findings,” he told Fox News Digital.
“There is a large subset of lung cancer patients whose disease is not caused by smoking.”
The researchers did not test specific foods for pesticides, relying instead on average pesticide levels for certain types of food. Looking ahead, they plan to test patients’ blood and urine samples to directly measure pesticide levels, Nieva said.
Although the study shows only an association and does not prove that pesticides caused lung cancer, Nieva recommends that people wash their produce before eating and choose organic foods whenever possible.
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“This work represents a critical step toward identifying modifiable environmental factors that may contribute to lung cancer in young adults,” said Nieva. “Our hope is that these insights can guide both public health recommendations and future investigation into lung cancer prevention.”
“It is possible that the increased lung cancer risk could be due to pesticide exposure in whole farmed foods, but is by no means certain,” a doctor said. (AP Photo/Charlie Neibergall)
Dr. Marc Siegel, Fox News senior medical analyst, said the study is “interesting,” but that it “raises far more questions than it answers.”
“It is a small study (around 150) and observational, so no proof,” the doctor, who was not involved in the research, told Fox News Digital.
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“It is possible that the increased lung cancer risk could be due to pesticide exposure in whole farmed foods, but it is by no means certain,” Siegel went on. “How much exposure is needed? How much of it gets into food and in which areas? This requires much further study.”
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Kayla Nichols, communications director for Pesticide Action & Agroecology Network, a distributed global network, said the organization agrees with the study’s conclusion that more research should be done on the rise in lung cancer, particularly in individuals eating diets higher in produce and fiber.
“There is a large subset of lung cancer patients whose disease is not caused by smoking,” the researcher told Fox News Digital. (iStock)
“There is a bounty of existing research that already links pesticide exposure to increased risk of multiple types of cancers,” Nichols, who was also not involved in the study, told Fox News Digital. She called for more research on chronic, low-level exposures to pesticides, as well as more effective policies to protect the public from pesticide residues on food.
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The study was supported by the National Institutes of Health and the National Cancer Institute, as well as industry partners including AstraZeneca and Genentech, among others.
Fox News Digital reached out to several pesticide companies and trade groups for comment.
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