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Talking (Wild) Turkey, Vermont's Second-Most Hunted Species

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Talking (Wild) Turkey, Vermont's Second-Most Hunted Species


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  • Melissa Pasanen ©️ Seven Days

  • Brett and Sydney Ladeau out hunting

My inaugural turkey-hunting foray began promisingly on October 27 with a tailgate brunch in the Windsor park and ride off Interstate 91. Hartland hunter Brett Ladeau had cooked a spread of wild turkey dishes using harvests from previous outings, including a 12-pound hen he’d shot the day before.

From a cooler in his truck bed, the National Wild Turkey Federation’s Vermont chapter president served up barbecue-sauced, pulled turkey leg sandwiches and ladled hunks of dark meat with vegetables and broth into mugs decorated with turkey tracks. His bacon-wrapped jalapeño poppers stuffed with Creole-spiced nuggets of turkey breast would’ve made a solid sports-bar menu item.

“The bacon doesn’t hurt,” Brett, 56, quipped.

The slow-cooked leg and thigh meat in the soup and sandwich was tender and not stringy, as I’d been warned it could be. Brett’s two daughters, who were tasting with me, agreed that both dishes could have used more seasoning.

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“Salt at every step,” Whitney, a line cook, admonished her father teasingly.

The 20-year-old was sitting in the parking lot wrapped in a fluffy pink bathrobe over sweatpants. Her sister, Sydney, 22, was dressed in full camo.

Of the four Ladeau kids, Sydney is the only regular hunter. Under her dad’s tutelage, she shot her first turkey at age 9. Following in his footsteps, she has also competed successfully in turkey calling contests, during which hunters demonstrate their skills mimicking the birds’ vocalizations to draw them closer.

Calling is not unique to turkey hunting, but the extent to which hunters engage in back-and-forth “conversation” with the birds makes it an especially interactive experience, the Ladeaus explained.

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Over the years, I’ve tagged along on deer, grouse and squirrel hunts, but turkey hunting sounded intriguingly different. I planned the Upper Valley trip with the goal of eavesdropping on a hunter-turkey chat and tasting wild turkey for the first time. I’d been advised to wear head-to-toe camo to fool the sharp-eyed birds and been cautioned that the native eastern wild turkey, while good eating, is not suited to become a Thanksgiving centerpiece roast.

Spoiler alert: The eating part went better than the hunting part.

The fact that Vermonters can hunt turkeys at all is a conservation success story. By the mid-19th century, the once-plentiful eastern wild turkey had disappeared from Vermont due to deforestation and unregulated hunting. After being reintroduced in the late 1960s, the species rebounded exceptionally well. The statewide population hovers around 45,000, kept in check by controlled hunting.

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Brett Ladeau with his fall season turkey - COURTESY

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  • Brett Ladeau with his fall season turkey

Vermont’s hunting heritage is still firmly rooted in the deer camp, but the Fish & Wildlife Department reports that turkey ranks second in popularity. In 2023, 24,430 licensed turkey hunters — about 40 percent of the number who hunt deer — harvested 6,972 birds during the short fall archery and shotgun seasons and monthlong spring season. From late October to early November, hunters can shoot one turkey of either sex; in May, after mating season, they can take two bearded turkeys, which are generally male.

The fall season is well timed to land a Thanksgiving bird, but even devotees of wild turkey warn against roasting one whole.

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“Everyone’s used to going to the store at Thanksgiving and getting their Butterball,” said Bella Kline, a former chef who now works as a Randolph-based state game warden and happened to be passing through the Windsor park and ride on the morning of October 27.

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Jalapeño poppers made with wild turkey breast - MELISSA PASANEN ©️ SEVEN DAYS

  • Melissa Pasanen ©️ Seven Days

  • Jalapeño poppers made with wild turkey breast

In a follow-up phone call, Kline emphasized that lean, muscular wild turkey requires a different cooking approach and will not taste like the buxom, grain-fed Broad-Breasted Whites on most holiday tables. The dark meat, particularly, “takes a little bit more care,” she advised. (See Kline’s recommended wild turkey cooking method.)

The legs and thighs of a wild turkey are active: The birds use them to forage for acorns and other nuts, seeds and insects, as well as escape from predators, including hunters. “They can be tough, but if you cook them right, it’s a rich flavor,” Brett said as he packed up the food before we headed into the hills.

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Wild turkey soup - MELISSA PASANEN ©️ SEVEN DAYS

  • Melissa Pasanen ©️ Seven Days

  • Wild turkey soup

While we drove the back roads, scanning for turkeys in open fields, Sydney said she prefers breast meat, especially nuggets, rolled in seasoned flour and fried.

Whether it’s light or dark meat, Sydney said, she likes knowing where it came from and taking responsibility for killing it herself. Growing up hunting, she continued, helped her see the cycle of life and value meat in a society she called “highly disconnected” from its food sources.

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“Hunting connects us a little more to nature and to our roots as human beings, to our primal instincts,” she said. “It’s not just a game.”

The father-daughter pair said they love hunting together, but Sydney takes pride in knowing she could do it alone. “It’s not something a lot of women do by themselves,” she said.

Brett grew up deer hunting in Norwich. Unlike his daughter, he didn’t see his first wild turkey until he was 17, after the population had rebounded.

As soon as he tried turkey hunting, he was hooked. “I respect turkeys. I study turkeys. I think like a turkey,” he said. “I’m a little silly about turkey hunting.”

After crisscrossing Windsor, Hartland and Brownsville for more than an hour with only one distant glimpse of a flock, we headed for the wooded hillside where Brett had shot his turkey the day before. He strapped on a backpack of gear, including the tools known as calls used to converse with turkeys. Sydney carefully loaded her shotgun and slung it over her shoulder while I slipped on a roomy, borrowed camo jacket.

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Hiking up through the woods, we crunched through leaves, ducked under sap lines and navigated around stone walls. A white deer tail flashed a few hundred feet away, but the turkeys remained elusive.

We sat quietly at the foot of two trees while Brett tested a few calls using a round pot call. He deployed a wooden striker, which looks like a thick chopstick, to agitate the aluminum surface of the call. It emitted a string of purrs, clucks and high-pitched yelps that mean something like, “I’m here, and I’m ready to socialize,” Brett told me later.

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Brett Ladeau demonstrating how to use a pot call to converse with turkeys - MELISSA PASANEN ©️ SEVEN DAYS

  • Melissa Pasanen ©️ Seven Days

  • Brett Ladeau demonstrating how to use a pot call to converse with turkeys

After a couple of tries with no response, he popped a small, flat semicircular mouth, or diaphragm, call into his mouth and used it to make soft clucks and coos that aim to sound like a contented hen saying, “I’m relaxed over here. Come see what I’m doing.”

Neither seemed to do the trick there or at a second spot where Brett showed me several examples of what is called “turkey sign”: feathers and scat near dust bowls where the birds roll to dislodge mites.

After he made a round of calls rubbing the lid on the base of a box call, I asked what he was saying.

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“Today,” he replied ruefully, “it’s apparently, ‘Don’t come here.’”

Before we parted, Brett gave me some breast meat that he’d ground with a little bacon, which became delicious meatballs simmered in my last garden tomatoes.

The trip had convinced me that wild turkey makes good eating, but I still yearned to witness a hunter-turkey conversation.

A few days later, I drove to meet hunter Ron Lafreniere at another park and ride closer to home and much earlier in the day.

It was barely light when we got to a hunting spot in Richmond, not far from where Lafreniere lives in Bolton, on the road where he grew up on a dairy farm. The 66-year-old lifelong hunter said his family eats more wild game than supermarket meat.

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Lafreniere started turkey hunting in the 1990s and runs the National Wild Turkey Federation’s Chittenden County chapter. His truck license plate used to be “Gobblers.” Like Brett Ladeau, Lafreniere volunteers to take out a lot of newbies.

His advice: “Look like a tree; act like a tree.”

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Ron Lafreniere listening for turkeys - MELISSA PASANEN ©️ SEVEN DAYS

  • Melissa Pasanen ©️ Seven Days

  • Ron Lafreniere listening for turkeys

As the sky lightened, the low whoosh of cars from Interstate 89 floated up from below. Lafreniere used his pot call to no avail, despite seeing some dust bowls along with abundant acorns, a prized food.

Back in the truck, we headed down River Road through Duxbury toward Waterbury. As he drove, Lafreniere scanned the landscape until he exclaimed, “There’s turkeys up that hill, baby!” and took a sharp turn onto a dirt road.

Lafreniere uses a phone app called onX to log game and track his route. It also has land ownership details. Technically, hunters in Vermont can hunt on land that is not posted, but Lafreniere prefers to have permission, especially if he’s close to a house. He hoped that the turkeys he’d seen were moving toward a property on which he has permission to hunt.

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We scrambled up a steep bank and navigated to a spot with a clear view down on the field where Lafreniere had spotted the birds. He crouched and pulled his camo face mask up, indicating I do the same. “Stay still as you can,” he whispered.

One turkey soon appeared, head down, pecking, followed by another 10. Lafreniere used a pot call to get the attention of the flock, which was about 50 to 60 yards away, moving slowly across the field. One hen clearly heard him, pulling her long neck up and gyrating like a periscope seeking the call’s source, but she didn’t reply.

We watched quietly for a few minutes as the flock drifted further away from the land Lafreniere has permission to hunt and closer to another house.

Reluctantly, we retreated. Lafreniere didn’t want to get more involved with the flock given their proximity to houses. He offered to take me turkey hunting again in the spring when, he promised, the birds are chattier.

Learn more at vtfishandwildlife.com and on the NWTF-Vermont Facebook page.

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Referee shortage threatens Vermont high school sports – Valley News

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Referee shortage threatens Vermont high school sports – Valley News


Vermont is in the midst of an alarming referee shortage — a problem unfolding nationwide, but one that has hit hard in a state with a small and aging workforce.

Between 2018 and 2023, the National Federation of State High School Associations reported a loss of almost 60,000 officials nationwide, a trend exacerbated by the COVID-19 pandemic.

In Vermont, officials are spread thin covering games across 23 sports at over 70 high schools in the Vermont Principals’ Association — the state’s governing body for school athletics. Trainees aren’t offsetting the number of retiring veteran officials, and the resulting gap in personnel is forcing games to be postponed or canceled.

“What was just affecting a couple sports out of the wide pool of varsity sports in the state — now it’s virtually every sport,” said Devin Wendel, president of the Vermont State Athletic Directors Association and athletic director at Mount Abraham Union High School.

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With a working population that is already strained, the persisting shortage of officials in Vermont carries a serious risk of interrupting high school seasons.

“If we don’t do something, in the next three to five years there won’t be enough of us to cover sporting events in Vermont and that is bad for all involved,” Steve Cicio — president of Vermont’s branch of the International Association of Approved Basketball Officials — wrote in a Nov. 13 email. “We are going to struggle this season with what we have for numbers,” he said.

This year alone, the association lost between 10 and 12 varsity officials, and five to six junior varsity officials, according to Cicio.

Many of those retiring have been in the business for numerous decades, with expertise in multiple sports. Their retirements mean fewer mentors for the next generation filling their shoes.

A 2023 survey of the association’s officials found that around half planned to retire by 2028.

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“Not only are we losing a large percentage of our board, but out of that 50%, a large percentage of those folks are capable and qualified to work almost any game in the state,” said Trevour Houle, a varsity basketball official of nearly 10 years. “If I were to guess, it’s going to create a snowball effect where we lose a large amount of officials — those who are left are asked to work more nights a week, those officials are probably going to get burnt out or injured, and they’re going to decide next year whether they want to do that all over again or not.”

Dwindling numbers puts a greater burden on those remaining, who are expected to cover more games across further distances than they had previously.

“You’re seeing officials that are getting overworked, trying to hustle over to get from one location to the next,” said Michael Jabour, senior director of activities at South Burlington High School and Middle School.

Varsity teams typically take priority because their regular seasons determine playoffs and championships, unlike junior varsity teams, said Tim Messier, athletic director at Lamoille Union High School. Teams at Lamoille Union lose a couple games each season because officials aren’t available, he said.

Referees are paid $97.50 for varsity and $75 for junior varsity games, plus the cost of mileage. First-time registration to be an official costs $30 and secures certification for one year. Referees can then officiate as many sports they choose to train for.

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The VPA’s officials committee increased the pay by 30% two years ago and the earnings are aligned with all other New England states, said Lauren Young, executive director of activities at the VPA.

“You take your $97.50 and it sounds like, ‘Wow, that’s a great fee for a game.’ Well, it was an hour there. You have to get to the game an hour early. The game takes an hour and a half to two hours. You shower, you’re in the locker room for 20 minutes after the game and then you have your hour ride home,” Houle said. “When you start breaking it down to an hourly rate, it’s not that great.”

Vermont’s handful of remaining referees also face continuing harassment, particularly from spectators, said Young. She suspects that poor sportsmanship is partially to blame for disillusionment about joining the force.

Among those who become certified, most new officials resign within their first three years, according to the National Federation of State High School Associations.

“They can never be right. They’re always to blame,” Jabour said. “It’s hard to be an official because you’re constantly being told how terrible you are.”

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As the VPA ramps up their recruitment efforts, Young wants to see a more accurate representation of Vermont’s student body with whistles — particularly through more women and people of color becoming certified to officiate.

“We have diverse schools, and I think there’s power in seeing people in a position of authority in the game that are reflective of what they look like to try to dispel some of the older white male dominance over the officiating world,” she said.

Nationally, the shortage could be on the mend. The National Federation of State High School Associations reported an 8% increase in registered officials this year compared to 2018.

But in Vermont, the void left by referees stepping down isn’t being filled. While the VPA is marketing to college students and tapping school administrators to spread the word about the shortage in their communities, Young expects to draw in just two or three newcomers this year.

“Even recruiting 10 officials in the state of Vermont can have a huge impact on a local high school being able to actually keep their schedule intact,” Wendel said.

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Busy Anderson is a reporter with the Community News Service, part of the University of Vermont’s Reporting & Documentary Storytelling program.



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Vermont-based fighter wing deploying to Caribbean amid tensions with Venezuela, US senator says – The Boston Globe

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Vermont-based fighter wing deploying to Caribbean amid tensions with Venezuela, US senator says – The Boston Globe


U.S. Sen. Peter Welch on Friday said the Pentagon had ordered the deployment of the Vermont Air National Guard’s 158th Fighter Wing to the Caribbean amid heightened tensions with Venezuela.

According to Welch, the deployment is part of Operation Southern Spear, which has been targeting drug trafficking in the region as President Donald Trump’s administration has sought the ouster of Venezuelan President Nicolás Maduro.

A Pentagon spokesperson on Friday referred questions to the Vermont Guard.

The 158th Fighter Wing, based in South Burlington, includes 20 F-35A Lightning II fighter jets and approximately 1,000 personnel.

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Joseph Brooks, a spokesperson for the Vermont Guard, told the Globe earlier this week that the unit had been ordered by the Department of Defense to mobilize, but he would not disclose the location or details of the deployment.

Brooks declined to comment further Friday night.

In a written statement, Welch thanked Vermont Guard members for their service but criticized the Trump administration for deploying them.

“I strongly oppose President Trump’s mobilization of the Vermont Air National Guard alongside thousands of other U.S. military units in what appears to be a relentless march to war,” Welch said. “An undeclared war against the Venezuelan regime would be illegal under our Constitution. If this president — or any president — wants to start a war with Venezuela, which has not attacked us and is not a source of the fentanyl that is killing Americans, then he needs to seek authorization from Congress, as the authors of the Constitution intended.”

Details of the deployment remained unclear Friday, though Seven Days, a Burlington newspaper, reported that the unit would be stationed at a recently reopened military base in Puerto Rico. The newspaper said some Vermont Guard members had already headed there to prepare for the deployment.

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This story has been updated.





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Somali flag flown outside Vermont school building brings threats

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Somali flag flown outside Vermont school building brings threats


WINOOSKI, Vt. — A small school district in Vermont was hit with racist and threatening calls and messages after a Somali flag was put up a week ago in response to President Donald Trump referring to Minnesota’s Somali community as “ garbage.”

The Winooski School District began to display the flag Dec. 5 to show solidarity with a student body that includes about 9% people of Somali descent.

“We invited our students and community to come together for a little moment of normalcy in a sea of racist rhetoric nationally,” said Winooski School District Superintendent Wilmer Chavarria, himself a Nicaraguan immigrant. “We felt really good about it until the ugliness came knocking Monday morning.”

The Somali flag was flown alongside the Vermont state flag and beneath the United States flag at a building that includes K-12 classrooms and administrative offices. Somali students cheered and clapped, telling administrators the flag flying meant a great deal to them, he said.

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What ensued was a deluge of phone calls, voicemails and social media posts aimed at district workers and students. Some school phone lines were shut down — along with the district website — as a way to shield staff from harassment. Chavarria said videos of the event did not also show the U.S. and Vermont flags were still up and spread through right-wing social media apps, leaving out the important context.

“Our staff members, our administrators and our community are overwhelmed right now, and they are being viciously attacked. The content of those attacks is extremely, extremely deplorable. I don’t know what other word to use,” Chavarria said Tuesday.

Mukhtar Abdullahi, an immigrant who serves as a multilingual liaison for families in the district who speak Somali and a related dialect, said “no one, no human being, regardless of where they come from, is garbage.” Students have asked if their immigrant parents are safe, he said.

“Regardless of what happens, I know we have a strong community,” Abdullahi said. “And I’m very, very, very thankful to be part of it.”

The district is helping law enforcement investigate the continued threats, Chavarria said, and additional police officers have been stationed at school buildings as a precaution. Winooski is near Burlington, about 93 miles (150 kilometers) south of Montreal, Canada.

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White House spokesperson Abigail Jackson called the calls and messages the school received “the actions of individuals who have nothing to do with” Trump.

“Aliens who come to our country, complain about how much they hate America, fail to contribute to our economy, and refuse to assimilate into our society should not be here,” Jackson said in an email late Thursday. “And American schools should fly American flags.”

Federal authorities last week began an immigration enforcement operation in Minnesota to focus on Somali immigrants living unlawfully in the U.S. Trump has claimed “they contribute nothing ” and said “I don’t want them in our country.” The Minneapolis mayor has defended the newcomers, saying they have started businesses, created jobs and added to the city’s cultural fabric. Most are U.S. citizens and more than half of all Somali people in Minnesota were born in the U.S.

At the school district in Vermont, Chavarria said his position as superintendent gave him authority to fly the flag for up to a week without the school board’s explicit approval.

The school district also held an event with catered Somali food, and Chavarria plans to continue to find ways to celebrate its diversity.

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“I felt sorrow for the students, the families, the little kids that are my responsibility to keep safe. And it’s my responsibility to make them feel like they belong and that this is their country and this is their school district. This is what we do,” he said.

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Scolforo reported from Harrisburg, Pennsylvania.



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