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Maryland governor to pardon 175,000 marijuana convictions in sweeping order

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Maryland governor to pardon 175,000 marijuana convictions in sweeping order


Maryland Gov. Wes Moore will issue a mass pardon of more than 175,000 marijuana convictions Monday morning, one of the nation’s most sweeping acts of clemency involving a drug now in widespread recreational use.

The pardons will forgive low-level marijuana possession charges for an estimated 100,000 people in what the Democratic governor said is a step to heal decades of social and economic injustice that disproportionately harms Black and Brown people. Moore noted criminal records have been used to deny housing, employment and education, holding people and their families back long after their sentences have been served.

“I’m ecstatic that we have a real opportunity with what I’m signing to right a lot of historical wrongs,” Moore said in an interview. “If you want to be able to create inclusive economic growth, it means you have to start removing these barriers that continue to disproportionately sit on communities of color.”

Moore called the scope of his pardons “the most far-reaching and aggressive” executive action among officials nationwide who have sought to unwind criminal justice inequities with the growing legalization of marijuana. Nine other states and multiple cities have pardoned hundreds of thousands of old marijuana convictions in recent years, according to the National Organization for the Reform of Marijuana Laws. Legalized marijuana markets reap billions in revenue for state governments each year, and polls show public sentiment on the drug has also turned — with more people both embracing cannabis use and repudiating racial disparities exacerbated by the War on Drugs.

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The pardons, timed to coincide with Wednesday’s Juneteenth holiday, a day that has come to symbolize the end of slavery in the United States, come from a rising star in the Democratic Party and the lone Black governor of a U.S. state whose ascent is built on the promise to “leave no one behind.”

Derek Liggins, 57, will be among those pardoned Monday, more than 16 years after his last day in prison for possessing and dealing marijuana in the late-1990s. Despite working hard to build a new life after serving time, Liggins said he still loses out on job opportunities and potential income.

“You can’t hold people accountable for possession of marijuana when you’ve got a dispensary on almost every corner,” he said.

Nationwide, according to the ACLU, Black people were more than three times as likely than White people to be arrested for marijuana possession. President Biden in 2022 issued a mass pardon of federal marijuana convictions — a reprieve for roughly 6,500 people — and urged governors to follow suit in states, where the vast majority of marijuana prosecutions take place.

Maryland’s pardon action rivals only Massachusetts, where the governor and an executive council together issued a blanket pardon in March expected to impact hundreds of thousands of people.

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But Moore’s pardons appear to stand alone in the impact to communities of color in a state known for having one of the nation’s worst records for disproportionately incarcerating Black people for any crimes. More than 70 percent of the state’s male incarcerated population is Black, according to state data, more than double their proportion in society.

The most diverse state on the East Coast, Maryland has a dramatically higher concentration of Black people compared with other states that have issued broad pardons for marijuana: 33 percent of Maryland’s population is Black, while the next highest is Illinois, with 15 percent.

Maryland is the only state in the D.C. region that has fully legalized cannabis sales, though both the District and Virginia have decriminalized possession and have gray markets for the drug. Virginia and D.C. have not issued mass pardons of cannabis convictions, according to the National Organization for the Reform of Marijuana Laws, but Biden’s pardons had impact in D.C. because they applied to thousands of people arrested on federal land.

Maryland Attorney General Anthony G. Brown (D), called the pardons “certainly long overdue as a nation” and “a racial equity issue.”

“While the pardons will extend to anyone and everyone with a misdemeanor conviction for the possession of marijuana or paraphernalia, this unequivocally, without any doubt or reservation, disproportionately impacts — in a good way — Black and Brown Marylanders,” he said in an interview. “We are arrested and convicted at higher rates for possession and use of marijuana when the rate at which we used it was no different than any other category of people.”

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Reducing the state’s mass incarceration disparity has been a chief goal of Moore, Brown and Maryland Public Defender Natasha Dartigue, who are all the first Black people to hold their offices in the state. Brown and Dartigue have launched a prosecutor-defender partnership to study the “the entire continuum of the criminal system,” from stops with law enforcement to reentry, trying to detect all junctures where discretion or bias could influence how justice is applied, and ultimately reform it.

Maryland officials said the pardons, which would also apply to people who are dead, will not result in releasing anyone from incarceration because none are imprisoned. Misdemeanor cannabis charges yield short sentences and prosecutions for misdemeanor criminal possession have stopped, as possessing small amounts of the drug is legal statewide.

Moore’s pardon action will automatically forgive every misdemeanor marijuana possession charge the Maryland judiciary could locate in the state’s electronic court records system, along with every misdemeanor paraphernalia charge tied to use or possession of marijuana. Maryland is the only state to pardon such paraphernalia charges, state officials said.

The electronic records in some Maryland jurisdictions date back to the 1980s, while others begin in the 1990s or later. People with older cannabis convictions stored on paper records may also apply for a pardon.

Demographic data on those pardoned is limited as of Monday.

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But Moore’s administration noted nearly a quarter of the pardoned convictions were in Baltimore — a city with a history of unconstitutional over-policing of Black communities — even though less than 10 percent of the state’s population lives there. In the D.C. suburbs, roughly 12 percent of the pardoned convictions are in Prince George’s County, and 6 percent are in Montgomery County.

An ACLU report from 2013 noted that cannabis arrests in states increased nationwide in the first decade of the century, and Maryland and D.C. had among the top five highest arrest rates in the country.

As recently as 2020, according to a state analysis, cannabis arrests in Maryland exceeded 10,000 per year — nearly a decade after possession of small amounts was decriminalized and three years after it became legal to be a medical patient.

As Maryland prepared to legalize the drug for recreational use in 2022 — joining nearly two dozen other states — a report by state analysts found that White Maryland residents use cannabis at higher rates than Black residents, but Black people were more than twice as likely to be charged with possession. By law, 35 percent of the tax revenue generated by legal marijuana sales must go back into communities where cannabis enforcement was disproportionate to the rest of the state.

“The entire basis of the work that we did was about righting injustices from the War on Drugs,” said Del. Jheanelle K. Wilkins (D-Montgomery), chair of the Maryland Legislative Black Caucus. She noted Maryland has newly elevated Black people to key offices of power — the House speaker among them — and said, “We’re in this moment in Maryland where we’re truly focused on equity.”

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People who benefit from the mass pardon will see the charges marked in state court records within two weeks, and they will be eliminated from criminal background check databases within 10 months. The convictions, however, will still appear in public court records unless someone applies for an expungement.

Other states have forgone pardons — which forgive the crime — and instead simply blocked cannabis convictions from public view. California, for example, has sealed, dismissed or expunged more than 200,000 convictions since a 2018 law passed requiring it.

The nationwide efforts to lessen the impact of marijuana convictions follow a recent loosening of federal regulations that could clear the way for more widespread access to the drug across the United States.

The Biden administration began working on the issue in 2022, when the president directed health officials to review whether existing science supported reclassifying cannabis so that it would no longer be considered a Schedule I controlled substance, which carries the most stringent restrictions. Other Schedule I drugs include heroin, LSD and ecstasy.

Health officials recommended reclassifying cannabis as a Schedule III drug, which puts it among substances such as Tylenol with codeine, ketamine and anabolic steroids. In April, the Drug Enforcement Administration concurred with federal health officials and Attorney General Merrick Garland officially recommended reclassifying the drug.

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Although reclassification does not legalize cannabis federally, it does pave the way for more research on the drug and may broaden access to medical marijuana.

This year for the first time marijuana surpassed alcohol in daily use, with 17.7 million people reporting daily or near-daily marijuana use.

Liggins, who is being pardoned, said he applauds Moore’s forgiveness of marijuana crimes that would not be prosecuted under Maryland’s laws today — even if it wasn’t immediately clear how much this would transform his life.

Shortly after leaving prison in 2008, the Center for Urban Families helped find the job he still holds today with an HVAC construction company in Baltimore. He said his employer trusts him to lead teams on multimillion-dollar projects as a foreman, but Liggins cannot work on the highest-paying contracts with the federal government because of his marijuana convictions. Despite his pardon, Liggins is unsure whether a related charge for providing a false statement will still prevent him from working on those projects.

“A person can change,” he said. “A person should be able to pay their debt to society and start fresh.”

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Ovetta Wiggins contributed to this report.



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ICE officers shoot driver during immigration operation in Maryland, authorities say

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ICE officers shoot driver during immigration operation in Maryland, authorities say


Federal agents shot into a van during an immigration operation in Maryland on Christmas Eve in an incident that left two men hospitalized, federal authorities said.

Immigration and Customs Enforcement officers approached a van in a quiet neighborhood in Glen Burnie, south of Baltimore, on Wednesday morning and instructed the driver to turn off the engine, according to Department of Homeland Security spokesperson Tricia McLaughlin. The department described the driver, who is from Portugal, and his passenger, who is from El Salvador, as being in the U.S. illegally; the driver had overstayed a visa that expired in 2009, the department said.

According to McLaughlin, the driver refused to turn off the engine and “drove his van directly at ICE officers,” hitting ICE vehicles as he tried to flee. McLaughlin said the agents fired their service weapons at the driver in self-defense.

The driver of the van was shot and crashed between two buildings, McLaughlin said. The passenger suffered whiplash in the crash. Both men were taken to a local hospital, where they are in stable condition, McLaughlin said. She said the ICE agents were “not severely injured.”

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McLaughlin said the incident is under investigation.

The incident comes after months of tension between federal agents, local authorities and community members as the Trump administration ramps up its immigration enforcement operations. In September, a man opened fire on an ICE facility in Dallas, killing two detainees and injuring another in what officials described as an anti-ICE attack. In October, federal officers in Los Angeles shot an immigrant and a U.S. marshal during what DHS said was a “traffic enforcement stop.” Last month, two National Guard members who were deployed to Washington, D.C., as part of what the Trump administration described as a crime crackdown were shot in a “targeted” attack, officials said; one was killed and the other hospitalized in critical condition.

The Anne Arundel County Police Department will investigate Wednesday’s shooting, while the FBI will investigate the alleged attempt to harm ICE officers, said Justin Mulcahy, an Anne Arundel County Police Department spokesman.

Maryland Gov. Wes Moore said in a post on X that he was aware of the “ICE-involved shooting” in Glen Burnie.

“As information surrounding the incident continues to emerge, we will remain in touch with local officials and are standing by to provide support for the community,” Moore said.

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Allison Pickard, a council member in Anne Arundel County, called for authorities to release more information.

“Our community deserves answers — and a clear, accountable process for investigation and disclosing the findings as well as an assurance that tactics will focus more on deescalation,” she said in a statement.

Anne Arundel County Executive Steuart Pittman criticized the Trump administration’s immigration operations in a statement to WTTG.

“We have federal law enforcement operating in our jurisdictions without the traditional notification of local police and often without identification,” Pittman said. “It is a recipe for violence, and that is what we experienced in our county today.”



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Maryland pioneers early-intervention hotline to curb domestic violence

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Maryland pioneers early-intervention hotline to curb domestic violence


Incidents of domestic violence can surge around the holidays, and Maryland is now the first in the nation to offer a hotline directly to potential — or even actual — abusers.

What we know:

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A doctor at Harvard’s Brigham and Women’s Hospital is working on perfecting an AI algorithm for early detection of intimate partner violence — or IPV.

The “when” is key, so it was noteworthy when she released a study two years ago identifying spikes of IPV on Christmas and New Year’s Eve.

Maryland’s leading IPV center — House of Ruth — is hoping to help with early detection and prevention this holiday season. They’ve developed the first 24-hour hotline in the country that caters entirely to potential or actual perpetrators of domestic violence.

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House of Ruth launched the hotline in April. COO Lisa Nitsch says there was some concern when they were building the hotline about whether anyone would use it, but they’ve already been receiving calls.

“Domestic violence and intimate partner violence is wrong. But when it gets down to impacting somebody that you care about who might be hurting their family, it’s a lot harder of a conversation. So one of the things we’ve been concentrating on is removing barriers for people who might be at risk for hurting their families. Removing barriers for them to access services themselves. So eliminating fees for intervention programming. We just launched the first 24-hour crisis hotline for people at risk of abusing their partner, which is a new thing,” said Nitsch.

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The goal is early detection and prevention. The hotline is supposed to provide an outlet for people who are at risk for hurting their families. House of Ruth provides trauma-informed care.

Now they have received a grant from the governor’s office to promote it. But the jury is still out on whether it will be a success.

What they’re saying:

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Some may be critical of marshaling resources toward abusers instead of survivors. 

Jac Patrissi created a similar hotline in Massachusetts that was available for 12 hours a day. In an interview with Bryn Mawr College, she said the burden of stopping abuse has always been on the victim — call a hotline or police, find a shelter. She believes in intervening sooner with those causing harm.

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“We want to interrupt abusers in the way that they’re thinking, their values. And we want them to come up with a plan and write it down, and then call us and tell us how it has gone,” said Patrissi.

Local perspective:

Maryland Attorney General Anthony Brown’s cousin Kathy was murdered by her estranged partner in 2008. This issue is personal for him.

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“I know, you know, that’s a contentious issue in the advocacy community — how much do you support abusers?” said Brown. “Look, I think that if there’s evidence-based practices that can assist in reducing domestic violence, and if that means supporting abusers so that they can better understand what are their triggers — what is it that leads them to abusing their partner, their spouse, their children — then I think it’s worth looking into and worth supporting.”

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Christmas forecast: Wintry mix, ice possible by Friday in DC, Maryland, Virginia

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Christmas forecast: Wintry mix, ice possible by Friday in DC, Maryland, Virginia


The holiday season is upon us! Christmas is just a few days away, and for the most part, it does look like the weather is going to cooperate over the holidays. 

In fact, Christmas Eve and Christmas Day could be two of the warmer days of the year for our region, which is not saying much. Washington, D.C. is running more than six degrees below normal for the month so far, temperature-wise, our coldest December since 2010.

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Some sunshine is expected for Christmas Eve with temperatures in D.C. expected to rise into the middle 50s with light winds. It should be one of the more comfortable afternoons of the month with sunny skies. 

Clouds will increase during the evening hours, though some rain showers possible in the first half of Christmas Day. These should be scattered about though — the holiday does not look like a washout. 

All things considered, not a bad Christmas! But no threat of a white Christmas either for those that were looking for some holiday snow.

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It is the Friday after Christmas that bears watching! Cold air gets pushed southward into the Mid-Atlantic on Friday morning, courtesy of a high pressure system pushing through eastern Canada. 

A steady northeast wind will “trap” this cold air southward, something that often happens in this region during the winter months due to our proximity to the Appalachian Mountains to the west.

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By Friday afternoon, a fast moving storm system is expected to cross the region from west to east. As mid-level winds are out of the southwest, southern moisture will gather along a warm front, meeting the cold air stuck across the region and causing precipitation to break out. 

While some initial snowflakes at onset are possible, especially in our northern zones, the depth of the cold air is forecast to be pretty shallow. So, the bulk of precipitation locally is forecast to fall as sleet and freezing rain.

Sleet is ice pellets, snow that has melted to rain, only to refreeze before hitting the ground. A slushy accumulation of sleet is enough to cause travel issues and slick spots. Freezing rain falls like rain, but freezes on contact with a surface where temperatures are below freezing. 

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Ice is a major concern to travelers. Such mixtures are difficult to pre-treat roadways for, as the more liquid nature of the precipitation can lead to runoff of any pre-treatment chemicals.

The question with shallow cold air events like this one is how long will the cold air hold on, and how fast will the region transition over to all just plain old rainfall, if they even do at all. 

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In similar past events, weather models tend to underplay how long cold air lingers in the D.C. region, leading to a longer than expected sleet and freezing rain event. This is particularly true in our northern zones, where cold air just naturally hangs on longer. 

Winter advisories seem likely for parts of the region on Friday due to the threat for icing and hazardous travel conditions. Those traveling, especially Friday afternoon and evening, should exercise extreme caution.

Snowfall wise, the best chance of getting any snow would be at the very start of the event when the depth of the cold air is deepest. Some models do suggest there could be a quick burst of snow in our suburbs north of D.C. that could put down a quick coating before a transition over to a mixture of sleet and freezing rain. 

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For travelers, heavier snow looks more likely across the Northeast. Cities like New York and Boston could squeeze out a few inches of snow, while interior regions could see 4-8″ of snowfall, which is likely to disrupt travel on a regional basis.

After the system moves out of the region early on Saturday morning, the remainder of the weekend looks rather mild weather wise. 

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Impacts from the Friday system should not linger as temperatures rise well above freezing on Saturday with 50s possible by Sunday. Though a few showers are possible Sunday as well, it does not look overly impactful for travel.

The next blast of strong, cold winter air is set to move into the D.C. region just ahead of the New Year’s Holiday. Tuesday in particular looks especially cold, with high temperatures struggling to make it above freezing across much of the region. 

At the moment, it does look like this next burst of cold will come without any winter weather threats, but it is far enough in the future that we need to monitor for potential forecast changes. We will keep you updated! 

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From all of us here on the FOX 5 Weather Team, happy holidays and Merry Christmas! Have a safe and wonderful holiday.

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