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3 ways Nevada could improve the lives of families with profoundly autistic children

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3 ways Nevada could improve the lives of families with profoundly autistic children



Nevada does not currently allow paid family caregivers for children who are profoundly autistic, but it does for dementia.

Darian Garcia gave up a good warehouse job last month to stay home with his 8-year-old son.

Rico is profoundly autistic, which leaves him with the mental age of a toddler. He’ll need 24/7 intensive support for the rest of his life.

“My husband had to quit his job to stay here with Rico,” Letty Garcia said. “Now we’re down to one income.”

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They’re nearing bankruptcy and may lose their Spanish Springs home. If Nevada had paid-caregiver laws like other states such as Colorado and California, the family might not be sinking financially over their son’s disabilities.

“Because he’s legally responsible for Rico, he can’t get paid to be his caregiver in Nevada,” Garcia said of her husband.

But if Rico got placement in a residential facility outside the home, the state of Nevada would have to pay for it — at a much higher cost. It makes no sense to Garcia why the state would have a policy that costs more money.

“If we lived in California and Dad stayed home, we did the math and it would be like $4,000 to $5,000 a month that he would get paid, and that would be cheaper to the state than sending him to an institution,” she said.

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Allowing paid family caregivers would require action by the Nevada Legislature, which begins its every-two-years session in February.

If state lawmakers made this relatively simple change, Garcia said, it would improve her family’s life and thousands of others in Nevada who have a profoundly autistic child.

How paid family caregivers could help profoundly autistic children

Having family members be paid caregivers may sound strange, but it’s not uncommon. About 10 states have such programs, and it keeps those with disabilities in their own homes with the people who love them rather than in a facility where they’re one of many patients.

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A new Nevada law went into effect this year that allows family members to be paid caregivers for Medicaid recipients with dementia.

Garcia thinks the law should be updated to include families with profoundly autistic children because not only would it help stave off the financial ruin her family faces, but it would be a win for the state, too.

“We’re in the midst of filing bankruptcy and (my husband) can’t get paid to be Rico’s caregiver,” she said. “But if Rico were to go to a placement somewhere, they would pay somebody there to take care of him.”

Colorado is among the states that pays family members to care for profoundly autistic children, in part because, like Nevada, it doesn’t have the facilities and staff to care for all kids who need help.

“I think all families should be demanding that they’re compensated,” said Michelle Linn, a Colorado mom who gets paid $7,300 a month to care for her profoundly autistic son.

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“It sounds like a lot, but it’s less than minimum wage.”

Because her son needs 24-hour care seven days a week, her stipend works out to about $10 an hour.

“There aren’t other individuals or businesses willing to do it for that rate, but it’s amazing for the families,” Linn said. “You can make your mortgage payment for your child and then, like, plan for when you die to provide care when you’re gone.”

She said if she got in an accident and couldn’t care for her son anymore, the state of Colorado would view her paid-caregiver role as a bargain.

“There aren’t really even any institutions in Colorado (that could care for her son) so they’d have to send him out of state, which would cost a heck of a lot more,” she said.

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To qualify, Linn took free night classes for about a month to become a certified nursing assistant. Then she was hired by a third-party company that oversees about 25 such caregivers. It inspects her home, monitors medication administration by phone app and conducts other oversight to make sure she’s caring properly for her son every day.

“It really helps a lot of families that otherwise would be destitute because you can’t work,” Linn said.

Other ways Nevada could help profoundly autistic children

The Garcias would love it if they could get “respite” care. It provides a break for live-in caregivers by having a professional come into the home and take over for a while.

Rico qualifies for Medicaid, a joint federal and state program that covers medical costs for low-income adults and people with disabilities. Medicaid doesn’t cover respite care, but states can offer waivers that include coverage for respite.

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Nevada, though, has restrictions tied to the poverty line, Garcia said, and although filing for bankruptcy, her family makes too much to qualify.

“What Nevada is doing is unique in the way they’ve designed their respite,” said Judith Ursitti, founder of the Profound Autism Alliance and mother of a profoundly autistic son. “The income restriction shouldn’t be there because it leaves out everyone who really needs it. It really should be based on the qualifying disability of the person — and that could be fixed by the state legislature.”

She added that Garcia’s son is never going to make money.

“He is forever individually impoverished because of his disability,” Ursitti said. “That should be recognized. It’s definitely an easy fix that the federal agency over Medicaid would approve right away because most states fund respite care not based on income but on how intense the support needs are.”

Ursitti’s son Jack gets 15 hours of respite care a week. Combined with a public school that takes care of him during weekdays, this allows Ursitti to not only do grocery shopping but to have a job.

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“That makes me a taxpaying citizen,” she said.

Could Nevada schools provide better services for children?

Rico is not enrolled in Washoe County School District after a couple of bad experiences, Garcia said, one self-injury left his head gashed open and another where a teacher’s aide was injured.

Ursitti had similar challenges with the schools in Texas where she lived.

“When my son Jack was diagnosed, we struggled to even get our school district to acknowledge he had autism or to provide any kind of support,” she said. “They wouldn’t do anything.”

By federal law, free and appropriate public education must be provided for all children, even those with profound behavioral issues, regardless of whether the school can afford it or how it might affect the overall school system.

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“It’s the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act,” Ursitti said, referring to federal law and emphasizing the word “individuals.”

“Funding is an issue and schools struggle. That’s a reality I don’t want to minimize, but this population (of profoundly autistic children) is just being pushed aside.”

When Ursitti got no support from the school system or the state of Texas, she had to make a decision that she said lots of parents face.

“Do I spend a lot of money on attorneys fighting the schools or do I use that money to provide services for my child right now,” she said.

Many parents can’t afford to go up against school districts with their own legal teams, and they can’t wait for years for their cases to work through the court system, she said. So they often keep their child home and deal with the situation in silence, alone.

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“The system is completely stacked” against parents, Ursitti said.

She went with a third option. Her husband received a job opportunity in Massachusetts, which has among the nation’s best resources for kids like Jack and Rico.

Within three months of arriving in Massachusetts, the local school had placed Jack in a program for profoundly autistic students with one-on-one support that included behavioral support, speech therapy, physical therapy, everything he needed.

“What it took was moving across the country, away from all of our family, away from our Southern heritage, to a different world,” she said. “To make that move was daunting financially.”

One reason Massachusetts has better services — and something Ursitti suggests Nevada consider — is a special education law that’s stronger than federal law.

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“The school districts are aware of that,” she said, “and the services here are better because of it.”

Mark Robison is the state politics reporter for the Reno Gazette Journal, with occasional forays into other topics. Email comments to mrobison@rgj.com or comment on Mark’s Greater Reno Facebook page.



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Odd and beguiling ‘Rose of Nevada’ will haunt viewers

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Odd and beguiling ‘Rose of Nevada’ will haunt viewers


The dilapidated fishing vessel from which “Rose of Nevada” takes its name disappeared into the sea off the coast of Cornwall, England, in 1993, bringing with it two members of a shorthanded crew. A young fisherman who had called out sick that day later died by suicide; some speculate because of survivor’s guilt. There’s a lot of speculation about that old boat. It was the kind of tragedy from which a tight-knit community never really recovers, and this quaint Cornish fishing village has since been stricken by decades of poverty and rot. Now, 33 years later, the Rose has mysteriously returned. It just showed up, ship-shape and empty, sitting there in the harbor one misty Monday morning. All she needs now is another crew.

How and why the boat returned is not for me to say, nor are such matters of much concern to writer-director Mark Jenkin. A time travel adventure with the cadence of a ghost story, “Rose of Nevada” haunts the viewer like the sound of a faint, distant horn on a foggy night. George MacKay stars as Nick, a loving husband and doting dad who has been out of work for some time now. He’s also a bit of a dummy, caving in their apartment’s roof while trying to patch a leak during a rainstorm. Nick finds himself crewing the Rose out of financial necessity — he’s literally trying to put a roof over his family’s heads — while Callum Turner’s gruff drifter Liam comes aboard seemingly because he’s got nothing better to do.

George MacKay (left) and Callum Turner in writer-director Mark Jenkin’s “Rose of Nevada.” (Courtesy Ian Kingsnorth/Bosena)

Any other movie would probably try to explain exactly how these boys return from their maiden voyage with a robust catch to find themselves transported back to 1993. They discover their little town thriving and keep running into younger, happier versions of characters we’ve met in the miserable present. Everyone seems to know who Nick and Liam are, but they’re calling them different names. It’s as if the two have somehow stepped into the shoes of those doomed crewmembers from 33 years ago, brought back here by the Rose either to fix history or repeat it.

Part of what makes the movie so mesmerizing is Jenkin’s artisanal approach. He shoots on an ancient, hand-cranked 16mm Bolex camera — a model slightly less advanced than what my film school class was using three decades ago. Jenkin leans into the grainy imperfections of the image, keeping in all the scratches and light leaks that professional labs and technicians typically scrub out. It’s impossible to capture synchronized sound with this equipment, so background noises and the necessarily sparse dialogue are added later in post-production, lending an eerie, uncanny quality to the proceedings.

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The set of self-imposed limitations creates its own aesthetic. Jenkin’s hand-cranked camera won’t run for more than 28 seconds at a time, forcing him to tell the story in a series of punchy, discrete images. Instead of wide establishing shots, he favors tight closeups made even more claustrophobic by 16mm’s boxy 1.33 aspect ratio. Our brains assemble the scenes almost like a mental jigsaw puzzle, getting a full sense of the boat without ever getting a complete look at it. Same goes for the town. It’s amazing how many gaps your mind fills in for you when prompted properly.

Jenkin takes a similar approach to the screenplay, allowing rhyming images and visual cues to provide most of the exposition. I went back and watched the movie a second time to try and understand how I always felt like I knew what was happening, even though I couldn’t possibly explain what was going on. The rhythms of the picture feel almost like a dream, obeying their own strict logic that locks in perfectly at the end. Jenkin’s previous picture, the cryptic Cornish island folk tale “Enys Men,” tried similar tactics, but with annoying, off-putting results. Two of the reasons this film connects so much better are the appealing lead performances by MacKay and Turner, a couple of genuine movie stars with whom we are happy to get lost at sea.

From left, Callum Turner and George MacKay in writer-director Mark Jenkin's
From left, Callum Turner and George MacKay in writer-director Mark Jenkin’s “Rose of Nevada.” (Courtesy Steve Tanner/1-2 Special)

MacKay made no impression at all in the insipid, Oscar-winning World War I gimmick film “1917,” but has since revealed himself to be one of our most adventurous young actors. He was electrifying as a bi-curious, homophobic hooligan in the 2024 Boston Underground Film Festival favorite “Femme,” and nailed multiple roles from swoon-worthy stud to psychopathic incel stalker in Bertrand Bonello’s brain-melting “The Beast.” There’s a performative aspect when most actors play dumb, a theatricality that reminds the audience they’re actually smarter than the character. As our stranded family man Nick, MacKay offers no such condescension. He’s a dim bulb with a big heart in an unfathomable situation; his eyes sometimes touchingly, hilariously blank. So much is already beyond Nick, and then all this happens.

Most readers probably know Turner as Mr. Dua Lipa. For those who have trouble keeping track of their cute British boys, he’s the jug-eared, scruffy one who isn’t Josh O’Connor. I’ve never understood the hubbub about this guy, but he won me over here. It’s tough to recall a character in a science-fiction story quite like Liam, who, when experiencing something as foundation-shattering as time travel, figures, “Sure, why not?” and rolls with it. MacKay has some hilarious reaction shots to his screen partner’s blithe acceptance of their new reality. Though I suppose it helps that in this alternate 1993 timeline, Liam winds up with a beautiful wife and daughter, while Nick just gets stuck with overbearing parents.

I’ve been turning over the movie’s ending in my mind for a couple of weeks. “Rose of Nevada” comes to a conclusion both hopeful and bittersweet, depending on how you want to read it. This is an odd, beguiling film that doesn’t look or sound like anything else you’ll see in theaters this year. The raggedly beautiful imagery is a feast of rust and decay, the film itself dinged up like it’s followed the boat here from a distant, mysterious time.


“Rose of Nevada” opens at the Coolidge Corner Theatre on Friday, July 10.

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UNR tests whether cow manure can help restore Nevada landscapes after wildfires

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UNR tests whether cow manure can help restore Nevada landscapes after wildfires


After decades of cheatgrass-fueled wildfires across Nevada, researchers at the University of Nevada, Reno are testing whether cattle can help restore damaged rangelands by spreading native seeds as they graze.

Cheatgrass, an invasive plant common across the Great Basin, dries out early and can fuel larger wildfires, making it harder for native vegetation to return. UNR postdoctoral scholar William Richardson said the plant helps create a self-reinforcing cycle.

“Cheatgrass grows, it creates more wildfires, that allows more cheatgrass to grow, and it becomes a bigger and bigger issue. That’s why we’re seeing all these mega fires spreading across the Great Basin,” Richardson said.

The challenge continues after flames are out. In Nevada’s arid climate, native plants can struggle to reestablish, while cheatgrass often returns quickly.

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UNR tests whether cow manure can help restore Nevada landscapes after wildfires

“We struggle with getting five to eight inches of rain a year. Trying to restore a native community in those very arid conditions are extremely difficult,” Richardson said.

Ewe won’t believe it: Sheep munch away at Reno’s wildfire worries in Arrowcreek area

Ranchers already use targeted grazing to reduce cheatgrass. Now, UNR researchers are studying whether cattle can also help reseed the landscape. The approach mixes native grass seeds into protein supplements cattle already eat. Researchers then track whether the seeds can survive digestion and be spread naturally across the range after being deposited in manure.

“We’re already using cattle to combat cheatgrass through targeted grazing, and the ultimate goal is to bring native species back across the landscape, so why don’t we combine those two ideas?” Richardson said.

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In lab testing, researchers evaluated special seed coatings designed to help some seeds survive a cow’s digestive system. The results showed certain species could make it through the process and still germinate after being deposited in manure, Richardson said, though some seeds need more protection than others.

UNR tests whether cow manure can help restore Nevada landscapes after wildfires

UNR tests whether cow manure can help restore Nevada landscapes after wildfires

“Some species naturally have a very thin seed coat and require more protection, while others can go through the gut of a cow easy peasy lemon squeezy,” he said.

The project is expected to move into field testing this fall at Horseshoe Ranch near Eureka, where researchers will track whether seeds can not only survive digestion but also establish new plants on the landscape.

“It’s a passive way to restore the landscape. Instead of having to go in with a tractor or seed from an airplane, you can use cows that are already there,” Richardson said.

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UNR tests whether cow manure can help restore Nevada landscapes after wildfires

UNR tests whether cow manure can help restore Nevada landscapes after wildfires

Researchers said the method is not intended to replace traditional restoration work, but to add another tool for land managers and ranchers. If the field trials are successful, they said the approach could eventually help restore thousands — or even hundreds of thousands — of acres across the Great Basin.



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As temperatures rise, HELP of Southern Nevada continues homeless outreach efforts

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As temperatures rise, HELP of Southern Nevada continues homeless outreach efforts












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HELP of Southern Nevada continues homeless outreach efforts | Local Las Vegas | Local























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