Connect with us

Arizona

Oldest US firearm unearthed in Arizona, a bronze cannon linked to Coronado expedition

Published

on

Oldest US firearm unearthed in Arizona, a bronze cannon linked to Coronado expedition


(a) A bronze medieval-style wall or rampart gun was found at this Coronado expedition site in southern Arizona. It is 42 in (106.7 cm) long and weighs about 40 lb. The diameter of the bore is .95 in (24.7 mm) or 5 gauge. It could be fired with a solid round projectile or with buckshot. (b) The wall gun was resting on the floor of a Spanish structure. This figure shows it while under excavation, held firmly in place by roots. Credit: International Journal of Historical Archaeology (2024). DOI: 10.1007/s10761-024-00761-7

Independent researchers in Arizona have unearthed a bronze cannon linked to the Vázquez de Coronado expedition, making it the oldest firearm ever found in the continental United States. The discovery sheds new light on the artillery used during the 1539–1542 expedition into the American Southwest.

In the early 16th century, reports of wealthy cities north of Mexico sparked Spanish interest in further exploration. Inspired by the accounts of past conquistador raids and tales of the Seven Cities of Cíbola relayed by Fray Marcos de Niza, Viceroy Antonio de Mendoza organized an expedition led by Francisco Vázquez de Coronado in 1539.

Coronado, who mortgaged his wife’s possessions and borrowed heavily for the excursion, went in search of these legendary cities in hopes of stealing gold and precious stones, claiming land and enslaving large populations for forced labor.

Advertisement

With 150 mounted soldiers, 200 infantrymen, and hundreds of native recruits, the expedition would ultimately face disappointment when the cities did not match the grandeur described. Instead of finding riches or large populations to enslave, the armed force mostly looted blankets and pottery from small Pueblo communities in the Southwest before turning back when they reached the Great Plains of Kansas.

In the study, “Coronado’s Cannon: A 1539–42 Coronado Expedition Cannon Discovered in Arizona,” published in the International Journal of Historical Archaeology, the team details a bronze cannon found at an excavation site in the Santa Cruz Valley of Arizona and how they connect it to Francisco Vázquez de Coronado.

The cannon was found on the floor of a Spanish stone-and-adobe structure, dated to the Coronado era using radiocarbon dating and optically stimulated luminescence techniques. Other artifacts recovered from the site align with the expedition, including European pottery and olive jar sherds, glass shards, and weapon parts.

Sometimes referred to as a wall gun, the unearthed cannon was an early type of firearm requiring two people to operate. Designed primarily for use along fortification walls, the expedition reportedly utilized them as an offensive weapon to breach wooden or light adobe walls of domestic dwellings in the cities they encountered.

Measuring 42 inches in length and weighing about 40 pounds, the cannon type would typically make use of a large wooden tripod. It shows evidence of being sand-cast with three sprue marks along the bottom axis and four iron pins used in the casting process. The plain and unadorned casting design suggests it may have been cast in Mexico or the Caribbean rather than Spain, where a more decorative approach was common.

Advertisement

It is also suggested that the cannon could have been purchased from a previous Spanish expedition, possibly even from Ponce de León. The cannon was found unloaded and shows no evidence of use in the battle, raising questions about why it was left behind.

Historical accounts indicate that the local Sobaipuri O’odham people attacked the settlement, leading to the Spaniards retreating from the area. Clusters of lead shot and distinctive Sobaipuri arrowheads at the site reinforce the narrative of a confrontation.

This discovery provides the first known firearm from the Coronado expedition and offers insights into early Spanish-Native American interactions in the Southwest. Further analyses are planned to determine the gun’s exact origins and study other site artifacts.

More information:
Deni J. Seymour et al, Coronado’s Cannon: A 1539-42 Coronado Expedition Cannon Discovered in Arizona, International Journal of Historical Archaeology (2024). DOI: 10.1007/s10761-024-00761-7

© 2024 Science X Network

Advertisement

Citation:
Oldest US firearm unearthed in Arizona, a bronze cannon linked to Coronado expedition (2024, November 25)
retrieved 25 November 2024
from https://phys.org/news/2024-11-oldest-firearm-unearthed-arizona-bronze.html

This document is subject to copyright. Apart from any fair dealing for the purpose of private study or research, no
part may be reproduced without the written permission. The content is provided for information purposes only.

Advertisement





Source link

Continue Reading
Advertisement
Click to comment

Leave a Reply

Your email address will not be published. Required fields are marked *

This site uses Akismet to reduce spam. Learn how your comment data is processed.

Arizona

What Tommy Lloyd and Arizona players said after road win over Cincinnati

Published

on

What Tommy Lloyd and Arizona players said after road win over Cincinnati


It was the first road game in the Big 12 for the men’s basketball team, and the Wildcats came out with a close win against Cincinnati 72-67. Arizona is now 2-0 in Big 12 play. The road trip continues on Tuesday when it plays West Virginia.

Our game recap can be found here. Below is what Tommy Lloyd and forwards Henri Veesaar and Carter Bryant had to say afterward:

Lloyd on the differences in finishing between Cincinnati and UCLA: The biggest situation is we found a way, and, you know, our guys kind of hung in there. We had a big lead, and it’s happened to us before. This year, happens to UCLA a couple weeks ago. We’re up 13, and the games get tough, these other teams are good, they’re talented. They amp up the pressure. I thought our guys did a good job of hanging with it. The turnovers crushed us. The offensive rebounding hurt us. Then KJ Lewis made two amazing kind of driving plays where he didn’t have much at the end, he got on two feet, pivoted, pivoted, and just found a way to wheel in two baskets. That’s what we didn’t do against UCLA. We were never able to kind of hold on to that lead a little bit longer and and then, then the game got tied. I’m like, come on, we got to find a way on this one. These guys deserve it. They’re amazing, and it’ll be a kind of a pivotal moment for our season.

On what went on during the final moments of the game: We kind of drew up something out of the time out that we’d never really done before. It allowed Jaden Bradley to get downhill and make a layup. The play wasn’t necessarily for that, but that was one of the options, and he made a layup. I think when the game was tied, we got that two point lead, and I think we got to stop, and we were able to, kind of possession by possession, find a way from there.

Advertisement

On Carter Bryant’s performance: Carter is really making progress and the one thing about Carter is, I’ve told him, he checks two boxes that are really hard to check. He’s an elite talent, and he has elite character. The game is going to come to him, the refinement is going to come, the experience is going to come. The progress he’s made in the last month has been game changing for us and I’m really proud of him. When you’re somebody with Carter’s stature, and you come to a place out of Arizona, the expectations might be a little unrealistic. Sometimes it works out for freshmen right away. A lot of times it doesn’t, and you just kind of hang with it, and he’s hung with it. He’s continued to get better, he has an amazing attitude. He’s five for five, three for three. He should have made that other free throw. He had a perfect night. Super proud of him, super proud of him, and the person that he is.

On Caleb Love’s shooting: They’re good defenders. Cincinnati is a great defensive team, and we knew that coming in. We knew they were going to pay a lot of attention to Caleb and really make his touches harder. I thought he had a few good looks and a few drives that were 50/50 foul calls he maybe could have got, but he didn’t. I know we ran an out of bounds play for him at the end, he got stripped at the top of the key, three that kind of iced the game that rimmed out. Those are shots I want him taking. He’s a winner. Caleb is someone I love and, and I love being in the fight with him and I love that. Sometimes maybe people aren’t rooting for him, because you know what? We love the guy, and we’re gonna ride with him every day.

On trying to pull away when up 19 points: I’m hoping, you know you never know, right. These games are tough, and you’re hoping. It’s obviously a great environment when you show up before tip off, and every seat’s full, it’s going to be something special. I thought for 30 minutes we did an unbelievable job keeping that crowd really quiet, and then we maybe got a little fatigued. The sense of urgency amped up a little bit, created some turnovers, and they got out in transition and got themselves back in the game. That’s something for us to continue to look at. It’s tough to get a 19 point lead at a place like Cincinnati, so we got to put that in our back pocket, and know we can do it. The next thing is, how do you manage that? I think we can grow there.

On how Trey Townsend and Anthony Dell’Orso have adapted to the expectations at Arizona: Well, they’ve been great. I mean, they’re first class individuals, first class dudes. One of the things we try to spend a lot of time on, some of these guys won’t be at Arizona for three or four or five years. We really do as good a job as we can educating them on the history and the legacy of Arizona basketball, the former players, the great teams, the tough moments. We spend a lot of time talking about that stuff. There’s a lot of conversation between former players and current players, and they’ve been awesome and they’re helping us so much. Everybody that got on the court today really contributed, which makes us a total team effort.

On Veesaar playing more minutes: The only indication on this team is how the game’s going. Henri’s getting better and better, and Henri knows this. I stuck with him through thick and thin, and I’ve always been a huge Henry Veesaar fan. He and I have always had great conversations. And you know what? He’s finally getting his chance. He’s getting some game confidence, and so is Carter. Game confidence is a huge deal to have confidence in games. You get better in workouts, you get better in practice, but to be able to do it in games really kind of cements it. I think these guys are taking the next steps as players, and I look forward to that. They know that I’m going to probably come with three or four things on film tomorrow that they can do better and, and that’s just how we operate.

Advertisement

On Tobe Awaka struggling in the game: He had a couple of tough fouls, you know, the intentional foul or the flagrant foul, and he had another play where he chucked the guy in the lane. Henri gets in there, I think Henri was plus 20. That matters, you know. I don’t know the stats in the moment of the game, but you feel him as a coach, and the guy that’s got a guy that’s plus 20 and helping you move the ball and handle the pressure. You kind of roll with that guy. Other days it might be Tobe, but Tobe has been getting better and better and better. His feel for the game, his understanding of what we’re trying to do is getting better every day as well.

On Love and Jaden Bradley playing more minutes: One thing I’m learning about the Big 12 that I guess we weren’t doing right early. Since our inaugural year, they have longer timeouts. These timeouts are like three minutes against honestly, it’s like the NCAA tournament. Your guys get rested, and you don’t have back to back games. You don’t have a game between games very often. I think you’re comfortable playing, you know, some of your guys more minutes.

Lloyd on the significance of equipment manager Brian Brigger: I’m just gonna say this, and I’ll probably get a little bit emotional. Brian Brigger, that’s a great effing dude. This guy, he’s an Xavier guy, so he doesn’t love the Cincinnati people, but what he’s been to our program, and he came before I was there, it’s so special. What we told our guys, we have to dig deeper today. Think of Brian Brigger. The passion he brings, and this is our equipment manager, the passion he brings every day, the professionalism he brings to his job, the team player that he is, It says something about our culture and our guys. I think, you know, the easiest guy to pick up. I think they picked him up after the game in the locker room. I thought we might have to wheelbarrow him out, but they picked him up, and so hey, I mean, Brian Brigger, someone we love. Our love for him helped us dig a little bit deeper today. I know normally coaches don’t start out talking about an equipment manager at a press conference, but this dude is something different. He’s special.

Veesaar on responding to losing the 19-point lead: We just knew we had to pull away with this one. Obviously, we had the UCLA game, so we had experience already from the season. So this one, we just knew we had to win that like state poise and make play by play.

Bryant on responding to losing the 19 point lead: Coach Lloyd said it was just one we had to get. We fought with it. We started building. We trusted our game plan. We executed everything to not necessarily a tee, but as well as you can ask for with the environment and playing against a great defensive team like this.

Advertisement

Bryant on his role with the team right now: Just being ready when my number is gone. I think me and everybody that played did a great job of contributing the way that we needed to. We know every night it’s gonna be somebody’s night, because we have such great players, and we work on it every day. I see all these guys in the gym every day, so I don’t think it’s necessarily the position that I’m in or the spot. I think it’s just a game to game thing.



Source link

Continue Reading

Arizona

No Burn Day issued for Maricopa County, cooler temps ahead for Arizona

Published

on

No Burn Day issued for Maricopa County, cooler temps ahead for Arizona


PHOENIX (AZFamily) — Saturday temperatures will be 5 to 10 degrees cooler than Friday’s record of 81 degrees. Highs will be near 72 in the Valley today, which is still above the average high temperature of 66. The record for today is 83 degrees, set in 1927.

A No Burn Day has been issued for Sunday for Arizona. Highs will stay in the low 70s on Sunday and Monday. An upper-level center of low pressure will move in from the north on Tuesday into Wednesday.

This will bring partly cloudy skies to the Valley, with highs in the low 70s on Tuesday and then the upper 60s on Wednesday.

Breezes may also pick up on Wednesday to add to the cooler temperatures. Temperatures will likely stay in the upper 60s for the end of next week, but the exact numbers will depend on the evolution of the upper-level low.

Advertisement

For the high country, winds will pick up today with a wind advisory starting at 11 a.m. for parts of eastern Arizona, including Show Low and Window Rock.

In this region, gusts of 35 to 45 mph are possible. The north central mountains will also get breezy, possibly in locations like Flagstaff, with 25 to 30 mph gusts. Colder temperatures will arrive for the mountains next Tuesday through Thursday, with a 20% to 30% chance of rain and snow showers.

See a spelling or grammatical error in our story? Please click here to report it.

Do you have a photo or video of a breaking news story? Send it to us here with a brief description.

Advertisement



Source link

Continue Reading

Arizona

Arizona men’s basketball at Cincinnati: Game time, odds, streaming info and more

Published

on

Arizona men’s basketball at Cincinnati: Game time, odds, streaming info and more


It’s Game Day!

The Arizona Wildcats play hit the road for the first time in the Big 12, taking on the 16th-ranked Cincinnati Bearcats. The UA is 4-0 all-time against Cincinnati.

Here’s all the info you need to watch, listen to or follow the game online:

Arizona-Cincinnati game time, details:

  • Date: Saturday, Jan. 4, 2024
  • Time: 12:30 p.m. MT
  • Location: Fifth Third Arena; Cincinnati, Ohio
  • Line: According to FanDuel Sportsbook, Arizona is a 2.5-point underdog and the over/under is 146.5. KenPom.com gives the UA a 38 percent chance of winning.

How can I watch Arizona-Cincinnati?

Arizona-Cincinnati will be shown on ESPN2. Rich Hollenberg (play-by-play) and Fran Fraschilla (analyst) will be calling the game.

How can I stream Arizona-Cincinnati online?

The stream of Arizona-Cincinnati can be streamed at ESPN.com.

Advertisement

How can I listen to Arizona-Cincinnati on the radio?

You can listen to Arizona-Cincinnati on Wildcats Sports Radio 1290 AM.

How can I follow Arizona-Cincinnati?

By following us on Twitter (X) at @AZDesertSwarm and our editor Brian Pedersen (@realBJP).

Arizona-TCU pregame coverage:





Source link

Continue Reading

Trending