JACKSON, Miss.—A Mississippi permit board rejected global biomass manufacturer Drax’s bid to scale up production in a southwest Mississippi town, delivering a victory to residents who blame the company for worsening air quality in the area.

After nearly four hours of deliberations, Mississippi’s Environmental Quality Permit Board in Jackson denied Drax’s request to reclassify its Gloster, Miss., plant as a “major” source of hazardous air pollutants, or HAPs. The change would have raised the threshold for harmful emissions authorized at the facility, which has previously been cited for multiple air pollution violations.

Five board members voted against the new permit and one member abstained.

“Today, we’re denying these requests,” Permit Board Chairman Doug Mann said at the April 8 hearing. “We encourage (Drax) to continue to work with (Mississippi Department of Environmental Quality) staff to monitor those chemicals … and keep them out of the environment.”

Boasting a formidable presence in the southeastern United States, United Kingdom-based Drax produces wood pellets from local forests used to generate electricity—a process that releases dust particles and various hazardous substances like acrolein and methanol. The company has touted its product as a cleaner alternative to fossil fuels, though growing evidence suggests the production and burning of wood pellets yields more climate-warming emissions on a cumulative basis.

Since 2016, when Drax opened its facility on the fringes of downtown Gloster, residents have reported a range of respiratory illnesses and other health problems that they insist stem from the plant’s operations. Local organizers and advocates have held numerous events over the years to highlight conditions in the town, with some even traveling to the UK to meet with top Drax executives and demand reforms to their overseas business practices.

Residents used last week’s permit board meeting as another opportunity to underscore their predicament, claiming emissions from the Drax facility have made their town unsafe.

Gloster resident Carmella Causey says emissions from the Drax wood pellet manufacturing plant in town have caused her to develop severe respiratory problems and other health issues. Here, Causey poses for a photo following a public hearing at the Gloster Public Library on Nov. 14, 2024. Photo by Illan Ireland

“I can’t walk from my bathroom to my bedroom because I can’t breathe,” Carmella Causey, a Gloster resident with a portable oxygen concentrator, said in a statement to the permit board. “It does not make sense that we are being killed in our community in broad daylight by an object that we can’t see.”

Local advocates, meanwhile, accused Drax of flouting environmental standards and exposing vulnerable Mississippians to dangerous pollutants for the sake of its bottom line.

“This industry has shown … that they don’t care about the law,” Katherine Egland, co-founder of the local environmental justice group EEECHO, said during the meeting. “They’re nothing but a bunch of well-subsidized corporate assassins who readily put profit over people.”

Drax representatives at the meeting said they simply want to bring production in line with what their current operating permit allows. This would require being reclassified as a major HAP source in Mississippi, one executive explained.

“With the increased (emissions) limits, we could increase production, but not above whatever the permit limits,” Brad Mayhew, vice president of Drax’s southern operations, told the permit board on April 8.

The Mississippi Free Press reached out to Drax for comment after the meeting, but did not hear back by press time.

Gloster resident Isaiah Selman holds up a “Stop Drax” sign at the Mississippi Environmental Quality Permit Board meeting on April 8, 2025. He and other residents shared statements at the meeting condemning Drax’s operations in the town. Photo by Illan Ireland

Since 2016, Mississippi regulatory agencies have fined Drax three times for emissions-related violations, including a $2.5 million fine in 2020 that represents one of the largest Clean Air Act penalties in state history. A 2024 investigation from the Land and Climate Review also found that its U.S. facilities have broken environmental regulations more than 11,000 times since 2014.

Despite this track record and the outcome of last week’s hearing, the permit board indicated that it might revisit Drax’s request down the road if the plant can keep emissions in check.

“This is a rapidly developing industry,” Mann said following the vote. “Hopefully, in the near future, there will be ways to mitigate all of these HAPs and other bad things that the process generates.”

Speaking with the Mississippi Free Press on April 10, Egland said advocates will use the board’s decision to continue raising awareness about Drax and pressure lawmakers to take a stand against the company. She bristled at the idea that Drax should be granted more leeway with emissions just because it belongs to an “emerging industry.”

“We don’t think that our Mississippi residents should be pawns in an experimental (process),” Egland concluded. “We should not be suffering because they are on a learning curve.”

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