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Alabama set to execute inmate with nitrogen gas, a never before used method

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Alabama set to execute inmate with nitrogen gas, a never before used method


MONTGOMERY, Ala. — Alabama will attempt to put an inmate to death with nitrogen gas on Thursday night, a never before used execution method that the state claims will be humane but critics call cruel and experimental.

Kenneth Eugene Smith, a 58-year-old convicted killer whose 2022 lethal injection was called off at the last minute because authorities couldn’t connect an IV line, is scheduled to be executed at a south Alabama prison.

Alabama plans to put an industrial-type respirator mask over Smith’s face and replace his breathing air with pure nitrogen gas, causing him to die from lack of oxygen. The execution will be the first attempt to use a new execution method since the 1982 introduction of lethal injection, now the most common execution method in the United States.

Attorneys for Smith have waged a legal battle to halt the execution, arguing that the state is seeking to make Smith the “test case” for the new execution method that merits more legal scrutiny before it is used on an inmate.

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“It’s an experiment,” said the Rev. Jeff Hood, Smith’s spiritual advisor and a death penalty opponent.

The U.S. Supreme Court on Wednesday rejected Smith’s argument that it would be unconstitutional to make another attempt to execute him after the failed lethal injection. The U.S. 11th Circuit Court of Appeals on Wednesday night also declined to halt the the execution, saying Smith had not sufficiently supported claims the new execution method would violate the constitutional ban on cruel and unusual punishment. His attorneys are expected to appeal that decision to the U.S. Supreme Court.

Smith is one of two men convicted in the 1988 murder-for-hire slaying of Elizabeth Sennett. Prosecutors said he and the other man were each paid $1,000 to kill Sennett on behalf of her pastor husband, who was deeply in debt and wanted to collect on insurance.

Alabama plans to strap Smith to a gurney in the execution chamber — the same chamber where he was strapped down for several hours during the lethal injection attempt — and place a “full facepiece supplied air respirator” over his face. After he is given a chance to make a final statement, the warden, from another room, will activate the nitrogen gas. The nitrogen will be administered through the mask for at least 15 minutes or “five minutes following a flatline indication on the EKG, whichever is longer,” according to the state protocol.

Some states are looking for new ways to execute inmates because the drugs used in lethal injections, the most common execution method in the United States, are increasingly difficult to find. Three states — Alabama, Mississippi and Oklahoma — have authorized nitrogen hypoxia as an execution method, but no state has attempted to use the untested method until now.

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Alabama Attorney General Steve Marshall said Wednesday night that he believes the courts will allow the execution to proceed.

“My office stands ready to carry on the fight for Liz Sennett. Two courts have now rejected Smith’s claims. I remain confident that the Supreme Court will come down on the side of justice, and that Smith’s execution will be carried out,” Marshall said.

The victim’s son, Charles Sennett Jr., said in an interview with WAAY-TV that Smith “has to pay for what he’s done.”

“And some of these people out there say, ‘Well, he doesn’t need to suffer like that.’ Well, he didn’t ask Mama how to suffer?” the son said. “They just did it. They stabbed her — multiple times.”

The state has predicted the nitrogen gas will cause unconsciousness within seconds and death within minutes. A state attorney told the 11th Circuit that it will be “the most painless and humane method of execution known to man,”

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But some doctors and organizations have raised alarm about the state’s plan.

“It’s indefensible for Alabama officials to simply dismiss the very real risks this untested method presents and experiment on a man who has already survived one execution attempt,” said Robin M. Maher, executive director of the Death Penalty Information Center.

Much of what is known about death by nitrogen gas comes from industrial accidents or suicide attempts. Dr. Philip Nitschke, a euthanasia expert who designed a suicide pod using nitrogen gas and appeared as an expert witness for Smith, said nitrogen can provide a peaceful, hypoxic death, but said he has concerns about Alabama’s proposal to use a mask.

Nitschke told The Associated Press that Smith’s facial hair, jaw movements and involuntary movements as he feels the effect of the nitrogen could impact the seal. If there are leaks, Smith could continue to draw in enough oxygen, “to prolong into what could be a very rather macabre, slow process of slowly not getting enough oxygen,” Nitschke said. He said he could envision scenarios where the execution goes quickly or seriously awry.

Marshall’s office noted in court filings that Smith previously suggested nitrogen as an alternative method when fighting attempts to execute him by lethal injection. Courts require inmates challenging execution methods to suggest another available alternative. Alabama at the time had not developed a nitrogen protocol. Robert Grass, an attorney for Smith, told federal courts that they are challenging the specific way the state plans to administer the nitrogen. They argued the use of a gas mask puts Smith at risk for a prolonged and painful death or choking to death on his own vomit.

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The American Veterinary Medical Association in 2020 euthanasia guidelines wrote nitrogen hypoxia is not an acceptable euthanasia method for most mammals because the anoxic environment “is distressing.” Experts appointed by the United Nations Human Rights Council cautioned they believe the execution method could violate the prohibition on torture.

Sennett, 45, was found dead March 18, 1988, in her home in Colbert County with eight stab wounds in the chest and one on each side of her neck, according to the coroner. Her husband, Charles Sennett Sr., killed himself when the investigation focused on him as a suspect, according to court documents. John Forrest Parker, the other man convicted in the slaying, was executed in 2010.

Smith’s 1989 conviction was overturned. He was convicted again in 1996. The jury recommended a life sentence by 11-1, but a judge overrode the recommendation and sentenced Smith to death. Alabama no longer allows a judge to override a jury’s death penalty decision.



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Alabama AME Bishop on Redistricting: “The Role of Black Church is to Be the Guardian of Democracy.”

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Alabama AME Bishop on Redistricting: “The Role of Black Church is to Be the Guardian of Democracy.”


Bishop Julius McAllister is the 144th Bishop of the African Methodist Episcopal Church in Alabama where he serves as the Presiding Prelate of the Ninth Episcopal District. (Amarr Croskey, For The Birmingham Times)

By Shauna Stuart | The Birmingham Times

In May, Bishop Julius McAllister, Jr. knew he had to join the fight against redistricting in Alabama.

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McAllister is the 144th Bishop of the African Methodist Episcopal Church in Alabama where he  serves as the Presiding Prelate of the Ninth Episcopal District, leading parishioners across 250 churches in the state. McAllister is a South Carolina native, and one of his political inspirations is educator and civil rights activist Rep. James Clyburn, South Carolina’s only Black Democratic Congressman and one of the longest serving members of the U.S. House of Representatives. In South Carolina, McAllister says he saw the work Clyburn was doing in the community and his leadership within his congressional delegation.

A fourth-generation minister, McAllister says religious leaders should be involved in the democratic process.

“I really believe as a faith leader, that democracy functions best when maps are fair. And communities remain intact when voters choose their elected officials, rather than elected officials choosing their voters,” said McAllister.  “This is not a Democratic issue or a Republican issue. It is an American issue. It is a constitutional issue, and for people of faith, it’s a justice issue.”

McAllister closely monitored the rapid timeline of Republican-led states’ efforts to redraw voting district lines immediately after the Louisiana vs Callis decision on April 29.

So, when Gov. Kay Ivey called a special legislative session to authorize plans that would eliminate the state’s only two Democratic majority legislative seats, McAllister knew he had to make the trip to Montgomery to convene with fellow voting rights activists.

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The week of the session, on the grounds of the state capitol, McAllister attended press conferences where politicians and activists from around the state, including Rep. Terri Sewell, gave passionate speeches condemning the dismantling of voting rights protections and urged concerned crowds to stay involved in the political process. During the rallies, he saw attendees holding signs raised high with phrases saying, “Jim Crow Doesn’t Live Here” and “We’re Not Going Back to the 60s.”

The displays of unity inspired McAllister to start creating a plan of action to motivate more clergy to join the battle.

When we see this rapid succession of folk trying to dismantle democracy, the Black church cannot be guilty of moving at a snail’s pace when the enemy is moving at lightning speed,” said McAllister.  “We have to gird up our loins, and we have to go to work.”

Read more:  65 Years Later, the Freedom Riders Are Ready for Another Battle: ‘This Movement Has to be Reopened

Bishop Julius McAllister Jr. gathers with a group of fellow faith leaders in Selma on May 16 during the All Roads Lead to the South. (Provided, Bishop Julius Mcallister Jr.)

An ecumenical movement

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At the Capitol, he spoke to Rep. Sewell about an idea. Drawing on the historic role Black churches played during the voting rights movement of the 1960s, McAllister wanted to organize a large press conference at one of the AME churches near the state capitol where faith leaders, politicians, activists, and community members could gather to discuss concerns about redistricting. He and Sewell talked about bringing together clergy people, state legislators, and community members from different jurisdictions.

“We talked about making this an ecumenical movement. And then, after having that type of ministry experience in the church, then we would go to the state capitol and walk from the church to the state capitol and then begin to expound to a larger audience,” said McAllister.

Sewell and other leaders had similar ideas. McAllister says Sewell started putting “feet to the vision” and shared his concept with other stakeholders and partners who also wanted to organize a mass political convening.

“And in my wildest dreams, I never thought that we would be able to move forward in such a high-powered way,” said McAllister.

McAllister soon heard talk of “All Roads Lead to the South,” a campaign for thousands of people to return to Selma and Montgomery in the footsteps of the historic voting rights movement as a clarion call to protest efforts to redraw redistricting maps. The effort would call for attendees to gather for a mass meeting in the morning, march across the Edmund Pettus Bridge in Selma, and then rally in Montgomery at the Alabama State House.

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As the idea for “All Roads Lead to the South” continued to evolve, McAllister and his wife, Deana — the ninth district’s leadership supervisor, wanted to ensure other faith leaders would heed the call to get involved and spread the word about the campaign. So they helped to organize a massive virtual town hall, sponsored by the Ninth Episcopal District of the African Methodist Episcopal Church. They extended invitations to leaders of the AME Church, the CME church, and the AME Zion Church. And they sent out calls to historically Black fraternities and sororities and to politicians, including U.S. representatives Terri Sewell, Shomari Figures, and James Clyburn, as well as Alabama State representative Anthony Daniels from Huntsville.

Days later, on May 16, the All Roads Lead to the South campaign started with a mass meeting at the historic Tabernacle Baptist Church, the site of the first mass meeting of the Selma voting rights movement in 1963. That morning, Bishop McAllister stood among more than 30 faith leaders from around the country to pray for the nation and decry efforts to dismantle the voting rights protections activists fought and died for more than 60 years ago.

READ MORE: ‘History Started Here’: A New Voting Rights Movement Rises in Selma and Montgomery

After the mass meeting, as attendees left the church in groups to march to the Edmund Pettus Bridge and pay homage to the non-violent activists beaten by Alabama State Troopers during the Bloody Sunday march of 1965, McAllister led an assembly of clergy members.

Reflecting on that morning, McAllister says he was proud to stand in the footsteps of ministers who heeded the call to action during the 1960s voting rights movement in Selma. He recalls the story of I.H. Bonner, the presiding Bishop of the African Methodist Episcopal Church in Alabama.

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During the 1960s, Black churches across the state, including Selma, hosted mass meetings to help organize and educate Black citizens about securing the right to vote. In 1964, Gov. George Wallace ordered Alabama courts to issue an injunction to prohibit meetings in Black churches. Churches that disobeyed the order would risk losing their nonprofit status. Rev. P.H. Lewis, pastor of Brown Chapel AME Church and Bishop Bonner defied the injunction.

“Bonner said he would not allow anyone to tell him what to do with his church,” said McAllister. “And he told Brown Chapel to remain open and allow Martin Luther King Jr. Andrew Young, Ralph Abernathy, John Lewis, all of the stalwarts from the Civil Rights Movement and everyday people to meet.”

Brown Chapel would ultimately become the site of mass meetings leading up to the 1965 marches from Selma to Montgomery.   This history is one of the reasons why McAllister calls Selma, Montgomery, and Birmingham sacred.

“I really believe that those places are holy ground,” said McAllister. “Because men and women risked everything so future generations could have a voice.”

Bishop Julius McAllister Jr. says the role of faith leaders is to continue to engage society. (Amarr Croskey, For The Birmingham Times)

The role of the Black church: The guardian of democracy

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McAllister moved from Tallahassee, where he served as the senior minister of Bethel African Methodist Episcopal church, to Birmingham in August 2024. He says he is honored to serve his first assignment as bishop in such a sacred historic district.

“To hear (more) about the major civil rights movement in cities and places like Selma and Montgomery, Birmingham, and Mobile, it gave me a clear sense of what our ancestors had to go through.”

Since arriving in Alabama, McAllister and his family have attended historic commemorations and met living witnesses to history.

Last year, McAllister gave remarks at the unveiling of the Statue of Rosa Parks on the grounds of the Alabama State Capitol. It was a full circle moment for McAllister. He met Rosa Parks in 1995 as a young cleric at an annual conference in Detroit.

When McAllister moved to the district, he also met Joyce Parrish O’Neal. O’Neal, a longtime member of Brown Chapel AME who currently serves as the church’s historian. As a teenager, O’Neal was active in the voting rights movement in Selma and walked on the final leg of the Selma to Montgomery marches with her mother and sister.

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“And the stories that she tells along with her sister, it continues to pierce the canyons of your soul to understand the tremendous amount of sacrifice and commitment they made at a very, very young age,” said McAllister. “But they did not allow that to stay on that bridge. They took it with them and became civil rights leaders in their own right. And we praised God and received an inordinate amount of strength from the stories they share with us even today.”

Fast forward to more than 60 years after the voting rights movement of the 1960s, McAllister says activists joining the fight against redistricting are coming to complete unfinished business.  And to McAllister, the role of the Black church is to be the guardian of democracy.

In early June, the Supreme Court ruled to allow Alabama to use a congressional map favoring Republicans in this year’s upcoming elections. The move blocks a lower court ruling that the redistricting plan intentionally discriminates against Black people, reports the Associated Press.

Now, McAllister says the role of faith leaders is to continue to engage society.

“The role of the Black church, as you know, has never been confined to the four walls of the sanctuary. The same church that preached salvation on Sunday, organized voter registration drives all during the week,” said McAllister. “I think when it comes to redistricting and gerrymandering, I think that faith leaders and the Black church have a responsibility to educate, to mobilize, and to advocate. And I think the last piece would be what we do best — inspire.”

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Bishop Julius McAllister is the 144th Bishop of the African Methodist Episcopal Church in Alabama. (Amarr Croskey, For The Birmingham Times)



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Two Alabama football greats named top bargain-bin NFL free agents

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Two Alabama football greats named top bargain-bin NFL free agents


The NFL preseason schedule kicks off in less than a month, and several former Alabama football players remain available on the free agent market. Some are names that are instantly recognizable to Crimson Tide fans.

Bleacher Report recently named two former Alabama stars to a list of seven bargain-bin free agents that could help NFL teams in 2026. Running back Najee Harris made the list, as did cornerback Trevon Diggs.

Harris left Alabama as the school’s all-time leading rusher with 3,843 yards between 2017-20, surpassing Derrick Henry’s previous record of 3,591 yards. He was the 24th overall pick by the Pittsburgh Steelers in the 2021 NFL Draft and had four straight 1,000-yard rushing seasons to start his pro career.

Due to injuries, Harris played in only three games during his first and only season with the Chargers in 2025. He suffered a torn Achilles in the team’s Week 3 win over the Denver Broncos on Sept. 21.

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Moe Moton of Bleacher Report said of the 28-year-old Harris:

“On the back end of his prime years, Harris can still be an early-down contributor in a running back duo or platoon. He’s not an explosive rusher, but his 6’1″, 242-pound frame can be featured in short-yardage and goal-line situations.”

Diggs, meanwhile, remains on the free agent market after playing in nine games total last season between the Dallas Cowboys and Green Bay Packers.

The former Crimson Tide cornerback from 2016-19 was a second-round pick by the Cowboys in 2020 after totaling four interceptions, 21 pass breakups and two forced fumbles. He had a thrilling 100-yard fumble return for a touchdown against Tennessee in 2019, and an 84-yard pick six against Arkansas the following week.

For his NFL career, Diggs has 20 interceptions, 63 pass breakups and two forced fumbles in 67 games.

“Once a ball hawk in the Cowboys’ secondary, Diggs can rediscover his tip-top form if healthy ahead of the 2026 term. He finished the 2025 season without an interception, but if the six-year veteran makes it through training camp with another club, he could carve out a role in nickel and dime packages.” –Moe Moton, Bleacher Report.

The Miami Dolphins and Detroit Lions were listed among potential suitors for Diggs.

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Alabama football players still available in NFL free agency

Cam Robinson, offensive tackle

Back in June, ESPN named Robinson the fifth-best overall player in its free agency rankings. A second-round pick by the Jacksonville Jaguars in the 2017 NFL Draft after three years at Alabama, Robinson spent his first seven-plus NFL seasons with the Jags. He played in 11 games last season for the Cleveland Browns.

Jonah Williams, offensive tackle

Williams, who played at Alabama from 2016-18, also made ESPN’s list as the 13th-best overall player remaining in free agency. He was a four-year starter for the Cincinnati Bengals after being drafted 11th overall in 2019. Williams played for the Arizona Cardinals the past two seasons but appeared in just 15 games.

Jayln Armour-Davis, defensive back

The former Alabama cornerback from 2019-21 has played in 30 career NFL games with 13 starts and has four pass breakups and two tackles for loss. He was a fourth-round pick by the Baltimore Ravens in 2022.

Follow us at @RollTideWire on X, and like our page on Facebook, for ongoing coverage of Alabama Crimson Tide news, notes and opinions.





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Funeral set for Alabama firefighter killed in Colorado wildfire (my favorite)

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Funeral set for Alabama firefighter killed in Colorado wildfire (my favorite)


Funeral arrangements have been announced for an Alabama wildland firefighter who was killed while battling a wildfire in western Colorado.

Sydney Watson, 27, of Warrior, Alabama, died June 27 while assigned to the U.S. Wildland Fire Service’s Rifle Helitack crew. She was one of three firefighters killed during a burnover event while conducting initial attack operations on the Knowles Fire near the Colorado-Utah border.

Watson’s family will receive friends from 4 p.m. to 6 p.m. Tuesday, July 7, at Highpoint Community Church, 185 Morris-Cobb Road in Empire. A celebration of life service will begin at 6 p.m.

Fire departments from across the region are expected to honor Watson with an apparatus detail before the service. Participating fire apparatus will stage at the church between 3:30 p.m. and 6 p.m. There will be no procession following the celebration of life, and all participating vehicles are asked to be in place before 4 p.m.

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In lieu of flowers, Watson’s family asks that memorial donations be made to the Wildland Firefighter Foundation or the National Park Foundation in her memory.

Watson was among three wildland firefighters killed while responding to the Knowles Fire on June 27. Federal officials said she and her crew were conducting initial attack operations when they were caught in a fatal burnover. Two other firefighters were injured and continue to recover.

The other firefighters who died were identified as Emily Barker, 38, of Clinton Township, Michigan, and Nick Hutcherson, 27, of Glendale, Arizona.

Following the incident, the Knowles Fire merged with several other fires to become the larger Snyder Fire along the Colorado-Utah border.

A serious accident investigation remains underway to determine what led to the deadly burnover.

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U.S. Wildland Fire Service Chief Brian Fennessy previously said the firefighters “embodied the courage, professionalism and selflessness that define the wildland fire service” and made the ultimate sacrifice while protecting others.



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