Vermont
Vermont’s 1st comprehensive bee assessment finds 70 new species — and 55 that need more protection
The primary-ever complete research of Vermont’s bee populations has documented 70 new species — 20% of the species identified to exist in Vermont — because of 55,000 observations from biologists and citizen scientists.
Biologists hope the info will assist preserve a few of Vermont’s 352 bee species sooner or later.
“A couple of species collapsed and disappeared within the late ’90s,” Spencer Hardy, the report’s lead creator, mentioned at a webinar on Thursday. “We did not understand it till after the actual fact, and it was too late to do something. Had we had a long-term monitoring program occurring, we’d have been capable of decide that up earlier and to deal with the issue.”
55 bee species urgently want extra safety, in line with the brand new report, referred to as State of Vermont’s Wild Bees, which was issued this week by biologists on the Vermont Middle for Ecostudies in collaboration with Vermont Fish & Wildlife Division. It’s a bit of the Vermont Atlas of Life, a log of various species that exist across the state.
Bees are dealing with various threats, together with illness, launched species, pesticides, local weather change and land use modifications.
Some wild bees have contracted pathogens that come from farmed bees, Hardy mentioned. When farmers use commercially produced bumblebee colonies for pollination in greenhouses, for instance, these bees can unfold pathogens to wild bumblebees when the business bees forage outdoors and are available into contact with native populations, in line with the report.
“This can be a large one which has been implicated within the decline of some bumblebees — pathogens coming from cultivated bumblebees,” he mentioned.
This level generally causes confusion, Hardy mentioned. Some Vermonters have informed him they wish to hold bees to fight species decline. However honeybees, which aren’t native to the state, also can unfold pathogens — and round 95% of Vermont is inside foraging vary of a honeybee hive, the report says.
“They’re to wild bees as chickens are to wild birds,” he mentioned.
Nonetheless, bees saved by folks for honey and different functions face a number of the identical threats as wild bees, reminiscent of local weather change.
Bees’ responses to local weather change “will differ fairly drastically,” mentioned Michael Hallworth, a co-author of the report. “It actually will depend on the species.”
Even some intently associated species may expertise local weather change otherwise.
“There’s going to be some local weather winners, just like the Japanese carpenter bee, which is predicted to extend throughout the state due to local weather change,” Hallworth mentioned. “After which there’s some local weather losers — notably the species which are discovered within the northern tier of the state which are chilly weather-ish specialists.”
Some specialist bees, which generally rely solely on a single plant, could possibly be impacted if the plant blooms early or late due to modifications in temperature.
Land use modifications are additionally projected to have an effect on bee populations positively and negatively.
Some modifications create extra open area and encourage the next range of flowering vegetation, which is essential for some generalist bees, Hardy mentioned. Then once more, these modifications are prone to encourage deer populations to develop.
“These deer are shopping, preferentially, on native flowering vegetation and shrubs, which is probably a stressor on plant populations, which has damaging implications for specialist bees particularly, and different pollinating bugs usually,” he mentioned.
Greater than half of Vermont bees — primarily wild — have been spending time on farmed crops, scientists discovered. They’ve been discovered on raspberries, blueberries, strawberries, apples, tomatillos, chestnuts, floor cherries, chives, oregano and potatoes.
That’s excellent news for farmers, who profit from the pollination that bees present. It may additionally put bees in danger if pesticides are used on the crops.
Whereas lots of the state’s wild bee populations are below risk, scientists emphasised Thursday that Vermonters can take part of their restoration.
“Even for those who do not stay in a kind of essential bee areas or a precedence survey area, it is essential to notice that every thing — from giant meadows to yard pollinator gardens or various neighborhood gardens — each a kind of landscapes might help help wild bees within the state,” Hallworth mentioned. “Even small actions can actually make a big effect.”
Biologists guessed that there are nonetheless extra species left to seek out.
The 1000’s of bee observations got here, partly, from a whole bunch of citizen scientists across the state who recorded their observations on the platform iNaturalist.
“I simply discover that to be actually thrilling,” mentioned Ken MacFarland, a co-author of the report and director of the Vermont Atlas of Life, “that we’re beginning to concentrate and find out about all of the issues that had been buzzing round, and we did not even discover them earlier than.”
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Vermont
Former UVM President Thomas P. Salmon Dies at 92
Born in Cleveland, Ohio, in1932, Salmon was raised in…
Vermont
‘The Sex Lives of College Girls’ is set at a fictional Vermont college. Where is it filmed?
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It’s time to hit the books: one of Vermont’s most popular colleges may be one that doesn’t exist.
The Jan. 15 New York Times mini crossword game hinted at a fictional Vermont college that’s used as the setting of the show “The Sex Lives of College Girls.”
The show, which was co-created by New Englander Mindy Kaling, follows a group of women in college as they navigate relationships, school and adulthood.
“The Sex Lives of College Girls” first premiered on Max, formerly HBO Max, in 2021. Its third season was released in November 2024.
Here’s what to know about the show’s fictional setting.
What is the fictional college in ‘The Sex Lives of College Girls’?
“The Sex Lives of College Girls” takes place at a fictional prestigious college in Vermont called Essex College.
According to Vulture, Essex College was developed by the show’s co-creators, Kaling and Justin Noble, based on real colleges like their respective alma maters, Dartmouth College and Yale University.
“Right before COVID hit, we planned a research trip to the East Coast and set meetings with all these different groups of young women at these colleges and chatted about what their experiences were,” Noble told the outlet in 2021.
Kaling also said in an interview with Parade that she and Noble ventured to their alma maters because they “both, in some ways, fit this East Coast story” that is depicted in the show.
Where is ‘The Sex Lives of College Girls’ filmed?
Although “The Sex Lives of College Girls” features a New England college, the show wasn’t filmed in the area.
The show’s first season was filmed in Los Angeles, while some of the campus scenes were shot at Vassar College in Poughkeepsie, New York. The second season was partially filmed at the University of Washington in Seattle, Washington.
Vermont
Tom Salmon, governor behind ‘the biggest political upset in Vermont history,’ dies at 92 – VTDigger
When Vermont Democrats lacked a gubernatorial candidate the afternoon of the primary deadline in August 1972, Rockingham lawyer Tom Salmon, in the most last-minute of Hail Mary passes, threw his hat in the ring.
“There could be a whale of a big surprise,” Salmon was quoted as saying by skeptical reporters who knew the former local legislator had been soundly beached in his first try for state office two years earlier.
Then a Moby Dick of a shock came on Election Day, spurring the Burlington Free Press to deem Salmon’s Nov. 7, 1972, victory over the now late Republican businessman Luther “Fred” Hackett “the biggest political upset in Vermont history.”
Salmon, who served two terms as governor, continued to defy the odds in subsequent decades, be it by overcoming a losing 1976 U.S. Senate bid to become president of the University of Vermont, or by entering a Brattleboro convalescent home in 2022, only to confound doctors by living nearly three more years until his death Tuesday.
Salmon, surrounded by family, died just before sundown at the Pine Heights Center for Nursing and Rehabilitation at age 92, his children announced shortly after.
“Your man Winston Churchill always said, ‘Never, never, never, never give up,” Salmon’s son, former state Auditor Thomas M. Salmon, recalled telling his father in his last days, “and Dad, you’ve demonstrated that.”
Born in the Midwest and raised in Massachusetts, Thomas P. Salmon graduated from Boston College Law School before moving to Rockingham in 1958 to work as an attorney, a municipal judge from 1963 to 1965, and a state representative from 1965 to 1971.
Salmon capped his legislative tenure as House minority leader. But his political career hit a wall in 1970 when he lost a race for attorney general by 17 points to incumbent Jim Jeffords, the now late maverick Republican who’d go on to serve in the U.S. House and Senate before his seismic 2001 party switch.
Vermont had made national news in 1962 when the now late Philip Hoff became the first Democrat to win popular election as governor since the founding of the Republican Party in 1854. But the GOP had a vise-grip on the rest of the ballot, held two-thirds of all seats in the Legislature and took back the executive chamber when the now deceased insurance executive Deane Davis won after Hoff stepped down in 1968.
As Republican President Richard Nixon campaigned for reelection in 1972, Democrats were split over whether to support former Vice President Hubert Humphrey or U.S. senators George McGovern or Edmund Muskie. The Vermont party was so divided, it couldn’t field a full slate of aspirants to run for state office.
“The reason that we can’t get candidates this year is that people don’t want to get caught in the struggle,” Hoff told reporters at the time. “The right kind of Democrat could have a good chance for the governorship this year, but we have yet to see him.”
Enter Salmon. Two years after his trouncing, he had every reason not to run again. Then he attended the Miami presidential convention that nominated McGovern.
“I listened to the leadership of the Democratic Party committed to tilting at windmills against what seemed to be the almost certain reelection of President Nixon,” Salmon recalled in a 1989 PBS interview with journalist Chris Graff. “That very night I made up my mind I was going to make the effort despite the odds.”
Before Vermont moved its primaries to August in 2010, party voting took place in September. That’s why Salmon could wait until hours before the Aug. 2, 1972, filing deadline to place his name on the ballot.
“Most Democratic leaders conceded that Salmon’s chances of nailing down the state’s top job are quite dim,” wrote the Rutland Herald and Times Argus, reporting that Salmon was favored by no more than 18% of those surveyed.
(Gov. Davis’ preferred successor, Hackett, was the front-runner. A then-unknown Liberty Union Party candidate — Bernie Sanders — rounded out the race.)
“We agreed that there was no chance of our winning the election unless the campaign stood for something,” Salmon said in his 1989 PBS interview. “Namely, addressed real issues that people in Vermont cared about.”
Salmon proposed to support average residents by reforming the property tax and restricting unplanned development, offering the motto “Vermont is not for sale.” In contrast, his Republican opponent called for repealing the state’s then-new litter-decreasing bottle-deposit law, while a Rutland County representative to the GOP’s National Committee, Roland Seward, told reporters, “What are we saving the environment for, the animals?”
As Republicans crowded into a Montpelier ballroom on election night, Salmon stayed home in the Rockingham village of Bellows Falls — the better to watch his then 9-year-old namesake son join a dozen friends in breaking a garage window during an impromptu football game, the press would report.
At 10:20 p.m., CBS news anchor Walter Cronkite interrupted news of a Nixon landslide to announce, “It looks like there’s an upset in the making in Vermont.”
The Rutland Herald and Times Argus summed up Salmon’s “winning combination” (he scored 56% of the vote) as “the image of an underdog fighting ‘the machine’” and “an appeal to the pocketbook on taxes and electric power.”
Outgoing Gov. Davis would later write in his autobiography that the Democrat was “an extremely intelligent, articulate, handsome individual with loads of charm.”
“Salmon accepted a challenge which several other Democrats had turned down,” the Free Press added in an unusual front-page editorial of congratulations. “He then accomplished what almost all observers saw as a virtual impossibility.”
As governor, Salmon pushed for the prohibition of phosphates in state waters and the formation of the Agency of Transportation. Stepping down after four years to run for U.S. Senate in 1976, he was defeated by incumbent Republican Robert Stafford, the now late namesake of the Stafford federal guaranteed student loan program.
Salmon went on to serve as president of the University of Vermont and chair of the board of Green Mountain Power. In his 1977 gubernatorial farewell address, he summed up his challenges — and said he had no regrets.
“A friend asked me the other day if it was all worth it,” Salmon said. “Wasn’t I owed more than I received with the energy crisis, Watergate, inflation, recession, natural disasters, no money, no snow, a tax revolt, and the anxiety of our people over government’s capacity to respond to their needs? My answer was this: I came to this state in 1958 with barely enough money in my pocket to pay for an overnight room. In 14 short years I became governor. The people of Vermont owe me nothing. I owe them everything for the privilege of serving two terms in the highest office Vermont can confer on one of its citizens.”
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