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Opinion — Amanda Kay Gustin: Without history, we are lost

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Opinion — Amanda Kay Gustin: Without history, we are lost


This commentary is by Amanda Kay Gustin of Barre City. She is the director of collections and access at the Vermont Historical Society and has worked in museums and archives for nearly 25 years.

In March 2020, thanks to Covid-19, the world as we knew it changed forever.

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As an historian, I’ve spent my life trying to understand the past, to put myself in the shoes of people across centuries, and to trace the lines of decisions and trends that led us to where we are now. Though I’d already lived through historic events, never before had I so clearly felt the tides of history turning in real time.

Within days of the pandemic lockdown orders, the Vermont Historical Society set up systems for capturing what was happening, and within weeks I outlined a project that began in September 2022. That fall, we started work that would ultimately take the better part of the next three years.

Field interviewers spanned the state and interviewed over 100 Vermonters about their experiences. Our only guiding question was, “What has the experience of Covid-19 been like for you?” Then we listened.

We heard stories of joy and pain, of change and stasis, coming from every corner of Vermont, every walk of life, and every facet of human experience. Covid-19 was both a universal and an intensely private experience, and every single person’s story was a kaleidoscope of humanity. These experiences are now preserved and held in the public trust, available to generations of future historians.

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Funding for this crucial project came from the Institute of Museum and Library Services, a federal agency that supports projects like this one nationwide. It’s one of the key partners for history organizations to advance big, ambitious projects, and VHS has used it in the past for other collecting projects and key initiatives to preserve Vermont’s history. Though the Covid-19 project is wrapping up, we have another ongoing grant from IMLS that teaches professional skills to Vermont’s dozens of local historical societies.

On Friday, March 14, President Donald Trump signed an executive order to eliminate IMLS, describing it as “unnecessary.” VHS and hundreds of organizations like ours do not know if we will receive reimbursement funding for the work we have already done, and whether we can continue important work that we have planned in the coming months and years.

Good history work is not profitable or efficient. It requires time and care and focus, with dedicated people at every step. It requires the passion of local volunteers, the expertise of trained educators, librarians and collections managers, and it requires funding. In Vermont, for many projects, it requires national funding partners and federal agencies. 

History is not “unnecessary.” It is the record of our shared humanity, and the way that we learn lessons about how to go forward. Understanding what happened during Covid-19 will help us process our painful experiences and plan better for how to respond to similar events in the future. 

Without history, we are lost. And without federal funding partners like IMLS, we will lose the tools that we need to do the work of history.

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VT Lottery Powerball, Lucky For Life results for Dec. 13, 2025

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Powerball, Mega Millions jackpots: What to know in case you win

Here’s what to know in case you win the Powerball or Mega Millions jackpot.

Just the FAQs, USA TODAY

The Vermont Lottery offers several draw games for those willing to make a bet to win big.

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Those who want to play can enter the MegaBucks and Lucky for Life games as well as the national Powerball and Mega Millions games. Vermont also partners with New Hampshire and Maine for the Tri-State Lottery, which includes the Mega Bucks, Gimme 5 as well as the Pick 3 and Pick 4.

Drawings are held at regular days and times, check the end of this story to see the schedule. Here’s a look at Dec. 13, 2025, results for each game:

Winning Powerball numbers from Dec. 13 drawing

01-28-31-57-58, Powerball: 16, Power Play: 2

Check Powerball payouts and previous drawings here.

Winning Lucky For Life VT numbers from Dec. 13 drawing

12-18-19-24-35, Lucky Ball: 17

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Check Lucky For Life VT payouts and previous drawings here.

Winning Pick 3 numbers from Dec. 13 drawing

Day: 6-7-7

Evening: 3-8-3

Check Pick 3 payouts and previous drawings here.

Winning Pick 4 numbers from Dec. 13 drawing

Day: 9-7-2-4

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Evening: 3-6-1-6

Check Pick 4 payouts and previous drawings here.

Winning Megabucks Plus numbers from Dec. 13 drawing

01-20-21-24-32, Megaball: 04

Check Megabucks Plus payouts and previous drawings here.

Feeling lucky? Explore the latest lottery news & results

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Are you a winner? Here’s how to claim your lottery prize

For Vermont Lottery prizes up to $499, winners can claim their prize at any authorized Vermont Lottery retailer or at the Vermont Lottery Headquarters by presenting the signed winning ticket for validation. Prizes between $500 and $5,000 can be claimed at any M&T Bank location in Vermont during the Vermont Lottery Office’s business hours, which are 8a.m.-4p.m. Monday through Friday, except state holidays.

For prizes over $5,000, claims must be made in person at the Vermont Lottery headquarters. In addition to signing your ticket, you will need to bring a government-issued photo ID, and a completed claim form.

All prize claims must be submitted within one year of the drawing date. For more information on prize claims or to download a Vermont Lottery Claim Form, visit the Vermont Lottery’s FAQ page or contact their customer service line at (802) 479-5686.

Vermont Lottery Headquarters

1311 US Route 302, Suite 100

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Barre, VT

05641

When are the Vermont Lottery drawings held?

  • Powerball: 10:59 p.m. Monday, Wednesday, and Saturday.
  • Mega Millions: 11 p.m. Tuesday and Friday.
  • Gimme 5: 6:55 p.m. Monday through Friday.
  • Lucky for Life: 10:38 p.m. daily.
  • Pick 3 Day: 1:10 p.m. daily.
  • Pick 4 Day: 1:10 p.m. daily.
  • Pick 3 Evening: 6:55 p.m. daily.
  • Pick 4 Evening: 6:55 p.m. daily.
  • Megabucks: 7:59 p.m. Monday, Wednesday and Saturday.

What is Vermont Lottery Second Chance?

Vermont’s 2nd Chance lottery lets players enter eligible non-winning instant scratch tickets into a drawing to win cash and/or other prizes. Players must register through the state’s official Lottery website or app. The drawings are held quarterly or are part of an additional promotion, and are done at Pollard Banknote Limited in Winnipeg, MB, Canada.

This results page was generated automatically using information from TinBu and a template written and reviewed by a Vermont editor. You can send feedback using this form.



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Person killed in early morning crash on Route 7 in Pittsford

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Person killed in early morning crash on Route 7 in Pittsford


PITTSFORD, Vt. (WCAX) – One person died and another was injured in a two-vehicle crash involving a tractor-trailer on U.S. Route 7 early Friday morning.

The crash occurred at approximately 5:13 a.m. near the intersection with Giddings Lane in Pittsford, according to Vermont State Police.

Police said the driver of a tractor-trailer, identified as Paul Ricard, 64 of Castleton, was traveling northbound on Route 7 when the trailer became detached and stopped in the roadway facing northbound. The driver stopped and exited the vehicle to attempt to reconnect the detached trailer.

A second vehicle, operated by Christopher Cyr, 54, of Rutland, was traveling northbound on Route 7 and collided with the back of the detached trailer, police said.

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Ricard was transported to Rutland Regional Medical Center for suspected minor injuries. Cyr was pronounced dead at the scene.

Vermont State Police from the Rutland Barracks responded to the crash. Regional Ambulance Service, the Pittsford Fire Department and Pittsford First Response assisted at the scene.

The crash remains under investigation.



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Referee shortage threatens Vermont high school sports – Valley News

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Referee shortage threatens Vermont high school sports – Valley News


Vermont is in the midst of an alarming referee shortage — a problem unfolding nationwide, but one that has hit hard in a state with a small and aging workforce.

Between 2018 and 2023, the National Federation of State High School Associations reported a loss of almost 60,000 officials nationwide, a trend exacerbated by the COVID-19 pandemic.

In Vermont, officials are spread thin covering games across 23 sports at over 70 high schools in the Vermont Principals’ Association — the state’s governing body for school athletics. Trainees aren’t offsetting the number of retiring veteran officials, and the resulting gap in personnel is forcing games to be postponed or canceled.

“What was just affecting a couple sports out of the wide pool of varsity sports in the state — now it’s virtually every sport,” said Devin Wendel, president of the Vermont State Athletic Directors Association and athletic director at Mount Abraham Union High School.

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With a working population that is already strained, the persisting shortage of officials in Vermont carries a serious risk of interrupting high school seasons.

“If we don’t do something, in the next three to five years there won’t be enough of us to cover sporting events in Vermont and that is bad for all involved,” Steve Cicio — president of Vermont’s branch of the International Association of Approved Basketball Officials — wrote in a Nov. 13 email. “We are going to struggle this season with what we have for numbers,” he said.

This year alone, the association lost between 10 and 12 varsity officials, and five to six junior varsity officials, according to Cicio.

Many of those retiring have been in the business for numerous decades, with expertise in multiple sports. Their retirements mean fewer mentors for the next generation filling their shoes.

A 2023 survey of the association’s officials found that around half planned to retire by 2028.

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“Not only are we losing a large percentage of our board, but out of that 50%, a large percentage of those folks are capable and qualified to work almost any game in the state,” said Trevour Houle, a varsity basketball official of nearly 10 years. “If I were to guess, it’s going to create a snowball effect where we lose a large amount of officials — those who are left are asked to work more nights a week, those officials are probably going to get burnt out or injured, and they’re going to decide next year whether they want to do that all over again or not.”

Dwindling numbers puts a greater burden on those remaining, who are expected to cover more games across further distances than they had previously.

“You’re seeing officials that are getting overworked, trying to hustle over to get from one location to the next,” said Michael Jabour, senior director of activities at South Burlington High School and Middle School.

Varsity teams typically take priority because their regular seasons determine playoffs and championships, unlike junior varsity teams, said Tim Messier, athletic director at Lamoille Union High School. Teams at Lamoille Union lose a couple games each season because officials aren’t available, he said.

Referees are paid $97.50 for varsity and $75 for junior varsity games, plus the cost of mileage. First-time registration to be an official costs $30 and secures certification for one year. Referees can then officiate as many sports they choose to train for.

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The VPA’s officials committee increased the pay by 30% two years ago and the earnings are aligned with all other New England states, said Lauren Young, executive director of activities at the VPA.

“You take your $97.50 and it sounds like, ‘Wow, that’s a great fee for a game.’ Well, it was an hour there. You have to get to the game an hour early. The game takes an hour and a half to two hours. You shower, you’re in the locker room for 20 minutes after the game and then you have your hour ride home,” Houle said. “When you start breaking it down to an hourly rate, it’s not that great.”

Vermont’s handful of remaining referees also face continuing harassment, particularly from spectators, said Young. She suspects that poor sportsmanship is partially to blame for disillusionment about joining the force.

Among those who become certified, most new officials resign within their first three years, according to the National Federation of State High School Associations.

“They can never be right. They’re always to blame,” Jabour said. “It’s hard to be an official because you’re constantly being told how terrible you are.”

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As the VPA ramps up their recruitment efforts, Young wants to see a more accurate representation of Vermont’s student body with whistles — particularly through more women and people of color becoming certified to officiate.

“We have diverse schools, and I think there’s power in seeing people in a position of authority in the game that are reflective of what they look like to try to dispel some of the older white male dominance over the officiating world,” she said.

Nationally, the shortage could be on the mend. The National Federation of State High School Associations reported an 8% increase in registered officials this year compared to 2018.

But in Vermont, the void left by referees stepping down isn’t being filled. While the VPA is marketing to college students and tapping school administrators to spread the word about the shortage in their communities, Young expects to draw in just two or three newcomers this year.

“Even recruiting 10 officials in the state of Vermont can have a huge impact on a local high school being able to actually keep their schedule intact,” Wendel said.

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Busy Anderson is a reporter with the Community News Service, part of the University of Vermont’s Reporting & Documentary Storytelling program.



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