Zohran Mamdani, an upstart state assemblyman from Queens, was on the brink of winning Tuesday’s Democratic primary for mayor of New York City. While results were not yet final, Mr. Mamdani leaped ahead of a crowded field thanks to a surge of turnout in gentrifying neighborhoods, and strong support from Asian and Hispanic enclaves.

Mr. Mamdani, a 33-year-old democratic socialist, also ran up large vote tallies in the affluent brownstone-lined blocks of Brooklyn, in the diverse blocks of Upper Manhattan and in areas with substantial South Asian populations in Queens.

His main rival, former Gov. Andrew M. Cuomo, had hoped to reassemble Mayor Eric Adams’s winning 2021 coalition of Black, Hispanic and Orthodox Jewish voters, but instead lost ground in some of those communities.

Mr. Mamdani, who campaigned on addressing New York’s affordability crisis, performed stronger than his rivals in areas where a majority of residents are college graduates, as well as in middle-income and higher-income neighborhoods. He won most areas with a majority of Asian residents and was modestly outpacing Mr. Cuomo in majority Hispanic areas.

Mr. Cuomo, 67, had more support in areas with a majority of Black residents and in areas where a majority of residents are low-income. There were some exceptions, most notably Mr. Cuomo’s strong performance on the Upper West and East Sides in Manhattan, where Mr. Mamdani struggled to win over an older, wealthier electorate, which includes a sizable segment of Jewish voters.

Mr. Mamdani, who would be the city’s first Muslim and South Asian mayor, won the largest vote share in gentrifying neighborhoods like Ridgewood in Queens and Greenpoint in Brooklyn that are home to groups of young, left-leaning voters. Voters in Jamaica Hills, a Queens neighborhood home to a sizable South Asian population, also chose Mr. Mamdani by a large margin.

Mr. Cuomo’s efforts to court the Orthodox Jewish vote paid off. Borough Park and Midwood in Brooklyn were two of his top-performing neighborhoods. He also won large margins in the less dense, coastal communities of Far Rockaway and Bayswater in Queens, far from Manhattan.

Brad Lander, the city comptroller, was in third place overall. The cluster of neighborhoods in Brooklyn where Mr. Lander fared the best — which include Park Slope, Cobble Hill and Windsor Terrace — are all neighborhoods where Mr. Mamdani won most of the votes. That could ultimately benefit Mr. Mamdani under the city’s ranked-choice voting system, because the two men cross-endorsed each other and encouraged their supporters to rank them both.

The system allowed voters to list up to five candidates on their ballots. If their top choices are eliminated, their votes will be transferred to candidates who are lower on their ballots next Tuesday.

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Each candidate’s top five neighborhoods by vote share

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Zohran Mamdani

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Neighborhood	Pct.	Votes
Ridgewood, Queens	80%	7,030
Bushwick, Brooklyn	79%	14,164
East Williamsburg, Brooklyn	75%	2,586
Jamaica Hills, Queens	74%	1,458
Greenpoint, Brooklyn	72%	7,583

Andrew Cuomo

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Neighborhood	Pct.	Votes
Borough Park, Brooklyn	80%	6,577
Manhattan Beach, Brooklyn	76%	236
Midwood, Brooklyn	72%	9,160
Far Rockaway, Queens	72%	2,489
Bayswater, Queens	72%	522

Brad Lander

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Neighborhood	Pct.	Votes
Park Slope, Brooklyn	35%	7,330
Windsor Terrace, Brooklyn	34%	1,689
Cobble Hill, Brooklyn	32%	1,199
Columbia St. Waterfront District, Brooklyn	31%	355
South Slope, Brooklyn	30%	632

Adrienne Adams

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Neighborhood	Pct.	Votes
Springfield Gardens, Queens	17%	891
Laurelton, Queens	16%	506
St. Albans, Queens	15%	828
Jamaica, Queens	14%	1,381
Cambria Heights, Queens	14%	425

Assuming he prevails in the primary, Mr. Mamdani will face a general election in November that has the potential to be unusually competitive. Mr. Adams is seeking a second term, this time as an independent. Curtis Sliwa, a Republican, will be on the ballot, along with Jim Walden, a lawyer and independent. Mr. Cuomo also still has the option to pursue a third-party fall campaign.