Maine offers lessons in how to cope with the college enrollment crisis

ORONO, Maine — Chris Richards took within the scene round him and breathed a sigh of aid.

It was the primary day of freshman orientation on the College of Maine, and college students have been arriving in droves.

For Richards, who as vp of enrollment administration is answerable for recruiting every new class, “that is form of a celebration of the exhausting work we do.”

It’s been a lot tougher work right here than in lots of different locations. With the highest median age of any state, Maine has skilled an estimated 10 p.c decline over the past 10 years in its variety of new highschool graduates — exactly the folks Richards wants. The opposite campuses of the UMaine system have seen a gradual hemorrhaging of enrollment.

But buried in these figures is a little-reported shock: The state’s flagship college has managed to steadily enhance its undergraduate and graduate enrollment over the past decade, even because the variety of college students at not solely different public establishments in Maine however at faculties and universities in the remainder of the nation was moving into the wrong way.

Though it now initiatives a slight drop within the variety of getting into freshmen, citing extra challenges attributable to the pandemic, the college has managed to extend enrollment over the past decade total. 

It fended off the relentless demographic decline till now by luring out-of-staters with in-state tuition costs and by breaking with long-standing attitudes by means of which increased training typically alienates reasonably than embraces potential candidates. 

In the meantime, the state’s neighborhood faculties, which rely on the identical dwindling provide of learners, are reporting report numbers of recent functions for the autumn — up greater than 12 p.c as of Friday, the system says — thanks partially to momentary free tuition for current highschool graduates.

They’re additionally attracting career-changers to which they provide coaching that’s comparatively low-cost or free, sooner paced than typical credential applications and at locations and instances handy for Mainers who’ve households and jobs.

Now that the enrollment disaster with which Maine has been contending for a decade has caught up with a lot of the remainder of the nation, universities and faculties in different states are being pressured to think about related modifications or danger empty school rooms and the monetary repercussions that include unfilled seats.

“I do assume there are classes to be realized from what’s occurring in Maine proper now,” mentioned Jerome Lucido, govt director of the Middle for Enrollment Analysis, Coverage and Apply on the College of Southern California’s Rossier Faculty of Schooling. “They’re caring for their actuality. The query is whether or not all people else will do this.”

Maine’s actuality hit house a few decade in the past, when the provision of recent highschool graduates started to fall, even because it was persevering with to rise in the remainder of the nation. 

One other million adults ‘have stepped off the trail to the center class’

So stark has been this drop-off, particularly in rural areas, mentioned Richards, that “I can go to a highschool and have 9 folks come to see me, and that’s the entire senior class and half the juniors.” 

Since UMaine as soon as acquired solely 20 p.c of its college students from out of state, in line with college officers, that was an enormous downside. But it surely appeared a problem to lure extra of them to this leafy campus of pink brick with white trim, to this point north {that a} good-natured chant at hockey video games consists of the verse, “It could be 10 beneath underneath 4 toes of snow however irrespective of the place we go, we love Orono.” 

So the college reworked its monetary help to cost many candidates from out of state, at most, the equal of the identical tuition they’d pay to attend the least costly applications of their home-state flagship universities. 

Billboards promoting the deal sprang up round New England. “Go to the College of Maine for the in-state value of UMass,” mentioned those in Massachusetts, for instance. The proportion of scholars from out of state doubled, in line with the college, boosting total enrollment and bringing in income that helped preserve tuition comparatively low.   

“That is a lot cheaper. Even the deposit was cheaper,” mentioned Cinnamon Adams, who works as a public college administrator in Connecticut, and got here to the freshman orientation along with her newly enrolled daughter, Carissa.

The proportion of scholars at Orono who’re from out of state is now 40 p.c of the overall of just below 10,000 undergraduates. (The college additionally has slightly greater than 2,500 graduate college students.)

One other change gave the impression to be equally essential: enlisting everybody on campus, and never simply admissions officers, within the job of recruiting college students.

Since Orono, for a lot of, is so exhausting to get to from the place they dwell, the athletics division hosts potential college students at away video games. The alumni affiliation produced a report exhibiting the a lot increased incomes graduates earn in comparison with folks with out levels, and invitations highschool seniors to tour the campus throughout the spirited homecoming weekend — which, not coincidentally, often happens amid colourful peak fall foliage — reasonably than at different, quieter instances. Eating corridor staff are even instructed to miss the cases when visiting candidates misplace their meal vouchers.

“So many establishments have relied on their admissions workplace. That mannequin isn’t going to work any extra,” mentioned Richards. 

“It doesn’t imply that [faculty and staff] should go all the way down to the admissions home and browse a bunch of functions,” he mentioned. “It could possibly be a researcher who goes to the native highschool to present a presentation. It occurs whenever you see an individual strolling on the campus and ask them in the event that they need assistance discovering one thing. Folks need that.”

And so they discover when it occurs.

Faculties’ new answer to enrollment declines: Lowering the variety of dropouts

Em Jeffrey, an incoming College of Maine freshman from New Hampshire, says she “felt like a quantity” at different campuses she visited. Picture by Molly Haley for The Hechinger Report.

At different universities she visited, mentioned Em Jeffrey, an incoming UMaine freshman from New Hampshire, she “felt like a quantity. Their reputations have inflated their very own opinions of themselves. It’s not about, ‘We wish to have you ever.’ It’s, ‘You’d be fortunate to get to return right here.’ ” 

By comparability, mentioned Jeffrey, who plans to main in civil engineering, on the College of Maine the dean of engineering personally gave her a tour. It included a brand new engineering constructing nearing completion that’s a part of an bold plan to double the variety of engineering graduates from all Maine public universities and assist fill a looming scarcity within the state.

“I positively felt extra welcomed,” Jeffrey mentioned. “None of it felt pressured.”

That’s not a heavy elevate in a state the place strangers wave at passing automobiles and at a college the place traditions embrace the omnipresent “heat and pleasant” “Maine howdy” with which college students and alumni greet one another, and the place college students, college and workers volunteer every spring for a campus cleanup.  

Those that work right here get how essential it’s to their very own jobs that college students preserve coming, Richards mentioned — particularly in part of the nation the place that’s been a lot of a problem for thus lengthy. “A number of that is about making folks perceive that enrollment is why universities exist.” However there’s additionally no denying the effectiveness of it, he mentioned. “In case you’re an accepted scholar and the dean of engineering exhibits as much as communicate to you himself, that’s an enormous deal.” 

Chris Richards, vp of enrollment administration on the College of Maine, in entrance of the college’s new engineering constructing — one in every of its weapons within the warfare for college kids. Picture by Molly Haley for The Hechinger Report.

Making the admissions course of appear welcoming as a substitute of intimidating and complicated is a surprisingly large tradition shift in increased training.

“They’ve flipped the script on school admission,” mentioned Lucido. At many different universities and faculties, he mentioned, “the general public understands school admission as one thing at which they in all probability gained’t achieve success,” persuaded by universities and faculties to assume the percentages are in opposition to them. Many by no means roll the cube.  

A handful of faculties are lastly offering coaching in a approach shoppers need it: quick

There are additionally some much less enviable ways in which UMaine has continued to draw college students. It’s gotten much less selective, for instance, accepting 92 p.c of candidates. That’s up from 83 p.c in 2014, the earliest 12 months for which the determine is out there from the U.S. Division of Schooling.  

Regardless of this, the proportion of scholars who drop out — one other downside that impacts enrollment — is decrease than the nationwide common.   

John Volin, govt vp for tutorial affairs and provost on the College of Maine, oversees efforts to maintain much-needed college students from dropping out. “In the event that they get that sense of belonging, it’s very possible that college students will stay enrolled,” he says. Picture by Molly Haley for The Hechinger Report.

“Some college students are going to return in not as ready, and it’s important to be prepared to spend the time to present them a excessive stage of success,” mentioned John Volin, govt vp for tutorial affairs and provost.

Simply as with recruiting them, retaining college students from leaving entails all people on the campus, Volin mentioned. “It’s everybody’s job,” he mentioned. “In the event that they get that sense of belonging, it’s very possible that college students will stay enrolled.” 

A couple of miles away, at Japanese Maine Neighborhood School, or EMCC, college students have been taking an examination to change into licensed surgical technologists — the individuals who help in working rooms — in a program that may take as little as 16 months. Outdoors in a parking zone, others have been studying the right way to pilot tractor-trailer vans.  

Dealing with the identical demographic realities because the state’s flagship college, Maine’s neighborhood faculties have additionally modified. And whereas they serve a unique inhabitants than the college, they’ve saved their numbers up by doing one thing related: giving college students what they need.

“There was a interval the place all we needed to do was open our doorways and college students got here. Now the tables have turned and it’s a state of affairs the place, ‘Pay attention, we’d like you as a lot as you want us. Let’s work out how we work this out collectively,’ ” mentioned David Daigler, president of the Maine Neighborhood School System. 

The universities have used $60 million in state and personal funding so as to add noncredit short-term coaching that college students have to get or change jobs, and accelerated some for-credit programs by providing them for extra hours per week. That will get folks their credentials extra shortly in a labor market that desires staff quick, akin to Portland’s red-hot restaurant sector.  

Dealing with an existential disaster, some faculties do one thing uncommon for them — adapt

“Up till the previous couple of years increased training felt like we have been doing the scholars a service — that they needed to come to us,” mentioned Stacy Inexperienced, admissions director at EMCC. “What we’ve realized is that they don’t have to return to us. They’ll go elsewhere or nowhere in any respect.”

The faculties have additionally solid agreements with 230 employers across the state to fast-track coaching for particular jobs which are open and accessible when college students end, a system spokeswoman mentioned. They’ve provided in-person lessons removed from their campuses, in distant rural communities the place college students dwell and the place there’s a large demand for graduates with abilities together with nursing. 

For his or her many college students who additionally work, they’ve added hours for administrative places of work, made counseling providers accessible remotely, scheduled “welcome days” on Saturdays in addition to weekdays, cross-trained workers so folks can get the solutions to all of their questions in a single name and added lessons after hours and on weekends for in-demand nursing applications and other people in these short-term coaching programs.

“These are college students who’ve households they usually’re working different jobs,” mentioned Tisha Clark, who runs the surgical know-how program at EMCC, as she put away the scrubs and different tools within the lab the place an examination had simply taken place. Considered one of Clark’s former college students, for instance, would come to class proper after working the night time shift and earlier than going house to see her children.  

Tisha Clark demonstrates a process within the surgical know-how program at Japanese Maine Neighborhood School, which she runs. This system takes as little as 16 months so college students can get shortly into jobs. Picture by Molly Haley for The Hechinger Report.

In April, the state made two years of neighborhood school free for full-time college students from the highschool lessons of 2020 by means of 2023, which has resulted in a surge of functions, registrations and deposits for the autumn — up 171 p.c at EMCC, as an example, amongst college students who qualify, in line with Inexperienced. An estimated 8,000 are eligible statewide.  

Free tuition isn’t at all times such a recreation changer. In Tennessee, which made neighborhood school free in 2014, enrollment stayed kind of flat earlier than falling considerably when the pandemic hit.  

In Maine, nevertheless, the momentary free-tuition scheme has coincided with excessive inflation and financial fear, channeling extra college students into neighborhood school as a approach to economize by incomes some credit for free of charge towards eventual bachelor’s levels, neighborhood school officers speculate.

It’s additionally been accompanied by a advertising and marketing blitz and in opposition to a backdrop of the “assist needed” indicators potential college students can see in every single place for jobs they know require some form of instructional credential past a highschool diploma.

“A number of it’s simply how the nation is. Housing prices are getting increased, the costs of every little thing are rising. So that you want a better-paying job,” mentioned Riley White, who’s finding out digital graphic design at EMCC. In the meantime, he mentioned, “There’s lots of technical jobs round right here that match with this faculty.” 

White qualifies for the no-tuition plan, which, he mentioned, exaggerating solely barely, means “I gained’t be paying off scholar loans for the following 40 years.”

As companies hunt for educated staff, states are loosening the purse strings for increased ed once more

The upshot of all of that is that, regardless of the singular demographic challenges of fewer Maine 18-year-olds, enrollment on the state’s neighborhood faculties had virtually returned to 2011 ranges by the point Covid-19 hit and since then has fared higher than the nationwide common. When college students in noncredit short-term coaching are added, enrollment is definitely up by a good 12 p.c for the reason that begin of the pandemic, in line with figures supplied by the system.  

“Our college students have had a tricky go throughout the pandemic, and there’s an empathy for what that scholar needed to endure and an perspective on campus, ‘You stick with us, we’ll stick with you, and we’re all going to be higher ultimately,’ ” mentioned Daigler.

“We’ve been nimble. We’ve reacted in hours reasonably than months to modifications that we see,” he mentioned. “We’ve been very attentive to folks’s wants.”

Now Maine school and college directors are bracing for what they are saying can be an much more difficult time: the following 15 years, when the variety of new highschool graduates within the state is projected to drop by yet one more 7 p.c. 

This time, although, these directors in Maine should not alone. The variety of new highschool grads is forecast to fall by 5 p.c nationally throughout that point. Undergraduate enrollment nationwide has already plummeted by greater than 9 p.c for the reason that begin of the pandemic, or by 1.4 million college students, in line with the Nationwide Scholar Clearinghouse Analysis Middle. Neighborhood faculties have been significantly exhausting hit, with their variety of college students down by practically 17 p.c.   

“Until you’re an elite school, you’re going to have enrollment issues,” Lucido mentioned. “We’re going to see some intense competitors. Already Maine is utilizing value competitors. What number of establishments will be capable of afford that?”

There was a interval the place all we needed to do was open our doorways and college students got here. Now the tables have turned and it’s a state of affairs the place, ‘Pay attention, we’d like you as a lot as you want us.’ ”

— David Daigler, president, Maine Neighborhood School System

UMaine now has recruiters spending eight to 10 weeks a 12 months in Florida, Texas and different markets with bigger numbers of potential candidates. It’s employed a Spanish-speaking admissions officer.   

“I’m extra involved in regards to the subsequent wave, since you’re seeing the decline in our new fishing spots, so to talk,” mentioned Richards as the arrival freshmen ready to file throughout the quad and thru the open mouth of an inflatable black bear mascot to a picnic lunch. Universities elsewhere, he mentioned, aren’t going “to simply lie down and allow us to preserve taking their children.”

However Daigler isn’t as satisfied that universities and faculties in different states have acknowledged the issue that they’re up in opposition to.

“After I exit and discuss to colleagues nationally, I don’t see the sorts of modifications coming that we’re making,” he mentioned. “I hear folks speaking about tweaking across the edges. I don’t assume that is an setting the place tweaking across the edges goes to work.”

That’s one benefit Maine has, after a decade of enrollment challenges, mentioned Richards: understanding, from expertise, how critical the issue is.

“The great factor for us,” he mentioned, “is that our management hasn’t existed in a vacuum of false actuality.”

This story about declining school and college enrollment was produced by The Hechinger Report, a nonprofit, unbiased information group centered on inequality and innovation in training. Join its increased training publication.