ST. LOUIS, Mo. (First Alert 4) – Bird flu has infected cattle in a number of states this year but so far, Missouri’s herds have stayed clean. The state veterinarian says that’s in part due to the biosecurity measures in the state.

With the Missouri State Fair well underway, First Alert 4 headed to Sedalia to check in with farmers about how increased protections for this year’s Fair impacted them and protected their cows.

The bird flu is the common name for Avian Influenza, which can be devastating to flocks of chickens and other birds, according to veterinarians.

Because of the high number of outbreaks, and the transfer of the virus from livestock to humans, the USDA has launched an online tracker.

THE BIRD FLU

As of today, the USDA does not currently report any livestock cases of the bird flu in Missouri.

Some versions of the virus can show no signs, the MDA says. Others require a rapid response because it can be fatal to chickens and is highly contagious.

“The goal is to quickly contain and eradicate the disease, protecting our poultry industry, and in turn, the American consumer,” the MDA website states.

The USDA is monitoring an outbreak in dairy herds across multiple areas of the United States.

In the last month, a total of six states have reported Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza (HPAI or bird flu) by the USDA.

In that same time frame 29 cases have been reported in Idaho, South Dakota, Minnesota, Michigan, Texas — and the hardest hit area — Colorado.

While most states have five or less cases, but Colorado is currently reporting more than 16 in the state, USDA records show.

Other mammals can be infected, including a domestic cat in the Centennial State.

In July, Colorado officials reported 10 cases of bird flu in humans. Officials said that one of the infected worked on a dairy farm, while the remaining cases worked on poultry farms.

But many other states have had cattle herds hit by cases of bird flu this year — including neighbors of Missouri.

Kansas, Oklahoma, New Mexico, North Carolina, Ohio, South Dakota, Wyoming and Idaho have all reported cases since March, according to the USDA’s online tracker.

Still, the CDC says human risk remains low.

Missouri State Veterinarian Steve Strubberg tells First Alert 4 that his department is ready to help any owner who finds their animals infected.

“These health requirements are in place for the 2024 Missouri State Fair in an effort to protect the dairy industry and all of agriculture,” Dr. Strubberg said in a statement. “There have been no cases of H5N1 influenza detected in Missouri dairy cattle. Still, we want to operate in a manner of caution while allowing dairy exhibitors the opportunity to show their animals.”

The disease is a common affliction on in animals across the globe, according to the CDC. Technically known as H5 – avian influenza infects animals through shared air.

Wild birds can catch the disease, and then by mixing with controlled flocks, the infection can spread across farms and ranches, according to animal experts.

COWS & OUTBREAKS

Recently, some dairy cows in the U.S., as well as humans, have become infected with H5. The CDC says that outbreaks in both poultry and dairy animals caused the infections but the health risk is low.

The U.S. Department of Agriculture is partnering with FDA, CDC and state level partners to monitor the outbreak ongoing in dairy cows.

In May, the Missouri Department of Agriculture provided an overview of the disease online.

The bird flu is technically known as influenza type A, which can naturally occur in bird populations. The virus moves from bird to bird through droppings, saliva and their nasal passages. It can infect a wide range of birds from chickens to quail.

At the top of the webpage for the Missouri Department of Agriculture (MDA), it states, “There is no immediate public health concern,” and that it is safe to eat properly handled chicken and egg products.

“The United States has the strongest AI [avian influenza] surveillance program in the world,” the MDA says.

The MDA has even produced a set of protocols for animals at the State Fair this year. All lactating dairy cattle must test negative for H5N1 within seven days of their arrival at the fairgrounds in Sedalia.

Lactating dairy cow testing information has been provided, and you can view it here.

The dairy cow displays at the Fair are historic, according to the MDA. The goals of precautions being placed at the Fair – like using personal milking machines, and disposing of the milk – are designed to allow the showing of dairy cattle without risk of any spreading.

The Fairgrounds milking parlor is not slated for exhibition of dairy cattle this Fair, according to July communications of the MDA.

RESOURCES & REPORTING

The MDA website has a section dedicated to questions about bird flu, including a section on whether HPAI might spread easier to mammals more often than originally thought.

“Many species are susceptible to influenza viruses, including wildlife that often come into direct contact with wild birds,” MDA says. “Many of these animals were likely infected after consuming or coming into contact with birds that were infected with HPAI.”

In fact, the USDA lists more than 20 mammals that tested positive for bird flu which cover a wide range from bobcats to bottlenose dolphins, and minks to harbor seals.

WARNING SIGNS FOR AVIAN FLU:

MDA says that there are many symptoms including not eating; coughing; lack of noise; decreased egg production and sudden death.

REPORTING SICK ANIMALS:

The Animal Health Division of the MDA is available at 573-751-3377.

Avery Martinez covers water, ag & the environment for First Alert 4. He is also a Report for America corps member. RFA places talented, emerging journalists in newsrooms to report on under-covered issues and communities. Report for America is an initiative of The GroundTruth Project, an award-winning nonprofit journalism organization dedicated to rebuilding journalism from the ground up.

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