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Are Upright Rows Bad for Shoulders? How to Build Bigger Delts Without Injury – Muscle & Fitness

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Are Upright Rows Bad for Shoulders? How to Build Bigger Delts Without Injury – Muscle & Fitness

The upright row, depending on your perspective, is either the best exercise for your delts and traps or a flat-out shoulder wrecker. It’s an exercise with a bad-boy reputation.

People base its reputation on the standard barbell version, where lifters raise their elbows high above shoulder level and internally rotate the shoulders. This position increases the risk of subacromial impingement, the painful compression, irritation, or rubbing of the rotator cuff tendons and bursa within the shoulder joint.

But that’s only part of the story, because the arguments focus on the barbell version of it: too much height, too narrow a grip, and not enough control. That matters because research doesn’t support scrapping the upright row.

The real issue isn’t good vs. bad—it’s whether we’re judging this lift fairly. Here, with the help of a few of my coaching friends, we’ll explore one of the more misunderstood lifts in the weight room.

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How the Upright Row Earned Its Reputation

When the elbows rise past shoulder height, the shoulder complex is placed in a compromised position, raising concerns about subacromial impingement. That’s why it gets its fair share of criticism. “From a biomechanical standpoint,” explains Matt Wenning from Wenning Strength. “You’re combining shoulder abduction with internal rotation under load. That position reduces subacromial space and increases compressive stress on the supraspinatus tendon and subacromial bursa.”

Here’s the flip side. The upright row’s reputation comes from one variation. That label is then applied to every version of it, even though research suggests the issue stems from excessive elevation, internal rotation, and poor execution. That is how the lift became hated: One version became the whole story.

Why Upright Rows Get a Bad Reputation

No exercise is perfect, and most carry a certain amount of risk, and the upright row is no different.

  • Shoulder Risky Business: The arms rise while the shoulders stay internally rotated. That can become a problem because the shoulder needs to externally rotate to keep the movement smooth and give the shoulder structures enough room. When that doesn’t happen, the mechanics can get messy, especially as the elbows keep rising.
  • Increases Subacromial Impingement Risk: The concern becomes more serious when the elbows reach or exceed shoulder height. According to this study, the ranges in which the greatest degree of impingement occurs overlap with the ranges in which many lifters perform the upright row. The classic “pull it high” coaching cue pushes the movement into the exact zone where some shoulders start to complain.
  • There Are Simpler Alternatives: If your goal is to build the delts and traps, there are easier ways to get there. According to Wenning, “You can get the same or better hypertrophy stimulus with face pulls, high pulls, cable lateral variations, or movements that allow the scapula to upwardly rotate without being forced into internal rotation under load.”

That makes the upright row feel optional, and honestly, it is. But optional does not mean worthless. Let’s see what the research says.

Are Upright Rows Actually Dangerous? (Science Explained)

The research-based answer is more nuanced than the internet’s usual “good exercise” or “bad exercise” debate. This NSCA study does not support throwing the upright row away. The barbell version becomes problematic when you pull your elbows too high while your shoulders remain internally rotated. The study also shows that the upright row remains safe and effective—if you use proper precautions.

“If I program it at all,” explains Wenning, “I modify it with a wider grip to reduce internal rotation demand, pull height limited to lower chest or sternum, with a controlled tempo, and with a lower volume and load.” Based on the details of McAllister et al.’s study, a wider grip increases deltoid and trapezius activity while reducing biceps involvement. That matters because it suggests the upright row is not a single fixed exercise. Small setup changes can alter the training effect. So, if the goal is to get more deltoid and trapezius stimulus, a wide-grip version makes more sense than the narrow-grip style many lifters default to.

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Other studies suggest people have exaggerated the risk of shoulder impingement. “Shoulder impingement doesn’t seem to be a real problem,” according to Dr. Allan Bacon, owner of Maui Athletics. “A study by Giphart et al. used fluoroscopy to observe what happens inside healthy shoulders during arm elevation. They found that the tendon most people worry about had already moved out of the ‘danger zone’ before the arm even reached shoulder height.”

Here’s the main takeaway: Range of motion matters. Stop the pull at or just below shoulder height, rather than raising the elbows well above it. For lifters with a history of shoulder issues, the advice is even more conservative: Shorten the range to a pain-free zone or skip the lift altogether. That gives us a much smarter takeaway than “never do upright rows.”

Upright Row Benefits

So far, you’ve heard why you shouldn’t do them, but here’s why you should.

Exercise Efficiency

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Upright row trains the lateral delts and upper traps together, which gives you a lot of muscle-building value from one movement. When performed with a wider grip, you’ll get plenty of muscle-building action in both muscles.

Ability to Train The Lateral Delts Heavy

Most delt work is either isolation-heavy, like lateral raises, or more pressing-dominant, where the front delts are the emphasis. The upright row sits in a useful middle ground, allowing you to train the shoulders and traps together without performing the overhead press or endless sets of raises.

Changing Muscle Emphasis

The barbell locks you into a specific range of motion, but you can adjust the grip width. A wider grip increases activity in the deltoids and trapezius while decreasing biceps engagement, placing the shoulder joint in a less compromised position.

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Exercise Flexibility

You have options regarding the upright row. Grip width, range of motion, and tool choice can all change how the lift feels. A straight bar, EZ-bar, cable, rope, or dumbbells can create different movement paths and levels of comfort.” I absolutely love dumbbell single-arm high pulls,” says Bo Babenko, DPT at Fit Care Physio. “Think the ‘faster up, controlled down’ concept is key, and the wider range of motion a unilateral variation allows is beneficial for the shoulder joint.”

Who Should Avoid Upright Rows?

When you shake off the good-or-bad mindset about exercise, it’s about whether it’s a good fit or not.

  • If you want bigger delts and traps but the movement doesn’t bother you, go for it. It fits best as an accessory exercise for intermediate and advanced lifters who have enough shoulder awareness to control the bar path, stop at the right height, and avoid ego taking over.
  • The upright row isn’t an all-or-nothing exercise. If you’re willing to modify rather than force the standard version, then give it a shot. That means using a grip width that feels good to you, keeping the bar close, or using a different tool altogether. For these lifters, the upright row can be a productive tool, not a shoulder trap waiting to happen.
  • But if you have a history of shoulder impingement or rotator cuff issues, or if the movement gives you pinching, pain, or an ache during or after the set, don’t do it. Beginners who do not yet have the awareness to control their shoulder position are also better off using an alternative that Wenning suggested.
  • If lateral raises, cable variations, shrugs, or carries train your delts and traps better with less risk and less hassle, there is no medal for performing upright rows.

Programming Upright Rows for Muscle Growth

The upright row works best as an accessory lift because it’s a muscle-building exercise that rewards control, not chaos. This lift doesn’t reward ego lifting, ugly reps, or chasing numbers. Be honest about load, and progress only when the weight feels easy.

For Muscular Endurance: 2-3 sets of 12-20 reps.

For Strength & Muscle: 3-5 sets 6-12 reps.

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Upright Row: Risk vs Reward Breakdown

The upright row lives in the yellow-light category. The risk is real because:

  1. The barbell version can place the shoulder in a less forgiving position, especially when lifters pull the elbows too high, use a narrow grip, or pile on load without enough control.
  2. The margin for error is smaller than in many other shoulder exercises, which is why it has drawn more suspicion than a lateral raise or shrug.

But the rewards are there, too. It trains the delts and upper traps hard; it may fill a unique multijoint role for the middle deltoid, and a wider grip increases involvement of the delts and traps. That makes it a good option for lifters who tolerate it well.

The real risk-versus-reward verdict is this: the upright row offers moderate risk and moderate-to-high reward. If you can perform it pain-free, use a sensible grip, and use a pain-free range of motion, the reward can outweigh the risk. If every rep feels like a no, the cost is too high, and another variation is warranted.

Final Verdict

The upright row is not all bad for your shoulders, but it is not idiot-proof either, because thinking that more is better is a bad long-term move. The risk to your shoulders is real, and pretending otherwise is dangerous.

But that doesn’t mean you should scrap it. Use a controlled range of motion, a sensible grip, and a moderate load to make this lift an effective delt and upper trap builder. The upright row is neither the villain it’s made out to be nor a bolder shoulder hero. Whatever your choice, choose wisely.

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Fitness

The Best Fitness Trackers, According to Months of Real-World Testing

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The Best Fitness Trackers, According to Months of Real-World Testing

In the last few years, the fitness tracker market has grown exponentially. Now, you can find something for every taste, whether you prefer a discreet ring or a large screen, as well as for every personality, from the health metric-obsessed to the person who simply wants better sleep.

And in 2026, I tried many of the most popular devices on the market, from Apple, Oura, Garmin and more. Some days, I had a forearm-high stack of watches as I compared how they tracked my data for runs, strength training sessions, sleep and more. And I had some clear favorites.

Below, I’m sharing the top trackers that I tried last year, from screen-free options to the best pick for runners.

Best smart watches

Best affordable tracker:

If you’re looking for a fitness tracker that can give you all of the basics (and then some) at a relatively affordable price, the Fitbit Inspire 3 is one of the best devices out there, in my opinion. While it doesn’t have some of the bells and whistles that other gadgets offer, it really does quite a bit. Over the course of about a month of wear, I found the sleep, activity and general health data to be pretty accurate.

I also like that the device feels less bulky than many of the other trackers with screens that I have tried. The screen is 5 millimeters, which is just enough to show you the relevant stats during workouts, read notifications and texts and more without feeling like an eyesore on your wrist. However, that comes with the caveat that those with larger fingers may struggle with the small touchscreen.

To access all of your data, you’ll have to go to the app. It takes some playing around to figure out where to find everything, but once I did, it was easy to stay up to date on all my metrics. While you can access most of the basic data with just the app and watch, you’ll also get a six-month Fitbit Premium membership when you purchase, where you can see even more metrics and access additional workout videos as well.

Best for runners:

While I’ve tried a couple of Garmin’s devices and loved them all, for casual runners, the Garmin Forerunner 55 is a great entry point. That’s not to say you can’t use it for other activities. It allows you to log different activities and monitor sleep data, but I’ve found it to be the most helpful for running.

If you’re someone who regularly runs races, whether it be 10Ks or full marathons, you can find your race on the Garmin app and start a countdown and the app will even create a custom training plan for you with workouts that you can send to your device. I love the ability to create custom workouts with different pace and distance goals throughout your run (which is particularly great for anyone working on speed). If you’re running below or above your desired pace, the watch will send you an alert to keep you on track.

It has an impressive battery life of up to two weeks on a single charge, too, so I’ve been able to go on trips and leave the charger behind. In fact, on a 14-day trip, I got home and still had a day’s worth of charge left.

This is also the only device I tried without a touchscreen, which I really liked. That meant that I wasn’t fumbling with the buttons with sweaty hands on hot days or cold, gloved ones in the winter. The buttons are large enough that I could press them to pause or restart my workout, even when the watch was hidden by a jacket sleeve.

Best affordable Apple Watch:

The Apple Watch SE is the brand’s most affordable model, and I recommend it for the person who wants to stay connected, track workouts, monitor health and more, but doesn’t mind charging every day. (Though a big benefit of this new model is that it charges much faster than previous versions.)

New features include temperature sensing for more accurate vitals measurements, a daily sleep score to give you a better idea of how well-rested you are for the day, an always-on display and the ability to start workouts on your phone and track them on the watch.

Plus, if you have an iPhone, an Apple Watch is by far the best option out of all the available trackers for staying connected. You can easily respond to texts, check your email, use your Apple Wallet, answer calls and more. It makes functioning without a phone easy if I need to accomplish something without my phone nearby.

Best for iPhone users:

Apple released its Apple Watch 11 earlier this year, and for anyone questioning if they should make the upgrade, the new watch has one major perk: Extended battery life. According to the brand, you can get up to 24 hours of normal use from one charge, and I find that to be pretty accurate. But when you put it on low power mode (which I often do), you can get more than a day of use.

When looking at the other models, I would say the biggest draw of this one is that you get a much better battery life for just a little more money than the SE (considering that it’s on sale right now). Plus, like the other new models Apple released this year, the Series 11 includes the sleep score feature and can be used to spot signs of possible hypertension or high blood pressure.

I’ve also had issues with my Apple Watch screens scratching in the past, so I appreciate that the brand says this one is twice as scratch-resistant as the previous model.

Best for endurance athletes:

If it weren’t for the high price, I would recommend the Apple Watch Ultra to everyone. But for those who are active and willing to invest, I consider it to be the all-around best option among Apple’s watches.

The Ultra is designed specifically with athletes and adventurers in mind. It has the longest battery life of any of the Apple Watches, with up to 42 hours of battery life (and up to 72 hours on low power mode), so it will last through long races and backpacking trips — or even just a couple of days of going through your normal routine. It’s also designed to be much more durable than other models, as it has a titanium case and a display made from sapphire crystal (which Apple says is one of the strongest naturally occurring metals on Earth). It’s also said to have a better-than-average GPS, so your data won’t be as affected when running in urban areas where there are a lot of tall buildings.

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Another thing that I really love about the Ultra is the additional Action button, which is customizable, so you can use it to control your workout, start a new interval or mark a segment. You can pause and end your workout using the buttons as well, so you don’t have to fumble with the touchscreen (which, if you have sweaty hands, you know is a big win).

If you spend a lot of time off the grid — say, trail running or climbing in remote areas — you can use the satellite feature to stay connected and send texts or your location, even if you don’t have WiFi or cell service. It can also be used to get help in case of an emergency.

Best screen-free trackers

Best for the data-obsessed:

If you’re a true wellness obsessive who loves data and seeing how behavior changes affect sleep, workouts and more, this is a great device to consider.

For each activity you do, you get an estimated strain score that tells you how taxing the activity was on your body (the score can range from zero to 21). These all factor into your strain score for the day, which includes everything from workouts to general daily movement, as well as stress and anxiety. After a night’s rest, you’ll also get a recovery score — a percentage between one and 100 — which factors in your activities and stress from the day before, your sleep performance, HRV, heart rate and respiratory rate. Each day, you also get the option to journal, so you can track behaviors, like stretching or taking supplements, and over time, you can track how the habits affect your recovery.

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The Whoop provides you with a lot of interesting data, but it also has features to help you understand it better. It uses AI to create a daily outlook, which will give you activity recommendations based on your sleep and activity data. There’s also a Healthspan feature, which takes your data (after 21 consistent nights of wear) and gives you your Whoop Age (a measure of your physiological age, which can be different from your actual age) and Pace of Aging (which is impacted by your daily lifestyle choices and can range from -1x to 3).

The battery life is also pretty hard to beat. The brand shares that you can get up to 14 days, and I’ve found that estimate to be pretty accurate. In fact, I’ve even occasionally gotten more than two weeks of use out of it from one charge. To charge the Whoop, you charge its battery pack separately and then can slide it onto the device while you’re still wearing it to add juice, so you don’t even have to miss a minute of data.

As someone who is super interested in using data to optimize health, I love the Whoop. However, as a runner who spends a lot of time focused on proper pacing during workouts, for those activities, I also typically wear a device with a screen, like my Garmin or Apple Watch, to make sure I’m meeting my goals.

When you purchase using one of the above links, you’ll get a year-long membership. After that, you can choose from one of Whoop’s three membership options: One ($149 per year), Peak ($239 per year) or Life ($359 per year).

The most discreet fitness tracker:

The Oura Ring has become one of the most trendy trackers of the last few years, thanks to its discreet — and I would even say, stylish — design. The ring features sensors along the inner band, which measure things like blood oxygen levels, temperature, respiration, heart rate variability and more.

In my opinion, one of the best things about the Oura ring (outside of its look) is how simply it breaks down the data. Each morning, it takes your data from the night and day before, and gives you three scores: Sleep, Activity and Readiness, all of which fall between zero and 100. Each one provides you with a broader view of how well rested you are for the day and how ready you are to challenge yourself.

If you’re in it for the workout tracking aspect, this is not the best option. Aside from the fact that it doesn’t have a screen (so you can’t actively see your stats while you’re in a workout), it doesn’t always sense lower-intensity workouts, like yoga or Pilates, so you often have to go into the app and add them after. Plus, in addition to the cost of the ring, accessing your data and all the features on the app costs $6 per month.

How we chose

Last year, I tried over a dozen fitness trackers, wearing them each for at least a week straight (most of the time much longer) for workouts, sleep and everyday activities. Throughout the year, I trained for multiple races, including a marathon and two half marathons, so I used many of the trackers for workouts related to my training. When choosing the best trackers, I kept in mind a range of factors, including price, battery life, connectivity and general features.

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Why trust Shop TODAY?

The Shop TODAY editors and writers search the internet to find the best products out there. We interview expert sources and use our own personal experiences with the product and brand to make shopping easier for our readers.

Emma Stessman is a writer for Shop TODAY. She has over a decade of experience in digital media — with nearly half of that time being focused on the health and wellness space. She has owned multiple fitness trackers from top brands over the years. At Shop TODAY she covers a range of topics, from new tech releases to expert-approved beauty trends. She is an avid runner and fitness enthusiast with a personal passion for health.

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Fitness

The 150-minute Exercise Rule Helps Your Heart. But If You’re Serious About It, Better Aim for 600 Minutes

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The 150-minute Exercise Rule Helps Your Heart. But If You’re Serious About It, Better Aim for 600 Minutes
Credit: Unsplash.

Public health advice says you should get at least 150 minutes of brisk walking, cycling, running or other moderate-to-vigorous exercise each week.

However, a new study suggests that the target is just the bare minimum.

The widely cited 150-minute goal is not wrong. The new study found it offers a reliable first layer of protection against heart disease. But for people seeking a much larger reduction in cardiovascular risk, the amount of exercise associated with that benefit was far higher: roughly 560 to 610 minutes a week, or about 80 to 90 minutes a day.

A Minimum, Not a Magic Number

The study analyzed more than 17,000 adults in the UK Biobank who wore wrist activity monitors and completed a fitness test. Over nearly eight years of follow-up, researchers tracked heart attacks, strokes, heart failure and atrial fibrillation.

They found that meeting the current guideline was linked to a modest 8 to 9 percent reduction in cardiovascular risk across fitness levels. A reduction greater than 30 percent was associated with about three to four times as much weekly exercise.

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The findings do not mean that 150 minutes a week is useless — quite the opposite. The study suggests it works as a simple public health floor, one that benefits people regardless of whether they start out fit or deconditioned.

But the results also challenge the way many people understand the guideline. The number is often treated as a target to reach and stop at.

The researchers studied moderate-to-vigorous physical activity, a category that includes exercise intense enough to raise the heart rate, such as brisk walking, running and cycling. They also measured cardiorespiratory fitness using estimated VO₂ max, a measure of how efficiently the heart, lungs and muscles deliver and use oxygen during exertion.

This is a pretty important distinction. Fitness and physical activity are of course related, but they are not the same thing. Two people may report similar exercise habits and still differ in cardiovascular fitness because of genetics, age, health history, training response or earlier-life conditioning.

“Future guidelines may need to differentiate between the minimal moderate to vigorous exercise volume required for a basic safety margin and the substantially higher volumes necessary for optimal cardiovascular risk reduction,” they conclude.

Less Fit People Faced a Steeper Climb

Graph showing how much exercise per week is linked to different levels of cardiovascular risk reduction.Graph showing how much exercise per week is linked to different levels of cardiovascular risk reduction.

Participants wore an accelerometer for seven consecutive days between 2013 and 2015. They also completed a submaximal cycling test used to estimate VO₂ max. The researchers then linked these data to hospital and death records through October 2022.

During a median follow-up of 7.85 years, 1,233 cardiovascular events occurred. These included 874 cases of atrial fibrillation, 156 heart attacks, 111 cases of heart failure and 92 strokes.

The pattern was not simply “more exercise is better” in a straight line. Instead, the researchers found a non-linear relationship between activity, fitness and risk. Higher fitness appeared to provide its own protective margin. At the same time, increasing weekly activity lowered risk across the fitness spectrum.

For a 20 percent reduction in cardiovascular risk, people with the lowest fitness needed about 370 minutes of moderate-to-vigorous activity per week. People with the highest fitness needed about 340 minutes. For a 30 percent reduction, the estimates rose to about 610 minutes per week for the least fit and 560 minutes for the most fit.

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You might not like to hear this, but if you’re already unfit, you need to invest much more time and effort than someone who is fitter to reach the same cardiovascular protection. If that sounds like common sense, it is. But the new study is helpful because the figures it offers help frame things more clearly and offer a measurable goal.

Set Achievable Goals

The study was observational, so it cannot prove that exercising 600 minutes a week caused the lower risk. People who exercise more may differ in other ways, such as diet, income, sleep, access to care, smoking history or underlying health.

Also, not everyone can afford to exercise for 10 hours a week. In fact, most don’t. For older adults, people with heart disease, or those who have been inactive for years, that could be unrealistic or unsafe without medical guidance.

For broad public health, 150 minutes a week remains a useful and achievable goal. But if you can safely do more, the heart may keep benefiting well beyond that threshold.

The findings appeared in the British Journal of Sports Medicine.

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I Spent Years Believing Exercise Wasn’t for Me—Until I Ran My First Half Marathon at 35

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I Spent Years Believing Exercise Wasn’t for Me—Until I Ran My First Half Marathon at 35

“No one forced you to be here”: it’s a statement I’ve heard many times in many different ways over the years; at parties I didn’t enjoy, on weekends away when I had, in fact, felt forced to attend. Most recently, I said it to myself as I shuffled towards the start line at the Hoka Hackney Half Marathon. It was true; no one had forced me, and while that saying had previously always felt loaded — usually spewed in sulky moments when I wasn’t being fully amenable to the whims of whoever was lodging the insult at me — more recently, I have found it empowering.

I have a history of recoiling at anything with even a whiff of bootcamp vernacular, but at my weekly Pilates session, instructor Lucy Borrie likes to remind us that we chose to be there, and for the first time in my life, I’ve found that reminder reassuring rather than reprimanding. Before, I’d taken the saying as confirmation that I wasn’t meant to be there — that the space, and exercise at large, were not for me. No one forced you to be here, so if you’re not enjoying this, or you can’t complete the routine, then you are the problem: that is what I took that saying to mean.

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