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13 best exercises for ‘bingo wings’, and what *actually* causes them

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13 best exercises for ‘bingo wings’, and what *actually* causes them

Bingo wings, the rather unflattering name given to fat that lies on your upper arms, are another normal and unproblematic body part that have still become a source of frustration and fixation for a media-inundated audience.

Every month, 2.4k of you ask Google for ‘exercises for bingo wings’, or just general info on ‘bingo wings’. To help, then, we’ve consulted the experts to decipher the misinformation from the hard facts, including why there are fatty deposits located around your tricep muscle, and how to built a fitness regime to get rid of them, if that’s what you want to do. Read on, friends.

Remember, while there are many exercises you can perform to develop and strengthen your arm muscles, you cannot spot reduce or specifically remove fat from a one particular area.

Become a member of the Women’s Health Collective and get full access to the Women’s Health app, available to download on Google Play and the App Store, to get the latest workouts and fitness content.

What does the phrase ‘bingo wings’ refer to?

Rearing its head in the 1990s, the term ‘bingo wings’ came, unsurprisingly, from the game Bingo!, during which your upper arm becomes visible when the winner announces their winning score-card, raising it up for all to see and most likely jiggling the card to show off their bingo prowess.

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But, instead of berating your body, let us guide you through what causes of bingo wings, the best exercises for bingo wings – that burn fat and build muscle – as well as answering your bingo wing FAQs.

What causes bingo wings?

Bingo wings tend to come with age. ‘As you get older, your body tends to slow down; in the way it reacts to exercise, your metabolism speed, and maintaining weight becomes more challenging,’ Equinox PT Vera Stefanie says.

‘The production and or use of certain hormones, such as growth hormones and testosterone, also changes. There are specific areas in the female body that are more affected by hormones and stress, such as thighs and belly fat. Arms are one of those areas, too,’ she adds.

Another cause of bingo wings can be down to the fact that after the age of 40, natural levels of the growth hormone start to decline. Lower levels of growth hormones are related to declining levels of muscle mass and changes to how your body breaks down and stores fat – basically, how easy it is for you to gain muscle and how hard it is for your body to metabolise fat.

Can you get rid of bingo wings and lose fat just off your arms?

Sadly, there are no natural quick fixes for this and trying to lose arm fat specifically is fruitless. Your body cannot and will not spot reduce fat.

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Instead, your task comes down to the classic combination of learning how to build muscle and learning how to lose body fat. Overall body fat must be reduced to see fat loss occur in specific areas but muscle strengthening and toning is also necessary to achieve your goals.

It’s also good to remember that your body will have specific areas it likes to hold onto fat. That might be your lower stomach or your upper arms but it can be down to genetics, hormones, stress and sleep too.

First up, let’s get you going with a simple explanation of which muscles make up the arm (no, there’s not a “wing muscle”) and the best exercises to get rid of bingo wings.

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What muscles make up your arm?

For a sculpted upper body, you need to work a number of muscles. Firstly, there’s the group of muscles that make up your front part of your upper arm:

  • Biceps brachii: Often referred to as just ‘biceps’, this muscle begins at the front and back of your shoulder and joins together again around your elbow.
    • Brachialis: This muscle acts as a bridge between your forearm and upper arm and lies beneath your bicep muscle.
    • Coracobrachialis: This muscle is located near your shoulder and helps bring your arm closer to your body while also stabilising your shoulder joint mid-movement.

    Then, there are the muscles that make up the back part of your upper arm:

    • Triceps brachii: often referred to as just ‘triceps’, this muscle lays along the back of your upper arm and helps with forearm extension.
    • Anconeus: a smaller muscle that helps with forearm rotation and elbow extension.

    5 exercises for bingo wings without weights

    If you don’t have weights, e.g. dumbbells or kettlebells to use for dumbbell exercises, then there are a number of bodyweight exercises, from back exercises to tricep exercises, that PT Gina Obeng suggests that’ll help you build upper body muscle and tone your arms.

    1. Push-ups

    Image no longer available

    a) Get into a plank position, with your hands under but slightly outside of your shoulders.

    b) Lower your body until your chest nearly touches the floor.

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    c) As you lower yourself, tuck your elbows, pulling them close to your body so that your upper arms form a 45-degree angle when your torso is in the bottom position of the move.

    d) Pause, then push back to the starting position as quickly as possible. Keep your core braced the entire time.

    Trainer tip: If your hips sag at any point during the exercise, your form has been broken. When this happens, consider that your last repetition and end the set.

    To make this move easier, perform it on your knees:

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    2. Arm circles

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    a) Standing with your feet hip-width apart, raise your arms laterally out on either side.

    b) With control, rotate your arms forward in small, slow circles.

    ‘Try and tense your muscle throughout the whole circular motion,’ says Obeng. ‘Don’t just leave your arms to swing – tense your muscle and make the movement nice and slow and controlled.’

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    3. Diamond push-ups

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    a) Get into a high plank position with your hands directly under your shoulders.

    b) Bring each hand directly under your chest with thumbs and forefingers touching to create a diamond shape.

    c) From here, lower your body until your chest almost touches the floor, keeping your elbows tucked into your sides of your body.

    d) Pause, then push directly up to starting position.

    This is an advanced move and can be scaled down to your fitness ability by placing your knees on the floor. Try to keep a straight line from your shoulders to your hips throughout the whole movement.

    4. Lay down push-ups

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    a) Set up for a normal push up, with wrists under elbows and core engaged.

    b) Keeping elbows tucked into your torso, bend them and lower down until your entire body is touching the floor.

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    c) Release your hands and extend your arms in front of you to tap the floor.

    d) Place your hands back underneath your shoulders and push back up to starting position. That’s one rep.

    5. Hand release push-ups

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    a) Set up for a normal push up, with wrists under elbows and core engaged.

    b) Keeping elbows tucked into your torso, bend them and lower down until your entire body is touching the floor.

    c) Release your hands by raising them quickly off the floor.

    d) Replace your hands and push back up to starting position. That’s one rep.

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    I can’t do a press-up yet – what exercises should I start with?

    ‘Press-ups are not essential for toning your arms,’ says Stefanie. ‘There are plenty of foundation exercises that help strengthen and tone the arms and will enable you to perform press-ups further down the line.’

    If a press-up is out of your range right now, start with some regression exercises that’ll help build strength and learn form like a press-up done against a wall.

    female athlete doing push ups outdoors

    doble-d//Getty Images

    How to do the perfect elevated push-up:

    a) Stand arms distance from the wall with your feet under your hips

    b)Place your hands flat on a flat surface, shoulder-distance apart

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    c) Bend your elbows and bring your chest towards the wall

    d) Push back to the start position, focusing on not flaring your elbows. Repeat a) – d)

      When you’ve mastered the wall press-up:

      To move on from this, take your press-up to the floor but with your knees on the floor. ‘You’ll have less body weight to lift and it will help you to gradually build up strength,’ says Stefanie.

      ‘Another method I highly recommend if you want to learn how to do a push-up is starting with negative or eccentric work’ she adds.

      ‘Start in the final position of a push-up, on your arms and toes, and slowly counting 5-10 seconds, lower yourself to the floor maintaining your form. Once you’ve reached the floor, reset in starting position and start the lowering phase again.’

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      8 exercises for bingo wings using weights

      As your upper arm is a collection of muscles and includes your shoulder and shoulder joint, it needs to be trained as such – this means taxing each different muscle group in order to see a difference.

      Equinox PT Vera Stefanie suggests bolting these exercises onto any core or lower-body workout to get that sweet upper-body burn.

      Trainer tip: Pick a weight that you can perform between 10 and 15 reps and complete 3 sets.

      1. Bent-over dumbbell row

      Image no longer available

      This video shows a single-arm row but use both dumbbells.

      a) Hold two dumbbells – one in each hand – and let them hang at arm’s length next to your sides, with your palms facing your body.

      b) Bending forwards to face the floor, row the dumbbells into both sides of your chest. Pause then slowly lower the dumbbells back to the starting position.

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      2. Bicep curls

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      a) Hold the dumbbells with an underhand grip (supinated).

      b) Keep your elbows tucked and bend your arms from your elbows to bring the dumbbells to the chest. Then slowly lower the bar back to starting position.

      3. Tricep dumbbell dips

      Image no longer available

      a) Hold a single dumbbell with both hands slightly behind your head.

      b) Bend your elbows forwards and, without moving your upper arms, lower the dumbbell down until your elbows are locked. Slowly return to the starting position.

      4. Seated overhead press

      Image no longer available

      a) Sit, with your shoulders against the bench, chest proud, head facing forward with a dumbbell in each hand. Bend your elbows at 90 degrees with the dumbbells at ear level and palms facing forward.

      b) Now straighten your arms and press the dumbbells towards the ceiling, then return to the start. Repeat.

      5. Dumbbell floor press

      Image no longer available

      a) Lie on your back and hold a pair of dumbbells above your shoulders with straight arms.

      b) Lower your arms down until your upper arms touch the floor, and then press upwards to the starting position.

      6. Inverted row

      a) Lie on the floor under a bar.

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      b) Grab it with an underhand grip. Tense your abs and pull yourself up keeping your body straight until your chest touches the bar, then lower. 


      Imagine trying to make your shoulder blades touch 
as you pull yourself up.

      7. Tricep dips

      tricep-dips-ps-1 alice

      a) Position your hands shoulder-width apart on a secure bench. Slide your butt off the front of the bench with your legs straight or slightly bent, in front of you. Straighten your arms, keeping your elbows slightly bent, so as not to allow them to lock-in.

      b) Slowly bend your elbows to lower your body towards the floor until your elbows are at a 90-degree angle. Be eep your back close to the bench. Once you reach the bottom of the movement, press down into the bench, to straighten your elbows, returning to starting position.

      8. Barbell squat press

      Overhead press, Exercise equipment, Shoulder, Barbell, Strength training, Free weight bar, Weight training, Standing, Arm, Physical fitness,

      a) Grab a barbell with an overhand grip and hold the barbell at shoulder level in front of your body.

      b) Slightly bend your knees and bend down until your knees are at a 90-degree angle, keeping your core embraced and your back straight. Return to standing.


      Bingo wings FAQs

      How often should you train your upper body?

      Realistically, twice a week. While you technically work your arms any time you do an exercise that makes your arms move, a training program that includes an upper-body session is most likely to help you tone up, up top.

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      ‘Work out your arms twice a week,’ Stefanie advises. ‘If you do this, you can guarantee improvements in tone and strength, without overloading your muscles too much.’

      As for the rest of the week, Obeng recommends supplementing your twice-weekly upper-body resistance workouts with:

      For cardio, she suggests cycling, hopping on a treadmill, or heading out for a run or walk – just being steadily moving for a period of time LISS-style.

      Alongside all of this, try to also make sure you’re getting proper recovery. On active recovery days, a walk is ideal to stay moving without stressing your body. On full rest days, chill out. Put your feet up.

      Can you still tone your arms without using weights?

      If you’re working out at home without much (or any) home gym equipment – and we know many of you are – PT Gina Obeng suggests using household equipment to keep your muscles under tension.

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      ‘Resistance training is the fastest way to build muscle in a particular area, and, the more muscle you have in a particular area, the easier it is for your body to burn fat,’ she says. But, that doesn’t have to be done just using the classic dumbbell/barbell combo.

      ‘Towels, tinned goods, water bottles, even watermelons. Filling a rucksack or gym bag with sand or heavy objects like books and then using it as resistance is still effective,’ she advises. For tricep extensions you could use a chunky remote control; just make sure to slow the movement down and really concentrate on the mind-muscle connection to keep your muscles under tension for longer.

      Will arm workouts make you bulk up?

      No. Many women refer to ‘bulk’ when they mean size. ‘The more you work out, the more fat you burn, and the more you stick to your weights routine, the more you build up muscle, which gets rid of fat and creates more definition,’ Stefanie says.

      Upper-body workouts will only add size if you increase muscle mass but don’t burn fat. And, if you’re in a calorie surplus. If you’re trying to lose weight well, you need to be in a calorie deficit – this means eating fewer daily calories than you burn through exercise and living.

      Learning how to count and calculate your macros can be one way of keeping your diet geared towards losing body fat and building muscle. (If you’re new to macros, short for macronutrients, it refers to protein, carbohydrates and fat – the three main food groups our body uses for fuel. Learning how to eat the best macros for fat loss, for you, can be a game-changer when it comes to altering your body composition.

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      Here’s a reminder of what foods fall into which categories. For example, chicken breasts would fall under protein and bread would fall under carbohydrates but some foods cross over categories. Cheese and eggs could be classified as both protein and fat, for example.

      macro calculator, women's health uk

      To figure out how to calculate your macros, use our handy infographic below:

      how to calculate macros, women's health uk

      How long does it take to build lean muscle?

      How your body builds muscle will be different from how the next person builds muscle. Our bodies are as individual as it gets and, whilst you could be doing the same programme as your bezzie mate, you might experience different rates of results.

      ‘I always say to my clients, “Give yourself three months to start seeing visual changes.” Everybody is different and exercise is also about trial and error and finding what works for you. So, especially for beginners, the first three months give you enough time to see changes – and they might not be drastic changes – but it’s enough time to notice a difference.’

      I’d also like to lose back fat. Will these exercises help?

      Learning how to get rid of back fat is much the same as trying to get rid of bingo wings and that’s because you can’t spot-reduce fat from any one part of your body. To lose back fat focus on eating in a calorie deficit, getting adequate NEAT exercise, resistance training regularly and looking after your sleep and stress.

      For a more detailed action plan, here’s our full guide to get rid of back fat (safely and sustainably), for good.


      Become a member of the Women’s Health Collective and get full access to the Women’s Health app, available to download on Google Play and the App Store, to get the latest celebrity-inspired workouts and fitness content.

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Why 21-15-9 Might be the Smartest Workout Format in Fitness – and How to Use it to Drive Muscle Growth

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Why 21-15-9 Might be the Smartest Workout Format in Fitness – and How to Use it to Drive Muscle Growth

CrossFit means a lot of things to a lot of people – because it’s made up of a lot of things.

Since the rise of the fitness giant, countless brands, events and training methods have sprung up around it – not claiming to be CrossFit, but looking suspiciously CrossFit-esque.

There are, however, a handful of things that are uniquely CrossFit: the ‘Girls’ benchmark workouts. The Hero WODs and, of course, its signature rep schemes.

Chief among them is ’21-15-9′.

The 21-15-9 rep scheme may just be the single most CrossFit thing in existence. But what exactly is it? Where did it come from? And why might it actually be better at building muscle in a hurry than its conditioning roots would have you believe?

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Let’s have a look.

What Is 21-15-9?

If you’ve never encountered it before, the format couldn’t be simpler. Choose two exercises (occasionally more) and perform 21 reps of each, then 15 reps of each, then nine reps of each, completing the entire workout as quickly as possible – with good form.

Probably the best-known example is ‘Fran’: 21 thrusters and pull-ups, followed by 15 of each, then nine. On paper it doesn’t look especially intimidating. In practice, it’s one of the most feared benchmark workouts in fitness.

Where Did it Come From?

Unlike many modern training methods, 21-15-9 didn’t come out of a study. It came from the gym floor.

CrossFit founder Greg Glassman has explained that the format emerged through years of coaching and experimentation in the 1990s. Rather than chasing a perfect sets-and-reps prescription, he was looking for a workout that allowed athletes to maintain a high power output from start to finish.

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The thinking is surprisingly elegant. You begin with 21 reps while fresh. By the time you reach the set of 15, your ability to produce force has already fallen. By the final nine, you’re significantly more fatigued – but the workload has dropped by almost the same amount.

Instead of grinding through increasingly miserable sets of the same length, the workout ‘meets you where you are’, reducing the work required as your capacity declines. The result is a workout that encourages you to keep moving instead of standing around trying to recover.

The numbers themselves are also remarkably practical. Forty-five total reps per movement provides plenty of training volume without turning the session into an endurance slog, while every set divides neatly into thirds if you need to break it up.

(Although I’ve got to be honest, I’m a 20-15-10-5 man myself, just for the sake of round numbers.)

Why Does it Work So Well?

Although there isn’t research showing that 21-15-9 is somehow the magic formula, there are obvious reasons why it consistently produces brutally effective workouts.

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Descending reps help maintain intensity. As fatigue accumulates, reducing the target allows movement quality, bar speed and overall work rate to stay higher than they would if you simply repeated the same number of reps over and over.

It also tends to land in a physiological sweet spot. Most 21-15-9 workouts take between three and eight minutes, depending on the movements and the athlete. That’s long enough to create a serious cardiovascular challenge while still requiring meaningful force production throughout. You’re taxing your anaerobic systems hard while relying on your aerobic system to help you recover just enough to keep going.

Finally, there’s the psychological trick. The hardest-looking part comes first. Once you’ve survived the opening 21, every remaining round appears more manageable. ‘Only 15 left.’ Then, ‘Just nine.’ In reality, you’re becoming more fatigued with every rep, but the shrinking target keeps you attacking the workout instead of pacing too conservatively.

Why it Might be Surprisingly Good for Building Muscle

Perhaps the biggest misconception about 21-15-9 is that it’s ‘just cardio with weights’.

Choose the right load and something interesting happens. Very few athletes complete every round unbroken. Instead, the workout naturally evolves into a series of short, broken sets separated by only a few seconds of rest.

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Your 21 might become 11-5-5. Your 15 becomes 8-4-3. Your final nine might stay unbroken – or become 5-4.

In effect, you’ve accidentally turned the workout into a form of rest-pause training.

Those brief pauses allow just enough recovery to squeeze out more high-quality repetitions before fatigue catches up again. By the latter stages of each mini-set, you’re repeatedly working very close to failure, recruiting the high-threshold motor units with the greatest potential for muscle growth.

It’s a similar principle to rest-pause training, myo-reps and cluster sets: all methods used to accumulate hypertrophy-friendly volume while keeping the load relatively heavy and the rest periods brutally short.

You’re basically speed-running a large number of hard, growth-stimulating reps in a very small window of time. Could this help explain why elite CrossFit athletes often carry an impressive amount of muscle despite spending relatively little time performing traditional bodybuilding splits?

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It’s certainly plausible, although the ‘elite’ part often selects for athletes with the greatest muscle-building potential.

Much of their training isn’t simply conditioning. It’s high-density resistance training performed under accumulating fatigue, with only fleeting recovery between efforts. In other words, they’re often doing something bodybuilders have deliberately programmed for decades: packing a lot of hard work into a very short period of time.

That’s not to say 21-15-9 is superior to a well-designed hypertrophy programme. If your sole goal is building muscle, there are more efficient ways to do it.

But if you’re looking for a workout that develops fitness, tests your mettle and still provides a meaningful stimulus for strength and size, it’s easy to see why this deceptively simple rep scheme has remained one of CrossFit’s defining fingerprints for more than 20 years.

Best Bodyweight 21-15-9 Workout: ‘JT’

If you’re looking for an interesting twist on the 21-15-9 format, look no further than Hero WOD ‘JT’, which concentrates the muscle-building potential of the format into a brutal upper-body workout.

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Created in honour of Petty Officer 1st Class Jeff Taylor, who was killed in Afghanistan in 2006, the workout strips away barbells altogether and relies solely on three bodyweight movements:

21-15-9 reps of:

Don’t let the lack of equipment fool you. The volume – 45 reps of each movement, 135 reps in total – combined with the descending rep scheme makes this a brutal upper-body test, hammering the shoulders, chest and triceps while demanding serious muscular endurance.

Better still, it perfectly demonstrates one of the biggest strengths of 21-15-9. As fatigue mounts and the sets naturally fragment, the workout begins to resemble one giant rest-pause set, allowing you to accumulate a huge number of hard, near-failure reps in less than 10 minutes.

If your goal is building an impressive upper body while developing serious work capacity, there are few bodyweight workouts that deliver quite so much bang for your buck, making ‘JT’ one of my personal favourites.

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fitness magazine cover featuring a muscular man with kettlebells

If there’s one thing Kori Sampson knows, it’s how to optimise your body composition for performance. To tap into his knowledge as an elite athlete and coach, we asked him to create a 4-week plan to help you move faster, recover quicker and keep pushing when the fatigue sets in – all while improving your muscle-to-fat ratio.

Ready to build muscle, burn fat and come out the other side looking, feeling and performing better? Click here to get 14 days of free access to the plan via the Men’s Health app.


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10 minutes of swimming might not sound worth it – but I tried it for 2 weeks and found the benefits of a quick dip

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10 minutes of swimming might not sound worth it – but I tried it for 2 weeks and found the benefits of a quick dip

The concept of ‘exercise snacking’ has never been more popular. Not only is it convenient and accessible, but there is solid scientific evidence that short bursts of physical activity can yield real benefits for our health. But can a swimming workout be an effective ‘exercise snack’?

A study published in the European Heart Journal found that just 15 to 20 minutes of vigorous physical activity a week (almost as low as two minutes a day) was enough to significantly lower the risk of heart disease, cancer and early death. The study defined vigorous activity as any exercise that leaves you out of breath and raises your heart rate, including swimming.

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The Fitness Secrets of Wimbledon’s Top Tennis Pros

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The Fitness Secrets of Wimbledon’s Top Tennis Pros

While many of us are far from becoming top-ranked athletes, there’s plenty to learn from the pros when it comes to optimising our health and fitness. From Janik Sinnner’s muscle-building techniques to Novak Djokovic’s devotion to longevity, dig into these tennis pros’ secrets for peak performance.

Joris Verwijst/BSR Agency//Getty Images

CARLOS ALCARAZ

Fitness Game Changer:

Sand Footwork Drills

Any pro tennis player has to play with agility, but Alcaraz can move. To do so at a high level, the 21-year-old performs lateral movement drills in the sand, teaching his feet to drive up from an unstable surface. This can help prevent ankle injuries and build strength in his calves and shin muscles.

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jannik sinner

Jose Breton/Pics Action/NurPhoto//Getty Images

JANNIK SINNER

Fitness Game Changer:

Landmine Rotations

Sinner has historically lacked the physical prowess of his competitors, so the 23-year-old has gone all in on strength and mobility work. He does landmine rotational exercises such as the hollow body landmine press, which builds upper-body power.

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novak djokavic

Lintao Zhang//Getty Images

NOVAK DJOKOVIC

Fitness Game Changer:

Devotion to Longevity

He’s been around this long for a reason. Djokovic, 37, eliminated gluten and dairy from his diet, started practising mindfulness techniques like conscious breathing and visualisation, and even brought a hyperbaric chamber to the 2019 US Open.

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ben shelton

Cameron Spencer//Getty Images

BEN SHELTON

Fitness Game Changer:

Explosive Strength Moves

Known for his consistently fast serves, Shelton, 22, relies on single-leg training, using dumbbells to do lateral lunges, step-ups, and even Bulgarian split squats. He focuses on exploding upward on every rep so he’s ready to attack the ball on each serve.

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frances tiafoe

Darrian Traynor//Getty Images
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FRANCES TIAFOE

Fitness Game Changer:

Overcoming Isometrics

Tiafoe spent last off-season doing overcoming isometrics: exercises that force the 27-year-old to hold a position against a load he can’t move. This aids in boosting power and strength and can improve joint health.


fitness magazine cover featuring a muscular man with kettlebells

If there’s one thing Kori Sampson knows, it’s how to optimise your body composition for performance. To tap into his knowledge as an elite athlete and coach, we asked him to create a 4-week plan to help you move faster, recover quicker and keep pushing when the fatigue sets in – all while improving your muscle-to-fat ratio.

Ready to build muscle, burn fat and come out the other side looking, feeling and performing better? Click here to get 14 days of free access to the plan via the Men’s Health app.

Lettermark

Andrew Gutman, NASM-CPT is a journalist with a decade of experience covering fitness and nutrition. His work has been published in Men’s Health, Men’s Journal, Muscle & Fitness, and Gear Patrol. Outside of writing, Andrew trains in Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu, helps coach his gym’s kickboxing team, and enjoys reading and cooking. 

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