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A Cyberattack Illuminates the Shaky State of Student Privacy

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A Cyberattack Illuminates the Shaky State of Student Privacy

The software program that many faculty districts use to trace college students’ progress can report extraordinarily confidential info on youngsters: “Mental incapacity.” “Emotional Disturbance.” “Homeless.” “Disruptive.” “Defiance.” “Perpetrator.” “Extreme Speaking.” “Ought to attend tutoring.”

Now these methods are coming beneath heightened scrutiny after a latest cyberattack on Illuminate Schooling, a number one supplier of student-tracking software program, which affected the non-public info of greater than one million present and former college students throughout dozens of districts — together with in New York Metropolis and Los Angeles, the nation’s largest public faculty methods.

Officers stated in some districts the info included the names, dates of start, races or ethnicities and take a look at scores of scholars. No less than one district stated the info included extra intimate info like pupil tardiness charges, migrant standing, habits incidents and descriptions of disabilities.

The publicity of such non-public info may have long-term penalties.

“Should you’re a nasty pupil and had disciplinary issues and that info is now on the market, how do you recuperate from that?” stated Joe Inexperienced, a cybersecurity skilled and mother or father of a highschool pupil in Erie, Colo., whose son’s highschool was affected by the hack. “It’s your future. It’s moving into school, getting a job. It’s all the pieces.”

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During the last decade, tech firms and training reformers have pushed colleges to undertake software program methods that may catalog and categorize college students’ classroom outbursts, absenteeism and studying challenges. The intent of such instruments is effectively that means: to assist educators determine and intervene with at-risk college students. As these student-tracking methods have unfold, nevertheless, so have cyberattacks on faculty software program distributors — together with a latest hack that affected Chicago Public Faculties, the nation’s third-largest district.

Now some cybersecurity and privateness consultants say that the cyberattack on Illuminate Schooling quantities to a warning for business and authorities regulators. Though it was not the most important hack on an ed tech firm, these consultants say they’re troubled by the character and scope of the info breach — which, in some instances, concerned delicate private particulars about college students or pupil information relationship again greater than a decade. At a second when some training know-how firms have amassed delicate info on hundreds of thousands of faculty youngsters, they are saying, safeguards for pupil information appear wholly insufficient.

“There has actually been an epic failure,” stated Hector Balderas, the legal professional basic of New Mexico, whose workplace has sued tech firms for violating the privateness of kids and college students.

In a latest interview, Mr. Balderas stated that Congress had didn’t enact fashionable, significant information protections for college kids whereas regulators had failed to carry ed tech companies accountable for flouting pupil information privateness and safety.

“There completely is an enforcement and an accountability hole,” Mr. Balderas stated.

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In an announcement, Illuminate stated that it had “no proof that any info was topic to precise or tried misuse” and that it had “carried out safety enhancements to forestall” additional cyberattacks.

Almost a decade in the past, privateness and safety consultants started warning that the unfold of refined data-mining instruments in colleges was quickly outpacing protections for college kids’ private info. Lawmakers rushed to reply.

Since 2014, California, Colorado and dozens of different states have handed pupil information privateness and safety legal guidelines. In 2014, dozens of Okay-12 ed tech suppliers signed on to a nationwide Scholar Privateness Pledge, promising to keep up a “complete safety program.”

Supporters of the pledge stated the Federal Commerce Fee, which polices misleading privateness practices, would have the ability to maintain firms to their commitments. President Obama endorsed the pledge, praising collaborating firms in a significant privateness speech on the F.T.C. in 2015.

The F.T.C. has a protracted historical past of fining firms for violating youngsters’s privateness on client companies like YouTube and TikTok. Regardless of quite a few studies of ed tech firms with problematic privateness and safety practices, nevertheless, the company has but to implement the business’s pupil privateness pledge.

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In Might, the F.T.C. introduced that regulators meant to crack down on ed tech firms that violate a federal regulation — the Kids’s On-line Privateness Safety Act — which requires on-line companies aimed toward youngsters beneath 13 to safeguard their private information. The company is pursuing a lot of nonpublic investigations into ed tech firms, stated Juliana Gruenwald Henderson, an F.T.C. spokeswoman.

Based mostly in Irvine, Calif., Illuminate Schooling is among the nation’s main distributors of student-tracking software program.

The corporate’s web site says its companies attain greater than 17 million college students in 5,200 faculty districts. Fashionable merchandise embrace an attendance-taking system and an internet grade e-book in addition to a faculty platform, known as eduCLIMBER, that permits educators to report college students’ “social-emotional habits” and color-code youngsters as inexperienced (“on observe”) or crimson (“not on observe”).

Illuminate has promoted its cybersecurity. In 2016, the corporate introduced that it had signed on to the business pledge to point out its “assist for safeguarding” pupil information.

Issues a couple of cyberattack emerged in January after some academics in New York Metropolis colleges found that their on-line attendance and grade e-book methods had stopped working. Illuminate stated it briefly took these methods offline after it grew to become conscious of “suspicious exercise” on a part of its community.

On March 25, Illuminate notified the district that sure firm databases had been topic to unauthorized entry, stated Nathaniel Styer, the press secretary for New York Metropolis Public Faculties. The incident, he stated, affected about 800,000 present and former college students throughout roughly 700 native colleges.

For the affected New York Metropolis college students, information included first and final names, faculty title and pupil ID quantity in addition to a minimum of two of the next: start date, gender, race or ethnicity, house language and sophistication info like trainer title. In some instances, college students’ incapacity standing — that’s, whether or not or not they acquired particular training companies — was additionally affected.

New York Metropolis officers stated they have been outraged. In 2020, Illuminate signed a strict information settlement with the district requiring the corporate to safeguard pupil information and promptly notify district officers within the occasion of an information breach.

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Metropolis officers have requested the New York legal professional basic’s workplace and the F.B.I. to analyze. In Might, New York Metropolis’s training division, which is conducting its personal investigation, instructed native colleges to cease utilizing Illuminate merchandise.

“Our college students deserved a associate that targeted on having satisfactory safety, however as an alternative their info was left in danger,” Mayor Eric Adams stated in an announcement to The New York Occasions. Mr. Adams added that his administration was working with regulators “as we push to carry the corporate totally accountable for not offering our college students with the safety promised.”

The Illuminate hack affected a further 174,000 college students in 22 faculty districts throughout the state, in response to the New York State Schooling Division, which is conducting its personal investigation.

During the last 4 months, Illuminate has additionally notified greater than a dozen different districts — in Connecticut, California, Colorado, Oklahoma and Washington State — in regards to the cyberattack.

Illuminate declined to say what number of faculty districts and college students have been affected. In an announcement, the corporate stated it had labored with outdoors consultants to analyze the safety incident and had concluded that pupil info was “probably topic to unauthorized entry” between Dec. 28, 2021, and Jan. 8, 2022. At the moment, the assertion stated, Illuminate had 5 full-time staff devoted to safety operations.

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Illuminate stored pupil information on the Amazon Internet Companies on-line storage system. Cybersecurity consultants stated many firms had inadvertently made their A.W.S. storage buckets straightforward for hackers to seek out — by naming databases after firm platforms or merchandise.

Within the wake of the hack, Illuminate stated it had employed six extra full-time safety and compliance staff, together with a chief info safety officer.

After the cyberattack, the corporate additionally made quite a few safety upgrades, in response to a letter Illuminate despatched to a college district in Colorado. Amongst different adjustments, the letter stated, Illuminate instituted steady third-party monitoring on all of its AW.S. accounts and is now implementing improved login safety for its A.W.S. information.

However throughout an interview with a reporter, Greg Pollock, the vice chairman for cyber analysis at UpGuard, a cybersecurity threat administration agency, discovered certainly one of Illuminate’s A.W.S. buckets with an simply guessable title. The reporter then discovered a second A.W.S. bucket named after a well-liked Illuminate platform for colleges.

Illuminate stated it couldn’t present particulars about its safety follow “for safety causes.”

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After a spate of cyberattacks on each ed tech firms and public colleges, training officers stated it was time for Washington to intervene to guard college students.

“Modifications on the federal stage are overdue and will have a right away and nationwide affect,” stated Mr. Styer, the New York Metropolis colleges spokesman. Congress, as an example, may amend federal training privateness guidelines to impose information safety necessities on faculty distributors, he stated. That might allow federal businesses to levy fines on firms that didn’t comply.

One company has already cracked down — however not on behalf of scholars.

Final 12 months, the Securities and Change Fee charged Pearson, a significant supplier of evaluation software program for colleges, with deceptive buyers a couple of cyberattack during which the start dates and e-mail addresses of hundreds of thousands of scholars have been stolen. Pearson agreed to pay $1 million to settle the fees.

Mr. Balderas, the legal professional basic, stated he was infuriated that monetary regulators had acted to guard buyers within the Pearson case — at the same time as privateness regulators didn’t step up for schoolchildren who have been victims of cybercrime.

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“My concern is there shall be unhealthy actors who will exploit a public faculty setting, particularly after they suppose that the know-how protocols aren’t very strong,” Mr. Balderas stated. “And I don’t know why Congress isn’t terrified but.”

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Column: Examining Trump's lies about what he did with Obamacare and COVID

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Column: Examining Trump's lies about what he did with Obamacare and COVID

My favorite Lily Tomlin line is this one: “No matter how cynical you become, it’s never enough to keep up.”

I love it more today than ever, because it applies so perfectly to how we must respond to the campaign claims of Donald Trump and JD Vance. Especially Trump’s assertions about his role — heroic, in his vision — in “saving” the Affordable Care Act and fighting the COVID pandemic.

I’ve written before about the firehouse of fabrication and grift emanating from the Trump campaign like a political miasma. On these topics, he has moved beyond his habit of merely concocting a false reality about, say, immigration and crime to deliberately concocting a false reality about himself.

Donald Trump could have destroyed [Obamacare]. Instead, he worked in a bipartisan way to ensure that Americans had access to affordable care.

— JD Vance, flagrantly lying about Trump’s management of the Affordable Care Act

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To start by summarizing: Trump did everything in his power to destroy the Affordable Care Act, starting on the very first day of his term in 2017. On COVID, he did everything in his power to make America defenseless against the spreading pandemic.

Let’s take them in order.

Here’s what Trump said about the Affordable Care Act during his Sept. 10 debate with Kamala Harris: “I had a choice to make when I was president, do I save it and make it as good as it can be? Never going to be great. Or do I let it rot? … And I saved it. I did the right thing.”

This was the prelude to his head-scratching assertion that he has “concepts of a plan” to reform healthcare in the U.S. I examined what that might mean in a recent column, in which I explained that it would turn the U.S. healthcare system to the deadly dark ages when people with preexisting medical conditions would be either denied coverage or charged monstrous markups.

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During his own debate Tuesday with Tim Walz, Vance made himself an accomplice to Trump’s crime against truth .

Here’s Vance’s version of the Trumpian fantasy:

“Donald Trump has said that if we allow states to experiment a little bit on how to cover both the chronically ill, but the non-chronically ill … He actually implemented some of these regulations when he was president of the United States. And I think you can make a really good argument that it salvaged Obamacare. … Donald Trump could have destroyed the program. Instead, he worked in a bipartisan way to ensure that Americans had access to affordable care.”

Here’s what Trump actually did to the Affordable Care Act during his presidency. He had made repealing the ACA a core promise of his 2016 presidential campaign, stating on his website, “On day one of the Trump Administration, we will ask Congress to immediately deliver a full repeal of Obamacare.” (Thanks are due to the indispensable Jonathan Cohn of Huffpost for excavating the quote.)

Trump drove down Obamacare enrollment every year he was in office; when Biden removed Trump’s obstacles, enrollment soared.

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(KFF / Kevin Drum)

On Inauguration Day, Trump issued an executive order instructing the entire executive branch to find ways to “waive, defer, grant exemptions from, or delay the implementation of any provision or requirement” of the ACA.

During his presidency, he never abandoned the Republican dream of repealing Obamacare, even after July 28, 2017, when the late Sen. John McCain (R-Ariz.) strode to the Senate well and delivered a thumbs-down coup de grace to a GOP repeal bill.

Trump never ceased slandering the ACA as a “disaster.” He returned to the theme during last month’s debate: “Obamacare was lousy healthcare,” he said. “Always was. It’s not very good today.” As president, he threatened to make it “implode,” and used every tool he could get his fingers on to do so.

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Just after taking office, he abruptly canceled the customary last-minute advertising blitz to encourage enrollments in Obamacare plans before open enrollment ended on Jan. 31. The last minute surge in enrollments, which had occurred every previous year, vanished. The drop-off was particularly devastating because it was concentrated among the healthiest potential enrollees — those who often wait until the last minute to sign up and whose premiums generally subsidize older, less healthy patients.

In September 2017 he slashed the advertising budget for the upcoming open enrollment period for individual insurance policies by a stunning 90%, to $10 million from the previous year’s $100 million. He also cut funds for nonprofit groups that employ “navigators,” those who help people in the individual market understand their options and sign up, by roughly 40%, to $36.8 million from $62.5 million.

The impact these policies had on enrollment was dire. In the three years before Trump took office, ACA marketplace plans experienced annual enrollment increases, to 12.7 million enrollees in 2016 from 8 million in 2014. During every year of the Trump administration, enrollment declined, falling to 11.4 million in 2020.

Every year since Joseph Biden took office, enrollment has increased, reaching a record 21.3 million this year — an 86% increase over Trump’s last year.

As for Vance’s fatuous claim that Trump “worked in a bipartisan way to ensure that Americans had access to affordable care,” you have the right to ask what Vance has been smoking.

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The only bipartisanship on the ACA during the Trump years, Cohn observes, were the actions of GOP senators such as McCain and Lisa Murkowski of Alaska to cooperate with Democrats to stave off their fellow Republicans’ anti-ACA vandalism.

Now onto Trump’s fantasy vision of his role in fighting the COVID pandemic. Speaking in a low-energy, exhausted monotone at a speech Tuesday in Milwaukee and reading at times from a binder, he praised himself for instituting Operation Warp Speed, which funded COVID vaccine development in record time and got them rolled out in January 2021.

“We did a great job with the pandemic. Never got the credit we deserved,” he said. He then veered into blaming China for the pandemic, a familiar topic. He said bluntly that the pandemic was “caused by the Wuhan lab. I said that from the beginning, came from Wuhan. And the Wuhan lab, it wasn’t from bats in a cave that was 2,000 miles away. … It’s really the China virus.”

As for the rest of his COVID performance, he said this: “We did a great job with the ventilators, the masks and the gowns and everything. … When we got here the cupboards, our cupboards, I used to say our cupboards were bare. … No president put anything in for a pandemic.” Then he segued into praising himself for a big tax cut, and COVID was forgotten.

A few points about this spiel:

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Trump is correct that Operation Warp Speed was a significant achievement. But he didn’t continue to support it by advocating for its product, the COVID vaccine. Instead, he has thrown in his lot with fanatical anti-vaccine agitators such as Robert F. Kennedy. He has repeated an anti-vax mantra, promising, “I will not give one penny to any school that has a vaccine mandate or a mask mandate.” This is a formula for exposing children to vaccine-preventable diseases such as measles and even polio.

Trump’s reference to the Wuhan Institute of Virology as the source of SARS-CoV-2, the virus that causes COVID, underscores how closely the so-called lab-leak theory of COVID’s origins is tied to right-wing partisan politics. The theory originated with Trump acolytes at the State Department, who saw the accusation as a convenient weapon in Trump’s economic war with China.

To this day, not a speck of evidence has been produced to validate this claim; scientists versed in the relevant disciplines of virology and epidemiology say the evidence overwhelmingly supports the hypothesis that the virus reached humans via the wildlife trade, and that its journey may well have started with bats thousands of miles from Wuhan, China.

Trump is lying when he says his predecessors in the White House left him without resources. The truth is that Trump himself hobbled pandemic response from the start.

In 2016, in the wake of the Ebola epidemic in Africa, President Obama had established the the Directorate for Global Health Security and Biodefense at the National Security Council “to prepare for and, if possible, prevent the next outbreak from becoming an epidemic or pandemic,” in the words of its senior director, Beth Campbell. Trump dissolved it in 2018.

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During the pandemic, Trump cut off funding for the World Health Organization. He eliminated a $200-million pandemic early-warning program training scientists in China and elsewhere to detect and respond to such threats. He sidelined the White House Office of Science and Technology Policy, which had been established under Franklin D. Roosevelt.

Due to these steps, the U.S. was fated to sleepwalk into the pandemic. The COVID death toll in the U.S. stands at more than 1.2 million, and its reported death rate from COVID of 341.1 per 100,000 population is the highest in the developed world.

Ventilators, masks and gowns? Trump placed the procurement of this essential personal protective equipment in the hands of his son-in-law, Jared Kushner, who handled the task incompetently. Kushner turned away urgent appeals from state and local officials for those supplies.

“The notion of the federal stockpile was it’s supposed to be our stockpile, it’s not supposed to be states’ stockpiles that they then use,” Kushner said at a briefing.

Following his remarks, the website of the government’s national strategic stockpile of medicines and supplies was changed from asserting that its purpose was to “support” the emergency efforts of state, local and tribal authorities by ensuring that “the right medicines and supplies get to those who need them most.” The new language redefined the stockpile’s role as “to supplement state and local supplies … as a short-term stopgap.”

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Supplies of ventilators, masks and gowns remained scarce through the first months of the pandemic. A procurement official at a Massachusetts hospital system told me of having had to cut a deal with a shadowy broker offering 250,000 Chinese-made masks at an inflated price, completing the transaction for $1 million at a darkened warehouse five hours from home.

Trump made anti-science incompetence and disregard for the welfare of Americans part of our history. The same thing, or worse, looms on the horizon in a second Trump term.

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Albertsons to pay $3.9 million over allegations it overcharged, lied about weight of groceries

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Albertsons to pay .9 million over allegations it overcharged, lied about weight of groceries

Grocery titan Albertsons will pay $3.9 million to resolve a civil law enforcement complaint alleging that it ripped off customers at hundreds of its Vons, Safeway and Albertsons stores in California, authorities said Thursday.

According to the complaint, groceries sold by Albertsons Cos. — including produce, meats, baked goods and other items — had less product in the package than indicated on the label. The company also is accused of charging customers prices higher than its lowest advertised price.

“False advertising preys on consumers, who are already facing rising costs, and unfairly disadvantages companies that play by the rules,” L.A. County Dist. Atty. George Gascón said. “This kind of corporate conduct is especially egregious when it comes to essential groceries, as Californians rely on accurate advertised prices to budget food for their families.”

The case was filed in Marin County Superior Court in partnership with the consumer protection units of the district attorney’s offices of Los Angeles, Marin, Alameda, Sonoma, Riverside, San Diego and Ventura counties.

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The settlement will be divided among the seven counties and used to support future enforcement of consumer protection laws, according to the Marin County district attorney’s office. None of the money will be paid back to consumers.

The fine comes just over a year after the same company was ordered to pay $3.5 million for selling expired over-the-counter drug products. The company is also currently fighting a federal antitrust lawsuit that seeks to block its planned merger with grocery giant Kroger Inc.

Albertsons Cos. operates 589 Albertsons, Safeway and Vons stores in California. The company did not admit wrongdoing. It cooperated with the investigation and has taken steps to correct the violations, according to the L.A. County district atttorney’s office.

In a statement on the settlement, the company said it takes the matter seriously and is committed to ensuring its customers can shop with confidence.

“We have taken steps to ensure our price accuracy guarantee is more visible to customers by posting signage at multiple locations at the front of our stores,” the company stated. “We have conducted additional comprehensive training for associates to reinforce the importance of price accuracy and customer transparency. Additionally, we have enhanced price tracking systems to better ensure real-time accuracy at stores.”

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Prosecutors in the lawsuit alleged that the company failed to implement a price accuracy policy ordered by a court in 2014.

The policy requires that customers who are overcharged for an item either receive the item for free or receive a $5 gift card, depending on which option is worth more. It is designed to encourage customers to immediately report false advertising.

Under the judgment reached Thursday, the grocery giant must implement this policy and ensure staff are properly trained to place accurate weight labels on products.

The serial overcharging was discovered through inspections by Marin County’s Department of Agriculture, Division of Weights and Measures and its counterparts across the state.

“We could not have achieved this result without the outstanding work of our Weights and Measures inspectors as well as vigilant consumers,” said Deputy Dist. Atty. Andres Perez, who prosecuted the case for Marin County.

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For the next three years, Albertsons Cos. is required to hire an independent auditor to ensure it is complying with the terms of the judgment.

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Disney faces class action lawsuit over employee data breach

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Disney faces class action lawsuit over employee data breach

Walt Disney Co. has been hit with a class action lawsuit accusing the Burbank-based entertainment giant of negligence, breach of implied contract and other misconduct in connection with a massive data breach that occurred earlier this year.

Plaintiff Scott Margel submitted the complaint on Thursday in Los Angeles County Superior Court against Disney and Disney California Adventure. The 32-page document also accuses the company of violating privacy laws by not doing enough to prevent or notify victims of the extent of the leak.

The class members, estimated to number in the thousands, are described in the complaint as individuals who gave “highly sensitive personal information” to Disney in connection with their employment at the company — information that was allegedly compromised in the breach.

Representatives of Disney did not immediately respond Friday to The Times’ request for comment.

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The lawsuit cites an article published in September by the Wall Street Journal, which reported that a hacking group known as NullBulge publicly released data spanning more than 18,800 spreadsheets, 13,000 PDFs and 44 million internal messages sent via the workplace communication platform Slack.

According to the Journal, the compromised Slack messages contained sensitive information belonging to Disney cruise employees, including passport numbers, visa details, birthplaces and physical addresses; at least one spreadsheet listed the names, addresses and phone numbers of some Disney Cruise Line passengers. The publication later reported that Disney planned to stop using Slack after the breach.

The plaintiff and class members “remain, even today, in the dark regarding which particular data was stolen, the particular malware used, and what steps are being taken, if any, to secure their [personal information] going forward,” the complaint reads.

The plaintiff and class members “are, thus, left to speculate as to where their [data] ended up, who has used it and for what potentially nefarious purposes.”

In July, NullBulge said that it had leaked roughly 1.2 terabytes of Disney data in rebuke of the company’s treatment of artists, “approach to AI” and “pretty blatant disregard for the consumer.” The self-proclaimed hacktivists told CNN that they were able to penetrate Disney’s system thanks to “a man with Slack access who had cookies.”

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A Disney spokesperson said in a statement at the time that the company was “investigating this matter.”

Margel is demanding that Disney take steps to reinforce its security system and educate class members about the risks associated with the breach. The plaintiff is also seeking unspecified damages and a jury trial.

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