RAPID CITY, S.D. (KOTA) – The South Dakota Department of Health has confirmed three cases of cyclosporiasis as health officials across the country investigate a growing outbreak of the parasitic illness.

According to the department’s Infectious Disease Dashboard, two cases have been reported in Pennington County and one case in Clay County.

The South Dakota cases come as the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention reports more than 1,600 probable cases in 34 states. Nationwide, more than 140 people have been hospitalized.

Cyclosporiasis is caused by the microscopic parasite Cyclospora cayetanensis, which infects the intestines and can cause severe gastrointestinal illness. Symptoms include watery or explosive diarrhea, nausea, stomach cramps, bloating and fatigue.

Unlike many common stomach illnesses that clear within a couple of days, cyclosporiasis can stick around for weeks or even months if left untreated.

Health experts say the parasite has most commonly been linked to contaminated fresh produce, including lettuce, basil, cilantro and raspberries. The parasite can also spread through contaminated water, including swimming pools and splash pads if contaminated water is swallowed. Officials note that Cyclospora is resistant to chlorine and bleach, meaning it can survive in properly chlorinated pools.

Federal investigators continue to search for the source of the nationwide outbreak, while The Michigan Department of Health and Human Services said it identified lettuce and other salad greens as a potential source. The FDA said its traceback investigation is focusing on multiple produce items consumed by people who became sick.

Meanwhile, Taco Bell announced Tuesday that it has voluntarily and temporarily removed limited ingredients at select restaurants as a precaution while public health officials continue their investigation. The company said it is monitoring the situation and following guidance from health authorities. Federal officials have not identified Taco Bell or any other restaurant chain as the confirmed source of the outbreak.

The South Dakota Department of Health has not announced whether the state’s three reported cases are connected to the ongoing multistate outbreak.

Health officials recommend washing fresh produce thoroughly before eating it, although experts caution that washing may not completely remove the hardy parasite. Cooking fruits and vegetables can further reduce the risk of infection.

Anyone experiencing severe diarrhea or symptoms lasting longer than 48 hours should contact a healthcare provider. Early diagnosis and treatment can help shorten the illness and reduce complications.

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