Crypto
CME CF Cryptocurrency benchmarks: frequently asked questions – CME Group
Cryptocurrency
REFERENCE RATE
TICKER SYMBOL
CALCULATION WINDOW
Bitcoin
CME CF Bitcoin Reference Rate*
BRR
3:00 p.m.-4:00 p.m. London time
CME CF Bitcoin Real-Time Index
BRTI
Every Second
CME CF Bitcoin Reference Rate New York Variant*
BRRNY
3:00 p.m.-4:00 p.m. NY time
CME CF Bitcoin Reference Rate APAC Variant
BRRAP
3:00 p.m.-4:00 p.m. Hong Kong/Singapore time
CME CF Bitcoin-Euro Reference Rate*
BTCEUR_RR
3:00 p.m.-4:00 p.m. London time
CME CF Bitcoin-Euro Real-Time Index
BTCEUR_RTI
Every Second
Ether
CME CF Ether-Dollar Reference Rate*
ETHUSD_RR
3:00 p.m.-4:00 p.m. London time
CME CF Ether-Dollar Real-Time Index
ETHUSD_RTI
Every Second
CME CF Ether-Dollar Reference Rate New York Variant
ETHUSD_NY
3:00 p.m.-4:00 p.m. NY time
CME CF Ether-Dollar Reference Rate APAC Variant
ETHUSD_AP
3:00 p.m.-4:00 p.m. Hong Kong/Singapore time
CME CF Ether-Euro Reference Rate*
ETHEUR_RR
3:00 p.m.-4:00 p.m. London time
CME CF Ether-Euro Real-Time Index
ETHEUR_RTI
Every Second
Solana
CME CF Solana-Dollar Reference Rate*
SOLUSD_RR
3:00 p.m.-4:00 p.m. London time
CME CF Solana-Dollar Real-Time Index
SOLUSD_RTI
Every Second
CME CF Solana-Dollar Reference Rate New York Variant
SOLUSD_NY
3:00 p.m.-4:00 p.m. NY time
CME CF Solana-Dollar Reference Rate APAC Variant
SOLUSD_AP
3:00 p.m.-4:00 p.m. Hong Kong/Singapore time
Algorand
CME CF Algorand-Dollar Reference Rate
ALGOUSD_RR
3:00 p.m.-4:00 p.m. London time
CME CF Algorand-Dollar Real-Time Index
ALGOUSD_RTI
Every Second
ARB
CME CF Arbitrum-Dollar Reference Rate
ARBUSD_RR
3:00 p.m.-4:00 p.m. London time
CME CF Arbitrum-Dollar Real-Time Index
ARBUSD_RTI
Every Second
Avalanche
CME CF Avalanche-Dollar Reference Rate
AVAXUSD_RR
3:00 p.m.-4:00 p.m. London time
CME CF Avalanche-Dollar Real-Time Index
AVAXUSD_RTI
Every Second
Bitcoin Cash
CME CF Bitcoin Cash-Dollar Reference Rate
BCHUSD_RR
3:00 p.m.-4:00 p.m. London time
CME CF Bitcoin Cash-Dollar Real-Time Index
BCHUSD_RTI
Every Second
Cardano
CME CF Cardano-Dollar Reference Rate
ADAUSD_RR
3:00 p.m.-4:00 p.m. London time
CME CF Cardano-Dollar Real-Time Index
ADAUSD_RTI
Every Second
CME CF Cardano-Dollar Reference Rate APAC Variant
ADAUSD_AP
3:00 p.m.-4:00 p.m. Hong Kong/Singapore time
Chainlink
CME CF Chainlink-Dollar Reference Rate
LINKUSD_RR
3:00 p.m.-4:00 p.m. London time
CME CF Chainlnk-Dollar Real-Time Index
LINKUSD_RTI
Every Second
CME CF Chainlink-Dollar Reference Rate New York Variant
LINKUSD_NY
3:00 p.m.-4:00 p.m. NY time
CME CF Chainlink-Dollar Reference Rate APAC Variant
LINKUSD_AP
3:00 p.m.-4:00 p.m. Hong Kong/Singapore time
Cosmos
CME CF Cosmos-Dollar Reference Rate
ATOMUSD_RR
3:00 p.m.-4:00 p.m. London time
CME CF Cosmos-Dollar Real-Time Index
ATOMUSD_RTI
Every Second
Ether/Bitcoin Ratio
CME CF ETHBTC_USD Reference Rate
ETHBTC_USDRR
3:00 p.m.-4:00 p.m. London time
CME CF ETHBTC_USD Real-Time Index
ETHBTC_USDRTI
Every Second
Filecoin
CME CF Filecoin-Dollar Reference Rate
FILUSD_RR
3:00 p.m.-4:00 p.m. London time
CME CF Filecoin-Dollar Real-Time Index
FILUSD_RTI
Every Second
Internet Computer
CME CF Internet Computer-Dollar Reference Rate
ICPUSD_RR
3:00 p.m.-4:00 p.m. London time
CME CF Internet Computer-Dollar Real Time Index
ICPUSD_RTI
Every Second
Litecoin
CME CF Litecoin-Dollar Reference Rate
LTCUSD_RR
3:00 p.m.-4:00 p.m. London time
CME CF Litecoin-Dollar Real-Time Index
LTCUSD_RTI
Every Second
CME CF Litecoin-Dollar Reference Rate New York Variant
LTCUSD_NY
3:00 p.m.-4:00 p.m. NY time
CME CF Litecoin-Dollar Reference Rate APAC Variant
LTCUSD_AP
3:00 p.m.-4:00 p.m. Hong Kong/Singapore time
NEAR
CME CF NEAR-Dollar Reference Rate
NEARUSD_RR
3:00 p.m.-4:00 p.m. London time
CME CF NEAR-Dollar Real-Time Index
NEARUSD_RTI
Every Second
Ondo
CME CF Ondo-Dollar Reference Rate
ONDOUSD_RR
3:00 p.m.-4:00 p.m. London time
CME CF Ondo-Dollar Real-Time Index
ONDOUSD_RTI
Every Second
CME CF Ondo-Dollar Reference Rate – New York Variant
ONDOUSD_NY
3:00 p.m.-4:00 p.m. NY time
DOT
CME CF Polkadot-Dollar Reference Rate
DOTUSD_RR
3:00 p.m.-4:00 p.m. London time
CME CF Polkadot-Dollar Real-Time Index
DOTUSD_RTI
Every Second
CME CF Polkadot-Dollar Reference Rate New York Variant
DOTUSD_NY
3:00 p.m.-4:00 p.m. NY time
CME CF Polkadot-Dollar Reference Rate – APAC Variant
DOTUSD_AP
3:00 p.m.-4:00 p.m. Hong Kong/Singapore time
Polygon
CME CF Polygon-Dollar Reference Rate
POLUSD_RR
3:00 p.m.-4:00 p.m. London time
CME CF Polygon-Dollar Real-Time Index
POLUSD_RTI
Every Second
CME CF Polygon-Dollar Reference Rate New York Variant
POLUSD_NY
3:00 p.m.-4:00 p.m. NY time
Stellar Lumens
CME CF Stellar Lumens-Dollar Reference Rate
XLMUSD_RR
3:00 p.m.-4:00 p.m. London time
CME CF Stellar Lumens-Dollar Real-Time Index
XLMUSD_RTI
Every Second
Sui
CME CF Sui-Dollar Reference Rate
SUIUSD_RR
3:00 p.m.-4:00 p.m. London time
CME CF Sui-Dollar Real-Time Index
SUIUSD_RTI
Every Second
CME CF Sui-Dollar Reference Rate – New York Variant
SUIUSD_NY
3:00 p.m.-4:00 p.m. NY time
Tezos
CME CF Tezos-Dollar Reference Rate
XTZUSD_RR
3:00 p.m.-4:00 p.m. London time
CME CF Tezos-Dollar Real-Time Index
XTZUSD_RTI
Every Second
XRP
CME CF XRP-Dollar Reference Rate
XRPUSD_RR
3:00 p.m.-4:00 p.m. London time
CME CF XRP-Dollar Real-Time Index
XRPUSD_RTI
Every Second
CME CF XRP-Dollar Reference Rate New York Variant
XRPUSD_NY
3:00 p.m.-4:00 p.m. NY time
CME CF XRP-Dollar Reference Rate APAC Variant
XRPUSD_AP
3:00 p.m.-4:00 p.m. Hong Kong/Singapore time
Crypto
Institutional Crypto Adoption ‘Happening Now’: Ripple Executive Says Real-World Use Cases Taking Hold
Key Takeaways:
- Ripple says institutional adoption of digital assets is happening now.
- Craddock states the focus has shifted to infrastructure and real-world use cases.
- Paris events showed strong momentum, with Ripple citing real industry energy.
Institutional Digital Asset Adoption Gains Momentum
Institutional adoption of digital assets is gaining momentum across global finance, marking a decisive shift as major firms move beyond experimentation into active deployment. Ripple’s managing director for the U.K. and Europe, Cassie Craddock, reinforced this momentum on April 20, pointing to Paris Blockchain Week 2026 and related industry events as evidence that large-scale crypto adoption is already underway.
Craddock stated on social media platform X:
“Institutional adoption of digital assets isn’t something that’s on the horizon. It’s happening now.”
“The debate has moved on. The focus is on infrastructure and real-world use cases. And the people I was fortunate enough to spend time with this week are the ones building it. Banks, asset managers, fintechs, and regulators, all discussing how to do this properly and at scale,” she further shared.
The executive tied that view to meetings held across the Ripple Roadshow Paris, Paris Blockchain Week itself, Mastercard Crypto Day at the Eiffel Tower, and Société Générale-FORGE’s event at the French Ministry of Finance. She explained that discussions no longer centered on whether institutions would engage with the sector. Instead, participants examined infrastructure, deployment standards, and real-world use cases that could support broader activity across regulated financial markets.
Paris Events Highlight Structured Industry Buildout
The comments suggest that digital asset conversations among large organizations are becoming more operational. Craddock referenced exchanges with speakers including David Durouchoux, Myles Harrison, and Frédéric Dalibard, while also highlighting the presence of banks, asset managers, fintechs, and regulators. That mix suggests several parts of the financial system are considering similar questions around scale and execution. Rather than focusing on abstract potential, the gatherings in Paris appeared to center on how institutions can build and apply digital asset systems in a structured way.
The Ripple executive added that the people involved in those meetings are “the ones building it.” She also concluded:
“The energy was real, the momentum even more so.”
These remarks reflect Ripple’s view that institutional interest is moving from long-term expectation to active development. By stressing implementation and participation from established financial groups, the post framed Paris Blockchain Week as a signal that digital asset adoption is advancing within mainstream finance.
Crypto
Scattered Spider hacker pleads guilty to stealing $8 million in cryptocurrency – Help Net Security
A British national tied to the Scattered Spider cybercrime group pleaded guilty to hacking multiple companies via SMS phishing and stealing over $8 million in virtual currency from US victims.
Tyler Robert Buchanan, 24, of Dundee, Scotland, pleaded guilty to conspiracy to commit wire fraud and aggravated identity theft.
In November 2024, US authorities unsealed criminal charges against Buchanan and four other alleged members of the Scattered Spider group, accusing them of using phishing text messages to steal employee credentials, breach company systems and steal cryptocurrency.
According to court documents, Buchanan and his co-conspirators conducted cyber intrusions and virtual currency thefts between September 2021 and April 2023.
The victims included interactive entertainment, telecommunications and technology companies, as well as business process outsourcing (BPO) and IT service providers, cloud communications firms, virtual currency companies and individual victims.
“As part of the scheme, Buchanan and his co-conspirators conducted Short Message Service (SMS) phishing attacks by sending hundreds of SMS phishing messages to the mobile telephones of a victim company’s employees. The messages purported to be from the victim company or a contracted IT or BPO supplier for the victim company,” the Justice Department said.
“The SMS phishing messages contained links to phishing websites designed to look like legitimate websites of a victim company or a contracted IT or BPO supplier. The websites then lured the recipient into providing confidential information, including personal identifying information (PII), and account usernames and passwords.”
In April 2023, police found on a digital device at Buchanan’s residence in Scotland the names and addresses of numerous victims, including a text file containing cryptocurrency seed phrases and login credentials for one account.
Buchanan has been in federal custody since April 2025 and faces up to 22 years in federal prison.
Co-conspirator Noah Michael Urban is serving a 10-year federal prison sentence and was ordered to pay $13 million in restitution after pleading guilty in April 2025 to fraud-related charges. Three other defendants charged alongside Buchanan, including Ahmed Hossam Eldin Elbadawy, Evans Onyeaka Osiebo and Joel Martin Evans, still face criminal charges in the case.
Scattered Spider is a cybercrime collective, also known as UNC3944, Muddled Libra and Octo Tempest, made up largely of young, native English-speaking hackers who use social engineering, including impersonating IT and help-desk staff, to gain initial access, bypass MFA, and compromise enterprise networks.
The group gained notoriety for its role in high-profile hacking and extortion attacks against Caesars Entertainment and MGM Resorts International, two of the largest casino operators in the US.
Although authorities have increased pressure on the group and arrested several members, including four they consider responsible for ransomware attacks targeting UK-based retailers last year, the group continues to operate, with new members replacing those arrested.
Crypto
XRP Prepares for Quantum Future as Ripple Maps XRPL Strategy for Security Readiness
Key Takeaways:
- Ripple outlines a phased roadmap to prepare XRPL for quantum-era cryptography risks.
- Industry momentum grows as XRPL testing highlights performance and security tradeoffs.
- Developers at Ripple will expand testing to balance innovation with network stability.
Ripple Maps Quantum Security Strategy
Ripple’s post-quantum strategy reflects a growing shift in blockchain security as quantum computing risks gain credibility. The company’s latest Insight, published April 20 by Senior Director of Engineering Ayo Akinyele, outlined a structured roadmap to prepare the XRP Ledger for future cryptographic disruption while preserving network performance.
The Insight stated:
“Ripple is introducing a multi-phase roadmap to prepare the XRP Ledger (XRPL) for a post-quantum future, with a target for full readiness by 2028.”
It also detailed collaboration efforts: “Ripple is working with Project Eleven to accelerate development, including validator testing and early custody prototypes.”
Akinyele explained that quantum security is becoming more relevant because blockchain networks rely on cryptographic systems that could eventually be broken by sufficiently advanced quantum computers. On XRPL, each signed transaction reveals a public key on-chain, which could weaken long-term wallet security in a post-quantum environment.
He also pointed to the “harvest now, decrypt later” threat, where attackers collect cryptographic data today and wait for future quantum capabilities to exploit it. While this does not indicate an immediate failure of current protections, it increases the urgency of preparing systems that secure long-duration value. These risks reinforce the need for early testing of quantum-resistant cryptographic systems and structured migration planning.
XRPL Testing Targets Long-Term Stability
Ripple’s roadmap consists of four phases, starting with contingency planning for a potential failure of existing cryptographic standards. This includes a “Quantum-Day” framework designed to enable secure migration to post-quantum accounts if vulnerabilities emerge. Additional phases focus on evaluating National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST)-recommended algorithms under real network conditions, measuring impacts on throughput, storage, and verification efficiency. XRPL’s native features, including key rotation and deterministic key generation, provide a technical advantage by enabling gradual migration without forcing users to abandon existing accounts. Parallel testing on development networks will allow developers to assess performance tradeoffs before broader implementation.
The senior director of engineering emphasized long-term execution and coordination, stating:
“We should not view addressing the quantum threat on XRPL as a single upgrade, but rather a multi-phased strategy of carefully migrating a live, global financial infrastructure without compromising the value of digital assets protected by the XRPL.”
Akinyele indicated that achieving post-quantum readiness requires balancing cryptographic innovation with operational stability, ensuring the network remains efficient while adapting to future security challenges.
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